NGÂN HÀNG CÂU HỎI THI TRẮC NGHIỆM

PART 1 – VOCABULARY

Read the following sentences and choose the best answer for the blank.
She's trying to find a ________ for her spare room because she can't afford the rent by
herself.
A. lodger B. teammate C. owner D.
landlord
He's just staying there on a ________ basis because he's going to move overseas soon.
A. permanent B. essential C. temporary D.
crucial
They really ________. They hardly talk to anyone in the dormitory.
A. keep themselves to themselves B. keep themselves to others
C. do something to themselves D. do themselves to others
"Keep away from the computer and don't stay in the room. I don't want you to be a
computer ________" said the mother to her son.
A. guy B. man C. worker D.
geek
She never pays her share when getting out with friends. She's really ________.
A. hard-handed B. tight-fisted C. short-handed D.
loose-fisted
Don't ________ me please. I'm studying for my final exam.
A. disturb B. observe C. reserve D.
mess
He loves to invite friends round and cook for them. He's a ________ person.
A. man B. people C. guy D.
person
I always know where my things are. I'm really ________ about order.
A. general B. common C. specific D.
particular
Sarah wasn't ________ her weight at all. She just sat there and watch TV.
A. taking B. gaining C. pulling D.
losing
Tom is the most ________ person I know. He is always nice and well-behaved.
A. sensible B. sensitive C. surging D.
logical
You need to be more ________. Don't dream of things you can never get.
A. sensitive B. down-to-earth C. sentimental D.
essential
John is definitely a ________ guy. He's nice, and he's got a good job. You don't see
men like that very often.
 A. people B. common C. decent D.
logical
You need to be ________ when dealing with so as not to upset him.
A. conservative B. assertive C. tactless D.
tactful
John said they want to have a ________ with us, but we need to play more popular
music.
A. gig B. play C. sign D. post
It's really fun to be with Tom. He's such ________
A. a good laugh B. a good joke C. a good deal D. a
good man
Coco Chanel started to ________ fashion when she was really young.
A. give up B. get into C. make over D. give
out
She never makes friends with and rarely talks to anyone. She is so ________.
A. particular B. decent C. introverted D.
realistic
Barbara always tries to listen to and understand people around her. She is very
________.
A. introverted B. extroverted C. practical D.
sympathetic
After finishing an email, don't send it right away. You need to check for ________
first.
A. accuracy B. precision C. sensitivity D.
correction
I felt so ________ realizing that I had forgotten to zip my jeans.
A. impressed B. embarrassed C. relieved D.
realistic
I was very ________ and I think animals can sense it when you're nervous and
worried.
A. impressed B. embarrassed C. anxious D.
relieved
She's totally ________ as she passed her final exam.
A. anxious B. embarrassed C. relieved D.
frustrated
Laura was totally ________ by the beauty of the sea.
A. fascinated B. embarrassed C. exhausted D.
frustrated
They try to persuade people to experience ________ activities, such as changing oil in
the car or having a tap-dancing lesson.
A. extraordinary B. mundane C. special D.
amazing
To ________ means to walk or move in an unsteady way.
A. shake B. go over C. totter D.
 loath
To have an absolute loathing of something means you ________ it.
A. love B. like C. admire D. hate
She is ________ in social situations as she doesn't know how to behave and what to
say.
A. awkward B. awesome C. impressed D.
exhausted
A matinee performance usually starts in the/at ________.
A. morning B. afternoon C. evening D.
night
Please guarantee your place with a $50 ________.
A. money B. charge C. change D.
deposit
You need to ________ the form to sign up for our free training session.
A. fill up B. fill down C. fill in D. fill
over
Commercial logging and overgrazing have made the soil less compact and more
________ to land slide.
A. desirable B. reasonable C. sensible D.
vulnerable
Visiting those African countries was really ________ to me. I can't believe people can
live in such poor conditions.
A. eye-opening B. eye-open C. open-eye D.
opening-eye
He's absolutely ________. He can barely stand on his feet.
A. run out B. worn out C. got out D.
given out
A large portion of the ________ will be spent on finding new ways to fight malaria.
A. check B. donation C. donor D. cash
They are holding a charity event to ________.money for the fund.
A. make B. earn C. raise D. rise
One third of the population in this rural area can earn more than $2 a day. They are
living in ________.
A. charity B. conditions C. donation D.
poverty
There has been a serious ________ in this area. It hasn't rained for 2 months.
A. drought B. flood C. heat D. crop
The percentage of children with ________ has more than tripled since the 1970s.
Their average weight has reached an alarming level.
A. malaria B. chickenpox C. obesity D.
malnutrition
Twelve people were killed in that traffic accident. What a ________!
A. success B. disaster C. equality D.
violence
CCTV cameras are considered to be a/an ________ of privacy because people can see
the area where you live and how to get in.
A. invasion B. takeover C. sharing D.
prevention
When you are ________, you obey rules and regulations.
A. law-binding B. law-breaking C. law-abiding D. law-
making
How long do you think it will take for them to ________ a decision?
A. end B. stick to C. arrive D.
come to
People need to be more ________ what they do.
A. accountable for B. dependable on C. suitable to D.
reasonable with
People don't like their private information to be ________ to other companies.
A. given up B. handed over C. hung over D.
looked over
The husband hired a detective to ________ his wife.
A. go along with B. be accountable to C. keep track of D. look
up
In the company, emails are ________ for particular words so company's secret can be
safe.
A. used B. sent C. written D.
filtered
In the future, _________ may be used to predict whether someone might commit a
crime.
A. genetic screening B. CCTV cameras C. microchip D.
number plate recognition
Social network websites are often ________ by hackers to steal people's personal
data.
A. used B. infiltrated C. filtered D.
screened
The city council is considering the ________ of some security systems.
A. manufacture B. production C. installation D.
announcement
He was arrested for his ________ of the copyright law.
A. violence B. violate C. violent D.
violation
You need to ________ the pros and cons.
A. weigh up B. follow C. go against D.
decide
A ________ is someone who breaks into your house to steal things.
A. robber B. stealer C. burglar D.
lifter
If something is ________, it makes you feel upset.
 A. illegal B. sensible C. disturbing D.
inevitable
If something is ________, it's going to happen sooner or later.
A. illegal B. inevitable C. sensible D.
disturbing
If something is ________, it's against the principles of what's right or wrong.
A. illegal B. unethical C. disturbing D.
inoffensive
If someone is ________, he or she is totally shocked and extremely angry.
A. unethical B. illegal C. offensive D.
outrageous
Mike's girlfriend actually had some Botox ________ to look better.
A. injections B. rejections C. infections D.
reflections
He was the ________ of that serious crime.
A. respect B. suspect C. aspect D.
expect
If you do something ________, the police might arrest you.
A. inoffensive B. unethical C. illegal D.
sensible
If something is ________, there's a good reason for it.
A. sensible B. illegal C. offensive D.
justifiable
Sarah is really ________ She never listens to her parents.
A. stubborn B. obedient C. understanding D.
obese
When you ________ something, you don't pay attention to it.
A. neglect B. ignore C. compliment D.
criticize
When you ________ someone, you say nice things to them.
A. criticize B. ignore C. complement D.
neglect
When someone ________ you, he or she makes you really angry.
A. looks after B. complements C. neglects D.
irritates
When you ________ with someone, you fight or argue with him.
A. quarrel B. irritate C. ignore D.
neglect
The meeting was ________ due to the unavailability of the conference room.
A. put on B. put off C. put in D. put
away
In order to understand your teammates, you need to ________ with them.
A. interfere B. interlude C. interact D.
interpret
The Korean ________ consists of two nations, Democratic People's Republic of
Korea and Republic of Korea.
A. island B. continent C. region D.
peninsula
We are really looking ________ to the coming holiday.
A. forward B. into C. over D.
toward
If you don't book in advance, you can't find any ________ to stay in this time of year.
A. trip B. accommodation C. reservation D.
commodity
We lost all our ________ so we couldn't keep our personal hygiene up.
A. stationery B. toiletries C. perfumes D.
chemistry
Has airport security ever gone through the ________ of your suitcases?
A. intent B. contend C. content D.
retain
People who take part in a game show on TV are called ________.
A. opponents B. enemies C. competitors D.
contestants
'Reed' is a/an ________ of 'deer'.
A. anagram B. synonym C. antonym D.
definition
The host dealt ________ 5 cards to each player.
A. in B. out C. with D. to
Let's play some tennis tomorrow. See you on the ________.
A. field B. course C. pitch D.
court
A ________ of wolves was running free on the field.
A. pack B. herd C. swarm D.
flock
A ________ of locusts is responsible for the consumption of enough crops to feed 1.5
million people.
A. pack B. herd C. swarm D.
flock
Their proposal was turn ________ due to the lack of budget.
A. up B. in C. over D.
down
You need to give ________ your essay as soon as you've finished it.
A. up B. away C. in D. into
The shop had some great clothes but the loud music put her ________.
A. in B. out C. off D.
down
Bungee-jumping and wing-walking are two examples of ________ activities
A. active B. extreme C. over D.
 daily
People have always been ________ by dolphins' playfulness and intelligence.
A. fascinated B. scared C. feared D.
stretched
Jumping from the plane is ________ although you know that you have a parachute on
your back.
A. terrifying B. boring C. fascinating D.
exciting
My grandfather always encourages me to ________ my dreams.
A. pursue B. challenge C. inspire D.
tackle
They will decide to raise your pay after considering how much you have ________ to
the company.
A. distributed B. contributed C. attributed D.
tributed
A ________ of supporters is marching to celebrate the victory of their team.
A. gang B. herd C. crowd D.
bunch
With the help from her mom, the little girl finally managed to make her first
________ of cookies.
A. bunch B. series C. batch D.
flock
With evidence from the CCTV camera, that ________ of thieves were arrested.
A. bunch B. batch C. gang D.
crowd
They are just a ________ of idiots. They don't even know a thing.
A. bunch B. batch C. gang D.
crowd
My brother made a ________ by investing at the right time.
A. wealth B. fortune C. richness D. luck
I think you will find that the Honda bike is really very ________ to ride. It doesn’t
cost you much.
A. costly B. financial C. economical D.
endless
If you still have ________ we can accept the return of the item.
A. receipt B. bill C. check D.
invoice
If you show this coupon at the ________ you will receive a free gift.
A. check-out B. discount C. reception D.
counter
I’m not keen on Hanson so I’ll try to ________ this CD for one by Westlife.
A. return B. refund C. exchange D.
swap
I paid the assistant and took the books but then stupidly left the bookshop without
 waiting for my ________.
A. cash B. fee C. refund D.
change
When the note I gave the assistant turned out to be ________ she called the manager.
A. plastic B. fake C. false D.
polymer
This unbeatable special ________ is only available until the end of the week, so
hurry!
A. offer B. bill C. reduce D.
bargain
Excuse me, but I don’t suppose you have ________ for a fifty, do you?
A. make B. change C. do D.
exchange
I went back to the shop a month later, and the ________had gone up by 30%!
A. cash B. cost C. expenses D.
price
I need to find a bank because I didn’t bring enough ________ out with me.
A. coin B. note C. cash D.
dollar
Businesses are complaining that the ________ of labour is rising.
A. spend B. cost C. price D.
expenses
You only paid five dollars for such a gorgeous hat? That’s a real ________!
A. reduction B. cheapness C. discount D.
bargain
Waiter! Do you think you could bring us the ________, please?
A. bill B. quote C. receipt D.
invoice
Of course I’ll pay you back next week. You can ________ it.
A. bank up B. bank on C. bank down D.
bank to
Would you please ________ the cheque to Mr Martin?
A. make out B. make up C. make over D.
make for
I try to ________ a little money each year to spend on a nice holiday.
A. put on B. put off C. put by D. put
down
We ________ a lot of butter in our family every week.
A. get down B. get on C. get on with D. get
through
Do you fancy coming into town on Sunday to ________ the shops?
A. look round B. look into C. look after D. look
for
The suspect couldn’t explain how he had ________ such a large amount of money
 when the police caught him.
A. come in B. come by C. come to D.
come on
Did you hear about the millionaire who ________ his entire fortune to charity?
A. give up B. give out C. give away D. give
back
I’ve got a/an ________ for the school play tomorrow. I really hope I get a main part!
A. rehearsal B. practice C. audition D.
performance
Did you read that ________ of the new Lloyd – Rice musical? I said it was awful!
A. review B. criticism C. report D.
summary
I’ll pick up a ________ on the way home and then we won’t have to cook.
A. fast food B. takeaway C. microwave D.
delivery
We really ________ ourselves at the party! Thanks so much for inviting us!
A. entertained B. had fun C. enjoyed D.
occupied
Ellie does a/an ________ each week for the local newspaper. It’s really quite funny.
A. comic B. comedian C. animation D.
cartoon
The water park we went to yesterday was fantastic, but the entrance ________ was a
bit expensive.
A. ticket B. fee C. charge D. cost
Vanila Sky ________ Tom Cruise, Penelope Cruze and Cameron Diaz.
A. acts B. plays C. stars D.
contains
When you’re learning to play a musical instrument, it’s important to ________ for an
hour or two every day.
A. rehearse B. practice C. perform D. train
The play wasn’t supposed to be a comedy, but everyone started laughing when some
of the ________ fell over and hit one of the actors.
A. scenery B. scenes C. stages D. acts
Ed ________ at the clock and realized he was late for the meeting.
A. glimpsed B. observed C. glanced D.
watched
Being a conductor of a large ________ is an extremely demanding job. You have to
make sure about a hundred musicians playing in time.
A. group B. band C. company D.
orchestra
Marlon Brando will ________ in history as one of the greatest actors of all time.
A. go down B. go up C. go through D. go
into
Our class is going to ________ a play at the end of term.
 A. put off B. put up C. put on D. put
down
I didn’t really like Madonna’s new single when it came out, but it’s starting to
________ me now.
A. grow up B. grow on C. get on D. put
on
Did you know that the sandwich is ________ the Earl of Sandwich?
A. looked after B. went after C. ran after D.
named after
The band has really ________ since appearing on the Video Music Awards show last
month.
A. paid off B. put off C. taken off D.
gone off
The Eurovision Song Contest is ________ again soon. Shall we organize a Eurovision
party?
A. coming around B. looking around C. turning around D.
going around
I felt completely ________ when he refused to give me his autograph. I’m never
going to buy another one of his CDs!
A. let down B. go down C. put down D. get
down
I’m reading a ________ set in Greece during the Second World War.
A. novel B. fiction C. literature D.
writing
I don’t like ________ on clothes in shops because I don’t want people to see me in
something that doesn’t suit me.
A. putting B. trying C. wearing D.
handing
I’m not sure a green skirt ________ combination with a blue top is such a good idea.
A. on B. at C. in D. for
I’d like to speak to the person in ________ please.
A. charge B. responsibility C. duty D.
obligation
I think some modern designs are more like ________ of art.
A. makes B. works C. objects D. jobs
I wish people didn’t ________ a tendency to follow without thinking about what suits
them personally.
A. do B. make C. get D.
have
I don’t think T – shirts and jeans will ever go ________ of style, do you?
A. away B. out C. off D.
down
Make sure you ________ your make-up with a soft brush, like this one.
A. apply B. construct C. decorate D.
 dress
If you wear that shirt with the ________ pattern, you’ll look like a chessboard!
A. plain B. striped C. shinny D.
checked
You always seem to look so formal. If only you would ________ your hair down!
A. get B. set C. put D. let
The latest trend ________ footwear is to wear very simple, traditional shoes.
A. of B. on C. in D.
from
My sister and I share the same taste ________ clothes and we wear each other’s
things all the time.
A. in B. of C. for D. on

Why can’t you ________ Edger’s example and wear a tie to work?
A. set B. make C. follow D. do
My dad asked me whether his clothes were ________ fashion and I said they were –
about twenty years ago.
A. in B. from C. on D. of
If you care about your ________ too much, people might start to think you’re vain.
A. body B. appearance C. outfit D.
clothes
Long dresses and high heels are quite a good ________ for you.
A. see B. glance C. sight D. look
I wish my brother would get a new ________ to wear for his job interview.
A. costume B. skirt C. suit D.
dress
China ________ the world with cheap clothes.
A. supplies B. produces C. assemble D. sell
Jeans and T-shirts will never go out of ________.
A. trend B. fashion C. image D.
tendency
I need a funny ________ for the fancy-dress party. Any ideas?
A. dress B. uniform C. suit D.
costume
Tim forgot to use clothes ________ and all his clothes fell off the line into the mud!
A. pegs B. clips C. hooks D. pins
The ________ for this position starts at thirty thousand dollars per year.
A. wage B. payment C. salary D. tip
My grandfather was looking forward to his ________ after working at the same
factory for thirty years.
A. overtime B. pension C. charity D.
allowance
Some people ________ to Bac Ninh every day from as far away as Hanoi.
A. connect B. commute C. correspond D.
 commerce
Most governments tax people on the amount they ________ each year.
A. win B. gain C. benefit D. earn
Sara disagreed with the board’s decision so she ________ and went to work for
another company.
A. retired B. fired C. sacked D.
resigned
When the factory closed, over a hundred people were ________ redundant.
A. done B. taken C. made D.
given
Here at Weatherby’s, we provide all our ________ members, from senior management
down, with regular training.
A. staff B. crew C. crowd D. firm
In Arab culture it is ________ to paint the bride’s hands with henna before she
marries.
A. practical B. customary C. priceless D.
supplementary
You will get a weekly ________ of about $500 before deductions.
A. pay B. wage C. tip D.
commission
Have you had any news about that ________ you applied for yet?
A. job B. career C. work D.
business
Not only did we all have to work ________ this week, but didn’t get paid for it!
A. part-time B. full-time C. over-time D.
shift-work
It is the ________ policy not to allow the use of phone for personal calls during
working hours.
A. company B. firm C. business D.
corporation
All the heavy ________ in the factory has been manufactured on site.
A. machinery B. works C. industries D.
products
It seems that Mr. John lied about his ________ on his application form.
A. certificates B. documents C. diploma D.
qualifications
You can often tell where a person comes from by the ________ of English he or she
speaks.
A. usage B. dialect C. trace D.
linguist
Our new printer can scan and ________ photographs as well as print ordinary paper.
A. assign B. wrap C. duplicate D. seal
The final two ________ for the job both had outstanding qualifications and
experience.
 A. candidates B. volunteers C. superiors D.
colleagues
The lawyer’s explanation seems ________ because it fits the facts.
A. malicious B. inappropriate C. ignorant D.
plausible
Now that DVDs are so popular, videotape’s days are ________.
A. inspired B. extinct C. numbered D.
demotivated
Megan eats a healthy diet, but she takes vitamin ________ for good nutrition.
A. devices B. atoms C. harvests D.
supplements
PART 2 – GRAMMAR

Read the following sentences and choose the best answer for the blank.
We were disappointed that ________ of the members came to the youth club party.
A. a few B. a little C. few D. little

I wasn’t really impressed with _______ candidate.

