FSC SYLLABUS 2023

BIOLOGY
CHAP 1. INTRODUCTION
 Biology and Some Major Fields of Specialization
 Levels of Biological Organization
 Living World in Time
 Biology and the Service of Mankind
 Protection and Conservation of Environment
 Exercise
CHAP 2. BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES
 Introduction to Biochemistry
 Importance of Carbon
 Importance of Water
 Carbohydrates
 Lipids
 Proteins
 Structure of Proteins
 Nucleic Acids (DNA and RNA)
 Conjugated Molecules
 Exercise
CHAP 3. ENZYMES
 Introduction
 Characteristics of Enzymes
 Mechanism of Enzyme Action
 Factors Affecting the Rate of Enzyme Action
 Inhibitors
 Exercise
CHAP 4. THE CELL
 Introduction
 Emergence and Implication of Cell Theory
 Structure of a Generalized Cell
 Plasma Membrane
 Cell Wall
 Cytoplasm
 Endoplasmic Reticulum
 Ribosomes
 Golgi apparatus
 Lysosomes
 Peroxisome
 Glyoxysomes
 Vacuoles
 Cytoskeleton
 Centrioles
 Mitochondria
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 Plastids
 Nucleus
 Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell
 Exercise
CHAP 5. VARIETY OF LIFE
 Introduction
 Nomenclature
 Two to Five Kingdom Classification Systems
 Viruses
 Characteristics
 Structure
 Life Cycle of Bacteriophages
 Classification of Viruses
 Some Viral Diseases
 Retroviruses
 AIDS
 Hepatitis
 Exercise
CHAP 6. KINGDOM PROKARYOTAE
 Introduction
 Discovery of Bacteria
 Occurrence of Bacteria
 Structure of Bacteria
 Size
 Shape of Bacteria
 Bacterial Cell Structure
 Pili and their Functions
 The Cell Envelope
 Cell Membrane
 Cytoplasmic Matrix
 Nucleoid
 Plasmid
 Ribosomes
 Mesosomes
 Granules and Storage Bodies
 Spores
 Cysts
 Nutrition of Bacteria
 Respiration in Bacteria
 Growth and Reproduction
 Importance of Bacteria
 Control of Bacteria
 Use and Misuse of Antibiotics
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 Characteristics of Cyanobacteria
 Economic Importance
 NOSTOC
 Exercise
CHAP 7. KINGDOM PROTISTA
 Introduction
 Historical Perspective
 Diversity among Protista
 Major Groups of Protista: Protozoa
 The Algae
 Fungus-Like Protista
 Exercise
CHAP 8. FUNGI
 Introduction
 The Body of Fungus
 Nutrition in Fungi
 Reproduction
 Classification of Fungi
 Land Adaptations of Fungi
 Importance of Fungi
 Exercise
CHAP 9. KINGDOM PLANTAE
 Introduction
 Classification of Plantae
 Division Bryophyte
 Adaptation to Land Habitat
 Classification
 Division Tracheophyta
 Psilopsida
 Evolution of Leaf
 Lycopsida
 Sphenopsida
 Pteropsida
 Evolution of Seed Habit
 Class Gymnospermae
 Class Angiospermae
 Rosaceae
 Solanaceae
 Fabaceae
 Caeselpiniaceae
 Mimosaceae
 Poaceae
 Exercise
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CHAP 10. KINGDOM ANIMALIA

 Introduction
 Development of Complexity in Animals
 Grade Radiata
 Grade Bilateria
 Porazoa
 Phylum: Coelenteata
 Phylum: Plantyhelminthes
 Phylum: Nematode
 Phylum: Annelida
 Phylum: Arthropoda
 Phylum: Mollusca
 Phylum: Echinodermata
 Phylum: Hemichordata
 Phylum: Chordata
 Protochordata
 Sub-Phylum Vertebrata
 Super Class Tetrapoda
 Exercise
CHAP 11. BIOENERGETICS
 Introduction
 Conversion of Solar Energy into Chemical Energy
 Chloroplasts
 Photosynthetic Pigments
 Light
 Role of CO2
 Reactions of Photosynthesis
 Light Dependent Reactions
 Non-Cyclic Phosphorylation
 Cyclic Phosphorylation
 Chemiosmosis
 Dark Reactions
 Respiration
 Aerobic Respiration
 Anaerobic Respiration
 Cellular Respiration
 Exercise
CHAP 12. NUTRITION
 Introduction
 Autotrophic Nutrition
 Heterotrophic Nutrition
 Methods of Animal Nutrition
 Parasitic Nutrition
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 Digestion and Absorption

