Date Submitted: January 4, 2023
Post-Laboratory Report
Group No.: 3
Group Name: CHEM - E
Leader: Kian Leoj Mago
Name of Members and Contribution:
Kian Leoj O. Mago – Canva Presentation
Lord Eduard James R. Vita – Set Up, Results, and Discussion
Lance Vincent M. Gallardo - Methodology
Ericah Jane C. Celindro – Summary and Conclusion
Jennise Gem U. Camangon – Answer to Questions
Bianca N. Domingo – Introduction, Objectives, and Reagents
Experiment No.: 2
Experiment Title: Chemical Reactions
I. INTRODUCTION
Chemical reactions are present in our day-to-day life; for example, rusting of iron,
fermentation of wine, and many more. It is defined as the process that occurs when two or more
molecules react with one another to form a product. Reactants are the term used to refer to
compounds that interact together to form new compounds, which are called products. Chemical
equations are used to represent the changes that happen in a chemical reaction. In this equation,
various chemical symbols are used to represent the chemical reaction, and the substances involved
in it.
There are different types of chemical reactions: synthesis reaction, decomposition reaction,
single-displacement reaction, and so on. These chemical reactions differ in the way the products are
formed, the changes that occur, and the reactants involved. One of the fundamental types of
chemical reactions is a synthesis reaction, in which two simple compounds combine to produce a
more complex byproduct. A decomposition reaction, in contrast to a synthesis reaction, is a reaction
in which a single component disintegrates into several products. Additionally, a single-displacement
reaction is one in which one element replaces a similar element in a compound.
II. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the activity, you are expected to:
To recognize the reactants and products of a chemical reaction
To identify the type of chemical reaction you observe
To write a word equation for a chemical reaction
To write a balanced chemical equation using chemical symbols
III. TABLE OF REACTANTS, PRODUCTS, AND OTHER CHEMICALS
Chemical Name Chemical Molecular Boiling Point Melting Point Solubility
Formula Weight
Aluminum Foil Al 26.98 g/mol 2327 °C 660.37 °C Water:
Insoluble in
water
Steel Wool Fe 55.845 g/mol 4982°C 2795°C Insoluble,
can react
with water
Baking Soda NaHCO₃ 84.007 g/mol 851 °C 50 °C Soluble
Iron nail Fe 55.85 g/mol 2750 °C 1535 °C Insoluble in
water
Copper (II), sulfate CuSO4 249.68 g/mol Approx 0° C Approx 100° C Water
solution solubility -
miscible in
any
proportion
dihydrogen monoxide H₂O 18 g/mol 100 °C 0 °C or 32 °F Soluble
(water)
Denatured Alcohol C₂H₆O 46.07 g/mol 80°C -114.1 °C SOLUBILITY
IN WATER:
100%
Chemical Name Hazard (if applicable)
Aluminum Foil Hazardous to the aquatic environment
Highly flammable
Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases
Steel Wool Under normal conditions of use, no exposure to hazardous
chemicals occurs.
Melting or grinding the material can release hazardous fumes
or dust. Such processing is not an intended use of this product.
Baking Soda May be harmful if swallowed.
Causes skin mild irritation.
Causes eye irritation.
Iron nail Flammable solid.
May cause mechanical eye and skin irritation.
Inhalation of fumes may cause metal-fume fever.
Copper (II), sulfate Causes skin irritation
solution May cause an allergic skin reaction
Causes serious eye irritation
May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated
exposure
Toxic to aquatic life
dihydrogen monoxide -N/A
(water)
Denatured Alcohol Highly flammable liquid and vapor
Causes skin and serious eye irritation.
D. METHODOLOGY
D. METHODOLOGY
D. METHODOLOGY
D. METHODOLOGY
D. METHODOLOGY
D. METHODOLOGY
E. SET-UP
E. SET-UP
F. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
CHEMICAL REACTIONS: PART A
The heat drove the iron to combine with the oxygen in the steel wool's surroundings. This
reaction produced the visible spark as well as the emission of heat, which heats the
succeeding iron molecule, generating a chain reaction across the steel wool. The extremely
intense light is caused by the great heat.
