CONTENTS

Preface, vii

In Memory, ix

About the Author, x

Foreword, xi

Chapter 1. An Overview of Water and Wastewater

Treatment, 1 Introduction, 1
What We Mean by Water F’urification, 4
The Clean Water Act, 26
Introducing the Physical Treatment Methods,
33 Introducing Chemical Treatment, 37
Energy Intensive Treatment Technologies,
40 Water Treatment in General, 42 Some
General Comments, 56
List of Abbreviations Used in this Chapter, 57
Recommended Resources for the Reader, 58
Questions for Thinking and Discussing, 60

Chapter 2. What Filtration Is All About, 62

Introduction, 62
Terminology and Governing Equations, 63
Filtration Dynamics, 72
Wastewater Treatment Applications, 78
Key Words, 81
Nomenclature, 86
Recommended Resources for the Reader, 87
Questions for Thinking and Discussing, 89

Chapter 3. Chemical Additives that Enhance

Filtration, 91 Introduction, 91
Aluminum Based Chemical Additive Compounds, 91
Iron-Based Compounds, 97 Lime, 101

SodaAsh, 104
Liquid Caustic Soda, 105
Filter Aids, 106
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