A. both B. either C. neither D. any
The army is looking for ________ good ________.
A. a few/men B. a few/man C. few/men D.
few/men
I don’t have ________ to do so I can meet you at 5:00.
A. much work B. many work C. a large number of D. a
great deal of
________ was too old to read easily.
A. Every books B. All of the books C. All books D.
Every book
I take ________ sugar in my tea.
A. a large number of B. a lot of C. a great deal of D.
many
The ________ baby needs to be picked up.
A. crying B. cry C. cried D. to
cry
The classes ________ by Professor Smith were very interesting.
A. teaching B. teaches C. taught D.
were teaching
The material has been cut, ________ the pieces have been sewn together.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
________ he has been working so hard, he is tired.
A. Although B. However C. So D.
Because
The bill must be paid immediately, ________ the electricity will be turned off.
A. and B. or C. but D.
 however
We could not believe ________.
A. what he did to us B. what did he do to us C. what he done D.
what he did us
Of the three, I can’t decide ________.
A. which is better B. which is best C. which best D.
which is the best
It is not certain ________ the class was cancelled.
A. what B. why C. where D.
which
No single factor explains why ________ vary so greatly among individuals.
A. aging affects B. the effects of aging C. aging has an affect D. the
aging effect
Lack of clarity about ________ the party in the coming year will be removed at the
party’s convention.
A. will lead B. lead C. they will lead D. who
will lead
The first eyeglasses had convex lenses for the aged who ________ farsighted.
A. had become B. they had become C. becoming D. it
became
Some scientists think ________ be a planet but a moon of Neptune.
A. that Pluto does not seem B. not Pluto
C. Pluto that might not D. that Pluto might not
Systems ________ the tow symbols 0 and 1 are called binary number systems.
A. use B. uses C. they use D.
using
Half of the students in the class ________ early.
A. arrive B. arrives C. arriving D. that
arrive
All of the next chapter ________ very important information.
A. contain B. contains C. containing D. are
contain
________ money is needed to pay the bills.
A. Most of B. The most of C. Most of the D. The
most
No one here ________ afraid of skydiving.
A. is B. are C. be D.
being
Everyone in the world ________ love and respect.
A. need B. needs C. needing D. be
needed
Have you ever considered ________ to live in the countryside?
A. go B. going C. to go D.
went
Do you think my jacket needs ________?
A. cleaning B. to be cleaned C. clean D. to
clean
I’d be interested to know how ________ the cooking.
A. you organize B. do you organize C. is D.
organized
What ________ you most about sharing a flat?
A. annoy B. annoys C. does annoy D.
annoying
Judy offered ________ me the sandwiches.
A. make B. making C. makes D. to
make
Vicky said she ________ where Anna ________.
A. doesn’t know/was B. didn’t know/was C. didn’t know/is D.
doesn’t know/is
He asked me how much I ________ it ________ cost.
A. thought/ would B. thought/ will C. think/will D.
think/would
Students ________ homework is late will be punished.
A. who B. whom C. that D.
whose
If David wasn’t so clumsy, he ________ so many accidents.
A. won’t have B. wouldn’t have C. wouldn’t have had D.
would had
If the airport ________, Maria could have flown to London.
A. wasn’t closed B. had been closed C. hadn’t been closed D.
didn’t closed
If I had had an umbrella, I ________ wet in the rain.
A. won’t get B. didn’t get C. wouldn’t get D.
wouldn’t have got
We must avoid ________ so much time.
A. waste B. to waste C. wasting D. to
wasting
Nancy suggested ________ to the lake this weekend.
A. go B. going C. to go D. to
going
Glasses make him ________ older.
A. look B. looking C. to look D. to
looking
________ a car enables you to travel round more easily.
A. Have B. Had C. Having D.
Being had
Would you mind ________ me all the time?
A. don’t bother B. not bother C. don’t bothering D. not
 bothering
Remind me ________ Sam tomorrow.
A. phone B. to phone C. phoning D. will
phone
I would rather ________ at home tonight.
A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. to
staying
I can’t face ________ early in the morning.
A. get up B. to get up C. getting up D. to
getting up
The children are looking forward ________ to the circus.
A. go B. going C. to go D. to
going
There was such ________snow for us to go out.
A. many B. a lot C. a large number of D. a lot
of
But for the bad weather, it ________ a superb weekend.
A. would be B. will be C. would have been D. was
They still want to go to school ________ it is raining hard.
A. even though B. because C. since D.
despite
He sat at the lakeside, ________ by trees, ________ a letter and ________ of his
childhood.
A. surrounded / wrote / thought B. surrounded / writing /
thinking
C. surrounding / writing / thinking D. surrounding / wrote /
thought
________ how unsafe the area was, he decided ________ indoors.
A. Knowing / to stay B. To know / to stay C. Knowing / staying D.
Knowing / stay
I don’t know those people ________ next door.
A. live B. to live C. living D. to
living
I ________ the email. I can’t find it anywhere.
A. must delete B. must have deleted C. must have delete D.
must deleted
I lost all my work yesterday. I realized I ________ the document.
A. couldn’t save B. didn’t save C. couldn’t have saved D.
haven’t saved
Most people prefer not ________ involved in a crime investigation.
A. get B. getting C. to get D. to
getting
How ________ you feel if you ________ in my position?
A. will / are B. would / are C. will / were D.
 would / were
I used ________ 20 cigarettes a day, but now I give up ________.
A. to smoke / smoking B. smoking / to smoke C. smoke / smoking D. to
smoke / smoke
Jane suggested ________ a rest, so we stopped ________ for a while.
A. to have / to rest B. having / resting C. to have / resting D.
having / to rest
We are discussing ________ out for dinner. Would you like ________ us?
A. to go / to join B. going / to join C. going / joining D. to
go / joining
It’s difficult ________ used to ________ with chopsticks.
A. to get / eat B. getting / eating C. getting / to eat D. to
get / eating
- Do you think my jacket needs ________? – No, but you need ________it.
A. cleaning / to iron B. to clean / to iron C. cleaning / ironing D. to
clean / ironing
I would rather ________ home. It’s not worth ________ a taxi.
A. walk / to take B. walking / taking C. walking / to take D.
walk / taking
You need to show ________ kindness.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a
little
________ owner must register his or her car.
A. Some B. Each C. Both D.
Many
The red cardinal spends ________ of its time ________ on the ground.
A. many / feeding B. most / to feed C. most / feeding D.
many / to feed
Although knives and forks ________ of prehistoric origin, spoon are relatively new.
A. are B. they are C. are they D.
which are
________ lived on Earth for nearly 150 million years.
A. Dinosaurs B. Dinosaurs who C. Since dinosaurs D. If
dinosaurs
In 1934, chemist Wallace Carothers produced a plastic which ________ nylon.
A. his call B. he called C. calling D. to
call him
By studying the movements of the Sun and Moon, even early astronomers
could________ eclipses would take place.
A. predicting when B. when it predicts C. the prediction when D.
predict when
A group of winged reptiles ________ pterosaurs is believed to have been the first
vertebrates with the power of flight.
A. call B. calls C. called D. is
 called
Researchers have begun studying what ________ is on human circadian rhythms.
A. it is the effect of light B. the light affects
C. is affecting the light D. the effect of light
Some early batteries used concentrated nitric acid, ________ gave off poisonous
fumes.
A. they B. but they C. then they D. but
they had
A yacht is steered with a rudder, ________ the flow of water that passes the hull.
A. which deflecting B. deflects C. it deflects D.
which deflects
It is still unclear ________ the Mayor will accept the recommendations of the City
Council.
A. yet B. about C. whether D.
before
Beginning in August, free parking ________ available to anyone ________ the
commuter train from Green City.
A. to be / taking B. will be / taking C. will be / take D. is /
to take
Bill asked Tom ________.
A. where is he going B. where he is going C. where he was going D.
where was he going
________ proficiency in German would be of much help, it is not a requirement for
the advertised position.
A. Otherwise B. Despite C. Regarding D.
Although
We regret ________ you that Ms. Markowitz’s workshop on public speaking
________ postponed until next week.
A. to inform / has been B. informing / is C. to inform / would be D.
informing / were
________, he felt so unhappy and lonely.
A. Despite his wealthy B. Rich as was he
C. Rich as he was D. In spite of his being wealth
I would be very rich now ________ working long ago.
A. were I to give up B. if I wouldn’t give up C. if I had not given up D. If I
gave up
They were such difficult tests ________.
A. so I couldn’t finish them B. that I couldn’t finish
C. that I couldn’t finish them D. for me to finish
________to Jim myself, I can’t really tell you why he would say such terrible things.
A. Not having spoken B. Not to be speaking
C. Not to have spoken D. Because of not speaking
The shop assistant finally agreed ________ a full refund.
A. giving me B. to give me C. give to me D. to
 me to give
Bill asked me why ________ to go shopping with me.
A. I hadn’t invited him B. hadn’t I invited him C. I hadn’t him invited D.
hadn’t I him invited
Ellie asked Stan ________ to look at the new catalogue.
A. did he want B. do you want C. whether he wants D. if he
wanted
‘What did the man say when you challenged him?’ ‘He said he ________ pay for the
things in his bag, but I didn’t believe him.’
A. is going to B. has been going to C. goes to D. was
going to
When I last saw Carrie, she told me she ___ of buying a house, but now she’s changed
her mind.
A. thought B. is thinking C. was thinking D. has
been thinking
‘What did they say when they realized you weren’t a shoplifter?’ ‘They apologized
_______ me.’
A. to doubt B. they had doubted C. for doubting D. the
doubt of
The minister, ________ was appointed just last week, made no comment on the
situation.
A. who B. which C. that D.
whose
Isn’t that the spot ________ the accident happened last night?
A. where B. which C. that D.
when
The Titanic, ________ people said was unsinkable, sank on her maiden voyage.
A. that B. where C. when D.
which
All the people to ________ the email was sent replied.
A. who B. that C. whom D.
whose
Harry Hill, ________ new series starts next week, is one of my favourite comedians.
A. who B. whose C. that D.
which
April 1st, ________ we play tricks on people, is known as April Fools’ Day.
A. which B. where C. what D.
when
________ my notes, I couldn’t revise properly for the test.
A. Having lost B. Losing C. Loss D. Lost
I’m sure that after ________ your exam, you will feel much better.
A. passed B. passing C. past D.
being passed
‘Which CD did you get Marcus is the end?’ ‘I got him the one ________
 said he really wanted to hear.’
A. that B. who he C. which D.
which he
‘Have you seen Jason Green’s latest film?’ ‘Is that the one in ________
joins the FBI?’
A. which he B. that he C. whom he D.
which
‘Why don’t we go to Lionel’s for dinner tonight? ‘Is that the new restaurant ________
has just opened on the other side of the town?’
A. which B. which it C. that it D.
where
‘Could you lend me some money?’ ‘I’d like you to give me one good reason
________ I should.’
A. that B. why C. which D. who
‘What do you want to do this summer?’
‘I think we should go somewhere ________ has plenty of sun and sand.’
A. who B. where C. when D. that
________ quite intelligent, Matt hopes to get into a good university.
A. Having been B. Being C. Having D.
Having had
________ an Oscar last year, she’s now one of the most powerful movie stars in the
industry.
A. She won B. To win C. The winning of D.
Having won
And the song ________ by our listeners as their favourite of the week is Goodbye
Baby by The Tunesmiths.
A. having chosen B. chosen C. was chosen D. is
chosen
_______ to change his name by his agent, John Smith became Marvo The
Magnificent overnight.
A. Made B. Having made C. Making D. To
make
It’s about time you ________ thinking about setting up your own business.
A. start B. have started C. started D. to
start
I’d really rather you ________ the kids drop bits of pizza all over my new sofa.
A. don’t let B. aren’t letting C. won’t let D.
didn’t let
________ anything particular in mind or are you just browsing?
A. Did you have B. Are you having C. Can you have D. Had
you had
I wish Karen ________ that we’re not trying to interfere in her life.
A. understands B. would understand
C. has understood D. is going to understand
I’d been able to say goodbye to Trish if only ________ to the airport in time.
A. I get B. I got C. I have got D. I
had got
Don’t you sometimes wish you ________ invisible?
A. could be B. would be C. will be D. are
Suppose we ________ we could go and live on another planet. Would you want to
go?
A. to hear B. hearing C. heard D.
having heard
Do you wish ________ an official complaint?
A. making B. to make C. you make D. you
made
Adrian was ________ enough money to buy a new computer for the school.
A. wishing to have raised B. wishing he will raise
C. hoping to have raised D. hoping he will raise
Don’t you wish we ________ the exam a week on Monday and not tomorrow?
A. take B. will take C. would take D.
were taking
No sooner ________ down than the phone rang.
A. I had sat B. do I sit C. had I sat D. was
I sitting
Never ________ a greater day in the history of mankind.
A. did there be B. was there C. there was D.
there has been
At no time ________ that he was the killer.
A. I didn’t suspect B. was I suspect C. I had suspected D. did I
suspect
Little ________ that I knew his secret.
A. did John know B. John did know C. was John know D.
John knew
Not until ________ her did I realize how beautiful she was.
A. I saw B. did I see C. was I saw D. saw
I
Not only ________ my keys, I’ve lost my wallet, too.
A. I have lost B. are I lost t C. I did lose D.
have I lost
Rarely ________ about the environment enough to give up their car.
A. do people care B. people care C. are people care D. care
people
Only when ________ may vehicles cross the train tracks.
A. is the green light on B. the green light is on
C. did the green light be on D. on is the green light
Seldom ________ such a rude person!
A. have I met B. I have met C. did I met D. am I
 meeting
Only after doing his chores ________ to go to meet his friends.
A. Jason was allowed B. did Jason allow C. was allowed Jason D. was
Jason allowed
Are you sure this isn’t ________, because it looks just like the one I was given for
Christmas?
A. me B. my C. mine D. I
I saw a wallet on the floor next to a couple of tourists and asked them if it was
________.
A. my B. mine C. their D.
theirs
I’m not sure, but I think ________ Mark’s bag, isn’t it?
A. it’s B. its C. this D. that
‘What did Maria ask you?’ ‘She asked me ________ I had ever been abroad.’
A. that B. whether C. for D.
about
Mr. Anderson refused ________ the policeman into his house.
A. allowing B. to allowing C. that he allowed D. to
allowed
The explanation ________ for the problems didn’t satisfy anybody.
A. giving B. which gave C. given D.
having given
Eventually, William agreed ________ his teacher what he had behind his back.
A. that he shows B. with showing C. to show D. on
showing
I know you don’t like saving money, but suppose you ________ your job. What then?
A. will lose B. lost C. are losing D.
would lose
‘They’ve got some great clothes on sale in there!’ ‘If only I ________ the time to go
shopping.’
A. will have B. can have C. had D.
have
‘Shall I come at nine?’ ‘I’d rather you ________ at ten instead.’
A. come B. will come C. had come D.
came
In Britain, most shops close at 6 pm, _____ in other countries they often open in the
evening, too.
A. despite B. moreover C. nevertheless D.
whereas
I wonder ________ mind watching this bag for me for a moment.
A. would you B. you would C. if would you D.
whether you would
Despite ________ president, she felt totally powerless.
A. being B. she was C. of having been D. to
 be
It’s high time ________.
A. are leaving B. were leaving C. have to leave D. had
been leaving
I wish you ________ rude to Rosa last night.
A. weren’t B. wouldn’t be C. hadn’t been D.
haven’t been
‘Have we still got lots of time? ‘No, ________ get a move on. We’re going to be late.’
A. you’d rather B. you’d better C. you’d prefer to D.
you’d be better off
Calculators are banned from the examining room, as _____ dictionaries and handheld
computers.
A. are B. do C. were D. did
________ was it that no one wanted to work.
A. Such a hot day B. So hot a day C. Too hot a day D. Very
hot a day
Doug wasn’t shortlisted for the job ________ he had a great CV.
A. despite B. in spite of C. even though D.
whereas
It’s a great film ________ the plot being a little complicated.
A. although B. though C. while D.
despite
Ferries have been cancelled, ________ planes are able to take off and land.
A. however B. nevertheless C. while D. in
spite of
The politician denied ________ done anything wrong despite the evidence against
him.
A. having B. to have C. have D. on
having
I cooked dinner and ________ that I sat down to watch TV.
A. having done B. doing C. done D. had
Not ________ any Japanese, Georgia used a phrase book when she was in Japan.
A. know B. knowing C. to know D.
known
________ I had known the shop was having a sale last week, I would have gone
shopping there.
A. Suppose B. If only C. Even D.
Thus
The fashion show was expensive to put on. ________, I did make a profit.
A. Also B. Even though C. However D.
While
My sister doesn’t like getting ready for work, and ________.
A. so do I B. as am I C. either do I D.
neither do I
 PART 3 – READING

