SUMMER INTERNSHIP

Larsen And Toubro

Project Details: Supplier Selection Optimization for effective Procurement

Over all-

After as is analysis of procurement process I found mismanagement in vendors performance data and
their was no platform to track this information. It was simply going on words of mouth and if a project
manager or any other responsible person leaves the organization all the relations and experiences went
out with him. Making the whole process less data driven having price as the sole criteria for vendor
selection.

I created a central database by identifying all the key performance indicators, their sources and
methodology to collect and calculate it. I also developed a python model helping organization in
decision making – How much quantity should be procured from which supplier with highest satisfaction
level.

Lastly I delivered a dashboard providing a quick snap of overall vendor performance, helping
stakeholders to take data driven decision.

Procurement process

Project strategy done.

Meet mohit for procurement process.

Other techniques of vendor selection

AHP
The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a method for organizing and analyzing complex decisions, using
math and psychology. AHP provides a rational framework for a needed decision by quantifying its
criteria and alternative options, and for relating those elements to the overall goal.

In my point of view, TOPSIS is used for ranking the alternatives based on the distance between the
positive and negative ideal solution. The input data could come from real data or expert judgment.
Meanwhile, AHP can be used for determining the subjective weight of criteria or ranking the alternatives
in MCDM problems based on the pairwise comparison matrices from experts.

AHP and TOPSIS are two MCDM methods as you have said. Say for example there are 10 students and
you have to select the best student among them on the basis of 5 criteria. What AHP does is that it takes
2 students at a time and compare their criteria one by one which is called comparison matrix. By doing
so AHP finds out the best among the 10 students. Total no of combination becomes  10C2 = 55 i.e. you
have to make a total of 55 comparison matrix. The criteria also need some weightage because each
criteria shall not contribute equally in choosing the best student. Hence a comparison matrix of the
criteria is also needed. As a result a total of 56 comparison matrix is created which is a lengthy process.
If in case, there are 60 students in the class, the no of comparison matrices would become ( 60C2 + 1).
Moreover of the lengthy calculation there is one more problem in AHP is selecting of decision makers.

In case of TOPSIS, all the students will be taken at a time as alternatives and they would be given score
on the basis of the criteria which is called the decision matrix. By using TOPSIS method, from the
decision matrix we can find out the best alternative. The calculation part is lessen as we can compute
the best alternative from the decision matrix. But one problem encountered in TOPSIS or other MCDM
method is computation of the weightage of the criteria. This problem is tackled by various ways like
AHP, cross-entropy, fuzzy preference programming etc etc. As I have already mentioned in the first para
that we can compute the weightage of the criteria by forming a comparison matrix for the criteria and
following the steps of AHP.

As per the second part of your question, we can use the two method separately for the same problem
but again in TOPSIS for criteria weight computation we have to depend on AHP. We can use some other
methods for weight computation but as we have already computed the criteria weights by AHP so, it is
useless to go for some other method once again for the same step.

TOPSIS

TOPSIS (technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution) is a useful technique in dealing
with multi-attribute or multi-criteria decision making (MADM/MCDM) problems in the real world

It is a ranking method. It gives both quantitative and qualitative study of the problem. Topsis
Method gives best and quick decision to our real life problems than AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process)
and FAHP (Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process) Methods.

AHP can be used for both purposes. In a first step in determines criteria weights, and in a second step it
uses those weights to determine alternatives ranking

TOPSIS determines alternatives ranking either using AHP weights or those from entropy

The largest difference between AHP and TOPSIS is that the first is irrational, because reasoning is absent,
and replaced by arbitrary preferences, while the second is rational, based in actual values and reasoning.
How fuzzy helps

In general, a fuzzy system is any system whose variables (or, at least, some of them) range over states
that are fuzzy numbers rather than real numbers. These fuzzy numbers may represent linguistic
terms such as “very small,” “medium,” and so on, as interpreted in a particular context. If they do, the
variables are called linguistic variables.

Each linguistic variable is defined in terms of a base variable, whose values are real numbers within a
specific range. A base variable is a variable in the usual sense, as exemplified by any physical variable
(e.g., temperature, pressure, electric current, magnetic flux, etc.) as well as any other numerical variable
(e.g., interest rate, blood count, age, performance, etc.). In a linguistic variable, linguistic terms
representing approximate values of a base variable, relevant to a particular application, are captured by
approximate fuzzy numbers. That is, each linguistic variable consists of the following elements:

• A name, which should capture the meaning of the base variable involved

• A base variable with its range of values (a closed interval of real numbers)

• A set of linguistic terms that refer to values of the base variable

• A semantic rule, which assigns to each linguistic term its meaning—an appropriate fuzzy number
defined on the range of the base variable

An example of a linguistic variable is shown in Fig. 3. Its name is “performance,” which captures the
meaning of the associated base variable—a variable that expresses the performance (in percentage) of a
goal-oriented entity (a person, machine, organization, method, etc.) in some context by real numbers in
the interval [0,100], Linguistic values (states) of the linguistic variable are “very
small,” “small,” “medium,” “large,” and “very large.” Each of these linguistic terms is assigned one of the
trapezoidal-shaped fuzzy numbers by a semantic rule, as shown in Fig. 3.
What were criteria’s
What were challenges faced/ Were their any changes recommended/ Were their any resistance when
you tried to implemented it/ Conflict in internship

1-implimentation

S,t-During my internship I was in a complex situation, my task was to simulate complex vendor selection
process on a model and at the same time it should be simple enough for the user.

a-For this I shifted my model from excel to python and defined functions for each purpose so that user
could simply use excel sheet to input bulk data and get results.

r-This increased the overall scale and reduced redundancy of the process.

2- Patience and clarifications

I had to be very patient when I needed any clarifications or support from organization as the waiting
time was very high.

