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 General

Full-duplex Intercom
2     Posted Saturday, April 20, 2013
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This design allows to operate two intercom stations leaving the operator free of using
his/her hands in some other occupation, thus avoiding the usual “push-to-talk”
operation mode. No complex changeover switching is required: the two units are
connected together by means of a thin screened cable. As both microphones and
loudspeakers are always in operation, a special circuit is used to avoid that the
loudspeaker output can be picked-up by the microphone enclosed in the same box,
causing a very undesirable and loud “howl”, i.e. the well known “Larsen e ect”. A
“Private” switch allows microphone muting, if required.

No Complex Switching Required, Simple Circuitry, 6-12V Supply

This design allows to operate two intercom stations leaving the operator free of using
his/her hands in some other occupation, thus avoiding the usual “push-to-talk”
operation mode. No complex changeover switching is required: the two units are
connected together by means of a thin screened cable. As both microphones and
loudspeakers are always in operation, a special circuit is used to avoid that the
loudspeaker output can be picked-up by the microphone enclosed in the same box,
causing a very undesirable and loud “howl”, i.e. the well known “Larsen e ect”. A
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“Private” switch allows microphone muting, if required.
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 Circuit Operation

The circuit uses the TDA7052 audio power ampli er IC, capable of delivering about 1 Watt
of output power at a supply voltage comprised in the 6 – 12V range. The unusual feature of
this design is the microphone ampli er Q1: its 180° phase-shifted audio output taken at
the Collector and its in-phase output taken at the Emitter are mixed by the C3, C4, R7 and
R8 network and R7 is trimmed until the two incoming signals almost cancel out. In this
way, the loudspeaker will reproduce a very faint copy of the signals picked-up by the
microphone.

At the same time, as both Collectors of the two intercom units are tied together, the 180°
phase-shifted signal will pass to the audio ampli er of the second unit without
attenuation, so it will be loudly reproduced by its loudspeaker. The same operation will
occur when speaking into the microphone of the second unit: if R7 will be correctly set,
almost no output will be heard from its loudspeaker but a loud and clear reproduction will
be heard at the rst unit output.

Parts

P1 = 22K Log. Potentiometer

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R1 =
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and 1/4Wvisits.
repeat Resistor
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= 100K 1/4W Resistors
R4 = 47K 1/4W Resistor
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R5 = 2K2 1/4W Resistor (See Notes)
 R6 = 6K8 1/4W Resistor
R7 = 22K 1/2W Carbon or Cermet Trimmer
R8 = 2K7 1/4W Resistor
C1,C6 = 100nF 63V Polyester or Ceramic Capacitors
C2,C3 = 10µF 63V Electrolytic Capacitors
C4 = 22µF 25V Electrolytic Capacitor
C5 = 22nF 63V Polyester or Ceramic Capacitor
C7 = 470µF 25V Electrolytic Capacitor
Q1 = BC547 45V 100mA NPN Transistor
IC1 = DA7052 Audio power ampli er IC
SW1 = SPST miniature Switch
MIC = Miniature electret microphone
SPKR = 8 Ohm Loudspeaker Screened cable (See Text)

Notes

The circuit is shown already doubled in the diagram. The two units can be built into
two separate boxes and connected by a thin screened cable having the length
desired.
The cable screen is the negative ground path and the central wire is the signal path.
The power supply can be a common wall-plug adapter having a voltage output in the
6 – 12V dc range @ about 200mA.
Enclosing the power supply in the box of one unit, the other unit can be easily fed by
using a two-wire screened cable, its second wire becoming the positive dc path.
To avoid a two-wire screened cable, each unit may have its own separate power
supply.
Please note that R5 is the only part of the circuit that must not be doubled.
Closing SW1 prevents signal transmission only, not reception.
To setup the circuit, rotate the volume control (P1) of the rst unit near its
maximum and speak into the microphone. Adjust Trimmer R7 until your voice
becomes almost inaudible when reproduced by the loudspeaker of the same unit.
Do the same as above with the second unit.

Sources: Red Free Circuit Designs

Audio Circuit Intercom Microphone

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