I3305 - Chapter 2

JavaFX Event-driven
programming
I3305 - Chapter 2
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What is event-driven programming?
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What is event-driven programming?
Event object
Click Me! Handler
Event source Event handler
Represents a button click
M. El Dick 3
How to handle an event?
public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
HBox pane = new HBox(10);
pane.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
Button btOK = new Button("OK");
Button btCancel = new Button("Cancel");
OKHandlerClass handler1 = new OKHandlerClass(); create handler
btOK.setOnAction(handler1); register handler
CancelHandlerClass handler2 = new CancelHandlerClass();
btCancel.setOnAction(handler2);
pane.getChildren().addAll(btOK, btCancel);
Scene scene = new Scene(pane, 200,100);
primaryStage.setTitle("HandleEvent");
primaryStage.setScene(scene);
primaryStage.show();
} i3305
Event handlers
class OKHandlerClass implements EventHandler<ActionEvent> {
@Override
public void handle(ActionEvent e) { handle event
System.out.println("OK button clicked");
}
}
class CancelHandlerClass implements EventHandler<ActionEvent> {

@Override
public void handle(ActionEvent e) {
System.out.println("Cancel button clicked");
}
}
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Event object hierarchy
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Registering handlers
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Without event handling
StackPane pane = new StackPane();
Circle circle = new Circle(50);
circle.setStroke(Color.BLACK);
circle.setFill(Color.WHITE);
pane.getChildren().add(circle);
HBox hBox = new HBox();
hBox.setSpacing(10);
hBox.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
Button btEnlarge = new Button("Enlarge");
Button btShrink = new Button("Shrink");
hBox.getChildren().add(btEnlarge);
hBox.getChildren().add(btShrink);
BorderPane borderPane = new BorderPane();
borderPane.setCenter(pane);
borderPane.setBottom(hBox);
BorderPane.setAlignment(hBox, Pos.CENTER);
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…
With event handling
class CirclePane extends StackPane {
private Circle circle = new Circle(50);
public CirclePane() {
getChildren().add(circle);
}
public void enlarge() {
circle.setRadius(circle.getRadius() + 2);
}
public void shrink() {
circle.setRadius(circle.getRadius() > 2 ?
circle.getRadius() - 2 : circle.getRadius());
}
} i3305
public class Main extends Application {
private CirclePane circlePane = new CirclePane();
btEnlarge.setOnAction(new EnlargeHandler());
btShrink.setOnAction(new ShrinkHandler());
borderPane.setCenter(circlePane);
Scene scene = new Scene(borderPane, 200,
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primaryStage.setTitle("ControlCircle");
}
class ShrinkHandler implements EventHandler<ActionEvent> {
@Override public void handle(ActionEvent e) {
circlePane.shrink();
} Inner class
}
class EnlargeHandler implements EventHandler<ActionEvent> {
@Override public void handle(ActionEvent e) {
circlePane.enlarge();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {launch(args);}
} // End of class Main
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Inner class
public class OuterClass {
private int data;
/** A method in the outer class */
public void m() { //Do something}
//An inner class

class InnerClass {
/** A method in the inner class */
public void mi() {
//Directly reference data and method defined in its outer class
data++;
m();
}
}
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Anonymous inner class handlers
public void start(Stage primaryStage) { public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
// Omitted // Omitted
btEnlarge.setOnAction(new btEnlarge.setOnAction(new
EnlargeHandler()); EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
} public void handle(ActionEvent e) {
class EnlargeHandler implements }
EventHandler<ActionEvent> {
});
@Override public void
handle(ActionEvent e) { }
}
}
Inner class Anonymous inner class

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Anonymous handler demo
hBox hBox = new HBox();
Button btNew = new Button("New");
Button btOpen = new Button("Open");
Button btSave = new Button("Save");
Button btPrint = new Button("Print");
hBox.getChildren().addAll(
btNew, btOpen, btSave, btPrint);
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btNew.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
@Override // Override the handle method
System.out.println("Process New");
}
});
btOpen.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
System.out.println("Process Open");
}
});
btSave.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
System.out.println("Process Save");
}
});
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btPrint.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
System.out.println("Process Print");
}
});
Scene scene = new Scene(hBox, 300, 50);
primaryStage.setTitle("AnonymousHandlerDemo"); // Set title
primaryStage.setScene(scene); // Place the scene in the stage
primaryStage.show(); // Display the stage
}
/**
* The main method is only needed for the IDE with limited
* JavaFX support. Not needed for running from the command line.
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
}
}
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Lambda expression handlers
btEnlarge.setOnAction( btEnlarge.setOnAction(e -> {
new EventHandler<ActionEvent> { // Code for processing event e
@Override });
public void handle(ActionEvent e) }
{
// Code for processing event e
}
}
});
Anonymous inner class Lambda expression