Part I: Read the passage below and decide which answer A, B, C or D best fits
each space.
Passage 1
The large crowds of people who came to see David Blame’s performance in London
in 2003 show that magicians are incredibly popular. 1_________, although David
Blame is famous, his popularity is still a long way from that of Harry Houdini, who
has been the 2_________ of many magicians for generations.
Harry Houdini was the 3_________ of Ehrich Weiss, who was born in Hungary in
1874 and moved to the United States as a child. He made his 4_________
performance as a professional magician in 1891, but at first he wasn’t very popular.
His early tricks were just card tricks and other traditional acts, but he soon started
5
_________ with escape feats. These escape stunts led to his big 6_________, and he
soon took his show to Europe where plenty of people were 7_________ with his show.
One of his most 8_________ stunts was called “The Chinese Water Torture,” where he
was chained and hung upside-down in a locked glass and steel container of water. He
9
_________ his escape while the audience watched his ordeal inside the tank.
After the death of his mother Houdini spent the last few years of his life revealing as
frauds people who claimed to be able to speak to the dead. These frauds, with their
10
_________ lies, tricked many mourning people, and he wanted to persuade the
public that they were just magicians like him. Houdini died in 1926 as the result of an
illness.
A. On the other hand B. Therefore C. However
D. Moreover
A. idol B. adventurer C. risk taker
D. gambler
A. given name B. nickname C. title
D. code name
A. formative B. inaugural C. original
D. debut
A. playing out B. playing off C. playing around
D. playing up
A. breakthrough B. discovery C. detection
D. revelation
A. obsessed B. enthralled C. preoccupied
D. thoughtful
A. advancing B. exhausting C. worrying
D. demanding
A. caught B. succeeded C. accomplished
D. satisfied
A. plausible B. incredible C. unthinkable
D. unbelievable
Passage 2
The largest land 1_________ alive today is the elephant. Today, there are two kinds of
elephant - the African elephant and the Indian elephant. However, this has not always
been the case. Until about 10,000 years ago, there was another group - the mammoths
- who unfortunately are now 2_________. Mammoths, who lived in the 3_________
cold of northern Russia and North America, looked very similar to modern elephants,
but had long hair over their whole bodies.
Some-scientists 4_________ humans as the 5_________ responsible for the extinction
of the mammoths - 6_________ because mammoth bones have been found in places
where humans lived. However, 7_________ recent evidence, it now seems that
changes in weather were most likely responsible. The climate changed, and with it,
the types of plants available, 8_________ a problem for the mammoths, who now had
trouble finding food. These changes probably took place quite suddenly, and in fact,
whole mammoths have been found perfectly 9_________ in the ice.
Because mammoths and modern elephants are so similar; some scientists think it
might be possible to 10_________ the animals by mixing DNA taken from frozen
mammoths with that of an elephant.
A. mammal B. carnivore C. human
D. herbivore
A. inactive B. extinct C. dead
D. away
A. forceful B. heavy C. powerful
D. intense
A. point the finger at B. put their finger on C. lay a finger on D.
pull a finger out
A. outlaws B. offenders C. culprits
D. murderers
A. officially B. obviously C. completely
D. supposedly
A. because B. thanks to C. since
D. and
A. heading B. facing C. posing
D. dealing
A. preserved B. saved C. rescued
D. protected
A. bring down B. bring forward C. bring in
D. bring back
Passage 3
Research has shown that being tall is an advantage in politics and business
management. If you’re taller than your 1_________, you are more likely to be elected
or promoted. 2_________ many exceptionally tall people think that these advantages
are exaggerated compared to the 3_________. The problems start early when growth
hormones stimulate increased height. When children are much taller than their
classmates, they are subject to teasing and even bullying. This can range from dumb
questions such as “How’s the weather up there, big guy?” to snubbing on the
playground when sports teams are chosen. 4_________, tall children are given
nicknames related to their height such as “Jolly Green Giant” or “Stilts.” It can be a
painful ordeal when the teacher reads common fairy tales such as Jack and the
Beanstalk. Some children even develop stooped or bent posture to 5_________ their
height.
When tall people reach adulthood, they discover that the rest of society is 6_________
for miniature folks. They bump their heads on the roofs of cars designed for shorter
people and they trip people in airline aisles when they try to 7_________ their legs.
The span of average beds is only 1.8 meters from tip to toe 8_________ over 30
percent of British males are now taller than this. Tallness has an impact 9_________
clothing too. Clothes for tall people 10_________ more material and consequently are
more expensive. Tall people end up paying a penalty, thanks to their anatomy. Only
every now and again are clothing items the same price as more common sizes.

A. enemies B. opponents C. rivals

D. managers
A. Nonetheless B. In spite of C. At least
D. In addition
A. attractions B. edges C. losses
D. drawbacks
A. Officially B. Typically C. Fortunately
D. Naturally
A. disguise B. bury C. cancel
D. cover
A. categorized B. classified C. graded
D. organized
A. expand B. stretch C. lengthen
D. extend
A. despite B. and C. whereas
D. because
A. on B. for C. with
D. in
A. want B. require C. request
D. ask

Passage 4
Political Culture
In most countries, except _________ states there are several different political
1

parties. The one with the 2_________ of seats normally forms the government, and the
parties which are against the government are called the 3_________. Sometimes no
single party wins enough seats, and several parties must combine together in a
4
_________ to form a government. The principal ministers in the government form a
group called the 5_________. The leader of this group, and of the government, is the
6
_________. Of course, there are many different kinds of parties and governments. A
socialist or communist party is often described as 7_________. A conservative party
on the other hand, is usually said to be 8_________. Political situations are always
changing. Sometimes in a party or between two parties there is a big argument or deep
difference of opinion. This is called a(an) 9_________. When, on the other hand, two
parties work together, this is sometimes called an 10_________.

A. cabinet B. majority C. coalition D. one-party

A. majority B. alliance C. coalition D. opposition
A. composition B. opponent C. component D. opposition
A. combination B. connection C. coalition D. unification
A. cabinet B. officer C. left-wing D. one-party state
A. cabinet minister B. majority C. prime minister D. president
A. good-wing B. left-wing C. bad-wing D. middle-wing
A. right-wing B. good-wing C. bad-wing D. middle-wing
A. argumentation B. solidarity C. alliance D. split
A. argumentation B. solidarity C. alliance D. split

Passage 5
TELEVISION

Mass 1_________ is a phrase often used to describe ways of giving information and
entertainment to very large numbers of people. It includes newspapers, advertising
and radio and, of course, television. In most countries people can 2_________ to any
of three or four different 3_________. Do television programs influence our minds?
Do they 4_________ us? Is the news completely 5_________ (neutral) or is it
6
_________ (considered from one particular point of view)? Don’t the 7_________ for
alcohol, food and other goods condition our minds? Even the 8_________ going on
week after week telling the story of one family or group of people sometimes make us
want to copy the life-style we see on the screen. Also 9_________ which give people
big prizes for answering simple questions can make us greedy. Some programs are
watched by tens of millions of 10_________. Despite the fast popularity and
development of the Internet, television is still a must in every household.

A. press B. information C. media D. entertainment

A. button B. switch C. control D. change
A. channels B. objectives C. buttons D. medias
A. indoctrinate B. switch C. treat D. motivate
A. subjective B. objective C. partial D. biased
A. objective B. subjective C. fair D. impartial
A. products B. publications C. commercials D. comments
A. movies B. documentariesC. commercials D. soap operas
A. documentaries B. soap operas C. commercials D. quiz shows
 A. viewers B. spectators C. audience D. crowd

Passage 6
Scientists believe that they have made a 1 __________ breakthrough in fighting HIV-
they have shown what happens when an infection-fighting antibody attacks a 2
__________ in HIV's 3__________ defences. Finding a vaccine against HIV has been
very difficult because the proteins on the surface of the virus are continually mutating,
but they have shown an antibody, called b12, attacking a weak spot of the virus where
the protein is 4 __________. The virus is able to 5 __________ rapidly to avoid
6
__________ by the immune system, and is also covered in sugary molecules which
block access by antibodies. 7 __________, certain parts of the virus must remain 8
__________ unchanged so that it can catch hold of and enter human cells. One
protein that sticks out from the surface of the virus and binds to receptors on host cells
is one such region, which makes it a target for vaccine development.
Previous analyses of the 9 __________ of people that have been able to keep HIV
from developing into AIDS for long periods of time 10__________ revealed a rare
group of antibodies - including b12 - that seem to fight HIV with some degree of
success. The latest study showed how the antibody and the protein interact. Scientists
hope that revealing the structure of this bond in such precise detail will provide clues
about how best to attack HIV.
A. majority B. major C. solution D. final
A. gap B. space C. line D. shape
A. consider B. considerate C. considerably D. considerable
A. stable B. instability C. unstable D. stability
A. mutation B. mutant C. mutate D. mutating
A. detective B. detect C. detecting D. detection
A. Though B. However C. Also D. Even though
A. relatively B. relative C. relatives D. relation
A. bleed B. bleeding C. blood D. bloody
A. was B. has C. have D. were
Passage 7
The global recording industry has launched its largest wave of legal 1 __________
against people suspected of sharing music files on the internet. The latest move by the
International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) 2 __________ 2,100
alleged uploaders using peer-to-peer (P2P) networks in 16 nations 3__________ the
UK, France, Germany and Italy. Thousands of people have agreed to pay
compensation since the campaign began. In the US, civil lawsuits have been brought
against more than 15,597 people 4 __________ September 2003 and there have been
3,590 settlements. 'This is a significant escalation of our enforcement actions against
people who are uploading and distributing5 __________ music on p2p networks,'
said IFPI chief John Kennedy. 'Thousands of people - mostly internet-savvy men in
their 20s or 30s - have learnt to their 6__________ the legal and financial risks
involved in file-sharing copyrighted music in large quantities.' Individual cases are
generally brought by the national associations 7 __________ the recording industry,
and in some cases by the labels, as civil complaints. The UK record industry has so
far brought 97 cases, with a 8 __________ 65 ______________by the latest action.
More than 140,000 in _____________has been paid to the British Phonographic
Industry by 71 individuals.
A. action B. activity C. acting D. acts
A. Aimed B. targeted C. directed D. pointed
A. Such B. with C. including D. throughout
A. During B. throughout C. in D. since
A. copyrighted B. registered C. trademark D. illegal
A. benefit B. charge C. cost D. fortune
A. for B. working C. representing D. inside
A. newly B. addition C. further D. another
A. covering B. covered C. to cover D.be covered
A. compensation B. fund C. money D. cards

Passage 8
In the western customs 1_________ hands is the customary form of greeting,
but in China a nod of the head or 2_________ bow is sufficient. Hugging and kissing
when greeting are uncommon. Business cards are often 3_________ and yours should
be printed in your own language and in Chinese. Also, it is more respectful to present
your card or a gift or -any other article using 4_________ hands. The Chinese are
5
_________ applauders. You may be greeted with group clapping, even by small
children. When a person is applauded in this practice it is the custom for that person
to return the applause or a "thank you." When walking in public places, direct eye
6
_________ and staring is uncommon in the larger cities, especially in those areas
accustomed to foreign visitors. 7_________, in smaller communities, visitors may be
the subject of much curiosity and therefore you may notice some stares. 8_________
speaking, the Chinese are not a touch-oriented society, especially true for visitors. So,
avoid 9_________ or any prolonged form of body contact. Public displays of affection
are very rare. On the other hand, you may note people of the same sex walking hand-
in-hand, which is simply a gesture of friendship. Do not worry about a bit of pushing
and shoving in stores or when groups board public buses or trains. In this case,
10
_________ are neither offered nor expected. The Chinese will stand much closer
than Westerners.
A. shaking B. giving C. holding D. moving
A. small B. slight C. immediate D. direct
A. asked B. shown C. passed D. exchanged
A. two B. both C. whole D. single
A. severe B. enthusiastic C. reserved D. calm
A. contact B. sight C. focus D. communication
A. While B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. However
A. Approximately B. Highly C. Generally D. Literally
A. to touch B. touching C. to be touched D. being touched
A. apologies B. thanks C. appreciations D. condolences
Passage 9
The name television comes from a Greek word meaning far and a Latin word meaning
to see. Thus, television 1_________ to see far. Television systems change the light and
2
_________ waves from a scene into electronic signals called electromagnetic waves.
A television 3_________ receives these signals and turns them back into pictures and
sounds.
Experiments leading to the invention of TV began in the 1800’s, but the 4_________
was slow. Television as we know it today was not developed until the 1920’s. It had
little importance in communication until the 5_________ 1940’s. During that time,
television stations began local over-the-air broadcasting, using electromagnetic waves
to send 6_________ from a transmitter to antennas in homes.
Most homes in industrialized nations have at 7_________ one television set. In the
United States, for example, a TV set is in use in each home for an 8_________ of
seven hours a day. Because of its widespread popularity, television has an important
9
_________ on today’s culture, including how people 10_________ their time and
money, and what they see and learn.
A. is B. translates C. means D. herbivore
A. micro B. sound C. frequency D. radar
A. box B. part C. screen D. set
A. progress B. improvement C. benefit D. outcome
A. lateness B. lately C. late D. latest
A. films B. pictures C. signal D. programs
A. least B. most C. the least D. the most
A. estimate B. average C. calculation D. approximability
A. image B. role C. influence D. status
A. waste B. use C. save D. spend

Passage 10
Nespresso, began life in 1986 as a mail-order business 1_________ coffee capsules for
espresso machines that people use at home. Then it started selling coffee machines
retailed through 2_________ selected shops, but the coffee was sold directly to people
who joined Nespresso Club, a mail-order business, 3_________ now gets half its sales
online.
Nespresso's key outlets are divided between small bars in shops; large standalone
boutiques; and the latest boutique bars, 4_________ up to half the total area of 400-
450 square metres is for drinking coffee. The boutique concept 5_________ a critical
role in developing customer interaction 6_________ the brand - providing a place
where customers can experience the ultimate coffee experience. Nespresso does not
plan 7_________ become an up market coffee chain and does not expect 8_________
money from selling cups of coffee, 9_________ prices are high. But its CEO hopes
that once customers see how its coffee machines work, they will be 10_________ to
buy them, and will also purchase accessories such as coffee cups.
 A. selling B. sold C. sell D. sells
A. careless B. careful C. carefully D. carelessly
A. that B. who C. which D. whose
A. why B. whose C. that D. where
A. keeps B. plays C. makes D. takes
A. between B. with C. to D. for
A. to B. for C. with D. into
A. making B. creating C. to create D. to make
A. however B. but C. even though D. because
A. decided B. avoided C. persuaded D. considered

Part II: Read the passage below and choose the correct answer for each question.

Passage 1
The Changing Face of Education
Despite a rapidly changing world where technology and globalisation have
had an impact on almost every possible corner of our lives, methods of education in
the modern world haven’t really been affected very much. In fact, the way young
people learn in schools and colleges is remarkably similar to when free, compulsory
education for all, was first introduced. But what if getting an education doesn’t just
mean getting up and going to a school or college building and sitting in a classroom
reading books and listening to a teacher?
Although lessons are still held in classrooms, computers and technology have
already started to play a major role in modern education. This role can only grow as
the power of computer memory increases while the cost of computers drops.
Computers can replace books, assist teaching, be used in testing and provide teachers
with a plentiful supply of teaching resources. Though they are already an essential
part of education, the day that they become the core tool for receiving an education
cannot be very far away. How long before they replace classrooms?
Possibly not that long at all if colleges and universities are anything to go by.
Many universities now offer online degree courses that are completed only over the
Internet.
This means that it doesn’t matter where you are in the world, you can still
have access to a university education without moving to the country the university is
in. What would happen if schools offered the same learning opportunities too?
Perhaps one of the main reasons why this type of learning hasn’t taken off at school
level, except in isolated areas, is because parents want their children to be looked after
while they are at work. As the world of work changes, it might not be long before it
stops being necessary for children physically to go to school.
Another benefit of getting away from traditional teaching methods and using
technology more and more as an educational tool is that it means that education in the
future won’t just be something that is mainly associated with the young. There will be
much more opportunity for lifelong learning. Imagine if, at any time of your life, you
could just find the course you want to do on the internet and do it whenever it suited
you. You wouldn’t have to worry about giving up work or moving away from your
family in order to study. Having so much greater choice over how people study will
make it much more attractive to them, whatever their age. At the moment, one of the
main stumbling blocks to change is the teachers who have been trained to teach using
traditional methods. Some of them may find it hard to adapt to the kind of teaching
where they need to give up books and the blackboard and embrace tablet computers,
smart phones and social media as positive teaching tools. Even harder will be giving
up on classrooms entirely and having little to no face-to-face contact with pupils or
students. However, it’s doubtful that any resistance to new ways of learning will last
very long because there’s just no getting away from the fact that the world is
changing, technology is becoming more and more central to our daily lives both at
home and at work. So, why would education be the only part of our lives that looks
backwards to earlier times? In the end it won’t. Education and learning methods will
have to change in order to reflect the world and the lives we lead.
In the first paragraph the writer says that education ________.
hasn’t altered a great deal in recent decades
has been deeply affected by technology and globalisation
is exactly the same as when free education became available
no longer requires attending a school or college
The writer believes that computers and technology in education will ________.
only increase when computers get cheaper
one day become essential
drastically change all aspects of learning
give teachers a lot of extra work
The writer points out that online courses ________.
are now the main way to get a degree
need only a few lessons at the university
are the same all over the world
make it easier to get a university education
One advantage of the increasing use of technology in learning is that ________.
people of all ages will have greater access to education
young people won’t have to choose between work or study
people would worry less about passing exams
older people will use the internet a lot more
The writer believes some teachers may find it particularly difficult to ________.
get better training in the future
see anything positive in new teaching methods
accept that they won’t come into personal contact with students
admit that technology is changing the world

Passage 2
RETHINK RUBBISH @ HOME
Come on, admit it. We’ve all got clothes in our wardrobe that we haven’t worn
for years and we know we’ll never wear again. Taking your old clothes to the local
charity shop or recycling bin is a great way of getting rid of a load of rubbish and
creating extra space at the same time! And it’s all for a good cause. Charities such as
The Salvation Army, Oxfam, TRAID and Scope are big collectors of old clothes,
either through charity shops and recycling banks or for sorting and selling on, often
abroad.
Buying second-hand clothes is now definitely in vogue too, with dedicated
followers of fashion such as Kylie and Geri Halliwell leading the way. Vintage
boutiques offer ranges of designer classics, but can be a bit on the expensive side, so
why not raid your local charity shop to pick up a real bargain? You can create your
own distinct look and feel good about your recycling effort.
Hate junk mail? Around one million tonnes of junk mail and magazines get
binned each year! But it’s easy to cut down on the rubbish in your bin by registering
with the Mailing Preference Service. Send them your details and they’ll make sure
that you don’t receive piles of unwanted offers and advertisements through your
letterbox.
A massive 60% of the contents of your dustbin can be recycled. So why not
give your bin a break and drop off your paper, card, glass bottles, jars and cans at the
recycling banks located at most supermarkets? By doing this, you’ll reduce your
household waste by nearly one third!
Did you know that if you’re really clever, there’s £34 million worth of empty
aluminum drink cans in the UK just waiting to be collected and recycled? The reason
is that aluminum is really valuable and the sort that’s made into the billions of drinks
cans we see on our supermarket shelves can be recycled and used time and time again
to make new drinks cans.
We produce over 26 million tonnes of household rubbish in the UK every year,
so there’s plenty of scope for us to Rethink Rubbish in the home! By thinking about
the types of goods we buy, how we use them and where we dispose of them, we can
dramatically reduce the amount of rubbish our homes produce. Whilst we can’t get rid
of rubbish altogether, there are hundreds of ways in which we can cut down on what
we throw away. So, whether we’re recycling, finding new uses for ‘junk’ or simply
reducing what we create in the first place, with a little effort, we can all make our
homes cleaner and greener!
The writer suggests that getting rid of old clothes can ________.
benefit you and other people
only be done through recycling bins
cause a problem with rubbish
save you time
What does the writer say about buying clothes second-hand?
It is expensive and you can end up being a fashion victim.
All of today’s top stars do it.
You save money, look different and it helps with recycling.
It is a fashionable thing to do but ordinary people can’t afford it.
The Mailing Preference Service ________.
keeps you informed about environmental issues
 collects paper from your home to be recycled
provides your details to advertisers
helps you to reduce the amount of rubbish you throw away
What does the figure of £34 million represent?
The cost of recycling all the drinks cans in the UK.
The amount spent on soft drinks each year in the UK.
The annual cost of the aluminum used to make drinks cans.
The amount spent by supermarkets on recycling schemes.
What point does the writer make in the last paragraph?
Nobody tries to reduce the amount of rubbish they produce.
There are many ways to reduce the amount of rubbish we produce.
If we follow this advice, we will have no rubbish at all.
Our homes are too dirty because of all the rubbish.

