GENERAL EDUCATION ELECTIVE

ENTREPRENEURIAL MIND

COURSE DESCRIPTION

This course presents Entrepreneurship as business innovation, determination, perseverance,

and achievement. This course also endeavors to present Entrepreneurship as contributor to the
growth of our national economy and in the development of the society. The promotion of
entrepreneurship through education is another laudable strategic action that will introduce and
encourage the youth to engage in various types of livelihood as a source of decent work for
themselves, for their family and for the welfare of the society.

STUDY GUIDELINES
The course considers the learning competencies of the students that they need to develop.
The different lessons are made simple with concrete examples, diagrams, and pictures to
facilitate their learning process. A rubric is presented at the end of the lessons as guide for both
the teacher and the students.

Questions are provided at the end of every lesson for you to think, pause and reflect on
gaining such information. Finish all your activities in first lesson before you are going to the
next lesson. You are going to write your answers/explanations/interpretation/and self-reflections
on the answer sheets provided at the end of the module. (all be in hand writing).

You are to submit all your output before the end of every UNIT/GRADING PERIOD:
Prelims, Midterms and Finals.

OUTPUT

Before the Finals, as a final requirement, you are going to SUBMIT and PRESENT your
BUSINESS PLAN.

PRELIM

UNIT 1 – NATURE AND RELEVANCE OF

ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Lesson 1 Concept of Entrepreneurship
Lesson 2 Relevance pf Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurs in Economic Development and
Society
Lesson 3 Concept of Entrepreneurs Today
Lesson 4 Entrepreneurial Competencies
Lesson 5: Entrepreneurial Decision-making as a Core Competency

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RELIM

UNIT 1 – NATURE AND RELEVANCE OF

ENTREPRENEURSHIP

LESSON 1 CONCEPT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP

“The entrepreneur always searches for change, responds to it, and exploits it as an
opportunity.” (Peter Drucker)

Entrepreneurial activity responds to policies that ensure the protection of new ideas,
facilitate access to capital and talent, and allow the management of risks. There are many efforts
in various countries to uplift the lives of its citizens, and entrepreneurship is seen as one of the
key engines of economic growth. Oftentimes, entrepreneurship is perceived to be the symbol of
business innovation, determination, perseverance, and achievement.

LESSON LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:

 Explain the concept of entrepreneurship
 Discuss entrepreneurship in some countries and in the Philippines

ENGAGE

The government focuses of promoting entrepreneurship with the right environment. This
includes regulatory frameworks, financial resources, and support programs for entrepreneurs, as
well as business practices and social attitudes towards entrepreneurship in general.

LESSON 1 - ACTIVITY (use the answer sheets)

 Move around your community. Look for a woman entrepreneur in your

community. Ask her about the reasons for her engaging in entrepreneurship. Is
her business successful? Make a narrative report on your interview.

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EXPLORE

There are many efforts in various countries to uplift the lives of its citizens, and
entrepreneurship is seen as one of the key engines of economic growth. Do you think
entrepreneurship has its effects to Philippine economy? How does entrepreneurship improve
your personal economic growth?

EXPLAIN

Concepts of Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship is a catchword in this era of globalized economy. It is a foundation and

catalyst for economic growth and innovation across nations. Entrepreneurial activities thrive in
societies with supportive government policies and which give much importance to
innovativeness and risk-taking to turn new ideas into breakthrough solutions. Small and medium
enterprises (SMEs) are concrete manifestations of entrepreneurship. According to a United
Nations report, in developing countries, SMEs account for more than 90% of all jobs, sales, and
value added; while in developed countries, they account for only over 50% of these same
measures.

It is interesting to note that over the years, the meaning of entrepreneurship has had a lot
of variations. These are some of the definitions that have been given to entrepreneurship from
early on to the present time.

CONTRIBUTOR DEFINITION
Knight (1921) Having profit from bearing uncertainty and risk.
Schumpeter (1934) Carrying out of new contributions of firm organization – new
products, new services, new sources of raw material, new
methods of production, new markets, new forms of
organization.
Hoselitz (1952) Uncertainty bearing…coordination of productive resources…
introduction of innovations and provision of capital.
Cole (1959) Purposeful activity to initiate and develop a profit-oriented
business.
McClelland (1961) Taking moderate risk.
Shapero (1975) A kind of behavior that includes: (1) initiative taking, (2) the
organizing or reorganizing of social economic mechanisms to
turn resources and situations to practical account, and (3) the
acceptance of risk failure.
Casson (1982) Decisions and judgments about the coordination of scarce
resources.
Ronstadt (1982) Dynamic process of creating incremental wealth. This wealth
is created by individuals who assume the major risks in terms
of equity, time, and/or career commitment of providing value

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 for some product or service. The product or service itself may
or may not be new or unique, but value must somehow be
infused
CONTRIBUTOR DEFINITION
Ronstadt (1982) Cont’n by the entrepreneur by securing and allocating the necessary
skills and resources.
Drucker (1985) Behavior rather than personality trait. Its foundation lies in
concept and theory rather than in intuition.
Gartner (1985) Creation of new organizations.
Hisrich & Brush (1985) Process of creating something new with value by devoting the
necessary time and effort; assuming the accompanying
financial, psychic, and social risks and uncertainties; and
receiving the resulting rewards of monetary and personal
satisfaction.
Stevenson & Pursuit of opportunity without regard to resources currently
Grousebeck (1989) controlled.
Hart, Stevenson, and Pursuit of opportunity without regard to resources currently
Dial (1995) controlled, but constrained by the founder’s previous choices
and industry-related experience.
Shane (2003) An activity that involves the discovery, evaluation and
exploitation of opportunities to introduce new goods and
services, ways of organizing, market, processes, and raw
materials through organizing efforts that previously had not
existed.
Kuratko (2009) Dynamic process of vision, change, and creation that requires
an application of energy and passion toward the creation and
implementation of new ideas and creative solutions.
Dyck and Neubert Conceiving an opportunity to offer new or improved goods or
(2012) services, showing the initiative to pursue that opportunity,
making plans, mobilizing the resources necessary to convert the
opportunity into reality.