 Digestion in Man
 Some Common Diseases Related to Nutrition
 Exercise
CHAP 13. GASEOUS EXCHANGE
 Need of Respiratory Gas Exchange
 Advantages and Disadvantages of Gas Exchange in Air and in Water
 Gaseous Exchange in Plants
 Respiratory Organs in Representative Aquatic and Terrestrial Animals
 Respiration in Man
 Mechanics of Voluntary and Involuntary Regulation of Breathing in Man
 Transport of Respiratory Gases
 Respiratory Disorders
 Role of Respiratory Pigments
 Lung Capacities
 Exercise
CHAP 14.TRANSPORT
 Introduction
 Need for Transport of Materials
 Transport in Plants
 Ascent of Sap
 Types of Respiration
 Opening and Closing of Stomata
 Translocation of Organic Solutes
 Transport in Animals
 Circulatory System
 Transport in Man
 Disorders
 Lymphatic System
 Immunity-And Its Types
 Exercise
CHAP 15. HOMEOSTASIS
 Concepts in Homeostasis
 Osmoregulation
 Osmoregulation in Plants
 Osmoregulation in Animals
 Osmoregulation in Different Environments
 Excretion
 Excretion in Plants
 Excretion in Animals
 Nature of Excretory Products
 Excretion in Representative Animals
 Excretion in Vertebrates
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 Excretion in Human
 Excretory Organs
 Urinary System
 Concentration of Excretory Products
 Kidney as Osmoregulatory Organ
 Kidney Problems and Cures
 Thermoregulation
 Thermoregulation in Animals
 Thermoregulation in Mammals
 Exercise
CHAP 16. SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT
 Concept and Need
 Support in Plants
 Significance of Secondary Growth
 Movements in Plants
 Support and Movements in Animals
 Human Skeleton Deformities of Skeleton
 Repair of Broken Bones
 Muscles
 Arrangement of Skeletal Muscles for Movements of Skeleton
 Locomotion in Proctoctista and Invertebrates
 Locomotion and Skeleton in Vertebrates
 Exercise
CHAP 17. COORDINATION AND CONTROL
 Introduction
 Control through Hormones
 Plant Movements
 Responses to Environmental Stresses in Plant
 Defense against Pathogens in Plants
 Biological Clock and Circadian Rhythms
 Plant Hormones Nervous Co-Ordination
 Nerve Impulse
 Human Nervous System
 Nervous Disorders
 Chemical Coordination
 Endocrine Glands of Mammals
 Comparison of Nervous Coordination and Chemical Coordination
 Behaviour
 Exercise
CHAP 18. REPRODUCTION
 Introduction
 Reproduction in Plants
 Reproduction in Animals
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 Tissue Culturing and Cloning

 Identical Twins
 Sexual Reproduction
 Reproduction in Man
 Test Tube Babies
 Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)
 Exercise
CHAP 19. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
 Introduction
 Growth and Development in Plants
 Growth and Development in Animals
 AGING
 Regeneration
 Abnormal Development
 Exercise
CHAP 20. CHROMOSOMES AND DNA
 Introduction
 Types of Chromosomes
 Composition of Chromosome
 The Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance
 DNA as Hereditary Material
 Chemical Nature of DNA
 Watson and Crick’s Model
 DNA Replication
 The Meselson-Stahl Experiment
 The Replication Process
 What is a Gene?
 One-Gene
 How DNA Encodes Protein Structures?
 Cells Use RNA to Make Proteins
 Three Types of RNAs
 Transcription
 Genetic Code
 Translation
 Mutations
 Exercise
CHAP 21. CELL CYCLE
 Introduction
 Interphase
 Mitosis
 Meiosis
 Meiotic Errors
 Exercise
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CHAP 22. VARIATION AND GENETICS

 Genes, Alleles and Gene Pool
 Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance
 Dominance Relations
 Multiple Alleles
 Epistasis
 Pleiotropy
 Continuously Varying Traits
 Gene Linkage
 Crossing Over
 Sex Determination
 Sex Linkage
 Diabetes Mellitus and its Genetic Basis
 Exercise
CHAP 23. BIOTECHNOLOGY
 Introduction
 Cloning of a Gene
 Recombinant Technology
 How to Get a Gene?
 Molecular Scissors: Restriction Endonucleases
 Molecular Carrier: Vector
 Recombinant DNA
 Expression of the Recombinant DNA
 Genomic Library
 The Polymerase Chain Reaction
 Analyzing DNA
 Gene Sequencing
 The Human Genome Project
 Biotechnology Products
 Transgenic Bacteria
 Transgenic Plants
 Transgenic Animals
 Cloning of Transgenic Animals
 Gene Therapy
 Tissue Culture
 Genetic Engineering of Plants
 Agricultural Plants with Improved Traits
 Production of Products
 Exercise
CHAP 24. EVOLUTION
 Introduction
 Concepts of Evolution VS Special Creation
 Evolution from Prokaryotes to Eukaryotes
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 Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics

