Department of Garments

Manufacturing

Internship Report (Sadaqat LTD)

Submitted by:
Huzaifa Naheel (20-NTU-TE-0121)
Muhammad Talha (20-NTU-TE-0138)

National Textile University, Faisalabad

 Internship Report Introduction Page

Name Roll No. Emp Departmen Designatio

.Cod t n
e
Huzaifa 20-NTU-TE- 127935 Sewing Garments Internee
Naheel 0121 General Staff

Muhamma 20-NTU-TE- 127934 Sewing Garments Internee

d 0138 General Staff
Talha

Internship Conducted At:

Sadaqat Ltd. (Khurrianwala 2, Km
shianwala Road, Faislabad)

Internship Time period (days): 4 Weeks

Internship Start Date: 26-08-2021

Internship End Date: 23-09-2021

Acknowledgment:

All praises are for Allah almighty that has bestowed upon
human being the crown of creation and has endowed him with knowledge and
wisdom. After Allah, is the last prophet Mohammed (SAW) who brought for us
revelation and unlimited knowledge and civilized the barbarian human being.
The internship opportunity I had with Sadaqat Ltd. was a great chance for
learning and professional development. Therefore, I consider myself as a very
lucky individual as I was provided with an opportunity to be a part of it. I am also
grateful for having a chance to meet so many wonderful people and professionals
who led me though this internship period.

Bearing in mind previous I am using this opportunity to express my deepest

gratitude and special thanks to the Rashid Munir, HR of ERP in Sadaqat Ltd.
who in spite of being extraordinarily busy with her/his duties, took time out to
hear, guide and keep me on the correct path and allowing me to carry out my
project at their esteemed organization and extending during the training.

I express my deepest thanks to Noor Ali Khan Sb, Manager IE Dept. for taking
part in useful decision & giving necessary advices and guidance and arranged all
facilities to make life easier. I choose this moment to acknowledge his/her
contribution gratefully.

I am also thank full to the supervisors of sewing dept. in Sadaqat Ltd. for their
careful and precious guidance which were extremely valuable for my study both
theoretically and practically.

I perceive as this opportunity as a big milestone in my career development. I will

strive to use gained skills and knowledge in the best possible way, and I will
continue to work on their improvement, in order to attain desired career objectives.
Hope to continue cooperation with all of you in the future.

Dedication:
I dedicate all my efforts and struggles of the educational life to my dear parents;
without them I’m meaningless. Also I devote the work of this internship report to
respectable and honorable Noor Ali Khan Sb who taught and supported me in
developing my personality as a competent professional.
Executive Summary:
I joined Sadaqat Ltd. as an Internee. The motive of
joining the Sadaqat was to have an exposure of textile sector and potential to avail
a sound and promising career. I devoted our time to learn about Sadaqat Ltd, which
will be beneficial to me if I join textile sector. In this 4 weeks internship program I
attended the lectures of key departments (Cutting, Stitching, Quality Assurance,
GGT, Washing) of this largest knitted garment manufacturers of Pakistan which
are delivered by experienced managers running these departments. After attending
the lectures I also visited these departments for acquiring practical knowledge.

The object of this report that I have placed is to express what I observed
what are the necessary measures that can help to capitalize the strengths to
overcome weakness and remove the threats.

History:
Sadaqat - Established in 1951 as a weaving unit under the dynamic leadership of
Mr. Mukhtar Ahmed. Incorporated as a private limited company in 1987.
Converted into public limited company in 2008. Today Sadaqat is one of the
largest home textiles exporter, enjoying excellent reputation in the international
market.

Sadaqat is servicing large customer base supplying top quality merchandise to

leading group of home textiles industry across the globe.

Half a century ago, a textile trading family known as the Sadaqat family started
their home textile business in Chiniot; a neighboring city to Pakistan's textile hub
Faisalabad. The newly established business was based on the core values of
honesty and quality. Visionary footsteps, honesty and diligence have led the
Sadaqat legacy to thrive and expand vertically, while still maintaining its reigning
position in the home textile industry of Pakistan. Over the years, Sadaqat limited
has grown due to the strong leadership and management by a team of motivated
and qualified directors who energize and synergize the strength of more than 5000
employees at a well-equipped and state of the art manufacturing facility. Another
key strength of the company is its product diversification and highly automated
manufacturing equipment.
In 2018 Sadaqat Limited added new business line diversifying its portfolio with the
introduction of state-of-the-art Garment Manufacturing unit producing Woven
(Denim/Non Denim) and Knitted Garments.

We source our raw materials both locally and globally, ensuring our products are
of the highest quality standards whilst remaining competitively priced. Regular
overseas travel ensures consistent product research and development and latest
trend updates. Our design centers are equipped with CAD technology to offer
innovative and fashionable product ranges. At Sadaqat Limited, we combine the
skill and workmanship of our culture with the globally recognized best practices to
deliver products of exceptional quality to all of our global and domestic customer
base.