Although each of these definitions views entrepreneurship from a slightly different

perspective, they all contain the following common elements:
 Innovation
 Opportunity seeking and exploitation
 Resource mobilizing
 Encountering risks and uncertainties
 Economic and personal rewards

There are a lot of factors that influence the friendliness of a country to entrepreneurs;
among these are the employment regulations, bankruptcy laws, and the tax policies of a country.
It is always inevitable that there are people who will take up the challenge to become an
entrepreneur in spite of the competitive business environment. Culled from various sources, here
are examples of entrepreneurship in these 10 countries:

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1. United States – noted to be one of the friendliest countries for entrepreneurs in the world,
the United States is home to thousands of successful entrepreneurs as shown by
companies like Apple, Google, Starbucks, Walmart, and Walt Disney.
2. China – this emerging country is home to building entrepreneurs who manufacture
different products that range from toys, gadgets, electronics, and cars. Most of the new
businesses in this country are home-grown because of a new breed of entrepreneurs who
realize the potential in their country. However, a lot of products in China have generic
brand names though.
3. Singapore – this is literally a small country that controls a significant portion of the
economy in Asia. Many of their entrepreneurs innovate on existing services for local and
international use.
4. Canada – entrepreneurs in Canada are exploring opportunities over the internet. For
example, people from a region called Sanikiluag are known for their wood carving skills
and entrepreneurs are selling their products online.
5. India – entrepreneurship plays a dominant role in the country’s economic landscape, with
the government providing a venue, called the Delhi Huts, to start-up entrepreneurs which
promote local handi-crafts. The Cottage Industries compound is another venue put up by
the Indian government for the development of local products manufactured and retailed
by start-up entrepreneurs. In fact, India is one of the countries in the Asia-Pacific rim
with a strong base of entrepreneur organizations led by the youth and women.
6. Taiwan – entrepreneurship is encouraged here through the small and medium enterprise
incubation centers for the purpose of nurturing young firms, new products and
technologies. These incubators provide space, facilities, hands-on management
assistance and access to technologies and financing to clients, helping them to survive
and grow during the start-up period. There are hundreds of incubators that have been
sponsored by the Taiwan SME Development Fund.
7. Hong Kong – with a knowledge-based economy, Hong Kong utilizes its human resources
to make its economy the best possible through entrepreneurship. There are many
entrepreneurial endeavors that flourish from the real estate enterprises, to the retail and
food businesses. Entrepreneurial activities related to tourism and agricultural exports
have likewise continually received strong support both from the government and private
sectors. Hong Kong is known as a “shopping haven.”
8. Thailand – the extend of government support to entrepreneurs is very evident in, for
example, in its international airport in Bangkok, where a huge section is subsidized by the
Bureau of Small and Medium Enterprises for the promotion of local products marketed
by entrepreneurs. Tourism for the international markets and agricultural exports are two
major sources of income generated by Thai entrepreneurs.
9. Malaysia – this country is becoming friendlier to entrepreneurs and this is apparent in the
number of business, both international and local, which decided to locate in Malaysia. Its
current emphasis on tourism as a business venture for entrepreneurs is gaining popularity.
10. South Korea – South Korea emerged from the Asian financial crisis better than any other
country in the region. The enterprising spirit is quite obvious in such companies as
Samsung and Kia that have now become well-known even outside the country.

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A Brief History on Entrepreneurship in the Philippines

The Philippines is an entrepreneurial country, where 99.7% of all firms operating in the
country are small and medium enterprises employing 69% of the labor force; and 47% of the
803, 476 registered establishments are SMEs owned by women. SMEs and large enterprises are
predominantly found in and around Metro Manila, while micro enterprises are relatively less
geographically concentrated.

The government, among its major strategies, is focused on promoting entrepreneurship

with the right environment. This pertains to its regulatory frameworks, financial resources, and
support programs for entrepreneurs, as well as business practices and social attitudes towards
entrepreneurship in general. Examples of SME-friendly laws are Magna Carta for Small
Enterprises and the Barangay Micro-Business Enterprises Act which provide incentives to
registered BMBEs, such as exemption from medium wage law, exemption from income tax,
special financing, and technical assistance. The 2004 to 2010 SME Development Plan identifies
the following specific programs to promote entrepreneurship:

1. Provisions of Business Opportunities

2. Strategic Business Planning, Training and Self-help Packages to Develop
Strategic Business Plans
3. Product Development and Design Services
4. Support to Start-up Enterprises in Selected Areas
5. Business Opportunities and Enterprise-Creation Approaches
6. Entrepreneurships Training Camps and Enterprise Development Programs
7. Business Opportunity Development and Investment Promotion for Innovative
Ideas
8. Institutionalization of the SME Opportunities Caravan
9. Franchising Seminars
10. Cooperatives Business Development Programs

Although legislation certainly helps, entrepreneurs are also given opportunities for
training and promotion and to gain a wide range of skills and varies experiences, so that they can
sustain their firm or establish their own businesses. To date, the programs and services provided
for entrepreneurs are relatively adequate. At the same time, universities/colleges, non-
government organizations, employers, and associations of entrepreneurs are providing support
independently or in coordination with the government agencies.

ELABORATE

The government focusses on promoting entrepreneurship with the right environment.

This includes regulatory frameworks, financial resources, and support programs for

6
 entrepreneurs, as well as business practices and social attitudes towards entrepreneurship in
general.

Something to Ponder
 Entrepreneurship is a catalyst for change
 Entrepreneurship flourishes in nurturing environments.

LESSON 1 - EVALUATION/ASSESSMENT

1. Explain the meaning of entrepreneurship according to Shane.

2. What are the differences between the meaning of entrepreneurship as defined by

Schumpeter, Drucker, and Kuratko?

3. What are the five common elements in the various definitions of entrepreneurship?

4. Discuss why the USA, India, and South Korea are friendly to entrepreneurs.

5. What are the factors that stimulate entrepreneurship in the Philippines?

RUBRIC IN ESSAY/REFLECTION WRITING

4 3 2 1
TRAITS EXCELLENT VERY SATISFACTORY SATISFACTORY POOR POINTS
CONTENTS & Major points are all Major points are stated but Major points are stated Major points are stated
DEVELOPMENT stated clearly and well supporting examples and but supporting but 5 and more
supported with citations haven 1-2 examples and citations supporting examples
examples and citations inconsistencies have 3-4 and citations are
inconsistencies. inconsistent.

