Tutorial 1

Briefly explain the meaning of the following maxims of equity:

• Equity will not suffer a wrong to be without a remedy;

• Equity follows the law;
• Where there is equal equity, the law shall prevail;
• Where the equities are equal, the first in time shall prevail;
• He who seeks equity must do equity;
• He who seeks equity must come with clean hands;
• Delay defeats equities;
• Equality is equity;
• Equity looks to the intent rather than the form;
• Equity looks on that as done which ought to be done;
• Equity imputes an intention to fulfil an obligation;
• Equity acts in personam;
• Equity will not assist a volunteer;
• Equity will not perfect an imperfect gift;
• Equity will not construe a valid power out of an invalid trust;
• Equity will not permit the provisions of a statute intended to prevent fraud to be used as an
instrument for fraud;
• Equity will not aid deception on public administration;
• Equity leans towards equality;
• Equity will not allow an express trustee to rely on the Limitation Enactment to defeat the rights
of beneficiaries under the trust;
• Where there are conflicting equities, the first in time prevails;
• Equity will not allow a trust to fail for want of a trustee.
Tutorial 2

1. Explain the facts of the following cases in the context of the meaning of a trust:

a. Ong and others v Ping [2015] EWHC 1742 (Ch)

b. Ong and others v Ping [2017] EWCA Civ 2069

2. Explain the facts of the following cases in the context of the formalities required in the
creation
of a trust:

a. Knight v Knight (1840) 49 ER 58

b. In Re Adams and the Kensington Vestry [1883 A. 625.]
c. Palmer v Simmonds (1854) 61 ER 704
d. Re Hains Settlement [1961] 1 All ER 848