At Sadaqat Ltd, we understand the importance of brands and maintaining them to

the highest standards. We support and supply to some of the biggest brands in the
industry locally as well as internationally, and we also produce several luxury lines
of our own. Brand value, if properly inculcated, can lead to exponential returns for
business and perseverance to make our brand our strength. We strive to enhance
our brand equity by ensuring that all needs and specifications of our clients are met
in the most convenient and hassle-free environment with strict adherence to quality
standards.

Quality and excellence are a culmination of various factors, often starting from the
raw materials, through manufacturing and finishing to the final end of retail and
sale. Like most businesses, home textiles is also a product of a variety of
interconnected processes and businesses, all of which need to collaborate
seamlessly for exceptional products. At Sadaqat, we believe in mitigating our odds;
we are a well-integrated business model, which controls its entire supply chain,
from raw material provision, through processing, production, and ultimately, on to
global distribution; giving a reliable solution to our worldwide client base.

CEO’s Message:
We at Sadaqat Ltd believe in only providing the best. We also believe in
challenging ourselves to strive for excellence! We are continuously innovating to
improve our systems, services, processes and quality of our products. It is due to
this consistent dedication towards innovation that we have gained our success,
name and credibility in the home textiles industry.

Sadaqat Ltd, founded in 1951; is, today, a diversified company with sales of over
150 Million US dollars. Our management team consists of the best to offer the
organization, and our competent and dedicated workforce ensures that all our
customer needs are met to their complete satisfaction.

The home textiles industry is an ever-changing one; the processes, standards,

products and competition are constantly shifting; and to succeed, we adapt
ourselves to always remain ahead of the curve. Amongst all this change, what
remains constant is our commitment to provide exceptional quality products,
services and experiences to all stakeholders involved.

2.1 Competitors
Some competitors of Sadaqat limited ltd. Are Masood Textile, Kay &
Emms, Kalash industry, Gohar Textile Mills, Kamal Textile Mill, and
Shahzad Textile Faisalabad?
Headquarters / production facilities
1. Department of Marketing and Business Development
2. Department of design
3. Department of Commerce
4. Pattern Making, CAD department
5. Sample department
6. Trims and Accessory Store
7. Fabric Testing Fabric
8. Production Planning and Control
9. Cutting department
10.Sewing department
11.Quality Management Department
12.Machine Repair Department
13.Laundry Department
14.Finishing department
15.Printing department
 Introduction of all departments

The introduction of all the departments of Sadaqat Limited is as follows:

1) Product development

An unusual combination of new, dedicated and experienced developers is a

product development team. The group is exploring new fashion trends, predicted
for sale trade shows groups, catwalks and store reviews.

2) Cutting

The production operations are managed by a team of engineers and trained

technicians, from pre-production risk analysis of the first design samples up to the
final submission of burden. In partnership with the department of fully functional,
dynamic engineering the production planning department plays a role as an active
sensory center for production processes. In integration and flow of controlled
releases, time-limited studies help us deliver on time, always time.

3) Sewing
They believe in further learning, which is why, by improving their quality, they are
constantly striving to increase their effectiveness. This is followed by a strategy to
constantly improve equipment and the skill levels of their team members in their
field of expertise.

4) Garment Wet Process

There is a fully integrated washing, finishing and testing facility at Sadaqat

Limited. This is done ensure that each item is completed according to our
customers' expectations, visibility of product and physical levels. The washing
category is included in Turkish, English and Chinese the technology and
management team are always ready to polish their national competency levels and
in the world.

5) Finishing quality

Product quality and end user protection are very important. To eliminate the risk of
any complaint from our valued customers, strict quality and safety standards are
followed all levels of production and service. Such categories include product
testing with different categories of supply chain before it is finally marked,
packaged and shipped. These tests and tests are available by an independent and
independent audit team.

 Organizational performance chart

1. Department of Labor

The department is concerned about public service problems. They look at hiring
and the well-being of employees. The department manages the existence and
completion of staff records.

2. Marketing Department

At the clothing company, the marketing department is responsible for advertising

the factory's products, attracting new clients, and getting more orders from the
company. The marketing manager and assisted marketing staff are led by the
marketing department.

3. Accounting Department
The Treasury prepares staff salaries, provides salaries to employees, and compiles
staff checks. They manage company accounts. Keep providers' payment records
and track customers for late payments. This department is responsible for the
payment and financial management of all types.

4. Department of Marketing

The Department of Commerce acts as a mediator between factories and customers.

This department is known as the heart and soul of the company. They organize
orders with customers, submit clothing samples for customer approval, and collect
feedback on samples and other approvals. Merchandiser amends the building
materials bill, prepares an expensive textile sheet and monitors production
activities.

5. Functions of the design department

The textile department is responsible for the production of the products. They
focus on the construction of clothing designs in the company's market in the
categories of related products. Every season, designers create new design
collections. The designers did it according to current trends and customer reviews.
The design department plays an important role for major manufacturers in
retaining customers by showcasing new designs to their customers every season.

6. Sample department

The sample department makes all kinds of samples that need to be sent to the
buyer. The sample department tests the suitability of the sample. The sample
department notified the production department of the problems associated with the
orders.