 Charles Darwin
 Neo-Darwinism – The Modern Evolutionary Synthesis
 Evidences of Evolution
 Natural Selection and Artificial Selection
 Population, Gene Pool, Allele and Genotype Frequencies
 Hardy-Weinberg Theorem
 Factors Affecting Gene Frequency
 Endangered Species
 Exercise
CHAP 25. ECOSYSTEM
 Introduction
 Ecosystem
 Biosphere
 Autecology
 Synecology
 Components of Ecosystem
 Processes in Ecosystem and Interaction between Biotic and Abiotic Components
 Succession
 Two Major Forms of Succession
 Predation and its Significance
 Parasitism and its Significance
 Symbiosis
 Mutualism
 Commensalism
 Grazing
 Biogeochemical Cycles
 Exercise
CHAP 26. SOME MAJOR ECOSYSTEMS
 Introduction
 Climate
 Aquatic or Hydrospheric Ecosystem
 Productivity of Aquatic Ecosystem
 Fresh Water Lakes
 Intervention of Man in Aquatic Ecosystem
 Terrestrial Ecosystem
 Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem
 Some Major Ecosystems in Pakistan
 Temperature Deciduous Forests
 Coniferous Alpine and Boreal Forests
 The Grass Land Ecosystem
 Desert Ecosystem
 Tundra Ecosystem
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 Human and Ecosystems

 Exercise
CHAP 27. MAN AND HIS ENVIRONMENT
 Introduction
 Renewable and Non-Renewable Resources
 Renewable Resources
 Degradation and Depletion of Resources
 Modification of Environment
 Man’s Impact on Environment
 Importance of Forests
 Forest and Climate
 Forest and Biodiversity
 Pollution
 Types of Pollution
 Air or Atmospheric Pollution
 Greenhouse Effect
 Acid Rain
 Water Pollution
 Eutrophication or Algal Bloom
 Industrial Effluents
 Insecticides & Herbicides and Fertilizers
 Health and Diseases
 Classification and Causes of Diseases
 Exercise
PHYSICS
CHAP 1. MEASUREMENTS
 Introduction
 Introduction to Physics
 Physical Quantities
 International System of Units
 Errors and Uncertainties
 Significant Figures
 Precision and Accuracy
 Assessment of Total Uncertainty in the Final Result
 Dimensions of Physical Quantities
 Examples
 Summary
 Questions
 Numerical Problems
CHAP 2. VECTORS AND EQUILIBRIUM
 Basic Concepts of Vectors
 Vector Addition by Rectangular Components
 Product of Two Vectors
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 Torque
 Equilibrium of Forces
 Equilibrium of Torque
 Examples
 Summary
 Questions
 Numerical Problems
CHAP 3. MOTION AND FORCE
 Introduction
 Displacement
 Velocity
 Acceleration
 Velocity-Time Graph
 Review of Equations of Uniformly Accelerated Motion
 Newton’s Laws of Motion
 Momentum
 Elastic and Inelastic Collision
 Force due to Water Flow
 Momentum and Explosive Forces
 Rocket Propulsion
 Projectile Motion
 Examples
 Summary
 Questions
 Numerical Problems
CHAP 4. WORK AND ENERGY
 Work Done by a Constant Force
 Work Done by a Variable Force
 Work Done by Gravitational Field
 Power
 Energy
 Interconversion of Potential Energy and Kinetic Energy
 Conservation of Energy
 Non-Conventional Energy Sources
 Examples
 Summary
 Questions
 Numerical Problems
CHAP 5. CIRCULAR MOTION
 Introduction *
 Angular Displacement *
 Angular Velocity *
 Angular Acceleration *
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 Relation between Angular and Linear Velocities

 Centripetal Force
 Moment of Inertia
 Angular Momentum
 Law of Conservation of Angular Momentum
 Rotational Kinetic Energy
 Artificial Satellites
 Real and Apparent Weight
 Weightlessness in Satellites and Gravity Free System
 Orbital Velocity
 Artificial Gravity
 Geostationary Orbits
 Communication Satellites
 Newton’s and Einstein’s views of Gravitation
 Examples
 Summary
 Questions
 Numerical Problems
CHAP 6. FLUID DYNAMICS
 Introduction
 Viscous Drag and Stokes’ Law
 Terminal Velocity
 Fluid Flow
 Equation of Continuity
 Bernoulli’s Equation
 Applications of Bernoulli’s Equation
 Examples
 Summary
 Questions
 Numerical Problems
CHAP 7. OSCILLATIONS
 Introduction
 Simple Harmonic Motion
 SHM and Uniform Circular Motion
 Phase
 Horizontal Mass Spring System
 Simple Pendulum
 Energy Conservation in SHM
 Free and Forced Oscillation
 Resonance
 Damped Oscillations
 Sharpness of Resonance
 Examples
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 Summary
 Questions
 Numerical Problems
CHAP 8. WAVES
 Introduction
 Progressive Waves
 Periodic Waves
 Speed of Sound in Air
 Principle of Superposition
 Interference
 Beats
 Reflection of Waves
 Stationary Waves
 Stationary Waves in a Stretched String
 Stationary Waves in Air Columns
 Doppler Effect
 Examples
 Summary
 Questions
 Numerical Problems
CHAP 9. PHYSICAL OPTICS
 Introduction
 Wavefronts
 Huygen’s Principle
 Interference of Light Waves
 Young’s Double Slit Experiment
 Interference in Thin Films
 Newton’s Rings
 Michelson’s Interferometer
 Diffraction of Light
 Diffraction due to a Narrow Slit
 Diffraction Grating
 Diffraction of X-Rays by Crystals
 Polarization
 Examples
 Summary
 Questions
 Numerical Problems
CHAP 10. OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS
 Introduction
 Least Distance of Distinct Vision
 Magnifying Power and Resolving Power of Optical Instruments
 Simple Microscope
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 Compound Microscope
 Astronomical Telescope
 Spectrometer
 Speed of Light
 Introduction to Fiber Optics
 Fibre Optic Principles
 Types of Optical Fibres
 Signal Transmission and Conversion to Sound
 Losses of Power
 Examples
 Summary
 Questions
 Numerical Problems
CHAP 11. HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICS
 Introduction
 Kinetic Theory of Gases
 Internal Energy
 Work and Heat
 First Law of Thermodynamics
 Molar Specific Heats of a Gas
 Reversible and Irreversible Processes
 Heat Engine
 Second Law of Thermodynamics
 Carnot Engine and Carnot’s Theorem
 Thermodynamic Scale of Temperature
 Petrol Engine
 Entropy
 Environmental Crisis as Entropy Crisis
 Examples
 Summary
 Questions
 Numerical Problems
CHAP 12. ELECTROSTATICS
 Introduction *
 Coulomb’s Law Fields of Force *
 Electric Field Lines
 Application of Electrostatics
 Electric Flux
 Electric Flux through a Surface Enclosing a Charge
 Gauss’s Law
 Application of Gauss’s Law
 Electric Potential
 Electron Volt
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 Electric and Gravitational Forces

