Answer 1.

Dia of Specimen = 100 mm

Height of Specimen= 200 mm

Area =

Axial Stress @ CU1 =

Axial Stress @ CU2=

Axial Stress is also known as Deviator Stress

Sample Cell Deviator σ1=σ3+ Pore σ3’ σ1’

No. Pressure Stress σd σd Water
σ3= σc Pressure
CU 1 50 75.12 125.12 25 25 100.12
CU 2 300 411.256 711.256 150 150 561.256

(i)

Effective Mean Stress

For Cu1

Effective Mean Stress

Deviator Stress

Effective Mean Stress

For Cu2

Effective Mean Stress

Deviator Stress
1.2 (iii)
---

Effective Friction Angle and Cohesion

Solving Above Equation

Put this value in above equation

C’= 2.055 kPa

1.2 (iv)
Un drained Shear Strength

CU1

CU 2
Answer 1.3 (i)

(a) NC Clay

(b) OC Clay
Answer 1.3 (ii)

Answer 1.3 (iii)

b and ά are inversely proportional to angle of friction angle .

It means the small the value of b and ά grater is the value of friction angle. This is due to less area
availability for impact and less inclination causes more mobilization and more movement of soil grain
particle in between which causes much more value of internal friction angle.

Answer 1.3 (iv)

Stress Strain varies in anisotropic soil in different direction due to presence of different layer of stratified
soil, layered arrangement will change the stress strain response due to different value of E and μ. So
material properties varies along the similar straight line.
σ-€ curve becomes hyperbolic due to critical state of Soil Mechanics, Work Hardening Plasticity imperial
equation of E and G. Excess pore water pressure behavior were also influenced by anisotropic condition
of soil.
Answer 1.1 (i)

100 kPa 300 kPa

Axial Deviato Volumetri Axial Deviato Volumetri
Strain r Stress c Strain Strain r Stress c Strain
0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.27 71.20 0.28 0.22 48.92 0.19
0.79 133.72 0.7 0.69 147.70 0.42
1.36 174.49 1.08 1.19 232.45 0.66
2.29 225.36 1.71 2.08 353.57 1.15
4.16 295.61 2.66 3.56 518.45 1.87
6.79 347.49 3.38 4.74 625.55 2.41
8.64 363.00 3.67 6.60 750.00 3.19
11.00 370.00 3.79 8.65 830.00 3.88
14.00 375.00 4.14 10.54 880.00 4.36
16.45 355.00 4.19 13.51 910.00 4.85
18.70 335.00 4.32 17.44 880.00 5.27
20.0 315.00 4.41 20.00 857.34 5.39

1000.00
100
900.00 kPa
300
kPa
800.00

700.00

600.00
Deviator Stress

500.00

400.00

300.00

200.00

100.00

0.00
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00

Axial Strain
 6

100 kPa
5

300 kPa

4
Volumetric Strain

0
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00

Axial Strain
 σ3 σ1 q p' σ3 σ1 q p'
100 100.00 0.00 100.000 300 300.00 0.00 300.000
100 171.20 71.20 123.733 300 348.92 48.92 316.307
100 233.72 133.72 144.573 300 447.70 147.70 349.233
100 274.49 174.49 158.163 300 532.45 232.45 377.483
100 325.36 225.36 175.120 300 653.57 353.57 417.857
100 395.61 295.61 198.537 300 818.45 518.45 472.817
100 447.49 347.49 215.830 300 925.55 625.55 508.517
100 463.00 363.00 221.000 300 1050.00 750.00 550.000
100 470.00 370.00 223.333 300 1130.00 830.00 576.667
100 475.00 375.00 225.000 300 1180.00 880.00 593.333
100 455.00 355.00 218.333 300 1210.00 910.00 603.333
100 435.00 335.00 211.667 300 1180.00 880.00 593.333
100 415.00 315.00 205.000 300 1157.34 857.34 585.780

1000.00

900.00 100 kPa

300 kPa
800.00

700.00

600.00

500.00
q
400.00

300.00

200.00

100.00

0.00
0.000 100.000 200.000 300.000 400.000 500.000 600.000 700.000

p'
400.00

350.00 Peak Point

Point @ 20 %
300.00 axial Strain

250.00

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00

0.00
80.000 100.000 120.000 140.000 160.000 180.000 200.000 220.000 240.000
 1000.00

900.00

800.00 Peak Point

700.00

600.00

500.00

400.00

300.00

200.00

100.00

0.00
Answer 1.3 (vi)250.000 300.000 350.000 400.000 450.000 500.000 550.000 600.000 650.000
Overconsolidated clays exhibit strain softening. The failure can be defined in terms of "peak" or
"residual" values in this case. In clays, the stress-strain plot may drop further before reaching the
residual state. The soil is under the most stress at peak, and the soil has undergone the most strain at
residual. Both are "failures," but they are defined differently. The peak or residual values (see Figure)
can be used to define the cohesion and friction angles, which can be very different. At peak, the friction
angle can be significantly greater than the residual. The difference is roughly the dilation angle, which
ranges from 0 to 15 degrees. Because the clay is remoulded in the residual state, the inter-particle
bonds are broken, and c' = 0.

Answer 1.3 (iv)

From Equation 1 and 2

Simplifying above equation we get