7. Department IE

The Department of Industrial Engineering supports the manufacturing departments

in improving production efficiency and production efficiency testing. The
department of industrial engineering performs the functions of a standard textile
unit.

• SAM clothing is standardized with a new style of calling and measuring the use
of the garment.
• Provide SAM and aims to break the organization with the order of each activity.

• Equipment selection, operating equipment, and number of equipment for each

single operation.

• Change methods by researching strategies.

• Time and line measurement of staff.

• Specific personnel cost estimates.

• Develop detailed production methods, from detailed manual recommendations to

major technical decisions.

• Operator training program and quality management system.

Pattern Processing Department

The Pattern Design Department produces clothing patterns and CAD embodies
digital patterns. CAD stands for computer-assisted architecture. The pattern design
department is led by a Pattern Master. The Pattern Design Department is also
known as the Department of Technology. The main functions of the Pattern Design
Department are Pattern Design, Pattern Installation, Sample Creation, Submit ideas
from customers on samples and make the Sample work for production

9. Textile Department and textile identification

The textile shop is run by Fabric in-charge and a team of assistants loading and
unloading fabrics and removing fabric from the cutting department assists
managers. All types of fabrics are accepted and processed by the textile
department. Original fabrics are attached to wooden pallets or shelves. The main
functions of the textile store are the purchase of textiles, procurement of materials,
greige and finished textile testing, of dyed and printed fabrics, adjust the shade
belt, basic body structure checks and keep fabric inventory reports.

PPC Department
The production planning department is responsible for ordering and arranging
orders. This section is known as the PPC Department. They do the production and
all production methods are followed. In order to get supplies on time, to complete
production tasks on time and to be able to move shipments during production time
planning and project planning is required.

Department of Cutting
The department is responsible for cutting and tailoring the tailoring department.
The strength of the cutting door is set as required by the regular sewing lines. Set
the cutting department with the head of the cutting department, cutters,
distributors, quality inspectors, and filters, numbering and degree assistants.

Department of Sewing
Sewing clothes is an important part of the sewing department. Various types of
production systems and line planning used under sewing. Factories are run on the
assembly line or in the group building.

Department of Washing
After sewing, clothes often need washing to remove dust, trace and give the clothes
a washed look. The department washes clothes, cuts panels, and washes clothing
samples when needed.

Machine Maintenance Department

This department repairs equipment and takes care of sewing machine
maintenance. Machine set- up, fixing sewing machines, holding inventory of
machine parts are major tasks of the machine maintenance department.

Organizational performance chart

Department of Labor

The department is concerned about public service problems. They look for rent and
welfare of employees. This department manages the presence and incomplete
records of staff.

Marketing Department
At the clothing company, the marketing department is responsible for selling the
products produced by factory, attracts new clients, and receives many orders from
the company. Marketing the manager and assisted marketing staff are led by the
marketing department.

Department of Marketing

The Department of Commerce acts as a mediator between factories and customers.

This a department known as the heart and soul of the company. They place orders
with customers, deliver them clothing samples for consumer approval, and collect
feedback on samples and other approvals.

Merchandiser prepares building materials bill, repairs expensive clothing sheet and
monitors production activities.

Functions of the design department

The textile department is responsible for the production of the products. They
focus in the design of clothing for the company's clothing market in the categories
of related products. Every season, designers are creating new design collections.
The designers did it according to current trends as well customer testing. The
design department plays an important role for the major manufacturers in retaining
customers by showcasing new designs to their customers every season.

 Sampling

There are a total of 32 machines in the sampling department, of which 27 are

single needle operators and the other 5 are special machines. The sampling
department's daily production is 100 pcs. The sampling department does not
use a method of progressive packages.
 Types of Sample
Following are the different types of samples used in Sadaqat limited
Development sample and Proto Sample
This sort of sample was used to illustrate the ability of the company to
manufacture what kind of clothing they should produce. Without consumer
specifications, they create these samples and present these samples to their
old or current customers to receive new orders. To check the fabric wash or
 shade and style, the Proto sample is prepared and sent to the customer. To
keep a record for future use one sample is retained by the business itself.
Fit sample
This sample is made by the client and customer to verify this sample via his
model according to complete measurements and instructions given. He
reviews the garment's fitting. He sends his feedback after testing the fitting
and they make a fit sample again based on his feedback only if the customer
rejects it.
Size-set sample and PP sample
This sample is made according to each size supplied by the customer by the
sampling department and will be accepted by the customer again. The gold
seal specimen is often referred to as a pre- production sample. This sample is
made from the same accessories, fabric and hue. The processing of bilk is
initiated after approval of this sample.
 Production planning and control

It is often referred to as Department PP. Mr. Awais is the PPC department's

senior manager. The primary targets of the PPC department are below.
 Objectives
 Capacity utilization of the factory
 On time delivery
 Give a track to production that how can they flow their production
 Working
First of all, raw material arrives and this raw material is supplied by the
MMC by the merchandisers concerned. After that the merchandiser will tell
PPC the in-house raw material date. The representatives of the PPC
department begin to make a schedule according to its date and send this plan
to the associated departments such as cutting, sewing, washing and finishing.
The department member concerned reviews or reads the plan and if he needs
a change in the PPC plan, then he updates it and sends it back to the PPC.