ORGANIZATION Arrangement of ideas Arrangement of ideas Arrangement of ideas Arrangement of ideas

AND presented is all clear presented is presented is difficult to presented is distorted
STRUCTURE and very easy to understandable with minor follow with some (4-5 with many (6 and more
follow. (1-3 ideas) inconsistencies ideas) inconsistencies ideas) inconsistencies

SENTENCE, All rules in grammar There are minor (1-3) Contains some (4-6) Contains numerous (7
GRAMMAR, & are followed, errors in grammar, errors in grammar, and more) errors in
SPELLING punctuations ad punctuations and spelling punctuations and grammar, punctuations
spelling spelling and spelling.

7
LESSON 2: RELEVANCE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND
ENTREPRENEURS IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
AND SOCEITY

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:

 Trace the development of entrepreneurship

 Explain the entrepreneurial process; and
 Discuss the relevance of entrepreneurship in economic growth and society

ENGAGE

Entrepreneurship has an enormous impact on the economy and in the society. The
increase in entrepreneurial activities has also initiated changes in the structure of business and
society.

LESSON 2 – ACTIVITY (use the answer sheets)

 Interview any local government official in your community. Ask for the specific
economic and social contributions that businesses operating in the area have given
to your community. Make a narrative report. (Community: Barangay or Town)

EXPLORE

According to 2014 international Monetary Fund statistics, the economy of the Philippines
is the 39th largest in the world and is also one of the emerging market. During the time of
President Ferdinand Marcos, we are number 2 in Asia next to Japan. What do you think made us
the 39th in the statistics? Why are we now 2nd to the last in Asia?

EXPLAIN

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 Relevance of Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurs in Economic Development and Society

Entrepreneurship has an enormous impact on the economy and in the society. The
increase in entrepreneurial activities has also initiated changes in the structure of business and
society. Globally, the level of entrepreneurial activity has contributed significantly to the
national level of economic growth of many countries. It was Joseph Schumpeter, an Austrian
economist, who first articulated the importance of entrepreneurship to the economy and in the
society in 1934. The increase in entrepreneurial activities has also initiated changes in the
structure of business and society. Specifically, entrepreneurship has these contributions to the
economy and society.:

1. Creates Employment. When entrepreneurs put up their businesses, they employ people
who possess different competencies and personal values to help them operate the
enterprise.
2. Develops new markets. Entrepreneurs are opportunity-seekers, creative, and
resourceful. They seek for new buyers or customers of their product or services. They
go beyond the existing places where their products are sold and for other people who will
be interested.

Improves the Quality of

Creates Employment
Life

Develops New Markets Serves as Role Models

Role of
Entrepreneur-
ship and Brings Social Benefits to
Introduces Innovation Entrepreneurs the People
in Economic
Development
and Society Utilizes and Mobilizes
Generates New Sources of
Indigenous Resources
Materials

Provides more
Stimulates Investment
Alternatives for
Interest in the New
Consumers
Business Ventures being
created

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 3. Introduces Innovation. Entrepreneurs innovate. Innovations can be something ordinary
or technological or breakthrough. This innovation is done for the products, service or
technology towards commercialization and generate economic wealth. Due to
innovation, other businesses fold, while others will open or flourish. Some even
restructure like merging or buying-out firms, to respond to the changes that are required
in order to become sustainable in the business.
4. Generates new sources of materials. Entrepreneurs are always in constant search for
better and cheaper sources of materials they need. Finding new material providers help
in the economic growth of the place. These could be sourced from because of the value
creation.
5. Stimulates investment interest in the new business ventures being created. When
entrepreneurs engaged in a new business, it stirs curiosity for other people to invest in the
business because of the benefits it offers. This new investment contributes to economic
growth.
6. Improves the quality of life. The new products and services developed by the
entrepreneur contribute to the increase in the personal benefit and convenience of people
in society. The use of automatic gadgets in cooking or washing clothes, mobile phones,
internet services, agricultural machines, and many other innovations lead to a better
quality of life.
7. Serves as Role Models. Entrepreneurs are people to be emulated by younger generations
in the community and society at large. The attitude, behavior, and personality traits, like
proactiveness, opportunity recognition, risk-taking, alertness, and creativity, are some of
the characteristics that will also make them successful entrepreneurs in the future.
8. Brings social benefits to the people. Entrepreneurs pay taxes for every product or
service sole in the market. They also pay for the permits and licenses to operate their
businesses. The income derived from all these taxes by the government are then used for
the people, especially the poor to have more access to social services such as education
and health, as well as improvement in infrastructure facilities, such as roads and bridges
for faster and safer transportation of people from various destination.
9. Utilizes and mobilizes indigenous resources. Small and medium enterprises will
always look for cheaper and local materials to supply their needs. They also make use of
idle and unused resources to meet their needs. This saves much in terms of foreign
currency as local enterprises patronize their own resources and they do not become
dependent on imported materials.
10. Provides more alternatives for consumers. The stiff competition in the market for
quality and cheaper products and services requires the entrepreneurs to come up with
more products and services consumers can choose from. Entrepreneurs also become
more concerned about the welfare of their consumers, and ethical in producing and
selling their products or services, in order that consumers will prefer them over the other
enterprises selling the same.

ELABORATE

Consumers choose products that provide the greatest value and innovating on established
brands that are already trusted by consumers can be a powerful strategy.

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 Something to Ponder:
 Entrepreneurship leads to innovation
 Entrepreneurship contributes to the economic development of a country.

LESSON 2 - EVALUATION/ASSESSMENT (use the answer sheets)

1. Explain the contributions of entrepreneurship in economic development.

2. Discuss the relevance of entrepreneurship in the community and society.

RUBRIC IN ESSAY/REFLECTION WRITING

4 3 2 1
TRAITS EXCELLENT VERY SATISFACTORY SATISFACTORY POOR POINTS
CONTENTS & Major points are all Major points are stated but Major points are stated Major points are stated
DEVELOPMENT stated clearly and well supporting examples and but supporting but 5 and more
supported with citations haven 1-2 examples and citations supporting examples
examples and citations inconsistencies have 3-4 and citations are
inconsistencies. inconsistent.

ORGANIZATION Arrangement of ideas Arrangement of ideas Arrangement of ideas Arrangement of ideas

AND presented is all clear presented is presented is difficult to presented is distorted
STRUCTURE and very easy to understandable with minor follow with some (4-5 with many (6 and more
follow. (1-3 ideas) inconsistencies ideas) inconsistencies ideas) inconsistencies

SENTENCE, All rules in grammar There are minor (1-3) Contains some (4-6) Contains numerous (7
GRAMMAR, & are followed, errors in grammar, errors in grammar, and more) errors in
SPELLING punctuations ad punctuations and spelling punctuations and grammar, punctuations
spelling spelling and spelling.