Passage 3
GOING ON A DIET?
If someone tells you they’re going on a diet, the chances are you’ll imagine
they’re trying to lose weight. In fact, weight-loss diets are only one type of dieting.
Some sports players, for example, might go on a weight-gain diet, with the aim of
increasing their body mass and, by extension, their strength. Patients who have lost
weight through illness may also embark on a weight-gain diet. Their aim differs from
the athlete in that they’re attempting to return to their previous levels of muscle and
body fat, rather than aiming to increase their normal personal levels. Actors may also
decide to go on a weight-gain diet to play a particular role. Robert De Niro, for
example, is well known for greatly increasing his weight to play certain characters -
he gained more than 27 kilograms to play the older La Motta in the film Raging Bull.
At the end of filming, De Niro presumably changed his eating patterns to
reduce his weight. In effect, he went on a weight-loss diet. Weight-loss diets
generally limit the amount of certain foods, or food in general, in order to reduce body
mass. Despite what many people think, this reduction is not just a reduction in fat,
however. Weight loss is usually a combination of a loss in muscle, water and fat.
Indeed, some dieters lose weight without losing much fat at all. An overweight person
dieting should aim to lose fat rather than muscle. Some dieters therefore have to
restrict their muscle loss by doing push-ups, lifting weights and making sure they get
enough protein (which is required to build muscle).
Protein is just one of the essential nutrients our bodies need. We also need fats,
vitamins, minerals and water. A diet that doesn’t provide these nutritional
requirements can be damaging to our physical well-being. In general, then, the most
sensible weight-loss diet is an adapted standard balanced diet - adapted in the sense
that the size of portions is reduced, and some foods are substituted for others (for
example, full-fat milk is replaced with skimmed milk, or sugar is replaced with
artificial sweetener).
Although some overweight people are overweight because of their
metabolism, others are overweight simply because they eat too much. For this reason,
some diets focus on the psychological aspect of weight-loss, with the aim of reducing
the desire to overeat. Some foods, for example high-fibre vegetables, have been
shown to effectively ‘obtain satiation’, or, in other words, to create a feeling of
fullness and loss of appetite. Drinking water and exercising are also effective in
reducing the appetite. For some diets, doctors prescribe drugs such as ephedrine to
help suppress the appetite. Some dieters join a weight-loss group in their attempt to
lose weight. Some of these groups, such as Overeaters Anonymous, are nonprofit
organisations. Others, such as Weight Watchers, are commercial concerns. Groups
differ in their aims - some offer special menus, some provide their own brand of
prepared food, and others focus mainly on providing emotional support and giving
practical information.
Of course, there are also a large number of named weight-loss diets to choose
from. The weight-loss diet book is a multi-million pound industry in its own right.
These diets tend to go in and out of fashion, and are frequently promoted by
celebrities, their creators, or both. Many of these diets - the Atkins Diet being a prime
example - are controversial, in that the medical and scientific community becomes
divided over how effective and healthy the diet actually is. Before starting one of
these diets, the golden rule is to find out as much about it as possible. The internet is a
valuable source of information, and your local GP can also advise you whether a
particular diet is suitable for your needs.
How do the weight-gain diets of sports players and patients differ?
Sports players, unlike patients, focus on their own personal weight levels
Sports players, unlike patients, are interested in increasing their strength.
Patients try to increase muscle and body fat, rather than just muscle.
Patients try to get back weight they have lost rather than put on extra weight.
According to the writer, a lot of people wrongly believe that ________.
you shouldn’t aim to reduce your body fat in a weight-loss diet.
the only effect of eating less is a decrease in the amount of body fat.
successful weight loss comes through losing muscle, water and fat.
if you eat less, your body may actually lose muscle rather than fat.
Some dieters do push-ups, according to the writer, to ensure that ________.
they have enough protein in their bodies.
their muscles aren’t restricted in anyway.
they don’t lose muscle instead of fat.
they are able to lift heavy weights.
How does Weight Watchers differ from Overeaters Anonymous?
Weight Watchers is more worried about advertising.
Weight Watchers is a business that tries to make a profit.
Overeaters Anonymous is less successful at making money.
Overeaters Anonymous isn’t interested in helping individuals.
According to the writer, what is the Atkins Diet a good example of?
a diet that was in fashion but isn’t any more
a diet that was promoted by celebrities
a diet that all scientists agree is very good
 a diet that some doctors do not recommend

Passage 4

Don’t go on Holiday!
Dawn Lanare takes a good look at some of the reasons not to travel this
summer.
Yes, I’m being completely serious. Travel can broaden the mind but that’s not
likely on a two-week holiday. Let me tell you why.
It’s summertime again and you’re planning to pack your bags and take off for a
package holiday for two weeks in the sun. It’s a chance to relax, recharge your
batteries and enjoy yourself. But if you’re honest with yourself, is it really such a
good idea? Think about all the holidays you’ve had in the past few years. What were
they really like?
For a start, there is the stress of travelling. The actual getting to and returning
from our chosen destination is usually stressful and tiring. Airports are always in the
middle of nowhere and take hours to get to. It’s also expensive to get to them, too.
Then there’s the fact that you have to be at the airport at least an hour before your
departure, which adds more hours to all the travel. Let’s not forget, either, that even a
short hop to the nearest sunny resort is going to take at least a couple of hours and,
during the main holiday season, delays and strikes can mean getting stuck at the
airport. All too often, by the time you get to your holiday destination, you’ll be too
tired and miserable to enjoy your first day there.
One of the reasons we convince ourselves that going abroad is a good idea is
because we want to learn something about the place we’re going to visit. We might go
sightseeing around museums and archaeological sites and we hope we will absorb
some of the culture of the place while we’re there. But we’re just fooling ourselves. It
simply isn’t possible to learn anything meaningful about a culture in just two weeks.
We might learn a few words of the language and try some new food but we’re not
even so much as scratching the surface of a country’s culture when we spend most of
our time in a resort, sitting on a beach with hundreds of other tourists.
Now I don’t want to make you all feel too downhearted but there’s no getting
away from facts. In short, mass tourism is of very little value to local communities
and their environments. Package holidays are sold to us as a wonderful opportunity to
see the world cheaply, but we are being cheated. We spend two weeks away from
home in a resort where we will hardly get a chance to see what life in the country we
are visiting is like and where our presence is more likely to do harm than good.
It’s not that I’m completely against all travel, not at all. What I’m against is the
form of mass tourism that has developed in the 21 st century. I think we should go back
to the days when travel was a leisurely pursuit, when people would spend months
getting to know a place, learning the language and soaking up the culture.
Unfortunately, this form of travel isn’t possible for most of us as we only get a couple
of weeks off in the summer. But if you ever do get the chance to really spend time in
another country, then you should jump at it.
When the writer advises people not to go on holiday, she ________.
A. is being dishonest B. just joking C. really means it D. is being
unkind
According to the writer, airports are ________.
A. expensive B. difficult to get to C. badly organized D. difficult to find
The writer thinks that a two-week holiday ________.
is a good opportunity to go to museums
can help you learn a new language
isn’t long enough to learn about a country
gives people a chance to meet other tourists
The writer says that mass tourism ________.
A. benefits local people B. is a good way to travel cheaply
C. has few benefits D. is a way of stealing tourists’ money
On the whole, the writer believes that people should ________.
A. never travel abroad B. only travel if they have to
C. take holidays in their own country D. avoid mass tourism

Passage 5
Everyone is nervous when they go to an interview for a new job. But, being
well-prepared for the interview can really reduce your stress level when you walk in
the door to the interview room. One way to prepare for an interview is to think about
the typical questions interviewers ask. If you know which questions are likely to come
up in the interview, you can prepare your answers beforehand. Then, when you are
talking with the interviewer, you will make a much better impression.
Probably the most frequently asked question in any job interview is not really
a question at all. It is the request, “Tell me about yourself.” The interviewer’s purpose
in asking this question is to elicit information related to work and related to the job
opening. Some people make the mistake of taking this request literally, and answering
by giving their life history. In fact, the best points to focus on when answering this
question are past work experience, education, and extracurricular activities. Of these
three, in most cases work experience carries a lot more weight than where you went to
school or the clubs you were involved in.
Another very common question that comes up in interviews is “Why do you
want to work for this company?” A surefire way to get your name crossed off the
candidate list for a job is by not having an answer to this question. If you don’t have
an answer ready for this question, you are letting the interviewer know that you
haven’t done much research about the company or the job you are interviewing for.
Candidates who can give detailed answers about the perceived benefits of working for
a particular company make a much better impression on interviewers. Some good
things to brush up on before an interview are the company’s philosophy, goals,
products, organizational structure, and so forth.
Two other questions that many people find difficult in interviews are “What
are your strengths?” and “What is your biggest weakness?” People have a hard time
answering the first question because it feels like boasting in some ways. But an
interview is no time to be shy or modest! The second question poses a problem
because the answer needs to be a weakness that sounds like a strength. For example,
you could answer that sometimes you work too hard, especially trying to make up
work that a colleague is having trouble with or has not done. A good tip to keep in
mind is to mention how you are trying to improve this weakness. For example, you
could say that when you realize you are doing the work of others, you stop and ask
yourself if there is a better way to help out your coworker.
Along with considering these common interview questions, it is also helpful to
bear in mind the types of questions that should not be asked during an interview. In
many Western countries, in particular there are laws that restrict the kinds of questions
that employers can ask. For instance, questions related to ethnicity, family, health, or
religion are generally off limits in an interview. Sometimes interviewers may slip up
and ask questions along these lines before the official interview begins as a way to
break the ice. In such cases, you can decide how to respond if you don’t feel
comfortable giving the interviewer such personal information, simply don’t.
A final suggestion for preparing for an interview is to go into the interview with
your own questions to ask. By asking the interviewer questions about the company or
about the position, you are showing interest and enthusiasm for the job. Stay alert
during the interview for opportunities to naturally bring up one of the questions you
have prepared. Usually it is a good idea to write down five questions you would like
to ask, but don’t be surprised if you can’t ask all or any of them in the interview.
What is the passage mainly about?
actions to avoid during an interview
embarrassing interview experiences
body language that interviewers watch for
typical interview questions and responses
When asked to tell about yourself, what should be your main focus?
A. your family B. your hobbies
C. your past jobs D. kinds of work you enjoy
Which is NOT something that is important to know before an interview?
how the company plans to grow or change
the company’s philosophy
the background of the interviewer
the different departments of the company and how they relate to each other
According to the passage, which type of question is inappropriate for an interviewer
to ask?
How many children do you have?
Where did you last work?
What is one of your weak points?
Why do you want to work for this company?
Why should you prepare your own questions before the interview?
to let the interviewer know your strong points
to make the interview last longer
to help the interviewer feel relaxed
 to seem enthusiastic

Passage 6
Almost everyone accepts the fact that crime can never be wiped out entirely.
Thus, control of crime becomes the focus of police and governments around the
world. The question lawmakers must answer is, “Which system of criminal
punishment works best for society?” Each country has developed its own ideas for
solutions to this question, and these solutions then determine how criminals are
punished under different systems. However; there are four main ideas behind the
punishment of criminals, none of which has proven 100 percent effective. These are
deterrence, retribution, rehabilitation, and incapacitation.
The aim of deterrence is to prevent people from committing crimes by making
the penalties more severe than any benefit that might come from committing a crime.
This theory aims to deter criminal from repeating a crime in the future. These systems
also try to deter others in society by using the criminal as an example of what can
happen to a person if he or she is caught committing crimes.
Some systems look only to get retribution, or revenge, against criminals.
Retributive theories of punishment are behind the ancient expression, “an eye for an
eye, a tooth for a tooth.” This idea of getting even is the oldest form of justice. It says
that a criminal who causes a victim to suffer should be made to suffer him- or herself.
Rehabilitation is another philosophy by which many systems of punishment
operate. The goal of these systems is to return a former criminal to society after a
required period of treatment and training, usually in prison. The idea is to try to help
change the person’s behavior and attitude so that he or she becomes a law-abiding
citizen. A major problem with the current system of rehabilitation in the United States
is that most criminals return to crime after they have supposedly been rehabilitated.
Two-thirds of those released from prison each year are re-arrested within three years.
As a result, many people feel that rehabilitation of criminals just doesn’t work.
A goal of criminal punishments involving imprisonment is incapacitation. This
refers to the removing of the criminal from society by placing them in prison, where
they are physically incapable of reoffending. This type of punishment is displayed in
the “three strikes and you’re out laws of California, where a criminal who has
repeatedly committed crimes, and has been convicted of serious crimes three times, is
imprisoned for the rest of his or her life.
Imprisonment as a form of punishment is used in all countries of the world. In
2003, there were an estimated 8.75 million prisoners around the world. The country
with the largest prison population, by far, is the United States, with around two
million people behind bars.
The most extreme form of punishment is capital punishment, in which the
criminal is executed, or put to death. Today, capital punishment is still used in eighty-
three countries, usually for severe crimes such as murder; rape, kidnapping, and
treason. Another seventy-six countries have done away with it completely. In others,
capital punishment remains only officially in law books but is rarely used - fifteen
countries have capital punishment, but only enforce it during war time, while twenty-
one countries, despite officially retaining the death penalty, never enforce it.
Many people feel that society is becoming more dangerous, and that rates of crime are
increasing. In a recent survey in the United Kingdom, almost two-thirds of
respondents felt that crime had increased in the previous two years. However, actual
crime figures revealed that crime had decreased nine percent on the previous year and
was actually at its lowest rate in two decades. Why is there such a discrepancy
between perceived crime rates and actual crime rates? Many people point the finger at
the media. They think that the media’s heavy focus on crimes, particularly violent or
sensational ones, has led people to believe that crime rates are rocketing.
What is NOT discussed in this passage?
theories behind the punishment of criminals
different ways of punishing criminals
arguments against capital punishment
ways in which punishments vary in different countries
The fact that many criminals reoffend is a major argument against _________.
A. deterrence B. retribution C. rehabilitation D. incapacitation
In some ancient societies, a man who accidentally killed another man’s child would
have his own child put to death. This is an example of _________.
A. deterrence B. retribution C. rehabilitation. D.
incapacitation
How many countries around the world have the death penalty, at least in theory?
A. 76 B. 119 C. 98 D. 83
What did the survey performed in the United Kingdom reveal?
The media tend not to report violent crime.
Most people’s impression of crime rates is mistaken.
Britain is safer now than at any time in the past.
Crime rates have been increasing over the last two years.