A control chart offers a way of taking the details involved in creating and improving a process and having
one chart that shows the outcome. That’s vital information because processes fall under four states:
ideal, threshold of ideal, on the brink of chaos and in a state of chaos.

Too many organizations wait until the last one before making changes.

Why Six Sigma Control Charts Are Important

The importance of a control chart can be summed up in one idea: All systems tend to gravitate toward a
state of chaos.

Left without the helping hand of continuous process improvement and analysis, any process or
operation – from the factory floor to the reception desk at a hospital to your home office – will slip
eventually into chaos. It’s just a matter of time.

Much like a value process map plots out every step of a process and determines where errors and
consistencies lurk, a control chart offers a way to determine whether the overall process is resulting in
the best outcome possible.

It does so by measuring variation. All variations fall into two overall groups.

Common-cause variation – This type of variation is inherent in a process. Common-cause variation is

anticipated but typically falls within control limits. This type of variation is random – no actions by one
person or combination of factors led to the variation, and therefore it’s impossible to eliminate
completely.

Special-cause variation – This type of variation is non-random and happens through the actions of a
person or some combination of factors within an operation. These are the errors or poorly conceived
process designs that can be fixed or eliminated.
Knowing the type of variation in a process is valuable information. A control chart detects which  type of
variation is happening. It allows you to understand when and when not to act, as well as understand
whether a process is in control or trending toward the brink of chaos.

Designing the Control Chart

Establishing the centerline for the control chart requires you to first determine what data you need to
chart.

A simple example: You want to get to work on time every day. The centerline would show what time you
arrived at work every day over a set period. For companies, the centerline might show the number of
sales made in a fiscal quarter. A hospital might record the time it takes to admit a patient.

Then, you must establish control limits that indicate an acceptable range of variation. In other words,
what is the expected common-cause, random variation that is inherent in the process? This is
established by incorporating data over an extended period of time.

Using the simple example of when you get to work, you might establish a time that is 10 minutes late
and 10 minutes early, a time range that considers the random common-cause variations inherent in a
commute. That is, car accidents, severe weather slowing drivers, a traffic jam at particular locations, etc.

Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a systematic, proactive method for evaluating a process to
identify where and how it might fail and to assess the relative impact of different failures, in order to
identify the parts of the process that are most in need of change. FMEA includes review of the following:

 Steps in the process

 Failure modes (What could go wrong?)

 Failure causes (Why would the failure happen?)

 Failure effects (What would be the consequences of each failure?)

Teams use FMEA to evaluate processes for possible failures and to prevent them by correcting the
processes proactively rather than reacting to adverse events after failures have occurred. This emphasis
on prevention may reduce risk of harm to both patients and staff. FMEA is particularly useful in
evaluating a new process prior to implementation and in assessing the impact of a proposed change to
an existing process.

Plan-Do-Check-Act

 Transport. The transport waste is defined as any material movement that doesn't directly
support immediate production. ...

 Inventory. ...

 Motion. ...

 Waiting. ...

 Overproduction. ...
  Over-processing. ...

 Defects. ...

 Unutilized talent.

Model testing

Kitna data mila

Kitne par test kiya

On an avg kitne delivery hoti hongi

Learning’s

Had you been physically present what more you could have done ?

Who were you reporting ?

P1. Identified data requirements, KPIs, data sources to create a central database for 90+ vendors
selection process.

Under my action plan, first I identified 17 critical criteria’s for a vendor. After this I carried these criteria’s
and matched it with the organization in which I was working. And then removed six criteria’s based on
complexity, acceptability, data available, significance for industry. Once these criteria’s were filtered
next was to point out sources from where it would be collected and then collate them in a single
location dedicated to track vendor performance.

What were criteria’s.

What is a kpi

What six criteria you removed

P2. Implemented Fuzzy Logic to reduce error in computing linguistic criteria weightage for selection
model

Once individual criteria rating for vendor has been received next step was to calculate the overall
vendor performance rating which needed weights of criteria’s based on criticality of raw material and
stakeholders priority.

For that I conducted a survey among industry expert’s as them how significantely this fator affects the
vendor evaluation as per them. And these responses were in linguistic terms which were further
converted into triangular fuzzy number reducing error from calculation. Further equations were
designed to convert absolute number into fuzzy numbers for creating a fuzzy decision matrix.

Computed total value propositions for 2500+ units including vendor and product using TOPSIS method

Topsis stands for technique for order performance by similarity to deal with multi criteria decision
making. End result of this technique is closeness coefficient, higher the closeness coefficient more the
value it is adding to the organization and better it is to be considered.

Devised interactive dashboard on Power BI to ease interaction with model & performance rating
visualization

Under my third deliverable I has to deliver a quick snap of vendors overall performance and make the
whole process more data driven. For that I devised dashboard with two sections in it. One representing
vendor’s performance rating and the other one giving information of number of units to be procured
from each vendor.

WHAT WAS DASHBOARD SHOWING

Proposed utilization of Row level security for improved data confidentiality among multiple
dashboard users

Scope of model was broad covering multiple projects across different IC’s raising a concern of
unauthorized data sharing. For this I proposed company to utilize row level security feature in power bi
trough which they can filter out data being displayed on screen based on login user id. Thus reducing
unwanted data complexity and unauthorized data sharing across different projects.

How row level security does that

Designed and deployed SQL procedures for reducing 40% extract, transform, load time on data
warehouse
Once the model was completed it was observed that multiple manual interventions were required for
different task like updating latest data or preprocessing it. Which consumes times and may also
introduce errors in the system. For this I used events, stored procedures in SQL and functions in python
to automate the extract, load and transformation process helping user to reduce time and chances of
error.

Culled suppliers using Multi choice goal Programming in Python expecting 15% reduction in delivery
delay

This goal programming model was deployed using gurobi. In this 3 goals were satisfied providing the
optimum solution of how much units should be procured. I also deployed some constraints including
demand constraints to satisfy the given conditions. Once result were obtained for a sample data set it
was compared with the original quantity procured and found that there was improvement of
approximately 15%.

