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The basal ice froze to the rock when the pressure was released by cutting out
the ice
immediately above. This confirmed the existence of a thin layer of water, at
freezing point,
at the ice-rock interface.
4. The icewas separated from bedrock over a distance of 10mdown-glacier from the
tunnel. As
the tunnel reached bedrock near the crest of a large rise, this separation could be
described as
a large cavity in the lee of the rise. Large cavities would be expected because the
hydrostatic
pressure, which would cause the ice to flow in and close them, was low.