11
 LESSON 3: CONCEPTS OF ENTREPRENEURS TODAY

“What is emerging today is a class of professional entrepreneurs who rely

more upon their brains than their guts – and who have been trained to use both
methods and technology to analyze the business environment.” (Dollinger)

Lesson Learning Objective:

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:

 Compare the personal characteristics of entrepreneurs in the past and today

 Determine the characteristics of entrepreneurs that are needed and suited at present

ENGAGE

An entrepreneur is someone who defines opportunities, plans, mobilizes resources,

manages, and assumes the risks of a business to have a positive impact on society.

LESSON 3 - ACTIVITY (use the answer sheets)

Answer the following statements honestly. There is no right or wrong answer. Indicate
your response to the items by encircling the number best corresponds to your answer. Use the
scale below to indicate your level of agreement or disagreement to each statement.

Questions Strongly Disagree Neither Agree Strongly

Disagree Agree or Agree
Disagree
I always think about my own business in the future 1 2 3 4 5
I do activities related to starting my own business 1 2 3 4 5
I have strong desire to start my own business 1 2 3 4 5
I will make every effort to start my own business 1 2 3 4 5

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I would like to follow the footstep parent/relative who 1 2 3 4 5
is an entrepreneur
I will learn all about the practical details needed to 1 2 3 4 5
start a business
I will be very happy when I am able to start my own 1 2 3 4 5
business
I know my family would approve of my dream to start 1 2 3 4 5
a business
Questions Strongly Disagree Neither Agree Strongly
Disagree Agree or Agree
Disagree
I would have a high chance of being successful if I try 1 2 3 4 5
to start a business while I am still young
I will not easily give up when problems come my way 1 2 3 4 5
while starting my own business

TOTAL

After answering all the statements, add your score. Refer to this conversion and the
verbal interpretation of your score:

40-50 = Very high intention to become an entrepreneur

30-39 = High intention to become an entrepreneur
20-29 = Average intention to become an entrepreneur
19 & below = Low intention to become an entrepreneur

Share with your classmates your findings about yourself. How many of you are in the
same level? How do you feel about knowing that some of you are in the same situation?

EXPLORE

A review of the literature showed that the personal characteristics often attributed to
entrepreneurs are confidence, flexibility, need to achieve, responsibility, commitment, creativity,
persevering, goal-oriented, realistic, sincere, hardworking, visionary, disciplined, feedback-
seeking, moderate risk-taker. Do you think these characteristics are true of entrepreneurs today?
In your own opinion, are these characteristics attribute to a successful entrepreneur?

EXPLAIN

Concept of Entrepreneurs Today

There is no universal definition of an entrepreneur. Being an entrepreneur means

different things to different people. From an economist’s point of view, it is someone who

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 brings resources, labor, materials, and other assets into combinations that make their value
greater than before; also one who “introduces changes, innovations, and a new order.” To a
psychologist, a person who is “typically driven by certain forces such as the need to obtain or
attain something, to experiment, to accomplish, or perhaps to escape the authority of others,” is
an entrepreneur. But from a management perspective, the entrepreneur is “someone who
identifies, opportunities, plans, mobilizes resources, manages, and assumes the risks of a
business to have a positive impact on society.”

The 21st century is considered as the entrepreneurial era. This number of entrepreneur
increases every year, such that 2006, about half a billion people worldwide were either actively
engaged in starting a new venture, or were owner-managers of a new enterprise. The Global
Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) reported that also in 2006, approximately 19 million Filipinos,
or 39% of the population, are engaged in various types of business activity. GEM further
recorded that the Philippines had the highest established business rate globally, with one out of
five Filipinos or 19.72% owning and managing an established business.

https://www.linkedin.com/

Globalization is coupled with changes in the social, political, and technological

environment. These factors altered the specific dimensions of being an entrepreneur. That is
emerging as the characteristics of entrepreneurs today is shown in the table below:

ENTREPRENEUR IN THE PAST TODAY

DIMENSION
Educational Attainment Less Educated Highly Educated
Age Older Younger
Gender Dominated by Males Mixed ownership by women and

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 men
Previous Experience Less Business and Employment More Business or Employment
Experience Experience
Knowledge of Business Knows the Trade at Large Knows the Core Business and its
Operation
Utilization of Information Relies on Manual Systems Proficient in and uses to a Large
Technology Extent Information Technology

ENTREPRENEUR IN THE PAST TODAY

DIMENSION
Innovation Orientation Automation for Efficiency Values Innovation for New Venture
Creation and Discovery
Goal Economic and Financial Gains Social, ecological and Economic
Gains
Principle of Governance Compliance and Centralized Ethical, Transparent and Group
Accountability
Use of Work Structure Highly Structured to meet Work More flexible to better balance their
Demands work and family lives
Leadership Style Directing Empowering
Drive Orientation To get ahead To make a difference
Perspective of Self- “I can do it” “We can do it”
confidence

A review of the literature showed that the personal characteristics often attributed to
entrepreneurs are confidence, flexibility, need to achieve, responsibility, commitment, creativity,
persevering, goal-oriented, realistic, sincere, hardworking, visionary, disciplined, feedback-
seeking, moderate risk-taker, and many more. These data likewise revealed some common
profile dimensions which are also applicable even among Filipino entrepreneurs today. The
following is a compilation based on various sources:

 Calculated risk-taking is doing everything possible to get the odds in their favor, and
they often avoid taking unnecessary risks. Examples of this include convincing other like
investors to put up money, creditors giving discounted interest rates, and suppliers
offering special terms of payment for the raw materials. These could all help to lessen
the risks entrepreneurs have to face in managing the business.
 Commitment is the unwavering dedication to work for the common good of the society
through one’s business. Examples of this include a willingness to use one’s own savings,
sacrificing family time, and working long hours, and travelling to different places to
acquire needed resources.
 Feedback-seeking is the taking of steps to know how well they are doing and how they
might improve their performance. One example is by constantly asking for comments,
reactions, and suggestions from their employees and customers, then using these
feedbacks to improve their product or services.