Fractal Analytics

Project Title: Sentiment Analysis for a Fortune 500 company (Client)

Overall- Objective of project was to avail client a tool to gain consumer insights through voice of
counsumer model.

Task- For this we had to make a model which can take ecommerce text review as an input and on the
output side we get that towards what particular performance parameters this review is pointing and
what sentiment it holds, positive or negative.

Action- We filtered out corpus of high frequency words used by consumer to express their emotions.
And then used natural language toolkit in python for knowing the sentiment of line carrying those high
frequency words.

Result- This model help client to reduce new product launch, competitor analysis and track the pain
point amid post purchase customer experience.

Packaging Quality Experience Price Side effects Convenience Shipment Delivery

Employed Vader, rule-based sentiment analysis tool from Natural Language TKfor analyzing customer
reviews

Our goal was to find out upto which extent a sentence is positive or negative we made use of vader tool
from natural language tool kit in python. Vader is a lexicon and rule based sentiment analysis specifically
attuned to sentiments expressed in social media. This help us to find out positivity and negativity score.

As a result we were able to categorize positive, negative and neutral reviews.

Designed & deployed corpus of 200+ individual words, bigrams representing KPIs for product
performance

In order to increase accuracy of the model we had find out to which feature of product this review is
pointing out.
To achieve this corpus was made by filtering out high frequency words which consumer’s were
repitatively using to express their emotions.

So, we just search for those key words and process those particular lines, Making input data more clean
thus optimizing the overall model.

Increased scope of gaining customer insights by using Microsoft API for translating non-English
reviews

Data provided from client side included reviews from non English countries also. We need to process
that for this we used microgoft api translator and converted these reviews from non English to English
language.

Achieved project expansion from 6 to 24 category & country combination by implementing voice of
consumer model

Prakruthi ventures

Project Title: Strategy Formulation for Business Management Software Company (Client)

Overall- This was short project I did in my alumni’s company- Prakruthi ventures. The objective was to
make connections with alumni’s and have a hand on over strategy related concepts.

Task- I was asked to help a saas provider, which was into process excellence software’s, specifically one
in idea management field and other one in customer excellence.

Action- I conducted competitor analysis, VRIO analysis, features analysis, competency analysis and
devised strategic grouping, swot matrix, getting customer’s feedback.

In the end we wee able to give some recommendation from our side and also help company establish a
network.

Formulated GTM strategy for new products across Customer journey mapping & Idea management
application

We had to help company in differentiating their products already existing in market. For this had to find
out who are our local and global competitors. At what price they are providing their services. What are
the features that now have become order qualifiers from being a order winner. Helped company in
performing strategic group analysis and find out in which group they can utilize their competency to the
fullest. Finally we suggested few recommendations based on the analysis we made-

1. Company should use sales representative’s for sales rather that investing highly on website
advertisement.
2. Main target segment should be large organisation’s and design thinking personnel
3. We availed some intern resources for the company for future analysis.

Conducted competitor analysis and devised Network Strategy & Ecosystem Approach for Business
Growth
Mondelez International Limited

Project Title: Improved Service level of Packaging Materials inventory

Overall- At the time when I was given this project their were systematic calculation of safety stocks of
packaging materials sku’s was done.

Task- I was provided with past year daily production data and was asked to calculate safety stock for
each sku of packaging material and calculated the extra capacity that our vendors were having

Action- I calculated safety stock for each sku using service level, lead time and standard deviation as a
parameter. Then actual demand for each sku’s were calculated followed by capacity matrix formulation
for each vendor based on their capacity. Using this matrix in solver tool random allocations were done
for vendors meeting the demand constraints.

Result- As a test, current year month data was used as a demand and it was found that all the vendor
have high excess capacities leading to zero stockout. Recommendation were made to rellok in capacity
allocation for vendors release resources for other uses.

Calculated and Designed Safety stock norms of packaging material of 25+ SKUs having variable CSL

I had to calculate safety stocks for multiple sku’s having different service level.

For this I asked company for lead time, service level required and production data for sku’s . Leveraging
the formula I calculated safety stock and added it with product demand to calculate actual demand.

Conceptualized and Formulated Capacity Matrix of vendors based upon mold availability and capacity

Company was associated with multiple vendors having different moulds and dies. Along with this they
also had different daily production capacity.

My task was to allocate number of units to be procured for vendors satisfying the demand and
calculating the extra capacity they have.

As a result we found that high percentage of capacity was available which can be utilized for other
purposes.

Implemented inventory & Packaging material allocation strategy & achieved 0 stockout for all SKUs

UKP Iron and Steel work

Project Engineer

Project Details: Planning and Execution of Fabrication Projects

Overall-

The firm is a sub contractor for the Iocl, hp, bp and Indian railways producing different oriducts as per
project requirements. My role was related to project planning, coordinating and controlling of project.

The firm is a sub contractor for the Iocl, hp, bp and Indian railways producing different oriducts as per
project requirements. This included the planning of production information in detail, what work, in what
quantity and upto when it should be done, covering the sequence of work to be followed. Through this
estimating the final deadline and keep a track on it. The role also include assigning the task and passing
on instructions , also keeping a check on the quality and progress. I follow up the process and keep
checking that specifications are being met or not.

A PERT chart is a project management tool that provides a graphical representation of

a project's timeline. The Program Evaluation Review Technique (PERT) breaks down the individual tasks
of a project for analysis.

PERT and Gantt charts are visualization tools that are often used in project management. Both of these
charts are used for task scheduling, controlling, and administering the tasks necessary for the
completion of a project. The difference between them is that a PERT chart is a kind of network diagram,
while a Gantt chart is a bar chart.
What is the PERT Chart?

