Explain the notion of forgetting using theories of forgetting and how these ean impact learning. Porgeting is failure to salvage information fom the memory whenever itis needed, team also be defined as fil to retreve information fom the memory when needed Fongeting or dsremembering ithe apparent loss or modification of information already ‘encoded and stored in an ind vidas short o long-term memory Iti a spontaneous or gradual proces in which old memories are unable tobe recalled from memory storage. Ther are so many reesons a to why peor forgct. The reason why people forget are known as theories / notions of fergttng and they are; Passive Decay whichis forging of previous experience asa result ofthe passage oie and «ue 1 no bing able to make use ofthe experience frequently. The Deeay theory isa theory that proposes that memory fades due to the mere passage of time. Information is therefore less ‘availabe for later retrieval as time passes and memory, as well a memory strength, wears ay. ‘When an individual learns seething new a neurochemical "memory trace” is created ‘Motivated frgstting (Represion}; Everyone probably has certain unpleasant past experiences ‘hat he/she would rather Frgs to space himselThersel the pain of eiving them, We forget, certain evens as 2 mater of eoice. Motivated Fogeting is the ide that people ean block ou, o Forge, upsetting or taumatie memories, because there is a motivation to do 30, Some researchers have cited directed forgetting studies using taums-related words as evidence forthe theory of motivated forgetting of tum Cue-dependnt forgetting Theory which is failure to call a memory de o missing stimuli of cues that were present a the-ime the memory was encoded. Cue-dependent forgetting, 0° retieval fila, i one of ive Cognitive psychology theories of forgesting sates that sometimes memories are frgoten because they cannot be retrieved. I, however you ae given & ‘ee ato the memory, you wl be more likely to retrieve it ‘State—Dependent Theory ths, information is remembered well when the person is inthe same ‘mental, emotional, or drug-induced state as when it was learned. Sleep Consolidates Memories; When we slop our brain is busy imprinting and consolidating ‘memories in ong term storage. Atitude andl Motivation; Your aude abou leaning aso plays an important role in memory. you take 1 negative attitude foward having to memorize something it is gong tobe much hardest lear, However, i you approach our tsk wit epastve outlook, you will have a beter chance for The more motivated you aret ear, the more fun it willbe, and the moce you will rememberConsolidation Theory; The memory race undergoes a consolidation phase afer learning has ‘ceurred. During this phase te memory trace is rather unstable and subject o obliteration should thee be interference, Once the memory trace i interfered with, thee willbe loss of memory of wat has been leamed. “This may be supported by to forms of forgetting is known as retrograde amnesia and anterograde amnesia Duplex Theory; Forgetting ours only information i inadequately process from shoe-orm memory to Tong term memory. ‘Systematic Distortions of Mamory Trace; forgetting occurs atthe time an event is perceived rather then overtime. The way we peceive an event wien it occurs determines whether our memory ofthe event wll be lea and explicit o distorted and blued, 10, Interference Etfect Forgetting occurs sa esultof what happens between point A, when the iaformation is learned, ‘nd point B, when the pesor is requied to show what to show what he leamed a while ago There ar two types oF interference calle etosctive inhibition and proactive inhibition, (b) Retroactive interference: ‘When leering now males itharder to ell something you leaned earlier. Here recently leat ‘material interferences in recalling of past-earat materi Interference Eel; Forgtirg occurs as esi of what happens betveen point A, when the information is learned, and pont B, when the person is required to show what to shows what he learned a while ag, There av two types of interference called retroactive inhibition and proactive inhibition) Retroactive inhibition; new/rmer learning affects old learning so that as rire leaming is sequiod, the old leaning faces away ors Foroten Retroactive interference: When ke carl, Here recently learnt nateil ing now makes it harder to real something ou leaned tererences in calling of past-learn material proactive inhibition; Later! prior learning that is old leaning, may interfere with new learning. (Cause #8, Raise in Emotion: Emotion plays an important ole in Fearing and Frgeting, Sudden rise of emotions blocks the recall, During the high emotiana stat, blood sugar evel is impaired, To maintain the balance intenal gland produces carole that disturbs memory cell Hence we experience menial block leading to deserption in thinking, reasoning and perception, ce, For instance, stints hing the fea of examination cannot rca anythin Emotional ‘shacks that accur ding, bear o after learning also have an impact on reterion Apa from the external eauses; tera causes, that is Tnetionl and organi factors, sso cause forgeting They ate nothing bt the condition tat disturbs memory reered to as amnesia,Apart from the nature ofthe material we eam, systematic and efficient methods use in fearing leo influence our rate of forgetting. [Nature of the Material Learned: Amount of Frgeting also vares withthe nature ofthe material earned. Ebbing Hans and ote have verified the fet that humans remember things that are ‘meaningful better than things that are not Poor Health and Defective Mental State: Memory traces are essential fer remembering only ‘when we pay tention othe information that has to be stored ean be saved but poor health and ‘ental tension effet ow anton, which in tur affects the effective learning and receiving Lack of Rest and Sleep: Comtinus learing without est and sleep may lea to greater Fogeting duc to ineticient consolidation, Experimental studies have shown that sleep folowing leartng favours retention, thas also been found that saving is definitely greater ater sleep especially with & hours interval, Forgetting is slow during sleep. However learner having ths problem of forgeting is detrimental 0 leamors both inthe mining scclor or leaming institution iit goes othe extreme. As in the mining sectoe such people canbe rendered medically unfit asthe ae considered to be class A hazard, As for leaners in schools such issues roquire councilors oe hosp