Passage 7
THE NATURE OF RISK
A diver descends into an underwater cave, a scientist researches a dangerous
disease, and an entrepreneur’ invests in a new business.
Each time we try something new, we take a risk. Sometimes, like the diver or
the businessman, we take big risks, usually for obvious reasons - for fame, for money,
or to save lives. Most people will take some risk to achieve one of these goals. But as
the danger increases, the number of people willing to go forward decreases. Only
extreme risk-takers continue on. The question is: What exactly drives these people to
go on when others would stop?
The Biology of Risk
To answer this question, scientists are studying the biological factors involved
in risk-taking. Their research focuses on certain chemicals in the brain. An important
chemical in risk-taking is dopamine. It motivates us to seek out and learn new things,
and it helps us process emotions like anxiety and fear. People whose brains don’t
produce enough dopamine often lack motivation and interest in life. “On the other
hand, someone who takes risks to accomplish something – to climb a mountain or
start a company - that’s driven by motivation, and motivation is driven by dopamine,”
says Larry Zweifel, a neurobiologist at the University of Washington. “It’s what
compels humans to move forward.”
When we accomplish a task, dopamine produces a feeling of satisfaction; it
makes us feel good. The riskier the task, the more dopamine we produce, and the
better we feel. Given this, why isn’t everyone trying to climb mountains or start
businesses? In part, it’s because of small molecules called autoreceptors. These
receptors control dopamine use in the brain. A person with more autoreceptors tends
to be more careful, as there is less dopamine moving freely around his or her brain.
Think of dopamine like gasoline,” says neuropsychologist David Zald. The
autoreceptors, on the other hand, are like the brakes on a car. A person who is less able
to use brakes is more likely to take risks.
Dealing with Fear
Dopamine production may make us feel good, but being in a high-risk
situation for an extended period of time is also stressful and can be dangerous.
Successful risk-takers must learn to deal with the fear associated with high-risk
situations to reduce stress and stay safe.
In reality, adapting to risk is something we all learn to do. Take, for example,
learning to drive a car. At first, a new driver may be afraid to travel on freeways. In
time, though, as the driver gains experience, he or she will move comfortably into
speeding traffic and will worry less about the danger. Similarly, a tightrope walker
first learns to walk on a beam on the ground. Later, he or she moves to a rope just off
the ground, and then finally to the high wire. By this point, the tightrope walker is in
control and the activity doesn’t feel dangerous. By practicing a challenging activity,
humans can become used to the risk, manage the danger, and control the fear that they
feel in those situations.
The work that marine biologist and deep-sea diver Rhian Waller does
illustrates this well. She studies life in some of the deepest and coldest waters on
Earth. How does Waller control her fear and stay safe in these high-risk situations? “It
comes with practice,” she says. It’s knowing exactly what to do when something goes
wrong. “We prepare well for each of our expeditions, and we try to minimize the
number of risks we take.”
Of course, a person doesn’t have to be a tightrope walker or a deep-sea diver to
be a risk-taker. Taking risks is part of being human. We are all motivated to
experience new things. In order to do so, we have to take chances and, of course, we
may fail. But with enough practice, we might also succeed.
According to the article, what is a common reason for people to take large risks?
A. a desire for fame B. a lack of dopamine
C. to control motivation D. to learn new things
What is one of the main functions of dopamine?
A. It allows us to talk. B. It allows us to be alert.
C. It helps us process emotions. D. It makes us fear dangerous situations.
What do autoreceptors do?
 A. They make us less careful. B. They make us feel better.
C. They control dopamine in our brain. D. They connect molecules in our
brain.
What is the purpose of paragraph 5?
to show why driving and tightrope walking are such risky activities
to give examples of how practicing a risky activity can reduce fear of it
to illustrate how some people are attracted to risky activities while others aren’t
to explain why some activities are riskier and more dangerous than others
What can we infer about marine biologist Rhian Waller?
She has learned to adapt to risk.
She has been afraid of the ocean for most of her life.
She prefers to do her job when there is danger involved.
She thinks it is impossible to prepare for most risks.

Passage 8
THE POWER OF COLOUR
Thinkers, artists, and scientists have long debated the nature of color: What are
its origins, and how does it affect us?
Early humans watched their fires blacken the ceilings of the caves where they
lived. They saw blue and red in the sky and brown and green on the ground. In time,
people began to understand that color not only made the world more beautiful, it was
also able to convey emotion and symbolize power. Using colors they extracted from
insects, plants, and minerals, primitive humans copied animals, painting their bodies
to signal aggression toward an enemy or to attract a mate.
Over the centuries, the sources of colors such as blue, purple, and red were
carefully guarded and were often worth as much as gold. In the 19 th century, a young
chemistry student became the first to manufacture a synthetic dye, and suddenly the
world became a much more colorful place. By the 20 th century, as scientists
discovered the psychological effects of colors, everyone from advertisers to educators
found ways to make use of color to influence our feelings and behavior.
Red
Red, the color of human blood, has traditionally symbolized intensity, fire,
love, and anger. In Eastern cultures, it also represents luck, wealth, and success. In
humans, the color red can send different messages. Some people redden, for example,
when they are angry or embarrassed, sending a clear signal to others about how they
are feeling. British anthropologists Russell Hill and Robert Barton of the University
of Durham found that when opponents in a game are equally matched, the team
dressed in red is more likely to win. Why? According to Barton, “red seems to be the
color, across species, that signals dominance” - giving those dressed in red an
advantage in sporting events. In many animal species (including humans), contact
with this bold color causes the heart rate to accelerate. However, one of red’s lighter
shades, pink, can have the opposite effect on people. Men in prisons are reported to be
more passive when the walls are painted a specific shade of pink.
Humans have also used the color red in everything from politics to advertising. Many
food products in the U.S., for example, are packaged in red containers. Why? The
color makes the product look as if it is advancing toward a shopper.
Blue
Blue, the color of sky and sea, has long been associated in many cultures with
water, holy or religious objects, and protection against evil. Over the years, darker
shades of the color have also come to represent calm, stability, and power. Dark blue,
for example, is the color of the business suit or police uniform; it tells others, “I am in
control” or “You can trust me.” In other cultures, blue has been associated with
sadness. It’s common in English, for example, when feeling sad or depressed, to talk
about “feeling blue”, while in Iran, blue is the color of mourning, worn when a person
dies.
Like pink, blue has a neutral, calming effect on people. Rooms painted blue
help people relax or sleep. (Sleeping pills are often colored blue to suggest exactly
this idea.) The color also seems to inhibit hunger. Blue food is rarely seen in nature,
and when it is, such food is usually no longer healthy to consume (with the exception
of certain fruits like blueberries). Thus, eating off blue plates may reduce one’s
hunger. So if you’re planning to lose weight, try adding a blue light to your
refrigerator - it will make the food inside look less appetizing. It’s just one more
example of the power that color can hold over us.
What is this reading mainly about?
how color influences our lives
the various sources for extracting color
how views about color have changed
how certain colors can have a calming effect
The first non-natural colors were produced _______.
A. many centuries ago B. in the 19th century
C. in the 20th century D. only recently
According to the passage, which color can give sports team a competitive advantage?
A. black B. yellow C. blue D. red
In the last paragraph, this idea refers to _______.
A. inhibiting hunger B. blue food C. relaxation D. painting rooms
According to the passage, what do the colors pink and blue have in common?
A. They both have a calming effect. B. They both make people less
hungry.
C. They both express sadness. D. They both represent power.

Passage 9
History books record that the first film with sound was The Jau Singer in
1927. But sound films, or “talkies”, did not suddenly appear after years of silent
screenings. From the earliest public performances in 1896, films were accompanied
by music and sound effects. These were produced by a single pianist, a small band, or
a full-scale orchestra; large movie theaters could buy sound-effects machines.
Research into sound that was reproduced at exactly the same time as the
pictures – called “synchronized sound” – began soon after the very first films were
shown. With synchronized sound, characters on the movie screen could sing and
speak. As early as 1896, the newly invented gramophone, which played a large disc
carrying music and dialogue, was used as a sound system. The biggest disadvantage
was that the sound and pictures could become unsynchronized if, for example, the
gramophone needle jumped or if the speed of the projector changed. This system was
only effective for a single song or dialogue sequence.
In the “sound-on-film” system, sounds were recorded as a series of marks on
celluloid which could be read by an optical sensor. These signals would be placed on
the film alongside the image, guaranteeing synchronization. Short feature films were
produced in this way as early as 1922. This system eventually brought us “talking
pictures”.
The passage is mainly about the ______.
A. development of sound with movies B. research into reproduction
C. disadvantages of synchronized sound D. history of silent movies
According to the passage, films using sound effects were screened ______.
A. in 1927 B. as early as 1896 C. as early as 1922 D. before
1896
It can be inferred that ______.
A. orchestras couldn’t synchronize sound with the pictures
B. sound-effects machines were not common because they were expensive
C. gramophones were developed about the same time as moving pictures
D. most movie theaters had a pianist
According to the passage, gramophones were ineffective because they ______.
A. were too large for most movie theaters
B. got out of synchronization with the picture
C. were newly invented and still bad imperfections
D. changed speeds when the needle jumped
According to the passage, sound-on-film guaranteed synchronization because the
recording was _________.
A. read by an optical sensor B. made during the filming of the picture
C. inserted beside the image on the film D. marked on the gramophone

Passage 10
Telecommunicating is a form of computer communication between
employees’ homes and offices. For employees whose jobs involve sitting at a terminal
or word processor entering data or typing reports, the location of the computer is of no
consequence. If the machine can communicate over telephone lines, when the work is
completed, employees can dial the office computer from a distant site and transmit the
material to their employers. A recent survey in USA Today estimates that there are
approximately 8.7 million telecommuters. But although the numbers are rising
annually, the trend does not appear to be as significant as predicted when Business
Week published "The Portable Executive" as its cover story a few years ago. Why
hasn't telecommuting become more popular?
Clearly, change simply takes time. But in addition, there has been active
resistance on the part of many managers. These executives claim that supervising the
telecommuters in a large work force scattered across the country would be too
difficult, or, at least, systems for managing them are not yet developed, thereby
complicating the manager's responsibilities.
It is also true that employees who are given the option of telecommuting are often
reluctant to accept the opportunity. Most people feel that they need regular interaction
with a group, and many are concerned that they will not have the same consideration for
advancement if they are not more visible in the office setting. Some people feel that
even when a space in their homes is set aside as a work area, they never really get
away from the office.
The author mentions all of the following as concerns of telecommuters
EXCEPT_____.
A. the lack of interaction with a group B. the different system of
supervision
C. the fact that the work space is in the home D. the opportunities for
advancement
How many American workers are involved in telecommuting?
A. More than 8 million B. More than predicted in Business Week
C. Fewer than estimated in USA Today D. Fewer than last year
It can be inferred from the passage that the author is _______.
A. the manager of a group of telecommuters B. a reporter
C. a telecommuter D. a statistician
The word "resistance" could best be replaced by_______.
A. participation B. consideration C. opposition D. alteration
Which of the following is the main topic of the passage?
A. A definition of telecommuting B. The advantages of telecommuting
C. An overview of telecommuting D. The failure of telecommuting

Passage 11
Because writing has become so important in our culture, we sometimes think
of it as more real than speech. A little thought, however, will show why speech is
primary and writing is secondary to language. Human beings have been writing (as far
as we can tell from surviving evidence) for at least 5000 years; but they have been
talking for much longer, doubtless ever since there have been human beings.
When writing did develop, it was derived from and represented speech,
although imperfectly. Even today, there are spoken languages that have no written
form. Furthermore, we all learn to talk well before we learn to write; any human child
who is not severely handicapped physically or mentally will learn to talk: a normal
human being cannot be prevented from doing so. On the other hand, it takes a special
effort to learn to write; in the past many intelligent and useful members of society did
not acquire the skill, and even today many who speak languages with writing systems
never learn to read or write, while some who learn the rudiments of those skills do so
only imperfectly.
To affirm the primacy of speech over writing is not, however, to disparage the
latter. One advantage writing has over speech is that it is more permanent and makes
possible the records that any civilization must have. Thus, if speaking makes us
human, writing makes us civilized.
In the passage, the author judges that_______.
A. writing has more advantages than speech
B. speech is essential but writing has important benefits
C. speech conveys ideas less accurately than writing does
D. writing is more real speech.
The following statements are true EXCEPT_______.
A. writing was derived from speech B. we can talk before we can write
C. every spoken language has written form D. men have been writing for at
least 5000 years
The word “doubtless” in the passage mostly means_______.
A. almost certainly B. almost uncertainly
C. almost impossibly D. almost doubtfully
In order show that learning to write requires effort, the author gives the example
of............
A. intelligent who could not write B. people who learn the rudiments of
speech
C. people who speak many languages D. severely handicapped children
According to the passage, writing_______.
A. is imperfect, but less so than speech B. is represented perfectly by
speech
C. represents speech, but not perfectly D. developed from imperfect
speech

Passage 12
Psychologists have debated a long time about whether a child’s upbringing can
give it the ability to do outstandingly well. Some think that it is impossible to develop
genius and say that it is simply something a person is born with. Others, however,
argue that the potential for great achievement can be developed. The truth lies
somewhere between these two extremes.
It seems very obvious that being born with the right qualities from gifted parents
will increase a child’s ability to do well. However, this ability will be fully realized
only with the right upbringing and opportunities. As one psychologist says, “To have
a fast car, you need both a good engine and fuel.”
Scientists have recently assessed intelligence, achievement, and ability in 50
sets of identical twins that were separated shortly after birth and brought up by
different parents. They found that achievement was based on intelligence, and later
influenced by the child’s environment.
One case involving very intelligent twins was quoted. One of the twins
received a normal upbringing, and performed well. The other twin, however, was
brought up by extremely supportive parents and given every possible opportunity to
develop its abilities. That twin, though starting out with the same degree of
intelligence as the other, performed even better.
This case reflects the general principle of intelligence and ability. The more
favorable the environment, the more a child’s intelligence and ability are developed.
The word “others” used in the first paragraph refers to .
A. other people B. other scientists C. other children D. other
geniuses
When scientists studied intelligence and ability in twins, they found that .
A. ability depends mainly on intelligence and achievement
B. intelligence and development are irrelevant to ability
C. ability depends both on intelligence and on environment
D. different twins generally have different levels of ability.
Scientists chose twins for their study because .
A. each twin has the same environment as his/her twin
B. they are born into the same family, hence the same upbringing
C. they have the same economic background and hence the same opportunities
D. they have the same genetic background, usually with similar intelligence
The writer advises that gifted children should be allowed to follow .
A. their own interests B. their parent’s interests
C. only their interests in musical instruments D. only their interests in
computer games
The remark: “To have a fast car, you need both a good engine and fuel.” in the
passage means that in order to become a genius .
A. you need to have good health and good nourishment
B. you need intelligence and you need to develop it
C. you should try to move quickly and efficiently
D. you must nourish your brain and train your muscles hard

Passage 13
The goal of Internet-based encyclopedia Wikipedia (www.wikipedia.org) is to
give everyone on the planet access to information. Like other encyclopedias,
Wikipedia contains lots of information: more than 2.5 million articles in 200 different
languages covering just about every subject. Unlike other encyclopedias, however,
Wikipedia is not written by experts, but by ordinary people. These writers are not
paid and their names are not published. They contribute to Wikipedia simply because
they want to share their knowledge.
Encyclopedias began in ancient times as collections of writings about all aspects
of human knowledge. The word itself comes from ancient Greek, and means “a
complete general education”. Real popularity for encyclopedias came in the
nineteenth century in Europe and the United States, with the publication of
encyclopedias written for ordinary readers. At first, Wikipedia, the brainchild of
Jimmy Wales, a businessman in Chicago, was not so different from these. In 2001, he
had the idea for an Internet-based encyclopedia that would provide information
quickly and easily to everyone. Furthermore, that information would be available free,
unlike other Internet encyclopedias at that time.
 But Wales, like everyone else, believed that people with special knowledge
were needed to write the articles, and so he began by hiring experts. He soon changed
his approach; however, as it took them a long time to finish their work. He decided to
open up the encyclopedia in a radical new way, so that everyone would have access
not only to the information, but also to the process of putting this information online.
Wikipedia is a(n) __________ .
A. book B. journal C. article D. dictionary
Wikipedia is written by___________.
A. paid written B. millionaires C. normal peopleD. world experts
The phrase “these writers” in the first paragraph refers to _______.
A. ordinary readers B. ordinary people
C. encyclopedia experts D. every subject
The phrase “the word” in the second paragraph refers to ________.
A. knowledge B. encyclopedia C. writing D. collection
We can say that Jimmy Wales _______.
A. became very famous after the formation of Wikipedia
B. is the father of Wikipedia
C. made a great profit from Wikipedia
D. decides who can use Wikipedia

Passage 14
The diseases that are afflicting the Western societies have undergone dramatic
changes. In the course of a century, so many mass killers have vanished that two-thirds of
all deaths are now associated with the diseases of old age. Those who died young are more
often than not the victims of accidents, violence and suicide.
These changes in public health are generally equated with progress and are
attributed to more or better medical care. In fact, there is no evidence of any direct relation
between changing disease patterns and the so-called progress of medicine. The importance
of services to change life expectancy and the insignificance of much contemporary clinical
care in the curing of disease are all obvious, well documented and well-repressed.
Neither the proportion of doctors in a population, nor the clinical tools at their
disposal, nor the number of hospital beds, are causal factors in the striking changes in
overall patterns of disease. The new techniques available to recognize and treat such
conditions as pernicious anemia and hypertension, or to correct congenital malformation by
surgical interventions, increase our understanding of disease but do not reduce its incidence.
The fact that there are more doctors where certain diseases have become rare has little to do
with their ability to control or eliminate them. It simply means that doctors deploy
themselves as they like, more so than other professionals, and that they tend to gather where
the climate is healthy, where the water is clean, and where people work and can pay for
their services.
The passage argues that ___________.
A. Western societies are facing many mass-killers.
B. Accidents kill many people at once
C. the most common cause of deaths in Western societies is old age
 D. Violence results from modern life styles
The writer claims that evidence of medicine’s inadequacies ___________.
A. is widely accepted B. has been destroyed
C. has been kept quiet D. should not be publicized
The author thinks that the presence of a large numbers of doctors in a community
___________.
A. disguises the true facts about disease B. improves the overall quality of life
C. does not have much effect on disease D. controls the spread of disease
Many doctors choose to live where ___________.
A. they are most needed B. conditions discourage disease
C. they can be near the colleagues D. research facilities are available
What is the author’s attitude to developments in medicine?
A. cautious B. indifferent C. matter- of - fact D. cynical

Passage 15
Did you know that if you want your pet cat to live as long as possible you
should choose an ordinary female cat, keep a close eye on her in spring and summer,
and make sure that she is not black or black and white? It has been discovered that
male cats wander further from home, and of large number of cats killed on the roads
in spring and summer, a surprisingly high percentage are black or black and white.
Did you know, too, that domestic cats regard their owners as fellow members
of the cat family and make many more sounds to us than they do to other cats when
living in groups? They have worked out that we communicate by sound - and so learn
a vocabulary we will understand to get their massage over.
The way cats have learned to live with, and be looked after by man, without losing
their hunting and killing abilities or their mental independence, is a good reason for
studying them, some scientists say.
A study of the suburban cats in Barking in Essex showed that outside the home
they adopted the same hunting and exploring habits as wild cats, the female cats
covered a territory limited to house and garden, while male cats travelled over an area
ten times as large.
Though many people think the opposite, a cat is very practical about defending
its territory. Its attitude depends on its confidence about the cat it faces following the
experience of its previous meetings. Females and young males often hide when fierce
adult males turn up on their territory.
Female cats seem to feel no tension between their affectionate relationships
with humans and their life "in the wild". It is the male cats which occasionally show
signs of anxiety indicating that they are suffering from strain.
Why do cats make a wider range of sounds when communicating with people?
They are used to doing this with other cats.
They are taught to do so by their owners.
They are copying human behaviour.
They wish to be considered human beings.
Why are domestic cats of special interest to scientists?
 They are fierce and clever hunters.
They have been domesticated for a very long time.
They have lost all traces of wild behaviour.
They lead both wild and domesticated lives.
In what ways are wild cats and domestic cats alike?
A. They cover a wide territory. B. They tend to fight.
C. They hunt and explore. D. They like to be alone.
When on their own territory cats _________.
A. hide from all strange cats B. allow only familiar cats to cross
C. chase larger cats D. allow fierce cats to cross
Compared with female cats, male cats tend to_________.
A. be mostly black and white B. show less affection to humans
C. hunt more successfully D. suffer more frequently from nervous
strain

