General FAQ’s of Week-1 (PDS)

Q 1: How to Open files with extension .ipynb / How to Open Jupyter notebook ?

Ans: Jupyter files can be seen only in Jupyter Notebook environment. So, in order to read them.
Please follow the below given steps:
Step 1:

Step 2:

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 Step 3:

OR
Step 1.
Write Anaconda Prompt in Search Option that is at left corner in your screen

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Step 2:
Click Open
Step 3:
write Jupyter Notebook
Click Enter

It will redirect you to Jupyter Home Page, from where you can select your file. Usually you
will find all your files in Downloads Folder.

Step 4:
Click downloads, you will be able to see all the files which are available in your Desktop
Downloads. Now you just click on the Jupyter file (.ipynb extension) which you want to
Open. In the new tab, it will Open.

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Q2: How to read csv/excel file in Jupyter notebook?
Ans: Every file has some location where it is stored, we call it a pathname. So for example,
you have downloaded iris.csv. Now, it is in the downloads folder, however if you want to
read it in a Jupyter notebook you have to specify the complete path. Below is the example
for your reference:
Step 1:
To get the path of the file, Right click on the file name as shown below:

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Step 2:
Click Properties

Step 3:
Copy the path shown in front of location, & write filename with excel as shown below:
C:\Users\Shradha\Downloads\iris.csv – this is the path of the file in my system.
However, in jupyter notebook we have to change the backslash to forward slash to read the
file, hence you have to write:
C:/Users/Shradha/Downloads/iris.csv
Finally you have to write the below mentioned code:
Import pandas as pd
Iris=pd.read_csv(“C:/Users/Shradha/Downloads/iris.csv”) # CSV file
Or
Iris_new=pd.read_excel(r’C:/Users/Shradha/Downloads/iris.xlsx’) # Excel file

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Q 3: I am getting the below error while trying to open ipynb file directly.

Ans. Please make a note that ipynb files are to be open using your Jupyter Notebook. You
cannot open ipynb file directly. Refer to Q 1 & Q2.

Q 4: Could you please explain what the general rule of thumb is to use single quote and
double quote?
Ans. In python, a single quote or double quotes can be used interchangeably. Doing this will
not have any impact on the python output.
However, Just in case you are using Apostrophes in the text while printing, you have to use double
quotes. Please refer to the example below:

In [1]:print('You are', "Amazing")

You are Amazing

In [2]: print('you're ', 'Amazing')

File "<ipython-input-5-a36f50aa8acd>", line 1

print('you're ', 'Amazing')
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

In [3]: print("you're ", "Amazing")

you're Amazing

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Q 5: I got an “unexpected indent” error while running a code.

Ans: Please remove the initial space in all the three lines of codes. Indentation has a
meaning in python which you will come across while going through the loop statements.

Q 6: How can the below given X is a Tuple and not a list?

Ans. Please note the brackets used here. Round brackets are used to define a Tuple and
Square brackets are used to define a list.

Q 7: On dividing two integers, the answer is integer, but in Python, its reflecting as Float.
E.g. 98 divided by 2 will be 49, but Python is considering 49 as float.

Ans: In python, when we use division operator, it considers the output as float by default. It
does not concern python if there is no decimal point in python, if we have used a division
operator, outcome datatype will be of float type. There are ways to convert a datatype to
another which will be covered in later modules.

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Q 8: How can we save our Jupyter Notebook?
Ans: You can save a notebook by using the "File" -> "Download as" -> "Notebook (.ipynb)".
The file will be downloaded in the Downloads.

Alternatively, you can click on “Save and Checkpoint” Tab or can press “Ctrl+ S” or
“Command+ S”. The ipynb file will be saved in your working directory.

Q 9: How can I change my current working directory?

Ans: Please run the below code to change your working directory.
import os
os.getcwd() # this code will show you your current working directory
os.chdir("Working Directory ") # this code is used to change working directory.
You need to enter the path of your working directory in the above code.

Q 10: Got an error while running a code.

Ans: The error message says that it is invalid syntax. The reason here is that we are assigning
a value 1086M which is of string type (1086 is Numeric, however adding M converts it into
String). As we know all the strings are to be passed using the quotes. Hence, we got the
error. Please try using the below code:
complex="1086M"
type(complex)

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Q 11: What are the various important operators in python?
Ans: Below given is a list of Arithmetic operators of python- Arithmetic operators are used
to perform mathematical operations.
Operator Description Syntax Example Output

+ Addition: adds two numbers x+y 6 +2 8

- Subtraction: subtracts two numbers x-y 6-2 4

* Multiplication: multiplies two numbers x*y 6*2 12

Division (float): divides the first number by 6/2 3.0

/ second number x/y

Modulus: returns the remainder when first 6%2 0

% number is divided by second number x%y

** Power: Returns first raised to power second x ** y 6**2 36

Below given are a few Relational Operators- Relational Operators compares the values and
gives one of the binary outputs i.e. True or False depending on the given condition.
Operator Description Syntax Example Output

Greater than: True if left number is greater 6>2 True

> than the right x>y

Less than: True if left number is less than the 6<2 False
< right x<y

== Equal to: True if both numbers are equal x == y 6==2 False

!= Not equal to - True if numbers are not equal x != y 6!=2 True

Greater than or equal to: True if left number is 6>=2 True

>= greater than or equal to the right x >= y

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