 Cutting
Cutting is the industry's most important department. The cutting work begins
with the pattern obtained from P.D. The cut detail is a guide to the technical
sheet prepared. By applying shrinkage to the pattern, the marker is then
prepared. In business, they did face-up and spread one direction. The
following are minimal descriptions of the Sadaqat cutting department.
 Table length 18m and table width 1.44 m
 Cutting Capacity of cutter 103 plies and Number of spreading tables
4
 Spreading mode face up in single direction
 Cutting capacity 13,000 pieces in two shifts
 Lay spreading time was 40-45 minutes.
 Lay spread height was 2.5-3.0 inches. And width was about 10
meters.

 Process flow
The process flow of cutting department is given below:
 Store Insuence Relaxation of Marker Making
request fabric

core sheet cutting suplicing Ploting

Bundling and Quality

numberinng

Figure 5 Process Flow of Cutting

 CAD
Computer Assisted Design (CAD) is a program used for designing, grading
and marker making patterns. For pattern making, they used the AccuMark
V8.0.1 in sadaqat limited. The PCR consists of 6 pcs and is tested by quality
control, but the GGT department checks the dummy.

Fid Department:
It is a fabric inspection department, which do the testing
of fabric for the garments. The following points are done in Fid department:

 Shade band
 Shade and Shrinkage
 Fabric segregation (Families)
  Fabric Roll Meter age
 Fabric GSM
 Yards
 Fabric roll Width
 Fabric Roll Weight

First a header of 1 meter is taken from a roll of fabric. Header is divided into
three pieces:

1) Working piece
2) Back up piece
3) Blancket

Then blanket is washed for shade and shrinkage. Then fabric segregation is
doing to check the same shade to make the families of same shade fabric
rolls.

Then GSM of fabric is find in lab.

Then width, length and weight is find

4 American System is used for the grading of fabric. There are

four grades in fabric. A, B, C and D.

For grading of fabric, damaging points are calculate in every

100 points. For example 22/100 damaging point, this fabric is consider as A
grade Fabric. Above 22/100 damaging points are B, C and D grade fabric.

Weight Calculation:

For the calculation of total weight of fabric roll, we need width,

length and area of fabric.
Suppose: width = 1.59 m
Length = 160m
 Area = 1.59 x 160 = 254 m2
GSM = 355.95 g
Total Weight = Total Area x GSM
= 254.4 x 355.95 / 1000
Total Weight= 90.55 kg

 Marker and Marker making

A marker is a diagram or paper of a precise pattern piece arrangement in
which all appropriate parts are drawn with minimal fabric wastage. The
process of deciding the most successful arrangement of pattern parts for
design, fabric and size distribution is marker making. For digital Marking
GGT (garber garments technology) software is used.

 Marker efficiency
 The effectiveness of the marker is specified as the ratio of the
marker used in a garment to the total area of the marker.
 The performance of the marker is calculated by the use of cloth,
the proportion of total fabric that is currently used in a garment.
 Area of marker used for Garment ×100
Marker efficiency = Area of total marker

 Marker efficiency falls between 85 to 90 % in this industry.

 Pre spreading activities

Each spreader has a cutting plan issued daily. Orders that are to be spread
that day are listed on the cutting schedule. For this reason, fabric is put at the
top of the same shrinkage. With shades such as A, B, C, D, each fabric
function is listed. One category is brought to the fabric rolls with the same
shrinkage behavior.

 Spreading
Spreading is a method for precise cutting to superimpose fabric layers in a
 smooth, tension-free way. The length of the roll is 100 to 120 meters.

 Ways of spreading
There are using just two type of mood of spreading discussed in below.
Face up and face down and face to face.
Types of spreading:
 Manual spreading
 Auto spreading

 Spreading faults
Plies is misaligned, resulting in clothing pieces being cut with bits missing at
the edge of the spread in several plies. Incorrect tension of plies, i.e. too tight
or too loose spreading of cloth. This will result in sewing parts that do not
match, and finished garments that do not reach size tolerances. Sections that
are not entirely included because of splicing errors. The attraction or
repulsion of plies caused by excessive static electricity distorts the spread.
For cutting, plates are not accurately spread over each other.

 Cutting methods
They are using manual cutting method in which vertical straight knife cutter
is using. An automatic round knife cutter is using but they use this to cut the
ends of fabric. 4 workers cut the fabric manually. Length of blade is 8
inches.

35

Figure 7 Manual Cutting Table

 Bundling and Numbering
After cutting bundling and ticketing is done to identify cut number, quantity,
size number and bundle number. So that in sewing same parts attached to
one garment to avoid shade and measurement problem. If ticketing would
not have done than one garment may contain pocket 32 size and belt of 34
size also shade variation to different parts.

Figure 8 Cut Number List

 Quality inspection
Quality inspection foe both small and large is
conducted after numbering. By matching the cutting is tested by
matching two panels’ components the right and left panels, uneven
cutting is tested. Often with separate bundles of the same size.
Measurements are tested for both the top and bottom sections. Size and
bundle number are tested for counting. Notches are tested for notches
matching left and right pairs or not. A notch missing problem often
exists.