 Charge on an Electron by Millikan’s Method
 Capacitor
 Capacitance of a Parallel Plate Capacitor
 Electric Polarization of Dielectrics
 Energy Stored in a Capacitor
 Charging and Discharging a Capacitor
 Examples
 Summary
 Questions
 Numerical Problems
CHAP 13. CURRENT ELECTRICITY
 Introduction
 Electric Current
 Source of Current
 Effects of Current
 Ohm’s Law
 Resistivity and its Dependence upon Temperature
 Colour Code for Carbon Resistance
 Electrical Power and Power Dissipation in Resistors
 Electromotive Force (EMF) and Potential Difference
 Kirchhoff’s Rules
 Wheatstone Bridge
 Potentiometer
 Examples
 Summary
 Questions
 Numerical Problems
CHAP 14. ELECTROMAGNETISM
 Introduction
 Magnetic Field due to Current in a Long Straight Wire
 Force on a Current Carrying Conductor in a Uniform Magnetic Field
 Magnetic Flux and Flux Density
 Ampere’s Law and Determination of Flux Density B
 Force on a Moving Charge in a Magnetic Field
 Motion of Charged Particle in an Electric and Magnetic Field
 Determination of e/m of an Electron
 Cathode Ray Oscilloscope
 Torque on a Current Carrying Coil
 Galvanometer
 Avometer-Multimeter
 Examples
 Summary
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 Questions
 Numerical Problems
CHAP 15. ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION
 Introduction
 Induced EMF and Induced Current
 Motional EMF
 Faraday’s Law and Induced EMF
 Lenz’s Law and Direction of Induced EMF
 Mutual Induction
 Self Induction
 Energy Stored in a Inductor
 Alternating Current Generator
 D.C. Generator
 Back Motor Effect in Generators
 D.C. Motor
 Back EMF Effect in Motor
 Transformer
 Examples
 Summary
 Questions
 Numerical Problems
CHAP 16. ALTERNATING CURRENT
 Introduction
 Alternating Current
 A.C. Circuits
 A.C. Through a Resistor
 A.C. Through a Capacitor
 A.C. Through an Inductor
 Impedance
 R –C and R – L Series Circuits
 Power in A.C. Circuits
 Series Resonance Circuit
 Parallel Resonance Circuit
 Three Phase A.C. Supply
 Principle of Metal Detectors
 Choke
 Electromagnetic Waves
 Principle of Generation, Transmission and Reception of Electromagnetic Waves
 Modulation
 Examples
 Summary
 Questions
 Numerical Problems
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CHAP 17. PHYSICS OF SOLIDS