PERT Chart is an acronym for (Program Evaluation and Review Technique). A PERT chart is a project
management tool used to schedule, organize, and coordinate tasks within a project. It is a method to
analyze the tasks involved in completing a given project, especially the time needed to complete each
task and to identify the minimum time needed to complete the total project.

What is a Gantt Chart?

A Gantt chart is a type of horizontal bar chart commonly used in project management, which is a visual
view of tasks scheduled overtime. It provides a graphical visualization of a schedule that helps to plan,
coordinate, and track specific tasks (or elements) in a project.

Gantt chart boils down multiple tasks and timelines into a single page. Using a Gantt chart allows all
stakeholders to perceive the same schedule information, sets mutually understood expectations, and
conducts their efforts according to the desired protocol. The Gantt chart tool provides a visual timeline
for the start and end of tasks, making it clear how tasks are interrelated and perhaps rely on the
completion of another before one can start.
PERT vs Gantt Chart

PERT charts are network diagrams that use boxes to represent tasks and arrows to present
dependencies between tasks. The boxes are laid out from left to right, but there is no fixed Y-axis with
dates. The first box, or root, is centered vertically on the left side, and the subsequent tasks can be
drawn anywhere along the Y-axis. Arrows can point to the right, up or down, but never to the left.

Gantt charts are bar graphs. The X-axis contains dates and the Y-axis lists separate tasks. On each line of
the Y-axis, the chart depicts a bar positioned to extend from the task’s start date to its end date. Tasks
are listed in the start-date order.

PERT vs Gantt Example

A Pert Chart:
The ‘Gantt Chart version” of the PERT Chart above:

Summary

Because the PERT Chart clearly illustrates task dependencies, a PERT chart sometimes is preferred over
the Gantt chart (another popular project management charting). While the PERT chart can be harder to
interpret, especially for large-scale projects. Most often, project managers use both techniques in order
to serve multiple purposes.

On the contrary, a Gantt chart does not show clear dependencies or relationships between tasks and
also fails to provide enough information for showing the critical path and as well as the detail
information for each of the activities.

We can summarize the differences between the two as listed in the table below:

Gantt chart PERT chart

Gantt chart is defined as the bar chart. PERT chart is similar to a network diagram

Gantt chart was developed by Henry L. Gantt. PERT chart was developed by the United States navy.

Gantt chart is often used for Small Projects PERT chart can be used  for large and complex Projects

Gantt chart focuses on the time required to complete a task PERT chart focuses on the dependency of relationships

PERT chart could be sometimes confusing and compl

Gantt chart is simpler and more straightforward
for visualizing critical path
 Liaised with clients to ensure coordinated project tracking & performed utilization analysis of
resources

As our project was part of the other larger project. I was needed to coordinate with the other
departments such as civil departments and electrical department so that optimum resource utilization
was their. For that I liased with the client and use to update him the progress of project and receive the
information regarding any specifications changed and information needed for better coordination.
 Performed RCA using 5-Why method & ensured proper allocation of manpower based on the skillset
required

I observed that the firm was having the problem of customer satisfaction. I performed the root cause
analysis and found that issue was with the quality of the products. The welding and measurement was
not upto the mark. Further I drilled down the man, machine and material factor. The reason was
improper allocation of workforce such as a person proficient in welding. If he is appointed with local
customer product where it is of no use because there the product is not going to bear high load but
measurement is a important factor there

Whereas the government project need high quality welding because it will face very high load. So there
welding proficiency is very much required.

So we ensured the proper allocation of manpower based on the skill set required.

 What is RCA

 What factors did you considered

Quality, welding, man, error, allocation

 What are other techniques of rca method

 Scheduled activities using Gantt charts & curated activity plan using CPM for timely execution of
projects

As our project was part of the other larger project. I was needed to coordinate with the other
departments such as civil departments , rb’s and electrical department. To avoid rework, scheduling the
activities and proper capacity utilization firm coordinated with the contractor using the gantt chart. But I
also use to make a network diagram for myself at the smaller level for finding out what activities are
needed to be done, their sequence and have an idea of critical time.

What are other scheduling techniques?

 Reduced 40% loading cost and 1250+ manhours by designing 3-axis pulley system to facilitate
loading

s- A very rigorous part of the work content at my firm was loading of products into trucks for final
delivery. These products use to weight more than a ton. All these parameters made the task risky and
body crunching activity. The firm often uses to face absenteeism and accidents due to this.

T,a - I decided to work on it and came up with an innovative idea of 3 axis pulley system to pick up the
product and load it into the truck. The system was made inhouse with the combined effort of me and
my team
R- and finally, we were able to reduce loading cost by approximately half and reduce the risk associated
with the task.

5 days interval 10 to 11 workers involved 4 hours of work total 1825 reduced 1250 extra in starting

Add here

 What was the total cost incurred in the system?

2.5 lakh

 What was the design

We use rings and ball bearing for the movement of the structure

 Challenges faced while the project

To convince the stakeholder since high initial investment was there 1.9-2 lakh

 Increased 20% production capacity by identifying the bottleneck and increasing machine work
content

While workin0g in the firm I saw products piling up in front of cutting process and welding man sitting
idle most of the time. Through flow diagram I found that manual cutting process was acting as a
bottleneck. I initiated the use of machine in work content and employed pipecutter for the cutting
process. This reduced the workforce required straight to half and reduced the time of operation by 35%.
Which increased the production capacity of firm by 20% .

40% angle+others 60% rest 1.5 times more work so 20%

On an average .7*.5

 What did you do with the extra workforce

Helping material to bring to the machine

 Difference between production capacity and output

 What is a bottleneck

A bottleneck is a point of congestion in a production system (such as an assembly line or a computer

network) that occurs when workloads arrive too quickly for the production process to handle.
A bottleneck can have a significant impact on the flow of manufacturing and can sharply increase the
time and expense of production.

A bottleneck affects the level of production capacity that a firm can achieve each month.