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  Perseverance is the determination to succeed by overcoming obstacles and setbacks.
Often, entrepreneurs will not easily give up when problems come their way. They will
try to see opportunities even in times of crisis and look for options for the business to
succeed. Examples of this include borrowing money from other sources to augment
capital; looking for and training employees when there is an exodus of people to work
abroad; and asking for the help of the government to give more support to small business.
 Drive to Achieve is the internal desire to pursue and attain challenging goals.
Entrepreneurs examine the situation, plan how to achieve their goal given the conditions,
and then push ahead. Examples of this include assessing their business performance
regularly based on set standards; analyzing how one’s competitors are dong in the
market; and planning strategically to sustain the business.
 Self-confidence is the belief that together with the other people, things can be done in the
business. Entrepreneurs seldom waver in their conviction. An example of this is having
a positive belief and allowing those around them to help during a crisis or ono-profitable
period for the business.
 Opportunity orientation is the constant awareness of opportunities that exist in
everyday life. Entrepreneurs begin with the opportunities they see and utilize these
opportunities. Examples of this include studying the change in consumer preferences to
improve an existing product/service or introduce a new one; importing more of the
needed raw materials when the government provides more tax incentives to import raw
materials; and availing of additional capital when interest rates for loans from banks are
low and there are no other sources accessible.
 Innovativeness is the ability to come up with something different or unique every time.
This can be in terms of a new product, service, process, market, or technology. This trait
is often related to creativity or “thinking-out-of-the-box” in any given situation to look
for opportunity for business. Examples include development of new models of
iPods/mobile phones, home delivery of products from supermarkets/ drugstores, online
buying of many products (books, clothes, jewelry, food); introduction of online services
(class enrollment, payment of bills, deposit/withdrawal of account); and ethnic cuisines
prepared in attractive ways by restaurants.
 Responsibility is their willingness to put themselves in situations where they are
personally responsible for the success or failure of the business operation. This is the
essence of being accountable for whatever is done by subordinates. Examples of this
include taking on the blame for mistakes of the employees; admitting to customers that
there is an error that was done and that this will be corrected; and standing up for what is
right for ethical issues that will put the company in a dilemma.
 Tolerance for failure is using it as a learning experience. This serious setbacks and
disappointments become an integral part of the learning process. Entrepreneurs are
realistic enough to expect such difficulties, so they do not become disappointed,
discouraged, or depressed by a setback or failure. Examples of this include confronting
the source of their problem like employees or suppliers; not repeating the same mistake in
the production of a product; and admitting to the customer that there is a need to improve
their services so that the same or similar complaints are avoided in the future.

ELABORATE

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 Entrepreneurs are found everywhere around the globe. They are a distinct group of
business people who contribute the development of society. The word “entrepreneur” is derived
from a French word entreprendre, meaning “to undertake.” The entrepreneur is the founder and
creator of the enterprise who makes use of the opportunities that abound to start or grow a
business, knowing that there are risks involved in such undertaking. Over the years, the number
of people, especially women, choosing to become entrepreneurs has risen dramatically. This is
despite the fact that they face situations that tend to overload their information-processing
capacity and are characterized by high levels of uncertainty, novelty, emotion, and time preure
amidst a dynamic and complex environment.

LESSON 3 – EVALUATION/ASSESSMENT (use the answer sheets)

(Use the answer sheets)

1. Compare the entrepreneurs in the past and today. How different are they from each other
based on the entrepreneur’s dimensions?
2. Discuss some common personal characteristics of the entrepreneurs today. Which of
these do you consider more observable among Filipino entrepreneurs?
3. Explain how an economist, a psychologist, and management people view entrepreneurs

RUBRIC IN ESSAY/REFLECTION WRITING

4 3 2 1
TRAITS EXCELLENT VERY SATISFACTORY SATISFACTORY POOR POINTS
CONTENTS & Major points are all Major points are stated but Major points are stated Major points are stated
DEVELOPMENT stated clearly and well supporting examples and but supporting but 5 and more
supported with citations haven 1-2 examples and citations supporting examples
examples and citations inconsistencies have 3-4 and citations are
inconsistencies. inconsistent.

ORGANIZATION Arrangement of ideas Arrangement of ideas Arrangement of ideas Arrangement of ideas

AND presented is all clear presented is presented is difficult to presented is distorted
STRUCTURE and very easy to understandable with minor follow with some (4-5 with many (6 and more
follow. (1-3 ideas) inconsistencies ideas) inconsistencies ideas) inconsistencies

SENTENCE, All rules in grammar There are minor (1-3) Contains some (4-6) Contains numerous (7
GRAMMAR, & are followed, errors in grammar, errors in grammar, and more) errors in
SPELLING punctuations ad punctuations and spelling punctuations and grammar, punctuations
spelling spelling and spelling.

17
LESSON 4: ENTREPRENEURIAL COMPETENCIES

https://www.google.com/

LESSON LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the lesson you are able to:

 Identify the competencies needed of a successful Filipino entrepreneur

 Analyze the different entrepreneurial competencies.

ENGAGE

18
 Entrepreneurial competencies are important in many ways. They facilitate opportunity
recognition, help adapt rapidly to changes, enhance business performance, strengthen the firm’s
competitive position, and ultimately, stir the achievement of organizational success. This
implies that if enterprises are led by competent entrepreneurs, their performance will inevitably
be higher.

LESSON 4 - ACTIVITY (use the answer sheets)

Answer the following statements honestly. There is no right or wrong answer. Indicate
your response to the items by encircling the number that best corresponds to your answer. Use
the scale below to indicate the degree to which you possess each competency at this stage in your
life.

ENTREPRENEURS Beginning Developing Approximately Proficient Advanced

COMPETENCIES (74% & (75%-79%) Proficient (85%- (90% &
below) (80%-84%) 89%) above)
Negotiate with others 1 2 3 4 5
Interact with others 1 2 3 4 5
Explore new ideas 1 2 3 4 5
Organize resources 1 2 3 4 5
Coordinate tasks 1 2 3 4 5
Communicate with others effectively 1 2 3 4 5
Organize people 1 2 3 4 5
Motivate people 1 2 3 4 5
Delegate effectively 1 2 3 4 5
Learn from a variety of means 1 2 3 4 5

TOTAL

After answering all the statements, add your score. Refer to this conversion and the
verbal interpretation of your score:

40 – 50 = Very High entrepreneurial emotional competency level.

30 – 39 = High entrepreneurial emotional competency level.
20 – 29 = Average entrepreneurial emotional competency level.
19 & below = Low entrepreneurial emotional competency level.

Go to your GC and look for one of your classmates and share your findings about
yourself.

19
EXPLORE

Regardless of definition of success, there are a great number of common characteristics

that are shared by successful entrepreneurs.

