LAB REPORT 4

LAB REPORT 4
Objective:
To practice basic Modifying Tools (Line, ray, circle, fillet, trim, arrays, ellipse, mirror) and to
exercise a 2D drawing (2D Practice Drawing-02)

Theory:
Line Command:

The line in AutoCAD is drawn by specifying the starting and ending point through the cursor.

When we place the cursor on the Line icon, a window appears as shown in the below image:

The window here will specify the characteristics of a line.

The steps to create a line are listed below:

1. Select the Line icon from the ribbon panel or type L or Line and press Enter on the
command line.
The line icon will look like the given image:

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Specify the starting point and endpoint using the cursor on the workspace or drawing
area, as shown in the below image:
FIGURE:

We can also continue the line segments by specifying the endpoints.

2. Press Enter or Esc to exit.

Ray:

The ray command in AutoCAD is used to create a line that starts from a point and continues to
extend to infinity in one direction, as shown below:

It is used as a reference to create other objects.

The steps to create a ray are listed below:

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1. We need to click on the RayIcon to draw the ray.

Or
Type Ray in the command line and press Enter.
2. Specify the starting point and the through point to draw the ray.
The ray is extended in the direction specified by the starting point to the directed
or through point. It is shown in the below image:

3. Continue to click by specifying the points to draw more rays.

4. Press Enter or Esc to exit.

FIGURE:

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Circles:

The circles are widely used in design and drawings.

The circle command is used to draw a circle by specifying the center point and radius.

Let's understand by two examples.

Example 1:

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The steps to create a circle are given below:

1. Click on the Circle icon on the Ribbon Panel, as shown in the below image:

OR
Type Circle or C on the command line and press Enter.
2. Specify the center point of a circle on the workspace or viewport.
3. Specify the radius of the circle.
Or
To specify diameter, type D - press Enter - specify the diameter of the circle.
4. Press Enter.

FIGURE:

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Fillet Edge:

The Fillet command is used to create smooth edges.

The steps are listed below:

1. Type FILLETEDGE on the command line or command prompt and press Enter.

2. Type R or radius on the command line.
3. Press Enter.
4. Type 1 (radius value).
5. Press Enter.
6. Select the Edge to apply Fillet on it. Here, we have selected the edge, as shown below:

7. Press Enter.

FIGURE:

Erase:

The erase command is used to remove or delete objects from the drawing.

The selected objects can also be removed with the help of the 'Delete' button on the keyboard.

We can also delete faces, vertices, and meshes in 3D with the help of Erase command++ vs Java

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We can use different selection methods to select objects. The selected objects can be removed
further by using the Erase command. For example, P (to erase the previous selection set), L (to
erase the last selection set), and all (to delete all objects from the drawing).

Ellipse in AutoCAD:

The Ellipse is defined as a curve surrounding two focal points.

The shape of the ellipse is determined by two of its axis, which defines the length and width.

The Ellipse is a general command to create ellipse on the AutoCAD display. We can create the
ellipse by specifying the two-point on an axis and the endpoint on another axis.

The first axis and the second axis of the Ellipse can be determined either as minor or major axis,
depending on the specification.

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The icon of Ellipse will look like the below image:

Move the pointer of your mouse on the Ellipse icon to view the dialogue box for Ellipse in
AutoCAD. It will look like the given image:

FIGURE:

It consists of the drop-down list, which includes other options such as Elliptical Arc,
Center, and Axis.

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Mirror command:

The Mirror command creates a reverse copy of an object in AutoCAD. After you select some
objects, AutoCAD prompts you to select two points that define a line about which the objects
will be mirrored. You can then retain or delete the source objects. Follow these steps to use the
Mirror command:

1. Press Esc to make sure that no command is active and no objects are selected.

2. Click the Mirror button on the Home tab’s Modify panel, or enter MI and press Enter.

3. Select at least one object, and press Enter to end the object selection. AutoCAD prompts you to
define the mirror line by picking points: Specify first point of mirror line:

4. Specify the start of the mirror line by clicking a point or typing coordinates. AutoCAD prompts
you: Specify second point of mirror line:

5. Pick a second point. Most of the time, you’ll enable Polar Tracking mode or Ortho mode so that
you can mirror objects precisely. You can also use object snaps on existing objects, including
ones being mirrored, which ensure exact symmetry between the source and the mirrored objects.
AutoCAD now prompts you: Erase source objects? [Yes/No] <N>:

6. Finish the mirror by using one of these options:

 Type Y at the final prompt. The source objects disappear, leaving only the new, mirrored copy.

 Accept the default No option. The source objects are retained along with the mirrored copies.

FIGURE:

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Trim command:
o The Trim command in AutoCAD is used to remove the objects, which meet the edges of
other objects. It is used to remove extra lines or extra parts of an object.
o We can also perform trim using different selection methods.
o We are required to select the portion of the object to trim.

Consider the below figure:

The steps to trim the portion of the above object are:

1. Select the Trim icon from the ribbon panel, as shown below:

Extend Command:

The extend command is used to extend the selected boundaries or edges. The objects are
extended so that the edges of other objects can be converged.

Consider the below image:

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It displays the effect of the Extend command on the figure.

Let's understand with an example.

Consider the below figure:

The steps to extend the boundaries or edges of the selected parts in the above figure are:

1. Select the Extend icon from the drop-down list of the Trim, as shown below:

FIGURE:

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Practice Drawing:

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Procedure:
1. Draw the ellipse using ellipse command by specify the center of ellipse using the line
command by using the given dimension having diameter 150 and 100.
2. To draw circle in ellipse, draw one more construction line by using line command also we
can use offset command to find the center of circle.
3. Now draw the circle by using the given radii of the circles which is R25 and R27.
4. Now cut these circles in eight equal parts by using the angle of 45 degree by using
construction line command or line command and draw the offset of all these lines by using
offset command with the distance of 2.
5. Using delete or erase command to remove all unnecessary line in the figure.
6. Draw another ellipse at a distance of 6 from the first ellipse and the circle with given
diastance of R40 from the first circle of the figure.
7. Draw construction line in center of ellipse and circle. Use offset command and offset at a
distance of 3 from both sides of construction line. Remove all unnessasary lines.
8. So, remove the unnessasary lines attached with the circles and ellipses of the diagram.
9. To fillet all the corners of diagram use the fillet command by using the given radius of R3
and R5.

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