Bottlenecks and Production Capacity

A bottleneck affects the level of production capacity that a firm can achieve each month. Theoretical
capacity assumes that a company can produce at maximum capacity at all times. This concept assumes
no machine breakdowns, bathroom breaks, or employee vacations.

Because theoretical capacity is not realistic, most businesses use practical capacity to manage
production. This level of capacity assumes downtime for machine repairs and employee time off.
Practical capacity provides a range for which different processes can operate efficiently without breaking
down. Go above the optimum range and the risk increases for a bottleneck due to a breakdown of one
or more processes.

If a company finds that its production capacity is inadequate to meet its production goals, it has several
options at its disposal. Company management could decide to lower their production goals in order to
bring them in line with their production capacity. Or, they could work to find solutions that
simultaneously prevent bottlenecks and increase production. Companies often use capacity
requirements planning (CRP) tools and methods to determine and meet production goals.

Bottlenecks and Production Variances

A variance in the production process is the difference between budgeted and actual results. Managers
analyze variances to make changes, including changes to remove bottlenecks. If actual labor costs are
much higher than budgeted amounts, the manager may determine that a bottleneck is delaying
production and wasting labor hours. If management can remove the bottleneck, labor costs can be
reduced.

A bottleneck can also cause a material variance if materials are exposed to spoilage or possible damage
as they sit on the factory floor waiting to be used in production. Bottlenecks may be resolved by
increasing capacity utilization, finding new suppliers, automating labor processes, and creating better
forecasts for consumer demand.

Planned & Coordinated weekly sprints in a team of 15 members as a Scrum master in running
projects

This included the planning of production information in detail, what work, in what quantity and upto
when it should be done, Followed by sequence of work to be followed. The role also include assigning
the task and informing related instructions , also keeping a check on the quality and progress. I follow
up the process and keep checking that specifications are being met or not.

Hierarchy kyat hi

Owner/ Proprietor and executive assistance to owner

2 project engineeris
4 supervisors

28-32 labours

Turnover kyat ha

3,2 cr

Challenge

s- Our firm uses to face regular absenteeism especially when the share of government projects was
higher than the local one. These things resulted in delay's and the firm was not able to match deadlines.

t- I had to find the root cause of the problem and solve the issue

a-I started involving more with the workers whenever I use to get the time and gain insights into what
they think about the business, what can be done, and others. After gaining the insights I detected the
problem that some of our workers were not happy to go and work on-site because of their family
constraint. The company changed the recruitment policy accordingly and started recruiting people from
outside areas especially for on-site projects.

R- this help company to avoid delays and provide greater job satisfaction

When I first joined as an engineer I was not able to coordinated with ground workers as it was my
perception that they don’t have any technical knowledge. Because of this their use to be tensions and
delay in task. Then my junior told me that even though they did not went to any college but they are
well experienced in their work and know their work very well. I took that positively and then started
respecting their suggestions And started coordinating well with them. As a result joyfull environment in
team was established.

s- A very rigorous part of the work content at my firm was loading of products into trucks for final
delivery. These products use to weight more than a ton. All these parameters made the task risky and
body crunching activity. The firm often uses to face absenteeism and accidents due to this.

T,a - I decided to work on it and came up with an innovative idea of 3 axis pulley system to pick up the
product and load it into the truck. The system was made inhouse with the combined effort of me and
my team

R- and finally, we were able to reduce loading cost by approximately half and reduce the risk associated
with the task.

Resistance

s- Our firm uses to face regular absenteeism especially when the share of government projects was
higher than the local one. These things resulted in delay's and the firm was not able to match deadlines.

t- I had to find the root cause of the problem and solve the issue

a-I started involving more with the workers whenever I use to get the time and gain insights into what
they think about the business, what can be done, and others. After gaining the insights I detected the
problem that some of our workers were not happy to go and work on-site because of their family
constraint. The company changed the recruitment policy accordingly and started recruiting people from
outside areas especially for on-site projects.

R- this help company to avoid delays and provide greater job satisfaction

When I first joined as an engineer I was not able to coordinated with ground workers as it was my
perception that they don’t have any technical knowledge. Because of this their use to be tensions and
delay in task. Then my junior told me that even though they did not went to any college but they are
well experienced in their work and know their work very well. I took that positively and then started
respecting their suggestions And started coordinating well with them. As a result joyfull environment in
team was established.

Have you worked usnder pressure

Scrum master

Responsible

In most organizations, when someone is given responsibility they are concurrently given the authority
necessary for success. ScrumMasters are in a different situation. While a ScrumMaster does not assume
responsibility for the success of the project—that remains with the team—a ScrumMaster does assume
responsibility for the team’s adoption of Scrum and practice of it. A ScrumMaster takes on this
responsibility without assuming any of the power that might be useful in achieving in it.

A ScrumMaster’s role is similar to that of an orchestra conductor. Both must provide real-time guidance
and leadership to a talented collection of individuals who come together to create something that no
one of them could create alone. Boston Pops conductor Keith Lockhart has said of his role, “People
assume that when you become a conductor you’re into some sort of a Napoleonic thing—that you want
to stand on that big box and wield your power. I’m not a power junkie, I’m a responsibility junkie.” 1 In an
identical manner, a good ScrumMaster thrives on responsibility—that special type of responsibility that
comes without power.

Humble

A good ScrumMaster is not in it for ego. A good ScrumMaster will take pride (often immense pride) in
her achievements but the feeling will be “Look what I helped accomplish” rather than the more self-
centered “Look what I accomplished.” A humble ScrumMaster is one who realizes the job does not come
with a company car or parking spot near the building entrance. Rather than putting his own needs first,
a humble ScrumMaster is willing to do whatever is necessary to help the team achieve its goal. Humble
ScrumMasters recognize the value in all team members and by example lead others to the same
opinion.