CHEMICAL REACTIONS: PART B
Baking soda, also known as sodium bicarbonate, is a compound that can decompose when
heated. Sodium bicarbonate begins to degrade at a temperature above 80° C, generating
sodium carbonate, water, and carbon dioxide. The fire on the wooden splint suddenly went
out after being inserted in the mouth of the test tube due to the reason that the carbon
dioxide molecules (one of the products) separated the oxygen molecules and the fire from
each other, since CO, is denser than 0, causing the fire to go out due to the loss of oxygen
molecules.
CHEMICAL REACTIONS: PART C
The reaction demonstrated that iron is more reactive than copper due to the reason it
deflected copper from the solution and iron entered into the solution as iron (II) sulphate. A
red-brown copper coating formed on the iron nail's body when it was submerged in the
copper sulphate solution. As well as the color of the solution gradually turned from light blue
to much lighter blue.
G. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
1. Write a word equation to describe the reaction of the heated steel wool and oxygen.
Iron plus oxygen, in the presence of heat, yields ferric oxide
2. Write a balanced equation using chemical symbols for the synthesis reaction of iron and oxygen.
4 Fe (s) + 3 O₂ (g) -----> 2 Fe₂O₃ (s)
3. Write a word equation to describe the decomposition reaction of baking soda.
sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) yields sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) plus carbon dioxide (CO2)
plus water(H2O).
4. Write a chemical equation using symbols for the decomposition of sodium bicarbonate, or baking
soda.
2 NaHCO3(s) → Na2CO3(s) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
5. Write a word equation to describe the single-displacement reaction of iron and copper sulfate
Iron plus copper(II) sulfate yields copper with Iron(II) Hyposulfite
6. Write a chemical equation using symbols for the single-displacement reaction of iron
and copper(II) sulfate.
Fe+CuSO4 → Cu+FeSO4.
H. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
EXPERIMENT 2: “CHEMICAL REACTIONS PART A”
In the experiment conducted, as the result, before burning, the color of the steel wool was
deep gray. Then the gray color of the steel wool gradually changed into darker gray, which was
almost close to black, with some sparkly light that emerged and disappeared after a while. The heat
drove the iron to combine with the oxygen in the steel wool’s surroundings. Therefore, the reaction
produced the visible spark as well as the emission of heat, which heats the succeeding iron molecule,
generating a chain reaction across the steel wool, the extremely intense light is caused by the great
heat.
EXPERIMENT 2 “CHEMICAL REACTIONS PART B”
In the experiment conducted, there were no changes for a few minutes however, as a
couple of minutes passed by, there were grains of water formed inside as there was still no change
in the color of the NaHCO 3. Then, the flame on the splint suddenly disappeared when it reached the
test tube’s mouth. The sodium bicarbonate begins to degrade at temperatures above 80 C,
generating sodium carbonate, water, and carbon dioxide. Also, the fire on the wooden splint
suddenly went out after being inserted into the mouth of the test tube. Therefore, carbon dioxide
molecules (one of the products) separated the oxygen molecules and the fire from each other, since
CO, is denser than O causing the fire to go out due to the loss of oxygen molecules.
EXPERIMENT 2: “CHEMICAL REACTIONS PART C”
In the experiment conducted, as the result, the color of the nail before the reaction was
silver-gray then, it turned out rust or deep brown color after the reaction.
I. REFERENCES
General Data Protection Regulation(GDPR) Guidelines BYJU’S. (2021, March 22). BYJUS.
https://byjus.com/chemistry/types-of-chemical-reactions/
Chemistry LibreTexts. (2017). Types of Chemical Reactions. Retrieved from Chemistry
LibreTexts website:
https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Valley_City_State_University/Chem_121/
Chapter_5%3A_Introduction_to_Redox_Chemistry/
5.3%3A_Types_of_Chemical_Reactions#:~:text=The%20five%20basic%20types%20of