 Measurement checking
At the beginning of the order, the measurement of each part whose
measurement needs to be checked is checked. Measurements are conducted
for the front and back panel (1 inch left on the upper side and double the
bottom hem on the bottom side), length and width of the belt on both single
and double, middle length of the pocket side and top width and measurement
of the yoke.
  Cutting faults
 Often for various pieces, marker overlaps that lead to uneven
cutting.
 Due to which cut portion can become short at the end, lay length
can decrease on relaxation.
 Problems with shading and laying.
 Torn down blade that can damage many of the parts to stop the
computer as soon as possible.
 Reshaping problem at curves and also because of bristle damage.
 Wrong counting.

 Stitching
Detail of stitching 1 and 2 is completely discussed below.
 Introduction
HOD

DM of small parts
and back section

Process engineer

DM of Planning SAM os line 1 and

and execution 2

SAM of line 3 and

4
AM of small parts

AM of Back section

AM of line 9

Figure 9 Hierarchy of Officers

Production:
There are six line in the floor of sewing department. L1, L2, L3,
L4, L5, and L6. Every line have about 54 operators with 15 helpers. Every line
have five sections. Every section has a supervisor. The daily production target of
sewing department is round about 8000-9000 pieces.

 Parts of garment
 There are total 17 parts of a denim pant and basic operations are 32.
Table 8 parts of garment

Name of numbers
parts
Front 2
Facing 2
Back 2
Watch 1
pocket
Lining 2
Fly 2
Waist band 1
Yoke 2
Loop 1
Pocket 2
TOTAL 17
 Operation Bulletin
We have divided whole sewing department into following sections/Sub-
departments. Sewing process is completed on the cut parts of garment by
following different procedures in these sections. We will discuss all section
one by one.
 SMALL PARTS
 BACK SECTION
 FRONT SECTION
 ASSEBMLY-1
 ASSEBMLY
 SMALL PARTS:
It’s the Back bone of sewing department, often we have to create super
market of about three days for better performance of sewing department.
It has two more sub sections:
 Small parts front
 Small parts back
 Small Parts Front:
In small parts front section following series of operations is done to complete
front pocket bag.

 Watch Pocket Hem

 Press watch pocket
 Attach watch pocket design tracing
 Tracing for watch pocket
 Watch pocket attach 1 side with stitch tilted
 Watch pocket attach 1 side with stitch tilted 2nd
 Attach watch pocket
 Watch pocket attach 1 side
 Facing overlock
 Attach facing to lining
 Hem back pocket D/N
 Press back pocket embroidery
 Overlock fly box
 Set fly
 Fly making
 Attach zipper to single fly
 Attach Double fly
  Attach size, wash load and

care label. Following are some

operations in detail.
 Watch Pocket Hem:
Watch pocket hem is done with Single needle chai stitch (SNCS) or Double
needle chain stitch (DNCS) machine.

Figure 11 Hemming

Watch Pocket Attach to facing:

After hemming, hemmed watch pocket presses and then it is ready to attach
on facing. This operation is done with DNLS or SNLS machines per ease or
design of pocket.

Figure 12 Facing Attachment

  Serge/Overlock or Make Right Fly:
Right fly is made as per sample requirements, either it is serge/Over Lock or
made with SLNS machine

Figure 13 Fly Making

Overlock fly box:

Figure 23 shows fly box overlock operation.

 Fly making:

Figure 14 Fly-Box Overlock

Figure 15 Fly making

 Small Parts Back:

In small parts back section following series of operations is done to complete
back pocket.
a) Back pocket hem
b) Back pocket press
  Back Pocket Hem:
After receiving induction from cutting department, first operation is back
pocket hemming. It is done with SNCS or DNCS machine as per
requirement.

Figure 16 Back Pocket Hemming

 Back Pocket Press:

After hemming back pocket, steam iron is used to press back pocket with a
pattern as per customer specifications.

Figure 17 Pressing Back Pocket

 BACK SECTION:
After induction received from cutting department. Following operations are
done to complete back panel of garment.
 Yoke attachment
 Back Rise Attachment
 Tracing Back Pocket Attachment
 Attach Back Pocket
 Bartack Back Pocket
 Yoke attachment:
First operation which is performed back panel is yoke attachment; it is done
with Feed of Arm machine (FOA).
Back Rise Attachment:
After yoke attachment back panels go through back rise attachment. It is
attached with Feed of Arm machine (FOA).

Figure 18 Yoke and Rise Attachment

  Tracing for Back Pocket Attachment:
After back rise attachment, marking is done for back pocket attachment; this is
done manually with hard patter as per customer specifications.

Figure 19 Tracing of Back Pocket

 Attach Back Pocket:

After marking is done, pressed back pocket which received from small parts
is attached on marked place at back panel.
 FRONT SECTION:
In Front section, following series of operations are done to complete front
panels.

