BAS 112 – General Chemistry (L-T-P: 2-0-2): 2022-23

Evaluation Process
Theory Internal Marks 40 ESE 60 (100)
Total Marks is 100 Mid-term Exam 20 (50) 30 objective
Internal 40 Quiz 10 70 subjective
External 60 Assignment 05
Attendance 05
Lab Internal Marks (40) End term 60
Total Marks is 100 Records 20 20 Viva (Practical)
Internal 40 Observation 10 40 Experiment
End term 60 Attendance 10

1
 Syllabus
Theory

Unit 1 – 5 hrs

Reaction Dynamics:

Reaction laws: rate and order; molecularity; zero, first and second order kinetics.
Pseudo unimolecular reaction, Arrhenius equation. Mechanism and theories of
reaction rates (Transition state theory, Collision theory) Catalysis: Homogeneous
and Heterogeneous catalysis (Definition, example, mechanism, kinetics).

Unit 2 – 4 hrs

Properties of Solutions: Colligative properties and Colloids

Dilute solutions – Colligative properties, lowering of vapour pressure of solution,

elevation of boiling point, freezing point depression, definition, principles, and
laws of osmotic pressure. Colloid chemistry: Definition of colloid, principle of
colloid formation, types of colloid, colloid preparation, stability of colloid,
association of colloid and emulsion. 2
Unit 3 – 4 hrs

Chemical Equilibrium: Solubility Equilibria and Acid-Base Equilibria

Ionic equilibrium: Solubility and solubility product, common ion effect, ionic
product of water, pH, pOH, hydrolysis of salt solutions: Strong acid and weak
base, weak acid and strong base, weak acid and weak base, concepts of buffer.

Unit 4 – 6 hrs

Carbon Chemistry

General treatment of reaction mechanisms: Ionic and radical reactions; heterolytic

and, homolytic bond cleavage; Reactive intermediates: carbocations (cabenium
and carbonium ions), carbanions, carbon radicals, carbenes – structure using
orbital picture, electrophilic/nucleophilic behaviour, stability, generation and fate.
Reaction kinetics: transition state theory, rate const and free energy of activation,
free energy profiles for one step and two step reactions.

Nucleophilic substitution reactions: SN1, SN2, SNi mechanisms. Effect of

substrate structure, nucleophiles and medium on reactivity and mechanism;
neighbouring group participations. Elimination Reactions: E1, E2, and E1cB
mechanisms. Saytzeff and Hofmann rules. Elimination vs substitution reaction. 3
Unit 5 – 5 hrs

Polymer Chemistry

Polymer molecular weight (number avg. weight avg. Theory and mathematical
expression only), Poly dispersity index (PDI). Polymerization processes (addition
and condensation polymerization), degree of polymerization, Copolymerization,
stereo-regularity of polymer, crystallinity (concept of Tm) and amorphicity
(concept of Tg) of polymer.

Practicals

1. Rates of Chemical Reactions: A Clock Reaction.

2. Standardization of secondary standard Sodium thiosulphate with primary
standard potassium dichromate.
3. Estimation of Dissolved Oxygen in water.
4. Determination of total hardness of water.
5. Dichromate determination of iron: Analysis of Iron alloy.
6. Titration of Acids and Bases – using pH meter.
7. Preparation of Urea formaldehyde resin.
4
8. Estimation of nickel by gravimetry.
REACTION DYNAMICS

By-
Dr. Sudhir Kumar
Gupta
(PhD-IIT Roorkee) 5
 ChEMICAl KINETICS
The branch of Physical chemistry which deals with the rate of
reactions or the Kinetics of Chemical reactions is called
Chemical Kinetics.

The Study of Kinetics of Chemical reactions includes:

(1) The rate of the reactions and rate laws.

(2) The mechanism or the sequence of steps by which a reaction occurs.

(3) The factors that influence the rate of a reaction.

(4) Proposes theory of the reactions.