From the activity above, do you have the same score in some competencies? How do
you feel about knowing that you have the same profile?

EXPLAIN

According to Camuffo, Gerli, and Gubitta (2012), the entrepreneurs’ competencies can be
divided into functional, behavioral, and cross-functional groups, as shown in the table below.

Functional Emotional Cross-Functional

 Personal computing 1. Self-awareness 1. Action and attainment
(use of computer  Emotional awareness skills
equipment; use of  Accurate self-  Efficiency orientation
electronic mail and assessment  Planning
spreadsheets)  Self-confidence  Initiative
 Procurement 2. Self-management  Attention to detail
(knowledge of  Self-control  Self-control
procurement  Result orientation  Flexibility
processes and order-  Initiative  Information gathering
to-delivery processes)  Reliability  Result orientation
 Business English  Consciousness  Organizational
 Managerial  Adaptability commitment
Communication  Optimism 2. People management skills
 Production and 3. Social Awareness  Empathy
logistics  Empathy  Persuasiveness
 Project management  Service orientation  Networking
 Total quality  Organizational  Negotiation
management awareness  Self-confidence
 Organization  Cultural awareness  Group management
 Strategy 4. Relationship Management  Developing others
 HR Management  Inspirational  Oral communication
 Information leadership  Customer orientation
technology  Communication  Business bargaining
 Marketing and sales  Conflict management  Organizational
 Business law  Change catalyst awareness
 Control  Influence  Directing others
 International  Developing others

20
 management  Relationship creation  Teamwork
 Finance  Teamwork  Leadership
 Accounting 5. Cognitive 3. Analytical reasoning skills
 Systemic thinking  Use of concepts
 Pattern recognition  System thinking
 Cross-Functional  Pattern recognition
 Theory building
 Use of technologies
 Quantitative analysis
 Social objectivity

Functional Emotional Cross-Functional

3. Analytical reasoning skills
(continuation)
 Written
communication
 Visioning
 Process-based vision
 Benchmarking

The functional competencies are those skills, organized into clusters, regarding the main
areas pf managerial knowledge, such as accountancy, finance, control, marketing, HR
management, organization, operations, internationalization, and strategy, plus other capabilities
that enable the entrepreneur to manage organization. On the other hand, the emotional
competencies are those specific behaviors grouped into five clusters, namely:
1. Self-awareness
2. Self-management
3. Social awareness
4. Relationship management
5. Cognitive competencies

The cross-functional competencies are those broad overall skills that are grouped into
1. goal and action management cluster
2. people management cluster
3. Analytical reasoning cluster

It is ideal that the entrepreneurs possess and demonstrate at an advanced level these
various competencies to contribute to better firm performance. The success of the entrepreneurs
in their business ventures primarily rests on the competencies they possess and how they
actualized these in behavior and actions in their day-to-day lines. It is important to bear in mind

21
that these entrepreneurial competencies are changeable and learnable, so that the low level of
competencies of entrepreneurs in any area can be changed through proper education and training.

In another research by Man and Chan (2002), they said that the characteristics of
entrepreneurial competencies can be explained from a process perspective, reflecting the actual
behavior of the entrepreneur. As higher-level characteristics, they are in turn influenced by the
entrepreneurs’ experience, training, education, family background and other demographic
factors. Man and Chan categorized all of the identified competencies into relevant activities or
behavior in the small and medium enterprise context. The six competency areas identified in the
literature are grouped together, as described below:

1. Opportunity competencies – Competencies related to recognizing and developing

market opportunities through various means.
2. Relationship competencies – Competencies related to person-to-person or individual-to-
group-based interactions, e.g., building a context of cooperation and trust, using contacts
and connections, persuasive ability, communication and interpersonal skill.
3. Conceptual competencies – Competencies related to different conceptual abilities,
which are reflected in the behaviors of the entrepreneur, e.g., decision skills, absorbing
and understanding complex information, and risk-taking, and innovativeness.
4. Organizing competencies – Competencies related to the organization of different
internal and external human, physical, financial and technological resources, including
team-building, leading employees, training and controlling.
5. Strategic Competencies – Competencies related to setting, evaluating and implementing
the strategies of the firm.
6. Commitment Competencies – Competencies that drive the entrepreneur to move ahead
with the business.

ELABORATE

Entrepreneurial competencies are the sum total of the personality, skills and knowledge
that the entrepreneur possesses, which are necessary to effectively perform their functions and
responsibilities. As reported by Lau, Man, and Chan (1999), entrepreneurial competencies are
considered a higher-level characteristics encompassing personality traits, skills and knowledge,
and, therefore, can be seen as the total ability of the entrepreneur to perform a job role
successfully.

LESSON 4 – EVALUATION/ASSESSMENT (use the answer sheets)

(Use the answer sheets)

1. Explain the importance of entrepreneurial competencies.

2. Explain the six competency areas of entrepreneurial competencies.

22
LESSON 5: ENTREPRENEURIAL DECISION-MAKING AS A
CORE COMPETENCY

https://www.naijapreneur.com/

23
 https://startupanz.com/

Lesson Learning Objectives

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

 Discuss the importance of a decision-making in the business.

 Explain the entrepreneurial decision-making process as a core competency.

ENGAGE

The success or failure of the business of entrepreneur depends on his/her ability to make
the right judgment at every step of the way.

LESSON 5 - ACTIVITY (use the answer sheets)

In your neighborhood, go to an sari-sari store/mini-grocery is any and ask the owner on

how he/she deals with customers with big amount of credit. What are the means on how he/she
goes about this problem in his/her business? Make a summary on your interview. (Use the
answer sheets for your summary)

EXPLORE

Entrepreneurial process shows that creative thinking is the must have “skill” of an
entrepreneur for the creation of new ideas. Think about on what will happen into a business if
the entrepreneur does not have the skill in decision making?

EXPLAIN

Entrepreneurs think and process information differently. Research has shown that
entrepreneurs are able to make sense of complex and ambiguous situations more quickly and
take more conventional approaches in making decisions. It also means the critical and creative
skills of the entrepreneurs are utilized in decision-making. However, it was also observed that
entrepreneurs also experience stronger levels of emotion and mood than do other people in
relation to their work, which influence their judgments. But then, entrepreneurs will always
make decisions from the identification stage, to the organization, and implementation/execution
stages of their business venture. The success or failure of the business of entrepreneur depends

24
on his/her ability to make the right judgment at every step of the way. These are some of the
important factors that determine the entrepreneurial decision-making process:

1. Rational/scientific method in decision-making – this involves the use of the standard

six-step process to arrive at a decision as shown in the figure below.