Collaborative

A good ScrumMaster will work to ensure a collaborative culture exists within the team. The
ScrumMaster needs to make sure team members feel able to raise issues for open discussion and that
they feel supported in doing so. The ScrumMaster should help create a collaborative atmosphere for the
team through his words and actions. However, beyond modeling a collaborative attitude, a good
ScrumMaster will establish collaboration as the team norm and will call out inappropriate behavior (if
not already done by other team members).

Committed

While the ScrumMaster role does not always require a full-time, eight-hour-a-day commitment, it does
require someone in the role who is fully committed to it. The ScrumMaster must feel the same high level
of commitment to the project and the goals of the current sprint as do team members.

A ScrumMaster should not end very many days with impediments raised by the team that are left
unaddressed. A team’s impediment list cannot be swept clean by the end of every day because some
impediments take time to remove. For example, convincing a manager to dedicate a full-time resource
to the team may take a series of discussions with some time between them.

While the ScrumMaster may not be a full-time job, the ScrumMaster should plan on being the
ScrumMaster for the full duration of the project. It is very disruptive for a team to change ScrumMasters
in midstream.

Influential

To be successful a ScrumMaster will need to influence others both on the team and outside it. Initially,
team members may need to be influenced to give Scrum a fair trial or to behave more collaboratively;
later a ScrumMaster may influence a team to try new technical practices such as test-driven
development or pair programming. A ScrumMaster should know how to exert influence without
resorting to a command-and-control “because I say so” style.

Most ScrumMasters will also be called upon to influence those outside the team. A traditional team may
need to be convinced to provide a partial implementation to the Scrum team, a QA director may need to
be influenced to dedicate full-time testers to the project, or a vice president may need to be convinced
to try Scrum at all.

While all ScrumMasters should know how to use their personal influence, the ideal ScrumMaster will
come with a degree of corporate political skill. Corporate politics is often used pejoratively; however, a
ScrumMaster who knows how decisions are made in the organization, who makes them, which
coalitions exist, and so on can be an asset to a team

Knowledgeable

The best ScrumMasters have the technical, market, or specific knowledge to help the team in pursuit of
its goal. LaFasto and Larson have studied successful teams and their leaders and have concluded that
“an intimate and detailed knowledge of how something works increases the chance of the leader
helping the team surface the more subtle technical issues that must be addressed.” LaFasto and Larson
note that the knowledge may be broad rather than deep but that team leaders (such as ScrumMasters)
“need to be conversant around the key technical issues.” 2

Whether your team is able to select its own ScrumMaster or you are selecting one for the team, keeping
these six key attributes in mind will help point you toward the person who will best fulfill the role of
ScrumMaster.
Although there are some learnable aspects of leadership, leadership is often identified as something
that comes naturally to certain personalities. Therefore, it is no surprise that certain people can act as
better servant leaders and better Scrum Masters.

Let's look at some characteristics that will help you master with your Scrum Master Role.

1. Communication

This is a given, in any role. However, as a scrum master you are listening, comprehending, repeating,
summarizing, energizing, observing, writing, simplifying, critiquing, suggesting, asserting, chatting,
presenting - all in one. Each conversation merits its own synergy and skill.

2. Taking responsibility

You are a representative of your team. If you are able to build and gain their trust, then you should be
able to stand up for them and be proud to represent them whether they have achieved success / lesser
success.

3. Appreciate the goodness

Humans can be judgemental but to go above and beyond in appreciating your team member's efforts
and allowing them to progress and succeed takes real leadership, that will definitely command the
respect of your team.

4. Neutrality

Being neutral is not the same as being diplomatic. For any challenge, decisions should be taken on the
basis of validation and merit, instead of who you are friends with. This can lead to very tough decisions.

5. Leadership without powers

Generally the term master assumes some level of control in a team, however, in this case it is a
directional leader who cannot punish when team members go astray. Hence, it is key to build trust and
show the importance of following a decision, which can be quite demanding compared to a leader who
can force decisions.

6. Detail as needed
A scrum master can be involved in a very detailed decision which determines the solution to a problem
or in a discussion that maps the strategy of an implementation. Regardless of the level of detail, you
should be able to switch gears.

7. Multitasker

Assuming an ideal team of 7 plus minus 2, you are responsible for running a machine today and planning
for tomorrow, while assessing events of yesterday. Add to this mix, regulatory and managerial catchups
and planning for the next sprint and release - you got to be good at juggling and time management.

8. Gauge importance

Rome was not built in a day but it is key to keep assessing what is important at any given time.
Prioritizing and managing expectations is important to deliver the best MVP and to maintain good
relations. I know fire accidents happen but try not to burn bridges.

9 Light hearted

All work and no fun makes a scrum master very dull indeed. Having fun is not just for you but also for
your team. Just having some time in the sprint when your team is not thinking about work can be
energizing and rewarding. At the same time, no problem is a big problem. A cool mind leads to better
focus and better problem solving experience.

10.Problem solver

If you like seeing the light at the end of the tunnel - being scrum master will be super fun.

Never fear to try out something new, for at the end of the experience, you would have only gained, not
lost.

https://www.simplilearn.com/scrum-values-and-principles-article

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/whats-difference-scrum-master-vs-project-manager-steven-yee-csm/

https://www.cips.org/knowledge/procurement-topics-and-skills/operations-management/just-in-time/

What was growth

Monetory terms only, further you can become subcontractor.

Products

MS STRUCTRURE, TRENCH COVER, SHINAGE, TRUSS, HOARDINGS

How do you measure utilization

There are many formulas that calculate resource utilization. One of the simplest is:

Resource utilization = busy time / available time

This will give you a value that can be then changed to a percentage of how much of your team’s time is
spent working.

But even this simple formula can get complicated as you begin to question the figures to use in the
equation. For example, are you using actual working time from timesheets, or what you planned the
working time to be prior to execution?

Two more variables are holidays and whatever paid time off your team has. Therefore, you should
consider how often you need to track your team’s utilization. Depending on your project, you might
want to do so more regularly.