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Lambda handler demo
hBox hBox = new HBox();
Button btNew = new Button("New");
Button btOpen = new Button("Open");
Button btSave = new Button("Save");
Button btPrint = new Button("Print");
hBox.getChildren().addAll(
btNew, btOpen, btSave, btPrint);
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btNew.setOnAction(e -> System.out.println("Process New"));
btOpen.setOnAction(e -> {
System.out.println("Process Open");
});
btSave.setOnAction(e -> System.out.println("Process Save"));

btPrint.setOnAction(e -> System.out.println("Process Print"));
Scene scene = new Scene(hBox, 300, 50);
primaryStage.setTitle("AnonymousHandlerDemo"); // Set title
primaryStage.setScene(scene); // Place the scene in the stage
primaryStage.show(); // Display the stage
}

launch(args);
}
}
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Mouse events
• When mouse button is:
• Pressed
• Released
• Clicked
• Moved
• Dragged on a node or a scene
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constants—PRIMARY, SECONDARY, MIDDLE, and NONE—are defined in MouseButton
to indicate the left, right, middle, and none mouse buttons
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Mouse event demo
Pane pane = new Pane();
Text text = new Text(20, 20, "Programming is fun");
pane.getChildren().addAll(text);
text.setOnMouseDragged(e -> {
text.setX(e.getX());
text.setY(e.getY());
});
// Omitted
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Key events
• When a key is:
• Pressed
• Released
• Typed on a node or a scene
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keyCode is a constant, an enum type
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Key code constants
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Key event demo
Pane pane = new Pane();
Text text = new Text(20, 20, "A");
pane.getChildren().add(text);
text.setOnKeyPressed(e -> {
switch (e.getCode()) {
case DOWN: text.setY(text.getY() + 10); break;
case UP: text.setY(text.getY() - 10); break;
case LEFT: text.setX(text.getX() - 10); break;
case RIGHT: text.setX(text.getX() + 10); break;
default:
if (Character.isLetterOrDigit(e.getText().charAt(0)))
text.setText(e.getText());
}});
Scene scene = new Scene(pane, 200,200);
text.requestFocus(); // text is focused to receive key input
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Control circle with mouse and key events
class CirclePane extends StackPane {
private Circle circle = new Circle(50);
public CirclePane() {
getChildren().add(circle);
}
public void enlarge() {
circle.setRadius(circle.getRadius() + 2);
}
public void shrink() {
circle.setRadius(circle.getRadius() > 2 ?
circle.getRadius() - 2 : circle.getRadius());
}
} i3305
public class Main extends Application {
private CirclePane circlePane = new CirclePane();

btEnlarge.setOnAction(e -> circlePane.enlarge() );
btShrink.setOnAction(e -> circlePane.shrink() );
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circlePane.setOnMouseClicked(e -> {
if (e.getButton() == MouseButton.PRIMARY) {
}
else if (e.getButton() == MouseButton.SECONDARY) {
}
});
circlePane.setOnKeyPressed(e -> {
if (e.getCode() == KeyCode.U) {
}
else if (e.getCode() == KeyCode.D) {
}
}); i3305
borderPane.setCenter(circlePane);
Scene scene = new Scene(borderPane, 200, 150);
primaryStage.setTitle("ControlCircle");
circlePane.requestFocus(); Request focus on circle pane
}

launch(args);
}
} // End of class Main
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Listeners for observable objects
public class Main {
DoubleProperty balance = new SimpleDoubleProperty();
balance.addListener(new InvalidationListener() {
public void invalidated(Observable ov) {
System.out.println("The new value is " +
balance.doubleValue()); balance.addListener(ov -> {
} System.out.println("The new value is " +
balance.doubleValue());});
});
balance.set(4.5);
}
} i3305
Listener for pane demo
Circle circle = new Circle();
circle.setStroke(Color.BLACK); BorderPane pane = new BorderPane();
pane.setCenter(circle);
pane.widthProperty().addListener(ov ->
circle.setRadius(pane.getWidth()>pane.getHeight()?pane.getHeight()/2:
pane.getWidth()/2) );
pane.heightProperty().addListener(ov ->
circle.setRadius(pane.getWidth()>pane.getHeight()?pane.getHeight()/2:
pane.getWidth()/2) );
//omitted
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Exercises
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Exercise 1: Create a simple calculator
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Exercise 2: Move a rectangle using mouse
• Write a program that displays a rectangle.
• You can point the mouse inside the rectangle and drag the rectangle
wherever the mouse goes. (i.e., move with mouse pressed)
• The mouse point becomes the center of the rectangle.
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Exercise 3: Auto resize cylinder
• Write a program that draws a cylinder
• To set the dashed stroke for an arc:
• arc.getStrokeDashArray().addAll(6.0, 21.0);
• The cylinder’s width and height are automatically resized when the
window is resized
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I3305 - Chapter 2

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JavaFX Event-driven

Click Me! Handler

Event source Event handler

Represents a button click

class CancelHandlerClass implements EventHandler<ActionEvent> {

//An inner class

Inner class Anonymous inner class

Anonymous inner class Lambda expression

btSave.setOnAction(e -> System.out.println("Process Save"));

public static void main(String[] args) {

public void start(Stage primaryStage) {

public static void main(String[] args) {

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