WRITING

These are the text types that we have seen during the shool year:

- An informal letter (see student book p.14-15. Or from the digital book)
- A for and Against Essay (see power point in classroom)
- A Report of an Event (see student book p.42-43. Or from the digital book)
- Opinion Essay (see power point in classroom)

An Informal E-mail / Letter

1 Complete the sentences with the adverbs below. Write M for adverbs of manner, C for adverbs of comment
and D for adverbs of degree.
quietly ■ hopefully ■ carefully ■ extremely ■ a bit ■ easily ■ angrily ■ surprisingly

1 Social media sites have become popular in the last few years.
2 , no one has sent me a message about the party.
3 He opened the door so that we didn’t hear him.
4 , we’ll meet again soon.
5 Please read the instructions before you begin your English exam.
6 We’re late, but if we hurry we can catch the train.
7 Most exchange students make friends with the local teens.
8 The woman shouted at the boy who had pushed her.

2 Think of two more adverbs of manner, adverbs of comment and adverbs of degree. Write them in
sentences.
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3 Number the following parts of an informal letter or e-mail in the correct order.
a opening remarks
b signing off
c greeting
d closing remarks
e body: information, news or details
4 These sentences and expressions are taken from different informal letters or e-mails. Write where they
belong: G (greeting), O (opening remarks), B (body), C (closing remarks) or S (signing off).
1 Sorry it’s taken me so long to reply.
2 There’s a new guy in our class, and I like him a lot.
3 See you soon,
4 Keep in touch!
5 Everything’s pretty much the same around here.
6 What have you been up to?
7 It was great to hear from you!
8 Dear Janice,

A For and Against Essay

1 Look at the connectors below. Circle the ones which are used to connect two similar ideas. Underline the
ones which are used to show contrast.
in addition ■ however ■ as well as ■ also ■ despite ■ while ■ moreover ■ on the other hand
nevertheless ■ furthermore ■ although

2 Choose the correct answer.

1 The new shirt they’re advertising can measure your blood pressure as well as / also your heart rate.
2 However / While global communication has advanced greatly, plane travel is the same as it was 50 years ago.
3 Robotics is a difficult subject to study. Nevertheless / In addition, it can be fascinating.
4 Many workers in industry have lost their jobs to robots. Furthermore / Despite this, robots may soon replace
secretaries and shop assistants.
5 Even though / Moreover I own a 3D printer, I don’t really use it a lot.

3 Form sentences by matching A and B.

A B
1 Most people a it doesn’t cost a lot of money.
2 First of all, b can lead to arguments.
3 I feel c believe that is true.
4 Because it’s controversial, it d very strongly about this.
4 Complete the chart with the phrases below to show the correct plan for a for and against essay.
Summarise the issue ■ Give supporting details and examples ■ State your opinion
Present arguments for both sides of the issue ■ Introduce the issue

Opening:

Body:

Closing:

5 These sentences are taken from a for and against essay. Write where they belong: O (in the opening), B (in
the body) or C (in the closing).
1 To sum up, I believe that driverless cars can solve many of the problems on our roads today.
2 Several companies are developing cars that can drive themselves.
3 On the one hand, people do not trust this new technology.
4 This is because they leave no room for the human errors that cause accidents.
5 The question is, are driverless cars a good idea?
6 On the other hand, driverless cars may be much safer than the cars we use today.

A Report of an Event
1 Put the words in the correct order to form sentences.
1 in the school stadium / last Saturday / was held / the match
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2 will buy / tomorrow / I / a ticket / you / at school
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3 my friend / they / at the video competition / first prize / gave
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4 food / packed / before the class trip / the parents / for all the students
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5 for the school newspaper / pictures / took / a few students
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2 Form sentences by matching A and B.
A B
1 It was the great moment that a for everyone to show their work.
2 Excitement was b see all the projects.
3 It was really impressive to c this event.
4 It was a great opportunity d in the air.
5 They had spent months preparing for e we had all been waiting for.

4 Complete the chart with the phrases below to show the correct plan for a report of an event.
1 what the atmosphere was like
2 when the event took place
3 what people did at the event
4 whether the event was successful in general
5 where the event took place
6 a general idea of what the event was
7 good / bad / interesting things that happened
8 general summing up of the event

Opening:

Body:

Closing:

4 These sentences are taken from the description of an event. Write where they belong: O (in the opening), B
(in the body) or C (in the closing).
1 Three buses full of sleepy students left at 7 am for the two-hour trip.
2 Last Tuesday, all the students in our year went to the Natural History Museum.
3 Every student should visit this amazing museum at least once.
4 The museum guide gave us a fascinating tour of the dinosaur and sea life sections.
5 All in all, it was a great way to learn about our planet and the creatures that live on it.
An Opinion Essay
1 Look at the connectors below. Circle the ones which show cause. Underline the ones which show result.
due to ■ because (of) ■ as a result ■ consequently ■ for this reason ■ so ■ since ■ therefore ■ as
as a result of

2 Now complete the sentences with connectors from the list above. There may be more than one correct
answer. Do not use the same connector twice.

1 We couldn’t sleep all night
2 The price of land is increasing.
3 Our city is very polluted,
4 Public transport in the suburbs is inconvenient.
5 Thousands of tourists visit the city daily
6 Entertainment here is round the clock,
the noise from the street below.
, housing prices are rising as well.
several factories are located in the area.
, most residents commute by car.
its rich history and famous landmarks.
there’s always something to do.

3 Complete the expressions of opinion with a suitable word.

1 this reason
2 As I it,
3 In my
4 conclusion

4 Complete the chart with the phrases below to show the correct plan for an opinion essay.
Support your opinion with reasons, facts and examples ■ Summarise and restate your opinion Introduce
the issue ■ State your opinion

Opening:

Body:

Closing:

5 These sentences are taken from an opinion essay. Write where they belong: O (in the opening),
B (in the body) or C (in the closing).
1 The pavements are cleaned only twice a week.
2 Both residents and visitors complain that the streets of our city have become extremely dirty.
3 Many people blame residents for the dirty streets, but I believe that they are wrong.
4 We all know that people litter more when the streets are already dirty.
5 In short, I believe that if the municipality made more of an effort to keep our city clean, then the residents
would follow.
6 First of all, the city does not invest nearly enough in cleaning the streets.
A Narrative
1 Choose the correct answer.
1 Before / As soon as they met, he knew that he would marry her one day.
2 We had a wonderful time together during / while her visit.
3 At first / In the end, Dorothy didn’t know anyone, but she soon found friends.
4 Nigel ignored me then / when I tried to explain my actions.
5 Della’s hair was cut short, but after / eventually it grew back.

2 Write a suitable continuation after each phrase or statement.

1 I couldn’t believe my eyes!
2 What a relief!
3 It turned out that
4 To my surprise,
5 After a while,

3 Complete the chart with the phrases below to show the correct plan for a narrative.
Tell the events in the story ■ Introduce the characters ■ Tell the ending of the story ■ Set the scene Tell
how the characters felt

Opening:

Body:

Closing:

4 These sentences are taken from different narratives. Write where they belong: O (in the opening),
B (in the body) or C (in the closing).
1 It was one of those lovely June days when it seemed like nothing could go wrong.
2 Just then, I heard a loud noise coming from the flat next door.
3 Difficult as it was, we had no choice.
4 I knew that I would never forget him for as long as I lived.
5 I could hardly believe how lucky I had been.
6 The three of us lived in a large block of flats at the edge of town.