 Set Front Pocket to Front Panels

 Top Stitch on Front Round
 Secure sides tacking (L shape)
 Close pocket bag
  Tacking at out seam
 Bartack on pocket bag
 Attach zip edge stitch
 J stitch inserted in pocket bag
 2nd J stitch
 Overlock front rise panel
 Serge right fly with panel
 Front rise top stitch
 Crotch top stitch
 Bartack on fly
Below is the detail of some operations
 Set Front Pocket to Front Panels:
The very first operation which is performed on front panels of garments is set
pocket bag. This operation is done with single needle lock stitch (SNLS)
machine.

Figure 20 Facing Attachment

  Top Stitch on Front Round:
This operation is done by folding the set pocket lining to front panels. It is
done with double needle lock stitch (DLS) machine.

Figure 21 Front Round

 Secure side tacking (L shape):

After round top stitch, secure side tacking is done to maintain front round
opening as per customer specifications. It is done with single needle lock stitch
(SLNS) machine.
Figure 22 Secure Sides
  Close pocket bag:
After that Closing of pocket bag is done with 5T O/L machine also called as
safety stitch machine. 5T O/L stands for five thread overlock machine.
 Attach zip edge stitch:
Figure 32 shows the zip attaching to the panel.

Figure 23 Zip Edge Attachment

Crotch top stitch:

It is attached after joining of panels. This might be attached with SNLS or
DNLS machines as per design of garment.

Figure 24 Crotch Top

  Right Panel attachment to Left Panel:
After J Stitch is attached on left front panel, left panel is attached with right
front panel. This operation can be done with SNLS machine or Overlock
machine.

Figure 25 Panels Attachment

Tacking at out seam:

This operation is done to save the time of handling during the next operation

Figure 26 Out-seam Tacking

in assembly 1 section (out seam).
After completion of front and back panels pairing of both panels is started.
 ASSEBMLY-1:
After pairing of front and back panels, in assembly-1, assembly of front & back
panels is started following below operations.
 Loop tacking
 Loop making
 Belt fusing attach
 Waist band set
 Press waist band
 Matching and pairing P2P
 Tracing on shell for belt placement
 Inseam safety
 Top stitch inseam feedo
 Out seam safety
 CBE high low tracing
 Waist band

attachment 1 ply below are

some operations in detail.

 Inseam Safety/Top

Stitch:
After pairing of front and back panels the very first operation is Inseam safety
stitch. It is done with
5T O/L (Safety) machine. After this, inseam top stitch is attached on inseam
safety. This operation is done with feed of Arm machine (FOA)
 Out Seam Safety:
After inseam safety, out seam safety is attached. This operation is done with
feed of Arm machine (FOA)
 Figure 27 Inseam Safety Stitch

 Waist Band attachment:

This is very important operation, because waste of garment is based on it,
this operation is done with multiple needle chain stitch or Tucking machine.
 ASSEBMLY-2:
After assembling of parts in assembly-1, following operations are done in
assembly-2 to give a finished look to garment.
 Close Band End(CBE)
 Eyelet at Belt
 Loop Attachment
 Bottom Hem
 Close Band End (CBE):
After belt attachment, both ends of belt are stitched by single needle
mechine.

Figure 28 Close Band Ends

  Eyelet at Belt:
After close ends, button hole or eyelet operation is done at waist belt. Snap
button is always attached after wash in finishing department.

Figure 29 Button Hole operation

 Loop Attachment:
Loop attachment is done with auto Loop attachment machines. This
operation can also be done with Bar-tack machines manually.

Bottom Hem
Hemming operation is done for proper finished look of garment. Auto
machines for Bottom hemming are also available in the market. In Sadaqat
limited auto machines are used for bottom hemming.
Figure 31 Bottom Hemming

 Types of stitching machines:

Following are the types of machines which are using in sadaqat limited.
 Lock stitch machine
 Feed of the arm machine
 Over lock machine (3 threads, 5 threads)
 Bar tack machine
 Button hole machine
 Loop making machine
 Loop attachment machine
 Close band end (single needle mechine)
 Bottom hem
 Zig zag
 Cover stitch

 Lock stitch machine:

Lock stitch is used to make lock stitch. In lock stitch two threads are used,
needle or upper thread and bobbin thread or lower thread. Rotary hook picks
needle thread and make locks with bobbin thread at fabric hole through
which they pass. Lock stitch is the tight and strong stitch. It is not ravels like
chain stitch. Juki Machine is used inn sadaqat mill.
Type of lock stitch machine:
1. Single needle lock stitch machine
2. Double needle lock stitch machine

The difference in these is number and needles and bobbins. Working

principle is same for both machines.

Figure 32 Single Needle Lock Stitch

Machine

 Feed of the arm machine

Feed of the arm is multithread chain stitch machine. Two needles and two
loppers are used in this machine. Heavy fabrics like jeans and coats can
stitch on this machine. Needle for this machine is used according to
thickness of the fabric. For thick fabric higher needle size should be used.
For better performance needle should be changed after certain intervals. The
SPM of this machine is 3000-3200. Sewing of 1 inch uses 16 inches’ thread.
Parts of FOA
 Machine pulley
 Presser foot
 Front cover
 Needle bar
 Lopper
 Finger guard
 Pulley cover
 Thread take up lever
 Guides

Functions of feed of the arm machine

 It can sew multi thread chain stitch.
 Stitching can be done by folding the fabric.
  Adjustable sewing machine
 Its appearance is difference from front and back.