 Introduction
 Classification of Solids
 Mechanical Properties of Solids
 Electrical Properties of Solids
 Superconductors
 Magnetic Properties of Solids
 Examples
 Summary
 Questions
 Numerical Problems
CHAP 18. ELECTRONICS
 Introduction
 Brief Review of p-n Junction and its Characteristics
 Rectification
 Specially Designed p-n Junctions
 Transistors
 Transistor as an Amplifier
 Transistor as a Switch
 Operational Amplifier
 OP-AMP Inverting Amplifier
 OP-AMP as Non-Inverting Amplifier
 OP-AMP as a Comparator
 Comparator as a Night Switch
 Digital Systems
 Functional Logic Gates
 Other Logic Gates
 Applications of Gates in Control Systems
 Examples
 Summary
 Questions
 Numerical Problems
CHAP 19. DAWN OF MODERN PHYSICS
 Introduction
 Relative Motion
 Frame of Reference
 Special Theory of Relativity
 Black Body Radiation
 Interaction of Electromagnetic Radiation with Matter
 Annihilation of Matter
 Wave Nature of Particles
 Uncertainty Principle
 Examples
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 Summary
 Questions
 Numerical Problems
CHAP 20. ATOMIC SPECTRA
 Introduction
 Atomic Spectra
 Bohr’s Model of the Hydrogen Atom
 Inner Shell Transitions and Characteristics X-Rays
 Uncertainty with in the Atom
 LASER
 Examples
 Summary
 Questions
 Numerical Problems
CHAP 21. NUCLEAR PHYSICS
 Introduction
 Atomic Nucleus
 Isotopes
 Mass Defect and Binding Energy
 Radioactivity
 Half Life
 Interaction of Radiation with Matter
 Radiation Detectors
 Nuclear Reactions
 Nuclear Fission Fusion Reaction
 Radiation Exposure
 Biological Effects of Radiation
 Biological and Medical Uses of Radiation
 Basic Forces of Nature Building Blocks of Matter
 Examples
 Summary
 Questions
 Numerical Problems
CHEMISTRY
CHAP 1. BASIC CONCEPTS
 Atom
 Relative Atomic Mass
 Isotopes
 Analysis of a Compound – Empirical and Molecular Formulas
 Concept of Mole
 Stoichiometry
 Limiting Reactant
 Yield
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 Example Numerical
 Key Points
 Exercise
 Exercise Numerical
CHAP 2. EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES IN CHEMISTRY
 Introduction
 Filtration
 Crystallization
 Sublimation
 Solvent Extraction
 Chromatography
 Key Points
 Exercise
CHAP 3. GASES
 State of Matter
 Gas Laws
 General Gas Equation
 Avogadro’s Law
 Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures
 Diffusion and Effusion
 Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
 Kinetic Interpretation of Temperature
 Liquefaction of Gases
 Non-Ideal Behaviour of Gases
 Plasma State
 Example Numerical
 Key Points
 Exercise
 Exercise Numerical
CHAP 4. LIQUIDS AND SOLIDS

 Intermolecular Forces
 Evaporation
 Liquid Crystals
 Solid Introduction
 Crystal Lattice
 Crystals and their Classification
 Classification of Solids
 Determination of Avogadro’s Number (NA )
 Example Numerical
 Key Points
 Exercise
 Exercise Numerical
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CHAP 5. ATOMIC STRUCTURE

 Sub-Atomic Particles of Atom
 Rutherford’s Model of Atom
 Planck’s Quantum Theory
 Bohr’s Model of Atoms
 Spectrum
 X-Ray and Atomic Number
 Dual Nature of Matter
 Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle
 Electronic Distribution
 Example Numerical
 Key Points
 Exercise
 Exercise Numerical
CHAP 6. CHEMICAL BONDING
 Chemical Bond
 Atomic Sizes
 Ionization Energy, Electron Affinity and Electronegativity
 Types of Bonds
 Bond Energy, Bond Length and Dipole Moment
 The Effect of Bonding on the Properties of Compounds
 Example Numerical
 Key Points
 Exercise
 Exercise Numerical
CHAP 7. THERMOCHEMISTRY
 Introduction
 Spontaneous and Non-Spontaneous Reactions
 System, Surrounding and State Function
 Internal Energy and First Law of Thermodynamics
 Enthalpy
 Hess’s Law of Constant Heat Summation
 Example Numerical
 Key Points
 Exercise
 Exercise Numerical
CHAP 8. CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
 Reversible and Irreversible Reactions
 Applications of Chemical Equilibrium in Industry
 Ionic Product of Water
 Ionization Constants of Acids (Ka)
 Ionization Constant of Bases (Kb)
 Lowry Bronsted Acid and Base Concept
FSC SYLLABUS 2023

 Common Ion Effect

 Buffer Solutions
 Solubility Products
 Example Numerical
 Key Points
 Exercise
 Exercise Numerical
CHAP 9. SOLUTIONS
 Introduction
 Concentration Units of Solutions
 Types of Solutions
 Ideal and Non-Ideal Solutions
 Vapour Pressures of Liquid-Liquid Solutions
 Solubility and Solubility Curves
 Colligative Properties of Solutions
 Energetics of Solution
 Hydration and Hydrolysis
 Example Numerical
 Key Points
 Exercise
 Exercise Numerical
CHAP 10. ELECTROCHEMISTRY
 Introduction
 Oxidation State and Balancing of Redox Equations
 Electrolytic Conduction
 Electrode Potential
 The Electrochemical Series
 Modern Batteries and Fuel Cells
 Example Numerical
 Key Points
 Exercise
 Exercise Numerical
CHAP 11. REACTION KINETICS
 Introduction
 Rate of Reaction
 Determination of the Rate of a Chemical Reaction
 Energy of Activities
 Finding the Order of Reaction
 Factors Affecting Rates of Reactions
 Catalysis
 Example Numerical
 Key Points
 Exercise
FSC SYLLABUS 2023