 Identify the problem

 Gather Data

 Data Analysis

 Formulate alternative solutions

 Select the best alternative

 Implement the decision

In many instances, this scientific method requires the use of management quantitative
techniques, such as forecasting using the time-series or growth rate analysis, sensitivity analysis
of financial data, regression and correlation for market demands, and PERT-CPM (Program
Evaluation Review Technique = Critical Path Method) for production and distribution data.
Those entrepreneurs who had acquired a college degree, especially in the field of business,
accountancy, and engineering find this decision-making tool very handy. There are, however,
25
entrepreneurs who have not gone to college and, therefore, are not familiar with and did not
utilize this scientific method, yet they became successful.

2. Use of intuition in decision-making – this pertains to the use of “gut feel” to arrive at a
decision. There are those who believe that entrepreneurs have a “sixth sense” that enable them
to make quick decisions even in the absence of complete information or without a deliberate
search for data. But sometimes, this tendency of the entrepreneurs to make fast decisions result
in missed opportunities, disappointments, or business failure.

3. Affect infusion – this suggests that entrepreneurs’ current mood influence judgments or
decisions by influencing the ease with which information consistent with positive (e.g. sourcing
of additional capital or product design) or opportunities (e.g. new customers in a nearby town or
increase in the purchasing power of customers) than when they engage in simpler and relatively
“automatic” modes of thought (e.g. time to open and close the store or cleaning the
machines/equipment).
4. Attribution style – this refers to the entrepreneurs’ self-serving bias. This bias is
actually related to:
a. A strong tendency on the part of most entrepreneurs to attribute positive outcomes to
internal cause (e.g. their own skill, talent, good judgment, or hard work).
b. A corresponding tendency of the entrepreneurs to attribute negative outcomes to external
causes (e.g. high-inflation rate, obsolete machine, unavailability of raw materials, or
unreliable suppliers).

Therefore, the judgments or decisions they make are hinged on the strong belief that they
will succeed and vastly overestimate the odds. As noted recently, the existence of such self-
serving bias, successful entrepreneurs are more adept than unsuccessful ones at forging
relationships with others that are necessary to the survival and growth of their business. It means
that they will always network with industry associations related to their business, reliable circle
of friends in the business, government agencies, and suppliers.

5. Counterfactual thinking – this is understood as an “afterthought in decision-making in

which the procedures followed to perform the task are discussed, and various alternatives that
could have been followed are considered.” Entrepreneurs are less likely to engage in
counterfactual thinking, especially in situations where they have experienced negative outcomes
such as missed opportunities, big volume of rejects from buyers, high resignation rate of
workers, family conflict, and bankruptcy.

6. Over-confidence – this refers to the tendency of the entrepreneurs to think that they
know more than what they really know when they make the decision. This is the entrepreneurs’
failure to know the limits of their own knowledge. Over-confidence occurs when entrepreneurs’
assessments are overly optimistic. This happens because of their tendency to see past events as
more predictable than they actually were, so they usually say: “I knew it.” Over-confidence also
occurs because of their tendency to gather evidence for, and assign more weight to, information
that validates one’s belief, and to stop seeking or to ignore contradictory information. This
particularly bias is shown when entrepreneurs refuse to see reality, such as the decline in the
sales of a product, low morale of workers, and inefficient production.

26
 7. Knowing style – this is the combination of “analytical and conceptual thinking”, where
the entrepreneurs look for facts and data before they make decisions. They want to know exactly
how things are, and they tend to retain many facts and details. They are task-oriented and
accurate, and they thrive on complex problems if they can find a clear and rational solution.
When they use this style, decision-making tends to be slower, cautious, and centralized,
especially when they are small-and medium-sized family firms.

8. Creative Style – this is characterized by “holistic and conceptual thinking.”

Entrepreneurs who use this style tend to be creative and enjoy experimentation before making
decisions. They think “out-of-the-box.” They tend to see opportunities and challenges. “They
do not like rules and procedures, and take pleasure in uncertainty and freedom. They are
ambitious and achievement-oriented. Successful entrepreneurs show more originality than
others and are able to produce solutions that run against established knowledge. Creative
thinking also facilitates the recognition of business opportunities.”

ELABORATE

Research has shown that entrepreneurs are able to make sense of complex and ambiguous
situations more quickly and take more conventional approaches in making decisions. It also
means the critical and creative skills of the entrepreneurs are utilized in decision-making.

LESSON 5 – EVALUATION/ASSESSMENT (use the answer sheets)

1. Do you agree on the use of intuition in making a decision? Support your answer.

2. React on the Knowing style in making a decision.

RUBRIC IN ESSAY/REFLECTION WRITING

4 3 2 1
TRAITS EXCELLENT VERY SATISFACTORY SATISFACTORY POOR
CONTENTS & Major points are all Major points are stated but Major points are stated Major points are stated
DEVELOPMENT stated clearly and well supporting examples and but supporting but 5 and more
supported with citations haven 1-2 examples and citations supporting examples
examples and citations inconsistencies have 3-4 and citations are
inconsistencies. inconsistent.

ORGANIZATION Arrangement of ideas Arrangement of ideas Arrangement of ideas Arrangement of ideas

AND presented is all clear presented is presented is difficult to presented is distorted
STRUCTURE and very easy to understandable with minor follow with some (4-5 with many (6 and more
follow. (1-3 ideas) inconsistencies ideas) inconsistencies ideas) inconsistencies

27
SENTENCE, All rules in grammar There are minor (1-3) Contains some (4-6) Contains numerous (7
GRAMMAR, & are followed, errors in grammar, errors in grammar, and more) errors in
SPELLING punctuations ad punctuations and spelling punctuations and grammar, punctuations
spelling spelling and spelling.

ENTREPRENEURIAL MIND – PRELIMS

NAME: COURSE:

ANSWER SHEETS
(Only the answer sheets are to be submitted - Pages 28-36)

LESSON 1 CONCEPT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP

ACTIVITY

 Move around your community. Look for a woman entrepreneur in your

community. Ask her about the reasons for her engaging in entrepreneurship. Is
her business successful? Make a narrative report on your interview.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

28
EVALUATION/ASSESSMENT

1. Explain the meaning of entrepreneurship according to Shane.

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

2. What are the differences between the meaning of entrepreneurship as defined by

Schumpeter, Drucker, and Kuratko?