Passage 16
Life on Mars
From the days of the ‘Martian canals’, once thought by many to have been
made by an intelligent civilization but later proved to be an optical illusion, to our
current preoccupation with gathering data in the hope of providing us with more
information, our fascination with the Red Planet continues.
In the early days of space exploration, visits were restricted to ‘fly-bys’, such
as those by the Mariner probes, whereby craft would simply pass the planet, taking
pictures and obtaining data as they went. The Viking ‘orbiters’ were next, and later
craft in the Viking series, known as ‘Landers’, began to probe the mysteries of its
surface, equipped with instruments which continued to relay data about the
environment until they stopped working.
The more recent ‘Rovers’ move around the planet’s surface as they gather
information. Current proposals include missions to study terrain, climate, and soil
components, in order to determine, amongst other things, whether the planet can ever
have supported carbon-based life forms. Scientists now believe that at some stage the
planet cooled dramatically, resulting in the near-loss of its atmosphere and, thanks to
erosion features, mineral deposits and other factors, it is also believed that liquid
water once flowed there.
One of the most recent craft is Phoenix, a Rover which landed in November
2008. Named after the mythological bird, Phoenix’s mission was to obtain samples
from beneath the surface by digging into the arctic ice, while its high-resolution
camera provided geological data and other equipment scanned the atmosphere,
measuring temperature and pressure in a bid to discover whether the chemicals
necessary for life might exist beneath the surface. The craft was expected to send back
data for three months, but managed to hold out for a further two.
An especially important part of the project was the need to maintain sterility of the
equipment, in order to ensure that any organic material collected was not
contaminated by ‘hitchhiking’ terrestrial microbes.
 In the future manned landings may be possible – and though it may seem an
outrageously difficult undertaking, plans have already been discussed for the
‘terraforming’ of the planet - giving it an atmosphere, oceans and a terrain similar to
earth, with the possibility of human colonisation.
A fly-by is a ________
A. A photograph of a planet. B. way of collecting information.
C. type of spacecraft. D. an airplane
According to the writer, what is one of the factors that suggests that Mars once had
liquid water?
A. The wearing away of areas on its surface.
B. The fact that there is ice on the planet.
C. The fact that it once had breathable air.
D. The fact that it has materials beneath the surface.
How long did Phoenix remain active for?
A. three months B. five months C. two months D. four months
What were the scientists connected with the Phoenix mission particularly concerned
about?
A. The danger that people might try to stow away on the spacecraft.
B. The need to maintain the data-gathering equipment.
C. The risk that equipment might transport organisms from Earth to Mars.
D. Organic material collected
How does the writer feel about the possibility of human beings going to Mars?
A. It might be hard, but it’s not impossible. B. It would be much too difficult
a task.
C. It is difficult to say. D. It will happen and has already been
planned.

Passage 17
Earthquakes

Earthquakes are natural disasters that humans cannot control. Sometimes earthquakes
can
be very dangerous and people need to know more about where earthquakes come from, and
how to protect themselves from them and any other natural disasters.
Earthquakes are the shaking, rolling or sudden shock of the earth’s surface.
They are the Earth’s natural means of releasing pressure. More than a million occur in
the world each year. Earthquakes can be felt over large areas although they usually
last less than a minute. However, earthquakes cannot be predicted although scientists
are still working on the problem.
There are about 20 plates along the surface of the earth that move continuously
and slowly past each other. When the plates squeeze or stretch, huge rocks form at
their edges and the rocks shift with great force, causing an earthquake. As the plates
move, they put forces on themselves and each other. When the force is large enough,
the crust is forced to break.
 Shaking and ground breaking are the main effects created by earthquakes,
principally resulting in more or less severe damage to buildings and other structures.
The severity of the effect depends on the complex combination of the earthquake
magnitude. Ground break is a major risk for large engineering structures such as
dams, bridges and nuclear power stations and requires careful mapping of existing
faults to identify any likely to break the ground surface within the life of the structure.
1. The above reading is mainly about
A. the destruction caused by earthquakes B. protecting people from
earthquakes
C. describing a violent earthquake D. why and where earthquakes occur
2. Earthquake are considered natural disaster because
A. they are man-made B. man has no control over them
C. man can control them D. they are always expected
3. What does the shaking of the ground result in?
A. damage to buildings and structures B. releasing energy into air
C. breaking and shifting of rocks D. All of the above
4. Earthquakes are considered disastrous for people and properties because:
A. earthquakes happen in cities B. man can control them
C. they are unpredictable D. they result in little destruction
5. According to the text, how long does an earthquake usually last?
A. few minutes B. less than a minute
C. more than a minute D. exactly a minute

Passage 18
The renowned Boston Symphony Orchestra gave its inaugural concert on
October 22, 1881. It has continued to uphold the vision of its founder, the
philanthropist, Civil War veteran, and amateur musician Henry Lee Higginson, who
dreamed of founding a great and permanent orchestra in Boston for many years. The
first concert was given under the direction of conductor Georg Henschel, who
remained music director until 1884. For nearly twenty years, concerts were held in the
Old Boston Music Hall, then in Symphony Hall from 1900, one of the world's most
highly regarded concert halls. Henschel was succeeded by a series of German born
and trained conductors: Wilhelm Gericke, Arthur Nikisch, Emil Paur, and Max Fiedler
- culminating in the appointment of the legendary Karl Muck, who served two terms
as music director, 1906 - 08 and 1912 - 18.
Meanwhile, in July 1885, the musicians of the Boston Symphony Orchestra
had given their first "Promenade “, concert, offering both music and refreshments.
This fulfilled Major Higginson's with to give "concerts of a lighter kind of music."
These concerts, soon to be given in the springtime and renamed, first "Popular " and
then "Pops”, fast became a tradition. Recording, began with the Victor Talking
Maching Company (predecessor to RCA Victor) in 1917, and continued with
increasing frequency, as did radio broadcasts.
In 1918 Henri Rabaud was engaged as conductor; he was succeeded a year
later by Pierre Monteux. There appointments marked the beginning of a French-
oriented tradition which was maintained, even during the Russian-born Serge
Koussevitzky's time from 1924, with the employment of many French-trained
musicians. Koussevitzky's extraordinary musicianship and electric personality proved
so enduring that he served an unprecedented term of twenty-five years. Regular
radio broadcasts of Boston Symphony concerts began during Koussevitzky's years as
music director. In 1936 Koussevitzky led the orchestra's first concerts in the
Berkshires; a year later he and the players took up annual summer residence at
Tanglewood. Koussevitzky passionately shared Majoy Higginson's dream of " a good
honest school for musicians, " and in 1940 that dream was realized with the founding
of the Berkshire Music Center (now called the Tanglewood Music Center).
1. In the first paragraph, Henry Lee Higginson is described as _______
A. an amateur conductor B. a war historian
C. a visionary D. a philanthropist
2. The word “inaugural” in line 1 is closet in meaning to________
A. demonstration B. practice C. first D. official
3. The word “legendary” in line 9 is closest in meaning to________
A. notorious B. fabulous C. lengthy D. talented
4. The word “unprecedented” in line 20 is closest in meaning to________
A. unique B. remarkable C. important D. continuous
5. Which of the following musical directors served the longest?
A. Georg Henschel B. Serge Koussevitsky
C. Karl Muck D. Pierre Monteux

Passage 19
Started in 1636, Harvard University is the oldest of all the colleges and
universities in the United States. Yale, Princeton, Columbia and Dartmouth were
opened soon after Harvard. They were all started before the American Revolution
made the thirteen colonies into states.
In the early years, these schools were much alike, and only young men attended
college. All the students studied the same subjects, and everyone learned Latin, Greek
and Hebrew. Little was known about science then, and one kind of school could teach
everything that was known about the world. When the students graduated, most of
them became ministers or teachers.
In 1782, Harvard started a medical school for young men who wanted to become
doctors. Later, lawyers could receive their training in Harvard's law school. In 1825
Harvard began teaching modern languages, such as French and German, as well as
Latin and Greek. Soon it began teaching American history.
As knowledge increased, Harvard and other colleges began to teach many new
subjects. Students were allowed to choose the subjects that interested them.
Special colleges for women were started. New state universities began to teach
such subjects as farming, engineering and business. Today, there are many different
kinds of colleges and universities. Most of them are divided into smaller schools that
deal with special fields of learning. There is so much to learn that one kind of school
cannot offer it all.
1. Of the four universities in the United State, ______________ has the longest
history.
A. Yale
B. Columbia
C. Princeton
D. Harvard
2. From the passage we can infer that ______________
A. universities have changed a lot over the years.
B. students studied to become teachers and ministers.
C. colleges and universities are the same.
D. they were not very alike in the early years.
3. As knowledge increased colleges began to teach _______________.
A. everything that was known.
B. many new subjects.
C. Latin Greek and Hebrew. D. French and German.
4. On the whole, this passage is about ______________.
A. how colleges have changed. B. how to start a university.
C. the American Revolution. D. the world-famous colleges in
America.
5. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. There is more to learn today than in the 17th century.
B. Harvard University and four others started during the American Revolution.
C. Harvard University and four others began when the American Revolution
was over.
D. A university is as large as a college.

Passage 20
The attraction between dolphins and people goes back thousands of years.
Ancient Greek artists decorated coins, pottery, and walls with pictures of dolphins,
and the animals appear in Greek and Roman mythology. The ancient Greeks
considered the common dolphin sacred to the god Apollo. For centuries, sailors have
regarded the presence of dolphins near ships as a sign of a smooth voyage.
On the other hand, hunters of several nations, including Sri Lanka and Japan,
kill thousands of dolphins annually. The dolphins provide meat eaten by people and
animals, and the oil from their body is used as a lubricant. In addition, millions of
dolphins have drown in fishing nets that were intended to catch cod, salmon, and
other kinds of fishes. Tuna fishing crews have been responsible for the largest number
of these death among dolphins. In 1990, leading U.S. tuna-canning companies
announced that they would refuse tuna caught in nets that also kill dolphins.
Since the mid-1900’s, hundreds of dolphins have been trained to perform in
shows presented by aquariums, zoos, and amusement parks. Scientists conduct
various types of research on dolphins to understand their complex communication
systems.
What does the phrase the animals refer to?
 A. The animals in general B. The dolphins
C. All the animals including dolphins. D. All the animals without dolphins.
What would sailors do when they saw dolphins?
A. They thought that they would have a good voyage.
B. They believed that dolphins would bring them good meals.
C. They would drive the dolphins away.
D. They would try to catch dolphins for food.
What is the main idea of the second paragraph?
A. Dolphins are killed by tuna fishing crews.
B. Dolphins are hunted because of their meat.
C. The many reasons why dolphins die.
D. People prefer cod and salmon to dolphins.
Why do people hunt dolphins?
A. Because companies refuse to accept tuna.
B. Because hunting them is a good sport.
C. Because they can make dolphins perform for money.
D. To get oil for lubricant and meat for food.
What is the purpose of scientists’ research on dolphins?
A. To show that they are useful animals.
B. To stress the importance of dolphins in amusement parks.
C. To understand their communication system.
D. To prove that dolphins need protecting.

Passage 21
The best age to be

Childhood is the time when there are few responsibilities to make life difficult.
If a child has good parents, he is fed, looked after and loved, whatever he may do. It is
improbable he will ever gain in his life given so much without having to do anything
in turn. In addition, life is always presenting new things to the child – things that have
lost their interest for older people because they are too well- known. A child finds
pleasure playing in the rain, or in the snow. His first visit to the seaside is a marvelous
adventure. But a child has pain: he is not so free to do as he wishes as he thinks older
people are; he is continually told not to do things, or being punished for what he has
done wrong. His life is therefore not perfectly happy.
When a young man starts to earn his own living, he becomes free from the
discipline of school or parents, but at the same time he is forced to accept
responsibilities. He can no longer expect others to pay for his food, his clothes and his
room, but he has to work if he wants to live comfortably. If he spends most time
playing about in the way he used to as a child, he will go hungry. And if he breaks the
laws of the society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may go to prison. If,
however, he works hard, keeps out of trouble and has good health, he can have the
greatest happiness of seeing himself make steady progress in his job and of building
up for himself his own position in society.
 Old age has always been thought of as the worst age to be, but it is not necessary
for the old to be unhappy. With old age come wisdom and the ability to help others
with advice wisely given. The old can have the joy of seeing their children making
progress in life, they can watch their children growing up around them, and perhaps
best of all, they can, if their life has been a useful one, feel the happiness of having
come through the battle of life safely and of having reached a time when they can lie
back and rest, leaving others to continue the fight.
1. It is stated in the passage that
A. a young man accepts a lot of responsibilities. B. childhood is the best age
to be.
C. a person can be happy at any age. D. old age is the worst age.
2. What makes life difficult according to the author?
A. laws of society B. responsibilities
C. discipline D. All are correct.
3. Old people are not interested in new things presented to children because:
A. These are too familiar B. They are impossible
C. Children are imaginative D. These things are famous
4. A child’s life is not perfectly happy because
A. he is not free to do as he wishes.
B. he is continually being told not to do things.
C. he is punished for what he has done.
D. All are correct.
5. According to the author a young man
A. is happier than a child because he is free from discipline of school and parents.
B. is happier than a child because he starts to earn his own living.
C. is happier than a child because he can spend most of his time playing about.
D. A and B are correct.

Passage 22
When you are being interviewed for a job, remember that it’s normal for many
people to be nervous, particularly in such a stress-producing situation. There are
plenty of jobs-indeed, probably most-where a little nervousness isn’t looked at
askance. It does help to dry a damp brow or a clammy hand just before meeting the
interviewer, but otherwise, don’t be too concerned about the outward manifestations
of your nervousness. Experienced interviewers will discount most physical signs of
nervousness. The only one that people have a hard time ignoring is a fidgety hand.
Interviewees who constantly twist their hands or make movements that are
dramatically distracting are calling to their nervousness.
Remember that interviewers talk to people in order to hire, not because they
enjoy embarrassing, uneasy applicants. One way to overcome a flustered feeling, or
“butterflies in the stomach”, is to note that interviewers want to hire people who have
something offer the company. If interviewers think you will fit into their organization,
you will be the one who is sought after. It’s almost as if you are interviewing them to
see if they are good enough for you.
1. According to the passage, the outward sign of nervousness that most attracts the
attention of interviewers is _______________.
A. a damp brow B. clammy hands
C. restless hand gesture D. jittery stomach
2. An interviewer is someone who ___________________.
A. is looking for a job B. seeks facts from prospective employees
C. has already hired you D. is always on the lockout to trip
applicants
3. It can be inferred from the passage that overcoming nervousness is matter of
_____________.
A. wiping your head and hands before entering the interview room
B. taking several tranquilizers before the interview
C. being dramatic and aggressive
D. realizing that interviews are two-sided and making the most of it.
4. “Butterflies in the stomach” means ______________.
A. a nervous feeling B. feeling of happiness
C. woes D. sufferings
5. The word “discount” means ____________.
A. remember B. ignore C. discontinues D. discharge

Passage 23
When most people think of Mevil Dewey, they think of the classification
system cataloguing and arranging books and pamphlets in libraries that he devised in
the second half the nineteenth century. This system classifies books and other
publications into ten major categories, according to topic area; each category is
further subdivided by number. Dewey was fortunate enough to see his Decimal
System adopted by libraries throughout the world, including 96 percent of the public
and 89 percent of the college libraries in the United States.
However, in addition to developing his classification system, Dewey also
helped found the American Library Association, established the first library school in
America, set up the Lake Placid Club, and worked out his own orthography. He
regarded the spelling system of English as nuisance and a great waste or time. He
called for the simplification of the language, and insisted that once spelling was freed
from complexities and absurdities inherited from the past and made uniform, three
years could be saved in a child's education. His zeal was such that not only used his
simplified spelling exclusively but would also correct the spelling in his mail as he
read through it.
1. What is the theme of the second paragraph?
Dewey's attitudes toward the correspondence he received
Dewey's activities beyond his classification
system.
Development in nineteenth-century education
Developments in the orthography of American English.
2. The word "called for" in line ten is closest in meaning to _________.
 A. proclaimed B. designed C. demanded D. cherished
3. From the passage, it can be inferred that the Dewey Decimal system was adopted by
________.
A higher proportion of public than college libraries in the United
States
A majority of public libraries throughout the world.
All but 4 percent of the college libraries in the United Sates.
Most of the college libraries around the world.
4. Dewey's major claim to fame rests on his ___________.
A. founding of the American Library Association
B. simplified spelling system
C. library classification system
D. founding of the Lake Placid Club
5. Dewey claimed that his orthography would ____________.
A. reflect inherited complexities B. be regarded as the spelling system
of English
C. be used exclusively in letters D. make educating children more
efficient.