 Flat lock machine

To make a flat stitch or cover stitch, the Flat Lock Machine is used. This is a
flat or cylinder-bed computer. Flat bed, though cylinder bed stitch sleeve
style round fabrics, is used to make body cloth. Machines operating at 9000
rpms are extremely quick and effective. Two or more needle loops that move
through the thread, Inter-looping on the underside and Inter-locking on the
upper side, form the stitch.

Figure 33 Flat Lock Machine

 Over lock machine:

Over lock stitch is used join cloth from edges, trim off excess thread, and
stop fabric from fraying. It is also known as over edge because it stitches on
the edge of cloth. 2 to 5 threads are used in over lock machine. 5 threads
over lock stitch is also known as safety stitch. In over lock machine two
cutters are used. One of the cutters is fixed while other one moves to cut
seam allowance.
 Figure 34 Overlock machine

Parts of O/L machine are discussed below.

 Feed system:
Feed system of over lock machine is consists of feed dogs, presser foot and
needle plate that works together. Many of the over locks machines have
differential feed that avoids puckering or stretched seams.
 Cutting system:
Cutting system is used to cut seam allowance. This cutting system consist of
two knifes. One moveable upper knife and other stationery lower knife. Both
of these works like scissor.
 Loppers:
Upper and lower lopper is used to lock the needle and lopper thread.
 Belt Loop making machine:
It is multi needle chain stitch machine. In this two needles and one lopper
thread is used. Folder is used to fold before stitching. Folder of 12mm,
13mm, 15mm and 18 mm are used.

 Eyelet machine:
This is special purpose machine used to make eyelet. This machine is
automatic as it works in cycles. After making eyelet machine automatically
stops. This machine can make more than one eyelet without stoppage. For
this purpose, distance between the two eyelets is preselected..
 Bar tack machine:
Sewing one place again and again small length to increase strength is called
bar tacking. Bar tack machine is lock stitch because bobbin is used. For bar
tack first of all back stitch (1-2cm) then cover stitch is made above tack
stitch. The number of tacking and cover stitch can be adjusted.

 Loop attachment machine:

This is a lock stitch machine in which two needles and one bobbin is used.
This machine works by the help of air pressure. By air pressure jaws moves
to take loop. Cutter cuts use.
company the loop. Jaws takes loop under the needle and
stitched on waist band.

Figure 35 Loop Attachment

 Close Band End machine

Close band end is the latest technology which is use to close the ends of the
waist band. It takes less time to complete one lap.
 Figure 36 CBE Machine

 Auto bottom hem

These machines are very expensive. They are using these machines in
Line-1.

Figure 37 Auto Bottom Hem

 Needles
Below table shows that which needle is use for a particular machine.

Table 9 needle types

Needle Machine Needle’s

name name NO.
DP-17 Bartack 18,19,21
 DC-27 Over lock 16,18,19

TV-5 W/B feedo 19,18,21

DP-5 SNLS 18,19,21

DO-558 Eyelet 19,21

MR-4.5 Bottom hem 19,21

UY Yoke feedo 19,21

DV-57 W/B 19,21

 Garment Faults
Following are some faults company has to face.

 Front section faults

Following are front section faults.
• Numbering fault or shade problem
• Facing numbering
• Broken stitch
• Slippage
• Skip stitch
• Overlapping on stitches
• Shape out on J stitch
• Round lining show
• Pleats
• Notch out at facing
• Puckering
• Crotch unsecure
• Wash load label wrong attach
 Back section faults
Below are the back section faults
 • Needle gauge uneven
• Edge uneven
• Bartack uneven
• Loose Bartack
• Bartack slip
• Sticker stitched in seam
• Yoke high low
• Back rise slant
• Yoke and back rise open fold
• Embroidery uneven
• Oil stain
 Assembly 1
Assembly 1 faults are discussed below:
• Inseam join out
• Panel uneven
• Panel high low
• Edge uneven
• Feedo jump or skip
• Crotch edge fold
• Notch out at out seam
• Panel insecure
• Tracing fault
• Pleats on out seam
• Edge variation
• SPI variation
• Fly or lining fold
• Contour belt fault
 Assembly 2
Assembly 2 faults are discussed below:
• Loop miss
• Loop jointed
• Loop placement out
 • End close edge uneven
• Broken stitch
• Skip stitch
• Bottom shape out
• Bottom hidden hem
• Bottom open fold
• Bottom overlapping
• Pocket bag pleats due to Bartack uneven
• Eyelet skip stitch
• Eyelet placement out
• PU patch skip stitch
• Eyelet grimp thread miss

 Washing department
• Process Flow Chart of Garments Washing
• Garment dry process
• Whiskers
• Scraping
• Crinkles
• Tie
• Pinky

• GWP (Garment Wet Process)

Types of washing:
 Bleach wash
 Stone Wash
 Rins Wash
 Softener wash
 Acid wash

Machines that used:

Number of machines NAME OF MACHINES

 4 YILMAK

3 TONELLO

2 HYDRO

2 TRIVENETA

YILMACK RAINFOREST WASHING MACHINERY

Raınforest Technology; we have opened a new

chapter in the laundry industry. Thanks to our patented design that reduces the
use of resources such as water, smoke, chemicals and provides a shorter
processing time, at the same time increasing efficiency. Daily production results ıs
50% -70% higher compared to standard pre-loading machines.