Schumpeter
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Drucker
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Kuratko
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

3. What are the five common elements in the various definitions of entrepreneurship?
___________________________, _________________________, ______________________,
___________________________, _________________________

4. Discuss why the USA, India, and South Korea are friendly to entrepreneurs.
USA
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
India
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

29
South Korea
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

5. What are the factors that stimulate entrepreneurship in the Philippines?

_____________________________________, _______________________________________,
_____________________________________, _______________________________________,
_____________________________________, _______________________________________,

LESSON 2: RELEVANCE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND

ENTREPRENEURS IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
AND SOCEITY

ACTIVITY 1

 Interview any local government official in your community. Ask for the specific
economic and social contributions that businesses operating in the area have given to
your community. Make a narrative report. (Community: Barangay or Town)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

EVALUATE/ASSESSMENT

a. Explain the contributions of entrepreneurship in economic development.

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

30
 ______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

b. Discuss the relevance of entrepreneurship in the community and society.

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

LESSON 3: CONCEPTS OF ENTREPRENEURS TODAY

ACTIVITY

Answer the following statements honestly. There is no right or wrong answer. Indicate your
response to the items by encircling the number best corresponds to your answer. Use the scale
below to indicate your level of agreement or disagreement to each statement.

Questions Strongly Disagree Neither Agre Strongly

Disagree Agree or e Agree
Disagree
I always think about my own business in the future 1 2 3 4 5
I do activities related to starting my own business 1 2 3 4 5
I have strong desire to start my own business 1 2 3 4 5
I will make every effort to start my own business 1 2 3 4 5
I would like to follow the footstep parent/relative who 1 2 3 4 5
is an entrepreneur
I will learn all about the practical details needed to 1 2 3 4 5
start a business
I will be very happy when I am able to start my own 1 2 3 4 5
business
I know my family would approve of my dream to start 1 2 3 4 5
a business
I would have a high chance of being successful if I try 1 2 3 4 5
to start a business while I am still young
I will not easily give up when problems come my way 1 2 3 4 5
while starting my own business

TOTAL

31
 After answering all the statements, add your score. Refer to this conversion and the
verbal interpretation of your score:

40-50 = Very high intention to become an entrepreneur

30-39 = High intention to become an entrepreneur
20-29 = Average intention to become an entrepreneur
19 & below = Low intention to become an entrepreneur

Share with your classmates your findings about yourself. How many of you are in the
same level? How do you feel about knowing that some of you are in the same situation?

EVALUATE/ASSESSMENT

1. Compare the entrepreneurs in the past and today. How different are they from each other
based on the entrepreneur’s dimensions?
Past__________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Today________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

2. Discuss some common personal characteristics of the entrepreneurs today. Which of

these do you consider more observable among Filipino entrepreneurs?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

3. Explain how an economist, a psychologist, and management people view entrepreneurs

Economist_____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Psychologist___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

32
 Management
People________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

LESSON 4: ENTREPRENEURIAL COMPETENCIES

ACTIVITY

Answer the following statements honestly. There is no right or wrong answer. Indicate your
response to the items by encircling the number that best corresponds to your answer. Use the
scale below to indicate the degree to which you possess each competency at this stage in your
life.

ENTREPRENEURS Beginning Developing Approximately Proficient Advanced

COMPETENCIES (74% & (75%-79%) Proficient (85%- (90% &
below) (80%-84%) 89%) above)
Negotiate with others 1 2 3 4 5
Interact with others 1 2 3 4 5
Explore new ideas 1 2 3 4 5
Organize resources 1 2 3 4 5
Coordinate tasks 1 2 3 4 5
Communicate with others effectively 1 2 3 4 5
Organize people 1 2 3 4 5
Motivate people 1 2 3 4 5
Delegate effectively 1 2 3 4 5
Learn from a variety of means 1 2 3 4 5

TOTAL

After answering all the statements, add your score. Refer to this conversion and the
verbal interpretation of your score:

33
 40 – 50 = Very High entrepreneurial emotional competency level.
30 – 39 = High entrepreneurial emotional competency level.
20 – 29 = Average entrepreneurial emotional competency level.
19 & below = Low entrepreneurial emotional competency level.

Go to your GC and look for one of your classmates and share your findings about
yourself.

EVALUATE/ASSESSMENT

1. Explain the importance of entrepreneurial competencies.

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

2. Explain the six competency areas of entrepreneurial competencies

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

34
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

LESSON 5: ENTREPRENEURIAL DECISION-MAKING AS A

CORE COMPETENCY

ACTIVITY

In your neighborhood, go to an sari-sari store/mini-grocery is any and ask the owner on how
he/she deals with customers with big amount of credit. What are the means on how he/she goes
about this problem in his/her business? Make a summary on your interview.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

EVALUATION/ASSESSMENT

1. Do you agree on the use of intuition in making a decision? Support your answer.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

35
 ______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

2. React on the Knowing style in making a decision.

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

RUBRIC IN ESSAY/REFLECTION WRITING

4 3 2 1
TRAITS EXCELLENT VERY SATISFACTORY POOR POINTS
SATISFACTORY
CONTENTS & Major points are all Major points are Major points are Major points are
DEVELOPMENT stated clearly and well stated but supporting stated but supporting stated but 5 and more
supported with examples and examples and supporting examples
examples and citations citations haven 1-2 citations have 3-4 and citations are
inconsistencies inconsistencies. inconsistent.

ORGANIZATION Arrangement of ideas Arrangement of ideas Arrangement of ideas Arrangement of ideas

AND STRUCTURE presented is all clear presented is presented is difficult presented is distorted
and very easy to understandable with to follow with some with many (6 and
follow. minor (1-3 ideas) (4-5 ideas) more ideas)
inconsistencies inconsistencies inconsistencies

SENTENCE, All rules in grammar There are minor (1-3) Contains some (4-6) Contains numerous (7
GRAMMAR, & are followed, errors in grammar, errors in grammar, and more) errors in
SPELLING punctuations ad punctuations and punctuations and grammar,
spelling spelling spelling punctuations and
spelling.

COURSE REQUIREMENT
A. Class Standing - 60% B. Major Exams - 40%
Attendance 10% Assessment:
Oral Recitation 20% Prelim
Activities 10% Midterm
Quizzes (Evaluation/Lesson) 20% Finals

36
37