There’s also something called full-time equivalent (FTE), which is also a means to figure out the available
work hours of your team. Basically, it’s the hours worked by one full-time team member. FTE converts
the hours of part-time workers into that of a full-time worker.

Situation when you worked under pressure

s- their was a on site project in iocl terminal lucknow, a place where all these fuels are stored, so the
safety standards and time constraints were very high. Leaving very less men hours for working.

T- My task was to find someways to complete it on time.

A- Firstly I reduced travelling time by renting a place nearby site for my team. Then I coordinated
with my team and requested them to have a heavy breakfast to cut short their tea and lunch
time. Further I use to drive early morning to site, do the formalities for entry and give tool box
talk for safety purpose.

R- with these and some other steps I was able to complete my project within given timeline

Any changes that you would recommended

????????

How does your day look like

I reach my workplace by 8;30-8:45, and have a daily meet with other stake holders regarding any update
on new task or any changes. If there is I collect information regarding the same and adjust plan my
according to it. Further I assign task regarding the ongoing task and parrallely check weather the raw
material is available. Then updating this information with executive. Keep a check on the ongoing task
weather the specifications are being met on not. Then lastly updating the stakeholders with progress
made and tomorrows plan.
Tata Consultancy Services

Project Title: IPL bidding price prediction

Overall- The project was done while interning at tata consultancy services. The idea was to predict
player bidding price based on their past performances ,having factors such as runs average boundaries
sixes. We employed different python libraries pandas, scikit learn for the process. Ultimately we wanted
to create a relationship between the independent variable and dependent variable for that we used
linear regression. We optimized the model using the k fold cross validation technique Finally the 85.51%
was achieved by the model. At the end assessment I was awarded excellect grade in the internship and
was offered a ppi.

Applied Machine Learning algorithm to predict player bidding price based on historical data using
Python Achievement

Awarded a PPI & ‘Excellent’ grade in the final assessment for achieving 85.51% accuracy for the model
To reduce the error associated with selection of test data set we used k fold cross validation. We got 20
data sets as an output therefore 20 differents models .Error was calculated comparing the price predicted
with the test data set .For calculation of error we used rmse and r squared method , for both of them
maximum ,minimum, and average value was calculated.

Since the data was taken from different sites it was heterogenous having repeated names and different
currency terminologies. We processed the data to make it homogenous and remove the redundancy from
the data. Further coefficient of correlation was calculated to find relevant factors. ,and remove the non
relevant data
In order to find the equation constants of correlated factors regression plot was used. The equation of best
fit line gave the constants. Further to reduce the error associated with selection of test data set we used k
fold cross validation. In k-fold cross-validation, the original sample is randomly partitioned into k equal
sized subsamples. Of the k subsamples, a single subsample is retained as the validation data for testing the
model, and the remaining k − 1 subsamples are used as training data. The cross-validation process is then
repeated k times, with each of the k subsamples used exactly once as the validation data. We choose the
value of k 20 to have a better optimization.

Ethics Officer, Enactus NITIE

Organized a National level Case Study Competition, Empower 4.0 under Avartan 2021, NITIE

This competition was organized by enactus under national fest of nitie known as avartan. Teams were
needed to submitted there ideas based the 5 sdg’s that were predefined by us. Further selected ideas
were presented in front of jury members. Idea was judge on the basing of relevance to topic, innovation,
feasibility and presentation and then final result and certificated were conveyed.

Randomness was mainteaned at any point by many panels among members and then ramdomly
distributing submissions among them. Then jury members from reputed company were invited also 1
third member from our college was involved.
Whever any material was needed to be procured forcommitiee, multiple quataions were needed to be
submitted by different vendors then I use to cross check prices online and then only approval of pic was
demanded for updating him from thr process.

Kala[-p0o9ki m8juhd3ea1`65467YT78U

Annapurna

Jalsinchan

Designed & deployed social entrepreneurship projects helping people from underprivileged
communities

Overall-

We have three major task to execute under enactus-

One is to Design & deploy social entrepreneurship projects helping people from underprivileged
communities. Second is to organize a National level Case Study Competition, and third one is committee
selection process.

My role was to maintain the transparency and ethics in all the process. I ensured randomdess in decision
making process and involved our professor incharge wherever possible for fulfilling my duties. Till this
date we have sussessfully deployed 3 social entrepreneurship projects and now passing our batton to
juniors.

SDG 1: No Poverty

SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being

SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation

SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities

SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production

 The SDGs were set up in 2015 by the United Nations General Assembly and are intended to be achieved
by the year 2030

Served as Executive Coordinator, Dramatics club, organizing 20+ events and competitions

I started the journey as a member in the club and moved upto executive coordinator.

My duties included organizing more than 20 different events and competitions under dramatics club.
Guiding and passing the batton of responsibilities to juniors. Representing dramatics clubs in annual
cultural fest and different other competiotions. Writiinf and performing the street play on behalf of the
dramatics club and performing it at competions and various public places to spread social awareness

I was the organizer for the fest, my job role included,

Communicating and inviting different educational institutes to take part in the comptetion. Lead the
team to bring the sponsorship and raise funds for the event. Planning and scheduling different
competitions of the fest and ensure smooth running. . Coordinating with the technical team to ensure
smooth run of the events. Managing more than 1000 students on the d day with a team of 30 members
including activities such as prize, certificate and refreshment distribution.

Which role did you liked the most and why

HOW DID YOU FIND SCHOLARSHIPS, NEP , FROM THAT PERSPECTIVE ..BYJUS THING., what did you give
back to the company -promotions, footfalls….for restaurents foods..copy

how did you promote them,- first there connections, through ppt and short vedios we made pitch

how did you coordinated.