Passage 24
The planet Earth is 4,600 million years old. It is difficult for us to think about such
an enormous length of time because it has little meaning for us. We can, however,
simplify the idea to make it more understandable. We can compare the planet Earth to a
person of forty six years of age.
Nothing is known about the first seven years of this person’s life. Very little information
exists about the middle period either. It was only at the age of forty-two that the Earth
began to flower.
Dinosaurs and great reptiles did not appear until one year ago, when the planet
was forty-five. Mammals only arrived eight months ago. In the middle of last week, man-
like apes became ape-like men and began to communicate with each other. Last weekend,
the Ice Age covered the Earth.
Modern man has only been around for four hours. During the last hour man discovered
agriculture. The Industrial Revolution and the rise of large cities began just six hours ago.
During the short time, modern man has made a rubbish tip of the Earth. In one
minute, he has increased his numbers to terrible proportions, and has caused the death of
hundreds of species of animals. He has robbed and destroyed the planet in his search for
fuels. Now he stands, like a violent, spoilt child, delighted at the speed of his rise to
power, on the edge of final mass destruction and killing all the life which exists in the
solar system.
1. The passage tells us about that
A. a great deal is known about how the Earth was created.
B. life on Earth has begun relative recently.
C. more is known about the first part of the Earth’s life than the middle part.
D. scientists are well-informed about the middle part of the Earth’s life.
2. We are informed by the author that
A. the dinosaurs appeared during the middle period.
B. mammals and great reptiles both appeared at the same time.
C. there were more than forty-five kinds of great reptiles.
D. ape-like man appeared before the last Ice Age.
3. The author is mainly interested in
A. the time when man first evolved from apes.
B. what has happened since the Industrial Revolution.
C. the effects of farming.
D. the period before the last Ice Age.
4. It would appear that the main danger ahead is that
A. man will destroy everything on Earth. B. man will use up all the fuels.
C. there will be a population explosion. D. more species of animal may die out.
5. The author’s general view of man seems to be that
A. he has no right to be so destructive. B. he has been the most successful
animal.
C. he will be able to control the environment. D. he has learned a lot from past
mistakes.

Passage 25
Unilever, one of the world’s biggest producers of consumer goods, is trying to
be the first foreign company to list domestic A shares in China. There have been
reports that China’ s securities regulatory authorities are considering revising
regulations concerning the criteria for companies seeking domestic listings, which
could allow foreign capitals entry into A shares available to domestic investors.
But a senior researcher with a government think-tank said allowing foreign
companies to list A shares will take some time.
“The permission would require the speeding up of the merging of AB share
markets, which is still proceeding slowly,” he said. Today, most of the A-share stocks
are state-owned companies and foreign investors are not allowed to list or trade A
shares. Unilever has set up 14 joint ventures in China, with a total investment of
US$800 million, company statistics indicate.
Which of the following is incorrect? ______________.
A. It’s difficult to be listed in China for foreign companies.
B. Foreigners are not allowed to buy A share stocks.
C. Unilever hopes to make breakthrough in listing in China.
D. AR share markets will soon be unified
Unilever is ______________.
A. one of the world’ s biggest companies
B. one of the world’ s biggest producers of consumer goods
C. a large company listed in China
D. a large foreign company which is listing in the B-share market
Which of the following is false? ______________.
A. Unilever is applying for listing in China.
 B. Unilever is famous for producing consumer goods.
C. No foreign companies are allowed to be listed in China at present.
D. Unilever has been listed in the W-share market.
‘Think-tank' means ______________.
A. the tank for thinking B. a kind of container for holding oil
C. a group of experts D. thinking about how to make a tank
At present Unilever has invested US$ ___________ in China according to the
company statistics.
A. 800,000 B. 80,000,000 C. 800,000,000 D. 8,000,000

Passage 26
Recently, the Ministry of Education and local education departments worked
out specific measure to relieve academic pressure on primary and middle school
students. Such a move, aiming to promote the student’s overall development, has been
applauded by children and their parents. However, because the reform conflicts with
China’s traditional school system and the unchanged university entrance exam,
whether it can be successfully carried out remains to be seen, according to an article
in Outlook Weekly, a Beijing-based magazine.
Under the current 100-mark system, which has been used for some 40 years,
scores were previously considered as indispensable to assessment of a pupil's
academic performance. To gain the highest score possible, most primary school pupils
are expected to work on homework several hours each day.
They also have to attend extra courses during holidays to pass the make-up
exams.
Chinese academic requirements in primary and high schools have long been higher
than their Western counterparts. Experts argued that it is beyond the ability of the
teenagers, which dissipates students’ confidence and enthusiasm in learning, the
magazine said.
To promote the quality of education instead of concentrating exclusively
contest scores, the ministry has completed its revision of the educational programme
that covers 10 subjects in the nine-year compulsory education.
Beginning this spring, the urban primary school will replace the 100-mark
grading system with the one which uses letter grades.
Schools will also be required to control the amount of homework, and no
homework will be given to first and second-grade primary students, according to the
new guidelines.
But students’ burden cannot be fundamentally eased without reforming the
national university entrance exam.

Who has applauded to promote the student's overall development?

A. Government B. Children C. Parents D. Both B&C
Which will be adopted in the urban primary schools?
Letter - grading system
100 mark - system
 Revision of the educational programme that covers 10 subjects in the nine-
year compulsory education.
Students have to attend extra courses during holidays
What is the experts' opinion?
A. They are for the reform B. They are against the reform
C. They have no idea D. They wait for the Government's
decision
The students' burden can be fundamentally eased _____________
without reforming the national university entrance exam.
B. when there will be no more homework
C. only when the national university entrance exam is reformed
D. when using a new grading system
"Indispensable" can be understood as ___________
A. unnecessary B. necessary C. possible D. impossible

Passage 27
Shopping online makes sense for consumers - the web can save both money
and time, and offers them the convenience of a very large selection of products. A
recent Harris Interactive survey, commissioned by Tealeaf, a specialist in customer
experience management software, revealed that in the UK, over half of all online
adults (52 per cent) generally prefer to do business online (compared to 41 per cent in
person).
But what happens when a consumer tries to purchase online and something is
goes wrong? Perhaps they are not allowed to log in, or their shopping cart
mysteriously empties, or the site returns an unclear error message. In a physical store,
an assistant might be found to help, as leaving
For online business success, it is important to have an effective, intuitive
website, or frustrated online customers will go straight to competitors. The impact of
poor online customer experiences is much bigger than many might think. The Harris
survey identified a high level of consumer abandonment when they experience online
problems.
According to the survey, 49 per cent of British online adults who experience
problems when conducting a transaction online would probably abandon it or switch
to another site. A similarly worrying number of US online adults (41 per cent) would
also switch to a competitor or abandon after encountering an online transaction
problem.

1. What may be a problem to customers when shopping online?

There are not enough shopping carts.
They may be directed to wrong sites.
The customers cannot log in.
The site does not send a message to the customers.
2. According to the survey, consumers who have a lot of technical problems when
trying to buy online are likely to…
 A. complain a lot to customer services. B. go to a competitor’s site.
C. leave the site D. Both B & C
3. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?
41 per cent of all those surveyed in the UK prefer to do business online.
49 per cent of British online adults experience problems when conducting a
transaction online.
41 per cent of all those surveyed in the US who experience problems when
conducting a transaction online would probably abandon it or switch to
another site.
When experience problems with online transaction, the percentage American
leaving the site is higher than that of the British.
4. The writer thinks consumers want sites that…
work well and are easy to use.
offer an easy way to contact customer services.
provide online customers experiences
D. help frustrated online customers go straight to competitors.
5. What is the percentage of British online adults prefer to shop online?
A. 41 B. 52 C. 49 D. 45

Passage 28
Microsoft's Windows operating system, one of the world's most successful
consumer products, is also one of the world's most neglected brands. An estimated
1bn people use PCs that run on Windows. Most of the company's revenues come from
sales to business customers, and it has no direct relationship with consumers - they
have to deal with electronics retailers and PC manufacturers, not the company that
makes the software. That wasn't important when Windows was an unchallenged
monopoly, even if an unloved one. Competition from Apple's machines and laptops
that run on the Linux operating system changed things. Caught in this unfamiliar
competitive situation, the Windows brand has been found wanting.
That brand weakness was uncovered after the launch of Windows Vista in
2007. Many computer users found that the new software was not compatible with
some of their old peripherals, such as printers or scanners, and that it ran slowly. Nor
did the software have obvious new consumer benefits

1. Choose the best explanation for this idea from the paragraph: "...when Windows
was on unchallenged monopoly..."
A. had total control of the market and there were no other competitors
B. had a large share of the market, and other companies found it difficult to
compete
C. accepted the prevailing prices in the market of its products, its own
transactions being unable to affect the market price
D. had produced a small share of the total market output and its output is
identical
2. Why was Microsoft less concerned about consumers in its early days?
 A. The company made most of its money from business customers, not retail.
B. There was also no real competitor for Windows.
C. Everybody loves the brand.
D. Both A and B are correct.
3. Which is mentioned in the paragraph?
A. Microsoft launched a new improved version of the Vista operating system.
B. Competition from Apple highlighted inadequacy of the Windows brand.
C. Apple launched a negative advertising campaign criticizing Vista.
D. Microsoft launched an advertising campaign in the US to improve the
image of Bill Gates, the Microsoft founder, and the company.
4. Why were customers dissatisfied with Vista?
A. The system didn’t work with older printers, scanners, etc.
B. There were no real consumer benefits.
C. It runs slow.
D. All are correct.
5. Which sentence is TRUE in this paragraph?
A. Satisfaction levels for the Windows brand increase.
B. Windows has direct relationship with consumers
C. Microsoft launched Vista but with technical and compatibility problems.
D. Microsoft is the most loved brand by consumers.

Passage 29
Those who make the case for centralized global advertising often seem to be
swimming against the tide. Strong central planning, with head office telling its
subsidiaries how they should talk to ‘their’ consumers, is an approach that has become
unfashionable, unsexy and un-now. Global advertising campaigns, the thinking goes,
are creatively hamstrung is by the need to be all things to all men. The resulting
adverts are functional but forgettable, inoffensive but uninspiring, and a safe option
for the risk-averse. And of course local offices are much happier creating their own
ideas than implementing someone else's.
From the advertiser’s point of view, the global approach is not completely
without its merits. From a financial point of view, it is obviously cheaper to develop
one set of creative material and then roll it out worldwide. A global approach is also
faster, and simpler to implement. And as people travel the world more and more -
physically or virtually - they are exposed to the same brand in different markets, and
they should get the same advertising experience. If you want to build a global brand, a
global campaign seems the most obvious way to do it.
Every ad starts with an insight and a proposition. If the planners, market
researchers and marketing strategists can find an insight and develop a proposition
that is relevant to potential customers around the world, then a single creative concept
should be able to convey this to all their potential customers around the world. In
other words, so effective global advertising starts, just like any effective advertising
does, with understanding your consumers.
1. “swimming against the tide” means…
 fighting to get their views heard
doing the exact opposite to what most other people are doing
being very difficult
being unfashionable
2. What is NOT an advantage of adopting a global approach?
A. It is less expensive to develop. B. It is more creative to create
materials.
C. It is faster to implement. D. It is easier to carry out.
3. What can be inferred from the passage?
People expect to see the same advertising experience when they travel abroad.
The global approach is completely without merits.
If you want to expand to international markets, a global campaign seems to be
the only obvious way.
In the global approach, it is quick and easy to create material and then roll it
out worldwide.
4. The word “proposition” in this passage means…
official instructions explaining a task
a suggestion or plan of action
an understanding about the customer needs
an understanding about the position of a brand in the market
5. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?
Effective advertising starts with understanding customer needs.
Effective advertising starts with having good creative ideas.
Effective advertising starts with having a position.
Effective advertising starts with conveying a single creative concept to all their
potential customers around the world.
PART 4 – LISTENING

PART I - Listen to the recording and choose the best answer to each question.

Recording 1
In the introduction, the presenter says that _________.
some people are obviously more intelligent than others
you have to be intelligent to be good at sport or music
it is difficult to say exactly what intelligence is
Mozart was more intelligent than many footballers or modern musicians
The professor says that _________.
the only important factor is whether someone can solve a problem or not
the most important thing is how someone solves a problem
intelligent people can solve problems immediately
intelligent people don’t have to face problems
Which of these is NOT true?
Asking for help is intelligent because someone else may know the answer.
It isn’t very intelligent to spend time unnecessarily solving a problem.
 It is no good asking if you don’t listen.
Intelligent people don’t need help.
The professor says that _________.
intelligent people look for help wherever possible
you should never work alone
you should ignore things you have learned in the past because each problem is
different
each problem is unique
The professor says that _________.
once you have found a solution your work is finished
there may be more than one way to solve a problem
you should start trying to solve the problem immediately
intelligent people don’t take risks

Recording 2
Susan says The Daily Post is similar to a tabloid newspaper because it _________.
has lots of stories about celebrities C. is quite small
has millions of readers D. has got off to a good start
Susan says The Daily Post is different to many newspapers because it is _________.
only for young readers C. not for young readers
also for young readers D. for people with houses and good jobs
What does Susan say about The Daily Post and politics?
The paper isn’t interested in politics. C. The paper supports the
government
The paper supports a political party. D. The paper doesn’t support a
political party.
What does Susan say about The Tuesday Magazine?
It should have fewer advertisements. C. It should be cheaper.
It should have more papers. D. It should have more TV channels
What might happen soon, according to Susan?
The Daily Post will drop its price.
The Daily Post will sell fewer copies.
The Daily Post will try hard to get people to come back the newspaper.
The Daily Post will face strong competition.

Recording 3
Most of the people who see Tessa have a problem with _________.
borrowing too much C. understanding their bank account
paying their household bills D. investing their money
Using a credit card often makes people _________.
buy things they don’t want C. spend more than they should
ignore the prices of things D. think about expensive things
The first thing people with large credit card bills should do is _________.
call their bank manager C. get advice from an expert
 ignore them D. contact their credit card company
Tessa advises people with financial problems to _________.
destroy their credit cards
use their credit cards carefully
lock their credit cards away
wait for chances of using their credit cards again
Some of the people that see Tessa _________.
think she’s wrong about credit cards
don’t want to pay off the money they owe
make the same mistakes again later
realize that they don’t want a credit card

Recording 4
Josephine uses tomatoes as an example of a product which _________.
isn’t sold in some supermarkets
is the most popular product in the supermarket
is the same in every supermarket
is better in some supermarkets than others
What does Josephine’s supermarket NOT do?
make products with the supermarket’s name on
buy products with the supermarket’s name on
sell products with the supermarket’s name on
choose companies to make products for the supermarket
The example of the soup company shows that _________.
labels aren’t important at all
companies want to make sure that their business can make money
soup is better when it’s from a tin
they like the supermarket labels
Why don’t supermarkets often buy from small food companies?
because their customers don’t like the products
because big food companies own the supermarkets
because supermarkets need large amounts of a product
because small food companies don’t want sell to 300 supermarkets
What does Josephine say about the ‘local produce section’?
It is only in one of her 300 supermarkets.
It contains products from smaller food companies.
It sells the same products all over the country.
It sells local food products in 300 supermarkets.

Recording 5
What does Craig say about the work of a careers officer?
It has changed completely over the years. C. It is similar to what it used to
be.
It’s better than the other jobs he’s done. D. He works for 50 schools.
Only one in ten of the people who want to become doctors _________.
succeed in their ambition C. became lawyers
are successful in other professions D. later want to do all kinds of jobs
Craig suggested the air force to the young man because he _________.
wanted to change his mind about being an astronaut
though it was probably the best way to achieve his aim
was sure that astronauts started in the air force
knew that the young man would become part of the European space
programme
Craig’s advice is that you should _________.
only talk about your ambition if you really mean it
be clear about what you want and try hard to make it
be ready to choose a completely different career
become a doctor if you can’t become an architect
Susan’s advice is that you should _________.
become a lawyer if you like helping people
know local lawyers and their work
get legal advice before choosing your career
find out more about the job you want to do

Recording 6
How can Dr Schultz remember her previous week of work?
She interviewed some people. C. She wrote about it in a diary.
She has described it before. D. She had a normal week.
What does Dr Schultz feel about most older people?
They have a healthy lifestyle. C. They need to make more effort.
They really need special check-up. D. They need more looking after.
What was one man’s problem?
He wouldn’t visit the doctor. C. He didn’t know how to cook.
He didn’t like fried food. D. He wasn’t fit enough.
Why did the woman need an injection?
because she was so scared C. because she couldn’t take pills
because she was going on holiday D. because she was red and hot-
looking
What did Dr Schultz have to do?
get a nurse to help her with the patient C. talk to and comfort the patient
forget about giving the injection D. try to get the woman to sit
down

Recording 7
1. According to the man, the woman can do all the following things with a smart
phone EXCEPT _________.
A. take notes C. connect with a computer
B. transfer files D. print documents
2. According to the man, the wireless Internet means _________
A. you can download anything you want.
B. you don’t need to plug into a computer to connect with the Internet.
C. you can check emails everywhere.
D. you can surf the Internet whenever you want.
3. The man says that a touch screen allows you _________
A. to play games.
B. to send messages.
C. to control your phone by pressing the feature on the screen.
D. to download your favorite songs or video games.
4. It can be inferred from the conversation that _________
A. the woman doesn’t know much about smart phones.
B. the man is an expert in IT field.
C. the man and the woman are close friends.
D. the man feels angry with the woman.
5. The conversation may take place in _________.
A. a meeting B. a conference C. a library D. a store

Recording 8
1. How much does the customer have to pay now to get the special offer?
A. 15 dollars B. 50 dollars C. 20 dollars D. 12 dollars
2. What is the original price of the recorder?
A. 290 dollars B. 260 dollars C. 250 dollars D. 230
dollars
3. If the customer pays an extra 49.99 dollars, he can _________
A. get free instant replacement within three years. C. get free repair within
three years.
B. get the recorder delivered within 3 days. D. get a refund if the
recorder is faulty.
4. Which statement is TRUE about the store’s policies according to the recording?
A. They offer free delivery.
B. They charge an amount of 40 dollars for delivery.
C. They offer a discount of 40 dollars for regular customers.
D. They offer extended warranty for regular customers.
5. What can be inferred from the conversation?
A. The customer won’t buy the recorder.
B. The customer will pay in installment for the recorder.
C. The shop assistant will reduce the price of the recorder.
D. The customer will take the extended warrantee option.

Recording 9
1. How long does Yuki’s course last?
A. Six months B. Over six months C. One year D. Over
one year
2. To get a visa, Yuki needs to do all of the following things EXCEPT _________.
A. fill out a form
B. send passport-sized photos
C. send some documents
D. call the local British Embassy visa section
3. To be able to study in the UK, Yuki needs to prove that _________
A. she is well enough. C. she can support herself.
B. she can speak English fluently. D. she has a bank account.
4. How many hours can Yuki work when she is doing the course in the UK?
A. No more than 20 hours a week. C. More than 20 hours a week.
B. 20 hours a month. D. 20 hours on holidays.
5. Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the text?
A. Yuki is a student in Japan now. C. Yuki does not have a passport.
B. Yuki does not have to pay for her visa. D. Yuki is on a holiday in the
UK.