DRUM VOLUME DRUM DRUM VARIABLE INSTALLED

DIAMETER DEPTH SPEED POWER HEIGHT X WIDTH X
DEPTH

Lt Mm Mm rpm kW
mm x mm x mm
5020 1820 1930 0-100 21
2900X2300X3300

 Tonello G1 LW2 / MW2

An innovative and flexible range sold all over the world. The
principal innovation is a reduction in size and water consumption. Adapted to carry
out any type of wash and a variety of garment finishing. Equipped with a low-
speed extractor (LW2) or a medium-Speed Extractor (MW2).

Hydro Machine

The hydro extrator is a machine used in the textile processing industry. It is also called a
centrifuge. The hydro extrator is a device that uses centrifugal extraction to remove
excess moisture from the fabric. Through this process, approximately 65% of the water is
removed. It plays an important role after passing through the dyeing section. The hydro
extraction method removes the water dispersed in the fiber through mechanical action
(the amount of water varies with fiber type); this process aims to reduce energy
consumption, before the final drying of the fabric or between various wet treatment
stages get on.

Triveneta grandi impianti

For those who produce big amounts. And for those who dream even bigger.
 Load between 120 and 200 kg.
 Steam, gas or diathermic heating.
 Tilting solutions.
 On request, with “Atlantis” system for automatic loading.
Different models for different load capacities DT290, DT380 and DT370.

 Pre Finishing department

In the pre finishing department some steps are
doing in this section

1) Extra Work
2) Loop Cutting
3) Poly beg remove
4) Pocket stitch remove

 Finishing department
Input of the finishing department comes from washing. The major activities
of a finishing department include thread trimming, checking garments and
ironing. Rivits and button are also attach in finishing department.
 Process flow
Below is the actual flow process chart of the finishing department.
Finishing input Pre-quality loop cutting Label/PU attachmentButton attachment

Trimming/clipping Elastic/pin open Thread sucking heat gun press/busted

Quality/MMT Specs inseam, out

Quality section Metal varification Quality checking
feeding stack seam etc

Super Quality Alteration Crinke/heat seal Random check QC Accessory making

Accessory metal detector accessory

Packing shading
attachment machine verification

master or ratio scanning/polybag

leg-wise carton packinng dispattch carton
setting attachment

RFI Ship/Air

Figure 38 Flow Process of Finishing Department

 Nine step verification method

Below figure shows the quality check method in finishing.

Figure 39 Method of Quality Checking

15.3 Sections of finishing

1. Pre-quality

2. Quality
 Pre-quality
Following are the operations do in pre quality section.
 Loop cutting
 Label attachment
 Metal attachment
 Trimming
 pressing

 Quality
Below are the operations performed in quality section:
 measurement checking
 stains checking and its removal
 Okay and rejection
 Q.C random checking

 Packing
Just after passing metal detector machine garments are going to be packed for
dispatch

SWOT analysis
SWOT analysis is a strategic planning strategy used to identify the strengths,
weaknesses, opportunities and risks appropriate to market competition or
project planning for a business or organization.
Power
The firm has the following strengths,
• Strong market position
• Highly motivated employees
• Provides benefits and rewards to employees
• Water rehabilitation facility
• Good security solutions
• Strong security system
• The latest automated machines in GWP.
• Highly skilled and trained managers
• A good location is easy to reach.
• Skilled staff
• Use of high resources
• ISO certified

Weaknesses
The following are the weaknesses of this organization

• There is no suitable employee uniform

• No employee accommodation.
• Poor diet is polluted.

Opportunities
The following are opportunities for the industry to reap many benefits.
• Fabric Production
• Better planning
• The organization can establish more production units
• Costs can be reduced through proper use of resources

Threats
The following are some of the threats of sadaqat limited.
• The biggest problem is the power problem, the failure of the power station.
• Government change policies
New entry of competitors like China and Bangladesh etc.
• As we all know that our country is facing many challenges so the textile
industry is also at risk.

Conclusion
Our training program has proven useful for us to teach about our professional
lives, and this is the kind of review for us to use our teaching technology and
learn technical and non-technical points. From the cutting department to the
finishing department, each department in the production department has a
complete state-of-the-art equipment from overseas.
In short, every step from the creation of the concept to the final submission is
considered and well managed, resulting in high performance and customer
satisfaction. The rapid growth and reliability of customers is a testament to
Sadaqat's honesty and dedication to their work. The SWOT analysis presented
by us will show full confidence when management analyzes and considers our
point.