 Exercise Numerical
CHAP 1. PERIODIC CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS AND PERIODICITY
 Introduction
 The Modern Periodic Table
 Periodic Trends in Physical Properties
 Periodic Relationship in Compounds
 The Position of Hydrogen
 Key Points
 Exercise
CHAP 2. S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
 Introduction *
 General Behaviour of Alkali Metals *
 Commercial Preparation of Sodium by Down’s Cell *
 Commercial Preparation of Sodium Hydroxide by the Diaphragm Cell *
 Role of Gypsum in Agriculture and Industry
 Role of Lime in Agriculture and Industry
 Key Points
 Exercise
CHAP 3. GROUP IIIA AND GROUP IVA ELEMENTS
 Group IIIA Elements
 Compounds of Boron
 Reactions of Aluminium
 Group IVA Elements
 Compounds of Carbon and Silicon
 Semiconductors
 Uses of Lead Compounds in Paints
 Key Points
 Exercise
CHAP 4. GROUP VA AND VIA ELEMENTS
 Introduction
 Nitrogen and its Compounds
 Phosphorus and its Compounds
 Group VIA Elements
 Sulphuric Acid(H2SO4)
 Key Points
 Exercise
CHAP 5. THE HALOGENS AND THE NOBLE GASES
 Introduction
 Occurrence
 Peculiar Behaviour of Fluorine
 Oxidizing Properties
 Compounds of Halogens
 Commercial Uses of Halogens and their Compounds
FSC SYLLABUS 2023

 Noble Gases
 Key Points
 Exercise
CHAP 6. TRANSITION ELEMENTS
 Introduction
 Properties of Transition Elements
 Complex Compounds
 Iron
 Corrosion
 Chromates and Dichromates
 Potassium Permanganate
 Key Points
 Exercise
CHAP 7. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
 Introduction
 Some Features of Organic Compounds
 Importance of Organic Chemistry
 Sources of Organic Compounds
 Cracking of Petroleum
 Reforming
 Classifications of Organic Compounds
 Functional Group
 Hybridization of Orbits and the Shapes of Molecules
 Isomerism
 Key Points
 Exercise
CHAP 8. ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS
 Introduction
 Nomenclature
 Alkanes
 Alkenes
 Alkynes
 Key Points
 Exercise
CHAP 9. AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
 Introduction
 Nomenclature
 Benzene
 Preparation of Benzene
 Reactions of Benzene
 Comparison of Reactivities of Alkanes, Alkenes and Benzene
 Key Points
 Exercise
FSC SYLLABUS 2023

CHAP 10. ALKYL HALIDES

 Introduction
 Nomenclature of Alkyl Halides
 Methods of Preparation of Alkyl Halides
 Reactivity of Alkyl Halides
 Reactions of Alkyl Halides
 Grignard Reagent
 Key Points
 Exercise
CHAP 11. ALCOHOLS, PHENOLS AND ETHERS
 Introduction
 Alcohols Distinction between Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Alcohols
 Uses of Alcohols
 Phenol
 Ethers
 Key Points
 Exercise
CHAP 12. ALDEHYDES AND KETONES
 Introduction
 Nomenclature
 Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketone
 Reactivity of Carboxyl Group
 Reactions of Carboxyl Compounds
 Identification of Carboxyl Compounds
 Uses
 Key Points
 Exercise
CHAP 13. CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
 Introduction
 Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids
 General Methods of Preparation
 Physical Characteristics
 Reactivity of Carboxyl Group
 Reactions of Carboxylic Acids
 Acetic Acid
 Amino Acids
 Key Points
 Exercise
CHAP 14. MACROMOLECULES
 Introduction
 Structure of Polymers
 Types of Polymers
 Polymerization Process
FSC SYLLABUS 2023