Designed & organized autonomous robot events as Assistant Coordinator, Robotics club

This event was organized under annual technical fest of college – gantavya

Task- My task was to Designed & organized autonomous robot events

Action- My job roles included-

Design the layout and problem structure of autonomous robotic event. Coordinating with juniors to
get the set up ready for the event. Promotion of the event and ensurethe maximum participation.
Conducting autonomous robotics classes for juniors

Data Analytics Professional certification by Google

Operation Research, Taiwan University

Selected for Idea presentation round in National level case study Reckitt Benckiser Global Challenge

Awarded a ppi for global business services role through deloitte case avenger event

Attained the first position at International Autonomous Robotic Championship with 250+ teams

The autonomous robots are the robots which take there decisions on their own without any human
intervention. The competition was held at IIT Kanpur with more than 250+ national teams and 5
international teams. The problem startement include line following, maze solving, wall following and
avoiding the obstacles. The robot used c language programmed in aurdino ide. The sensors used were
infrared and ultrasonic sensors. The team used encoders to have a better control and smooth
movement of the robot. We also incorporated pid controller to reduce the error and achieve the
stability in system.
The team won the competition consecutively for two years, second in 2017 and first prize in 2018.

Use of these robots in fmcg

whether that is moving stock during picking, retrieving replenishment or transferring bulk stock. 

These robots can work in dark warehouse and under extreme conditions not very suitable for human to
work like cold storages.

WHO CAN BE OUR CLIENTS

Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) under Ministry of Defence,  ..

Read more at:

https://government.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/technology/robots-gaining-momentum-in-
government/73184788

https://analyticsindiamag.com/what-are-the-key-ai-initiatives-of-indian-government/

SMARTEST ROBOT IN WORLD

Sophia (robot)

Sophia in 2018

Manufacturer Hanson Robotics

Inventor David Hanson

Country Hong Kong (manufacturer) Saudi Arabia (citizenship)

Year of creation 2016

Honda Motor Corporation's Asimo h

STEPS TAKEN BY GOVNT FOR PROMOTING ROBOTS

Shortlisted to present the Start-up Idea to StartinUP officials of Uttar Pradesh government

It was in the third year of my college when I came up with a startup idea. The idea as a whole was to
convert the unorganized sector of housemaids into an organized one and use them as a channel for
customers to avail local service with ease. We decided to run a bootstrap model in a small area in order
to find factors guiding the strategy and feasibility of idea . There was no financial help or mentorship
available for the team. The team also faced the social criticism for the nature of start up. But In the hard
times, the team kept its moral high and finally completed the 3 months exercise with more than 200
participants and achieved the heights. Finally, the idea was selected in ib hubs and presented in front of
start in up officials of up government.

WHY DON’T YOU GO FOR THIS—

Sir, first of all it was not a full fledged startup, but a small exercise of 2 month done for the competition
collecting the feasility and viability data related to idea. We performed so well that In this journey only
ib hubs(an incubator) made us to present our idea to up government official team. At last we presented
all our find to the jury members. Ufortunately we did not win the final round but we came out with a
lots of learnings.

WHAT WERE THE LEARNING—

During the journey I felt I growed in terms of my personality. Their were financial and social critics that
we faced. In tough times of social criticism and financial pressure, I kept my team's morale up. Despite
clear boundaries whenever needed we were able to move into others' roles if someone is busy. During
the entire journey, I motivated each person to give his best and not only add strategies but also perform
on-ground action.

Finding, viability and feasibility

Operating cost and time was high as we were challenged by local syndicates and we had to bring
workers from different areas.

Then, in workforce we got two categories- one were ambitious, who were already earning more than
what we were offering by quickly covering more numbers of houses with low quality. And needy who
were not so fast and good in their work. They were not able to serve our purpose.

At last we tried to add value by offering modern mops, and vacuum cleaners but opposite to our
thinking customer did not accepted that and they wanted traditional techniques only.

All these factors acted negatively for idea.

WHAT STARTUPS YOU LIKE—

Yes theory

WHY YOU LIKE IT—

Low acquisition cost

GOVERNMENT SCENARI—

Today, the Indian startup ecosystem is home to approximately 38,815 active startups which is inclusive

of both funded and bootstrapped startups.
India added 33 unicorns in 2021 — highest ever

India added 33 unicorns in 2021 — highest ever

India added 33 unicorns in 2021 — highest ever

India added 33 unicorns in 2021 — highest ever

ndia is home to 62 Unicorns, making it the 3rd largest country with most Unicorns.

There are a total of over 650 unicorns in the world

Liciou Oct- Ma
s D2C - Meat 1 1 2021 Bangalore Ber

66 Vedantu Edtech 1 1 Sep-2021 Ban

65 Apna.co Marketplace - Jobs 1.1 1.1 Sep-2021 Ban

64 Mobile Premier League Gaming 2.3 2.3 Sep-2021 Ban

Marketplace - Manufacturing
63 Zetwerk Services 1 1 Aug-2021 Ban

62 Grofers E-Commerce - Groceries 1 1 Aug-2021 Gu

61 Eruditus Edtech - Executive Education 3.2 3.2 Aug-2021 Mu

60 CoinDCX Cryptocurrency Exchange 1.1 1.1 Aug-2021 Mu

59 upGrad Edtech - Higher Studies 1.2 1.2 Aug-2021 Mu

58 MindTickle SaaS - HR - Training 1.2 1.2 Aug-2021 Pun

57 BharatPe Fintech - Payments 2.8 2.8 Aug-2021 De

56 OfBusiness NBFC - SME Loans 1.5 3 Jul-2021 Gu

 55 Droom Marketplace - Used Cars 1.2 1.2 Jul-2021 Gu

54 BlackBuck Logistics Services 1 1 Jul-2021 Ban

53 BrowserStack SaaS - Software Testing 4 4 Jun-2021 Mu

52 Zeta

HOW THEY CAN GET FUNDING—

Venture capitalist, seed funding, Angle investor, incubators

WHAT CAN BE DONE—