Recording 10
1. What is the purpose of the call?
A. To do a booking. C. To check a booking.
B. To reschedule a booking. D. To cancel a booking.
2. When does the conference take place?
A. From 15th to 19th of July. C. From 15th to 19th of June.
B. From 5th to 9th of July. D. From 5th to 9th of June.
3. How many people will be at the conference?
A. 34 B. 35 C. 36 D. 37
4. Why does she book a room on ground floor?
A. Because she likes the view.
B. Because there is a disabled participant.
C. Because a newly married couple want it.
D. Because she does not want to use the elevator.
5. What does the man mean by “full-board”?
A. everything included. C. breakfast and dinner included.
B. breakfast, lunch, and dinner included. D. meeting rooms included.
Recording 11
The idea of rail transportation has appeared _________.
A. for ages B. recently C. for 100 years D. for a short time
Rails were always made of _________.
A. wood or metal B. wood, stone or metal C. metal or stone D. wood or
stone
Who invented the first steam engine for trains?
A. James Watt B. Richard Trevithick C. Iron Works D.
Cornish Wales
The Rocket first travelled on the _________.
A. Stockton and Darlington Railway C. Manchester and Liverpool
 Railway
B. Eurotunnel D. Stockton and Liverpool Railway
When was the first accident?
A. 1833 B. 1829 C. 1830 D. 1933

Recording 12
Why did France give the statue to the United States?
To remember the war between France and America
To remember the friendship between France and America
To remember Gustave Eiffel
To remember the soldiers in the war against Britain
Which is NOT TRUE about the construction of the Statue?
The statue’s skin was made of copper.
Gustave Eiffel was chosen to design the statue.
It’s reduced to 350 pieces and shipped to America.
It is 46 meters high.
What needed to be built in the United States?
A base C. An ice cream cone
A torch D. A huge metal frame
How did the statue get to the United States?
It’s put together in France and sent by ship.
It was reduced to 46 pieces.
It came in many parts in many boxes.
It was transported by a big plane.
Which is TRUE about the statue?
It serves as a lighthouse.
Visitors can only see the statue from far away.
There are 354 steps to the top.
It is the tallest structure in America.

Recording 13
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a use for bamboo?
A. Building houses B. Making clothes C. Making cars D. Making
bicycles
Bamboo _________
can grow on any kind of soil. C. reaches a useful size in 3 to 7
years.
is a member of tree family. D. is used to make paper.
People build houses with bamboo because _________
It is very strong. C. It can be formed into different shapes.
It stops bad smells. D. It can be used instead of metal tubes.
Why is growing bamboo more efficient than growing trees?
It isn’t like other plants in the tree family.
It grows faster than trees.
 It can be used in different fields of construction.
It sells better than wood.
According to the story, how will bamboo help the world in the future?
It can help feed many hungry people.
Using bamboo can help to save trees.
Planting bamboo will make the world smell better.
It can be used instead of other materials.

Recording 14
Which is TRUE about the computers in 1980?
They were popular in schools and libraries only.
They were made with a size of a box.
They were too expensive.
They were used to solve math problems.
After the BBC showed the program "The Mighty Micro," _________
someone built the first computer.
computers became very expensive.
people in Britain became interested in small computers.
A company started their researches on tiny computers.
The BBC wanted to design a microcomputer that was _________.
A. expensive B. affordable C. television-orientedD. big
How did the BBC turn the “microcomputers” into reality?
They made their computers with lots of functions.
They found a computer company to make their computer.
They started a new division to make their computers.
They hired a big corporation to finish their ideas.
The BBC computers _________
were made by a big company.
were famous with Model C.
were not successful at first.
were mainly used by children in schools.

Part II: Listen to the recording and fill in the gaps with the words you heard.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE words for each gap.

Recording 1
Listen to the recording and fill in the blank with one word you hear from the
listening passage.
Today we’re going to look at marketing over the life time of a product and
how the different phases in the product life cycle 1 _______________ on the kinds of
marketing decisions we make and influence the marketing strategies we employ.
Of course, the first stage in the product life cycle is known as the Market
Introduction Stage. At this point, costs are very high indeed, and, since the product is
fresh to the market, sales 2 _______________ can be low to start as the product has
yet to take off. What the marketing department must do therefore is get as much
publicity as possible for the product and begin to develop brand 3 _______________
and loyalty. Think of the process as little steps. The first step is to get the brand
noticed by your target market. This will require aggressive advertising using 4
_______________ which are likely to expose the product to, and, just as importantly,
appeal to the target customer. The next step would be to encourage the target market
to try the product. Promotions, free trials and other special offers all 5
_______________ a role in enticing new customers over to your brand.
Key: 1. impact 2. volumes 3. awareness 4. mediums 5. play

Recording 2
Tonight, I’d like to address myself to parents who are planning to send their
children to university, but who might be 1 _______________ about the cost. There’s
no doubt that university education is a great asset. Not only will your children learn
and grow but, according to the Department of Skills figures, on average someone with
higher education earns 50% more in a lifetime than someone without. But in the last 2
_______________ or so, the cost of getting a degree has more than doubled - and it
looks as if things are going to get worse. Maintenance grants were abolished in 1997
and 3_______________ fees introduced for students in England, Wales and Northern
Ireland. University fees are rising steadily, some of them more than £6,000 a year. If
you thought 4 _______________ a university education was beyond your reach, think
again. With sound planning, you can provide your children with this opportunity of a
lifetime. If you’re a new parent, remember that the earlier you start saving, the less
you have to pay every month and the greater your return. Money will give you 5
_______________ over where your children study and the course they choose.
Key: 1. concerned 2. decade 3. tuition 4. funding 5. flexibility

Recording 3
Scholarships and bursaries come in all sizes, are 1_______________ for a
variety of reasons and may be a one-off or annual payments. You may be eligible to
apply simply because of where you come from or for a specific course you are
2
_______________. They are seldom advertised and many go unclaimed every year.
The Internet is a great way to start looking. There is a searchable
3
_______________ at www.studentmoney.org and while you’re at the computer, go to
www.google.co.uk and type in some key words. If you’re a keen cricketer, for
example, put in ‘university bursary sport cricket’, for instance. Top of the results page
is the University of Kent, which gives £1,500 cricket bursary to 4_______________
players.
If you haven’t put any money aside, your teenager will almost certainly need
to get a student loan - by far the best way for him or her to borrow. The maximum
yearly loan is about £5,000. There are two reasons why the loan is so attractive;
firstly, the index-linked 5_______________ rate is very low, far lower than you’d get
from the bank. Secondly, you don’t have to start paying it back until you’ve left
university and you start earning a decent salary.
Key: 1. awarded 2. attending 3. database 4. talented 5. interest

Recording 4
Tutor: I’d like you to give a warm welcome to our guest speaker Dr. Sophie Martin
from the Faculty of Science. Dr. Martin is an expert in energy conservation and she’s
going to talk to us about ways can conserve energy in the home. This is a very
important subject as the world we live in is 1_______________ dramatic and
potentially destructive climate change as a result of our excessive wastefulness and
aggressive 2______________ of natural resources.
Dr. Martin: Thank you for the kind words Alice. You are quite right, we face an
unprecedented climate 3_______________ and it is up to each and every one of us to
do our bit to help stop global warming. Believe it or not, if we all took some simple
steps, we could dramatically reduce our carbon footprint and help protect the
environment. It is not a cliché, it is not silly nonsense talk, one person really can make
a4_______________ and I hope that after my speech today, you will understand how.
But first, what exactly is your carbon footprint? Basically, it’s how much you pollute
the environment as an individual, or rather what volume of greenhouse gas is
5
_______________ into the atmosphere because of your day-to-day activities. The
key to stopping global warming is for each of us to reduce our carbon footprint, and if
we conserve energy in the home, we can achieve some truly dramatic results.
Key: 1. facing 2. exploitation 3. crisis 4. difference 5. emitted

Recording 5
Statistics show that the nation is heavier than it used to be and this is due to
the long hours that we work and the lack of time we have to prepare healthy meals
that are low in fat and sugar. There are some simple 1_______________ everyone can
take to help improve their general health; maybe lose some weight first; in the long
run, it could lower your cholesterol and blood 2_______________.
The first thing to do in order to check that your weight is healthy is to work
out your Body Mass Index or BMI. This is a tool that can help you find out if you are
a healthy weight for your height. Obviously the height of a person will
3
_______________ what weight they should be. To work out your BMI you should
take your weight in kilograms and divide it by your height in meters. Then you divide
the results by your height in meters again. The results you come up with can be
checked on a chart to see if your BMI is too high, too low or about right.
Even if your BMI is about where it should be it is still important to eat a
healthy and 4_______________ diet. A healthy diet involves consuming appropriate
amounts of all the food groups, including an adequate amount of water. Nutrients can
be obtained from many different foods, so there are a wide 5_______________ of
healthy diets.
Key: 1. steps 2. pressure 3. Affect 4. well-balanced 5. variety

Recording 6
It is only natural to feel somewhat nervous before giving a 1_______________
and while a few nerves never did any harm - and can in fact prove beneficial - letting
your nerves overcome you can be detrimental. Today’s presentation will focus on
ways to control those butterflies and help you to give better presentations in future.
First and foremost, you’ve got to know your 2_______________. I can’t stress
that enough. If you fail to prepare, you might as well prepare to fail. Even the most
3
_______________ speakers never turn up unprepared and never try to win it.
Personalize your subject and use humour, anecdotes and conversational language.
This will make it easier for you to remember what you want to say.
Secondly, practise, practise, practise! Rehearse well in advance, and
4
_______________ out loud, and with all the equipment you plan on using. Practise
your timing - when to pause and when to breathe - and prepare for the unexpected.
Something always goes wrong, especially when you are 5_______________ on
technology. So always have a back-up plan.
Key: 1. speech 2. material 3. experienced 4. preferably 5. relying

Recording 7
Most important of all is that you shouldn’t try to
(1) .............. ..................... .................. of everything you hear. A lecture is not a (2)
..................................... You have to listen and decide what is important and what
isn’t. Second, when you make notes, don’t write everything in full. Use (3)
.................................., symbols, numbers...anything to help keep pace. Also, try to
organize your notes effectively. Furthermore, you should try to be an (4) .....................
.................... By that, I mean you need to try to predict what the speaker is going to
say...so before the lecture ask yourself what you already know about the topic, and
during the lecture think about where the talk (5) .................... ................... .................
Another useful tip is if you miss something, then don’t panic.
Key: 1. make a note 2. dictation 3. abbreviations 4. active listener 5.
might be heading

Recording 8
Now, most people would agree that the massive (1)
........................ ........................ China has enjoyed in the last forty years represents
perhaps the most significant geopolitical event of the 21 st century. It started with the
(2) .......................... ......................... back in the late 1970s, before which time China’s
economy was largely rural. Since the 1970s China’s economy has grown on average
10% a year. Exports have soared and (3) ............................ ............................. is
growing at 17% per annum. Since 2001, China has doubled its share of global
(4) ....................................... ....................... In fact, China is second only to the US,
and most forecasts suggest it will (5) ............................. the American economy within
the next ten years.
Key: 1. economic growth 2. economic reforms 3. industrial production
4. manufacturing output 5. overtake

Recording 9
 You can see from this chart that we (1) ....................................... the vast
majority of our visitors to continue to come from our neighbor Australia. Other (2)
................................... ........................... are the UK which we have included along
with Nordic countries and Ireland, North-East Asia, principally Japan, and the
Americas, notably the US of course.
Let’s (3) .................. .................. ............... look at our biggest market by far,
Australia. This graph shows that visitor numbers from Australia will continue to rise.
Growth here will remain steady, as it has been for the last twenty and more years. We
expect this to continue, thanks to a (4) .............................. of low airfares and
aggressive marketing by our Ministry of Tourism in Australia. With (5)
................... ......................... around 3% per annum we expect numbers from Australia
will get up to around 1.2 million.
Key: 1. anticipate 2. significant markets 3. take a closer 4. combination 5. total
growth

Recording 10
The focus of this semester will be on the development of the EU and its
enlargement. You’ll have four (1) ........................ ................................... to do. These
must be typed and handed in on time or they will not be considered. They have (2)
............................ ................................ and make up 20% of your final grade, so take
them seriously. We’ll also have a couple of exams; a (3)
......................... ................................... which will count 30% towards the final grade
and an end of term exam which will also count for 30%. Each exam will be in two
parts, a (4) ............................ ......................... test and then four short essay questions.
At the end of the semester you’ll also have to give an oral report, which will take the
form of a 15-minute (5) ..................................... on a topic of your choice related to
the main course themes, followed by a Q and A session also of 15 minutes. This
comprises 10% of the final grade.
Key:
1. written assignments 2. equal weighting 3. mid-term exam 4. multiple choice
5. presentation

Recording 11
New research suggests listening to sad music can help (1)
..................... ................ …………... of an ended relationship. The study contradicts
common wisdom that upbeat music is best when feeling the blues after (2)
....................................... turmoil. It might account for why people began singing the
blues music to accompany painful or miserable times. The research is from the
University of California at Berkeley. It says people find (3) .......................................
in listening to tunes that reflect their (4) ....................................... . It also says weepy
movies and books, or gloomy artwork provide comfort and console broken hearts.
Study co-author Stephen Palmer said: "Emotional experiences of aesthetic products
are important to our happiness and well-being. The research is to be published in the
August edition of the "Journal of Consumer Research" and is titled: “(5)
....................................... and Preferences for Mood-Congruency in Aesthetic
Experiences.” The authors say: "Consumers experience serious emotional distress
when intimate relationships are broken and look for a surrogate to replace the lost
bond.
Key: 1. overcome the heartbreak 2. emotional 3. comfort
4. negative mood 5. Interpersonal Relationships

Recording 12
A rainbow is a beautiful act of nature. It looks like magic, but really, it can be
understood with basic science. Rainbows appear in the sky when three events happen
at the same time. First, there are millions of water drops in the atmosphere. That’s
why rainbows are (1) ....................................... during or right after a rain shower.
Second, the sun is behind your back. If you are facing the wrong (2)
......................................., you can’t see a rainbow. Third, the sun is low in the sky.
That’s why rainbows are usually seen in the early morning or late afternoon. When
these three (3) ....................................... are present, light enters the drops, bends,
changes direction and comes out at different angles. As the light (4)
......................................., it breaks into seven colors. This is the interesting part: white
light enters a drop and seven colors come out. All of the colors are shooting off into
the sky in random directions. However, only a small amount of those colors can be
seen by people. The (5) ...................... .................... of color which we see, and call a
rainbow, leaves the drops at very specific angles. We see just the line of light moving
straight towards us. For that reason, we see only one color from each drop.
Key: 1. visible 2. direction 3. conditions 4. Bends 5. tiny portion

Recording 13
Now here’s an interesting story about the mystery of how memory works or
doesn’t work.
Give Tatiana Cooley 100 1 __________________ to memorize and she can
remember 70 of them 15 minutes later. Give her 4,000 numbers or 500 words and
she’ll repeat them better than most people. It’s the same with a 54-line poem. So, why
does Tatiana Cooley need sticky notes?
She says she’s incredibly 2 _______________! She recently defeated 16
challengers to keep her memory champion title, but when asked how many brothers
and sisters she has, she replied, “six…er…seven…er…six”.
She keeps a daily 3 _______________ and says she “lives by reminder notes.”
According to Tatiana, the ability to memorize things is different from remembering
things on a daily basics. She says her memorizing is “not on the same level as
remembering to call people”.
Tatiana insists that she is not unique. She believes that anybody can train their
mind to memorize. She uses 4 _________________________: visualization and
association. For visualization, she looks at material and mentally photographs it. For
association, she makes up a story to link random numbers and words.
Tatiana noticed that her ability to memorize was better than average when she
was studying in college. She found that 5 _______________________ was enough to
prepare for tests. She didn’t have to do anything else.
Key:
1. faces and names 2. absent-minded 3. To Do List 4. two techniques 5. taking
lecture notes

Recording 14
Julia Hill, an American woman, was born in 1974. She was 23 years old when
she __________________ that a company wanted to cut down part of a forest in
1

California. In the forest there were lots of redwood trees. One of the trees was 2
_______________ and 1,000 years old.
Julia wasn’t happy about this. She traveled to California and climbed up the
tree. “If I sit in the tree” she said, “the company can’t cut it down”. At the beginning,
Julia 3 _______________ in the tree for two weeks. She lived in a small-tree house
and her friends were very helpful- they cooked food for her every day. She used her
mobile phone to talk to her family and to news reporters. She stayed in the tree day
and night.
4
______________________ supported her, but other people weren’t on her
side and they tried to stop her. The company used a helicopter that stayed near her
tree-house for a long time. The helicopter was very noisy and there was a lot of wind.
Julia didn’t like it, but she stayed in the tree.
In the end, she was successful. The company agreed not 5 ________________
the redwood. Finally, after two years and eight days in the tree, Julia Hill climbed
down and walked on the ground again. She and her friends were very happy.
Key
1. discovered 2. 70 meters tall 3. planned to stay 4. Environmental organizations
5. to cut down

Recording 15
I do prefer to keep to deadlines and if I don’t I tend to get a bit stressed out, I
don’t like to disappoint people and I like to feel as though I’m quite organized. I
(1) .............. ................ ………… late sometimes if it’s to get something finished, and
I feel much more satisfied getting something completed at the end of the day and I’m
more likely to go home and relax. But, (2) ......................, I’ll end up going home and
just thinking about everything that I’ve got to do the next day, so that stresses me out
more.
I think it’s really important for transport, public transport to be
(3)..................... when you’re working, and that, that’s – that’s just normal but I think
when I’m on holiday I’m a bit more relaxed about whether trains or buses are a little
bit late, (4)........................ you don’t want to waste a whole day waiting for your
transport when you want to get from A to B and you want to make the most of your
holiday but, yeah, I think I’m (5).................. ............... ………… when I’m abroad
than when I’m in my own country…
Key: 1. don't mind working 2. otherwise 3. punctual 4. obviously 5.
definitely more relaxed