 Brief Description of Synthetic Polymers

 Biopolymers
 Key Points
 Exercise
CHAP 15. COMMON CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES IN PAKISTAN
 Introduction
 Fertilizers
 Elements Essential for Plant Growth
 Classification of Fertilizers
 Cements
 Paper Industry
 Key Points
 Exercise
CHAP 16. ENVIRONMENT CHEMISTRY
 Introduction
 Types of Pollution
 Factors Affecting the Quality of Water
 Solid Waste Management
 Key Points
 Exercise
ENGLISH
 Vocabulary
 Button, Button *Clearing in the Sky *Dark They Were, and Golden-Eyed *Thank You,
M’am *The Piece of String *The Reward *The Use of Force *The Gulistan of Sa’di
*The Foolish Quack *A Mild Attack of Locusts *I Have a Dream *The Gift of the Magi
*God be Praised *Overcoat *The Angel and the Author – and Others
 Heat Lightning *Visit to a Small Planet *The Oyster and the Pearl
 The Rain *Night Mail *Loveliest of Trees, the Cherry Now *O Where are You Going?
*In the Street of the Fruit Stalls *A Sindhi Woman *Times *Ozymandias *The Feed
*The Hollow Men *Leisure *Ruba’iyat *A Tale of Two Cities *My Neighbour Friend
Breathing his Last! *He Came to Know Himself *God’s Attributes *The Delight Song
*Love-an Essence of all Religions *A Man of Words and not of Deeds *In Broken
Images.
 Tenses *Punctuation *Pair of Words.
 The Dying Sun *Using the Scientific Method *Why Boys Fail in College *End of Term
*On Destroying Books *The Man Who was a Hospital *My Financial Career *China’s
Way to Progress *Hunger and Population Explosion *The Jewel of the World.
 First Year at Harrow *Hitch Hiking across the Sahara *Sir Alexander Fleming
*Louis Pasteur *Mustafa Kamal.
 Good Bye Mr. Chips *1 *2 *3 *4 *5 *6*7*8 *9 *10 *11 *12 *13 *14 *15 *16 *17 *18.
 Idioms *Phrasal Verbs *Preposition *Correct of Sentences.
 The Sentence *Subject and Predicate *The Phrase and the Clause *Parts of Speech *The
Noun: Kinds of Nouns *The Noun: Gender *The Noun: Number *The Noun: Case *The
 FSC SYLLABUS 2023

Adjective *Comparison of Adjectives *Adjectives Used as Nouns *Position of the

Adjectives *The Correct Use of Some Adjectives *Articles *Personal Pronouns
*Reflexive and Emphatic Pronouns *Demonstrative, Indefinite and Distributive Pronouns
*Relative Pronouns *Interrogative Pronouns *The Verbs *Verbs of Incomplete
Predication *Active and Passive Voice *Mood *Tenses: Introduction *The Uses of the
Present and Past Tenses *The Future *The Verb: Person and Number *The Infinitive
*The Participle *The Gerund *Irregular Verbs *Auxiliaries and Models *Conjugation of
the Verb LOVE *The Adverb *Comparison of Adverbs *Formation of Adverbs Position
of Adverbs *The Preposition *Words Followed by Prepositions *The Conjunction
*Some Conjunctions and their Uses *The Interjection *The Same Word Used as
Different Parts of Speech.
 ANALYSIS *Analysis of Simple Sentence *Phrases *Clauses *Sentences: Simple,
Compound and Complex *More about Noun Clauses *More about Adjective Clauses
*More about Adverb Clauses *Analysis of Complex Sentence *Analysis of Compound
Sentence *Transformation of Sentences & Contd *Synthesis of Sentences & Contd *The
Sequence of Tenses *Direct and Indirect Speech.
 CORRECT USAGE *Agreement of the Verb with the Subject *Nouns and Pronouns
*Adjectives *Verbs *Adverbs *Conjunctions *Order of Words *Idioms & Contd
*Punctuation *Spelling Rules *The Formation of Words *Figures of Speech.
 STRUCTURE *Verb Patterns *Question Tags, Short Answers, ETC. *More Structures.
 WRITTEN COMPOSITION *Paragraph Writing *Story Writing *Reproduction of a
Story Poem *Letter Writing *Comprehension *Precis-Writing *Expansion of Passages
*Essay-Writing *Autobiographies *Dialogue Writing *The Appreciation of Poetry
*Paraphrasing.
 Common Abbreviations.

TEST SCHEDULE
FSC 1ST YEAR (JANUARY…FEBRUARY)
DATE DAY SUBJECT SYLLABUS MARKS.
1-Jan-23 Sun Phy Fluid Dynamics
2-Jan-23 Mon Chem Solutions
3-Jan-23 Tue Bio Nutrition
4-Jan-23 Wed Phy Vectors and Equilibrium
5-Jan-23 Thu Chem Elecrochemistry
6-Jan-23 Fri Bio Gaseous Exchange
7-Jan-23 Sat Phy REVISION
8-Jan-23 Sun Chem Reaction Kinetics
9-Jan-23 Mon Bio Transport
10-Jan-23 Tue Phy Physical Optics
11-Jan-23 Wed Chem REVISION
12-Jan-23 Thu Bio REVISION
 FSC SYLLABUS 2023

13-Jan-23 Fri Phy Optical Instruments

14-Jan-23 Sat Chem Chemical Bonding
15-Jan-23 Sun Bio Bioenergenics
16-Jan-23 Mon Phy REVISION
17-Jan-23 Tue Chem Thermochemistry
18-Jan-23 Wed Bio REVISION
19-Jan-23 Thu Phy Heat and Thermodynamics
20-Jan-23 Fri Chem Chemical Equilibrium
21-Jan-23 Sat Bio The Cell
22-Jan-23 Sun Phy Measurements
23-Jan-23 Mon Chem REVISION
24-Jan-23 Tue Bio Variety Of Life
25-Jan-23 Wed Phy REVISION
26-Jan-23 Thu Chem Atomic Structure
27-Jan-23 Fri Bio Monera
28-Jan-23 Sat Phy Motion and Force
29-Jan-23 Sun Chem Gases
30-Jan-23 Mon Bio REVISION
31-Jan-23 Tue Phy Work and Energy
1-Feb-23 Wed Chem Liquids and Solids
2-Feb-23 Thu Bio Protoctista
3-Feb-23 Fri Phy REVISION
4-Feb-23 Sat Chem REVISION
5-Feb-23 Sun Bio Fungi
6-Feb-23 Mon Phy Circular Motion
7-Feb-23 Tue Chem Basic Cocepts
8-Feb-23 Wed Bio REVISION
9-Feb-23 Thu Phy REVISION
10-Feb-23 Fri Chem REVISION
11-Feb-23 Sat Bio Introduction
12-Feb-23 Sun Phy Oscillations
13-Feb-23 Mon Chem Experimental Techniques In Chemistry
14-Feb-23 Tue Bio Biological Molecules
15-Feb-23 Wed Phy Waves
16-Feb-23 Thu Chem REVISION
17-Feb-23 Fri Bio Enzymes
18-Feb-23 Sat Phy REVISION
19-Feb-23 Sun Chem REVISION
20-Feb-23 Mon Bio Kingdom Plantae
21-Feb-23 Tue Bio REVISION
22-Feb-23 Wed bio Kingdom Animalia
23-Feb-23 Thu Bio REVISION
26-Feb-23 Fri Phy FLP
 FSC SYLLABUS 2023

27-Feb-23 Sat Chem FLP

28-Feb-23 Sun Bio FLP

2ND YEAR (MARCH …APRIL)

Date Day SUBJECT SYLLABUS MARKS.
3-Mar-23 Fri Bio Reproduction
4-Mar-23 Sat Chem Fundamental principles of organic chemistry
5-Mar-23 Sun Phy Electrostatics
6-Mar-23 Mon Bio Chromosomes and DNA
7-Mar-23 Tue Chem Aliphatic hydrocarbons
8-Mar-23 Wed Phy Current electricity
9-Mar-23 Thu Bio Cell cycle
10-Mar-23 Fri Chem Aromatic hydrocarbons
11-Mar-23 Sat Phy REVISION
12-Mar-23 Sun Bio REVISION
13-Mar-23 Mon Chem Alkyl halides
14-Mar-23 Tue Phy Electromagnetism
15-Mar-23 Wed Bio Growth and development
16-Mar-23 Thu Chem Alcohols, phenols and ethers
17-Mar-23 Fri Phy Electromagnetic induction
18-Mar-23 Sat Bio Homeostasis
19-Mar-23 Sun Chem Aldehydes and ketones
20-Mar-23 Mon Phy REVISION
21-Mar-23 Tue Bio REVISION
22-Mar-23 Wed Chem REVISION
23-Mar-23 Thu Phy Physics of solids
24-Mar-23 Fri Bio Support and movements
25-Mar-23 Sat Chem Carboxylic acids
26-Mar-23 Sun Phy Electronics
27-Mar-23 Mon Bio Coordination and control
28-Mar-23 Tue Chem Macromolecules
29-Mar-23 Wed Phy REVISION
30-Mar-23 Thu Bio REVISION
31-Mar-23 Fri Chem Common chemical industries in Pakistan
1-Apr-23 Sat Phy Alternating current
2apr-23 Sun Bio Variation and genetics
3-Apr-23 Mon Chem Environmental chemistry
4-Apr-23 Tue Phy REVISION
5-Apr-23 Wed Bio Biotechnology
6-Apr-23 Thu Chem REVISION
 FSC SYLLABUS 2023

7-Apr-23 Fri Phy Dawn of modern physics

8-Apr-23 Sat Bio REVISION
9-Apr-23 Sun Chem Transition elements
10-Apr-23 Mon Phy Atomic spectra
11-Apr-23 Tue Bio Evolution
12-Apr-23 Wed Chem Periodic classification of elements and
periodicity
13-Apr-23 Thu Phy REVISION
14-Apr-23 Fri Bio Ecosystem
15-Apr-23 Sat Chem s-block elements
16-Apr-23 Sun Phy Nuclear physics
17-Apr-23 Mon Bio Some major ecosystems
18-Apr-23 Tue Chem Group IIIA and group IVA elements
19-Apr-23 Wed Phy REVISION
20-Apr-23 Thu Bio Man and his environment
21-Apr-23 Fri Chem Group VA and VIA elements
22-Apr-23 Sat Bio REVISION
23-Apr-23 Sun Chem The Halogens and The Noble Gases
24-Apr-23 Mon Chem REVISION
25-Apr-23 Tue Phy FLP 2ND YEAR
26-Apr-23 Wed Chem FLP 2ND YEAR
27-Apr-23 Thu Bio FLP 2ND YEAR
28-Apr-23 Fri Phy FLP 1ST YEAR
29-Apr-23 Sat Chem FLP 1ST YEAR
30-Apr-23 Sun Bio FLP 1ST YEAR