Technology

Vocational Livelihood 11
Shielded Metal Arc Welding

Quarter 1
Self-Learning Module 15
TITLE: CORRECT TRAVEL SPEED
Writer: Antonio F. Quines
Reviewer: Orlando A. Joven Jr (Validator)
Emmanuel B. Penetrante (Technical)
Cerina Galoy (Grammarian)
 EXPECTATIONS

This unit deals with the skills and knowledge involved in Welding Essentials
particularly on correct arc length.

At the end of the lesson you are expected to:

1. define electrode travel speed;
2. enumerate the factors that determined the correct travel speed; and
3. discuss the importance correct travel speed.

PRETEST

DIRECTIONS: TRUE/FALSE Read each statement below carefully. Write T if you

think a statement it TRUE and F if it is FALSE in the space provided before each
number.

_______1. The arc travel speed is the linear rate that the arc moves along the work
piece.
_______2. As the material thickness increases, the travel speed must be increase.

_______3. Correct travel speed affect the amount of electrode deposited and the
uniformity of the bead.
_______4. The bead should be 3 times the diameter of the electrode wire.

_______5. The formula for computing travel speed is:

Travel Speed = Length of Weld / Time to weld.

RECAP

What is the meaning of electrode angle?

_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

What is the different types of electrode angle?

_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
 LESSON

ARC TRAVEL SPEED The arc travel speed is the linear rate that the arc moves along
the work piece. This parameter is usually expressed as inches or meters per minute.

Three general statements can be made regarding the arc travel speed

1) As the material thickness increases, the travel speed must be lowered.

2) For a given material thickness and joint design, as the welding current is
increased, so is the arc travel speed. The converse is also true.

3) Higher welding speeds are attainable by using the forehand welding technique.

In addition, a certain range is required to maintain arc stability at any

given welding current level.

https://www.esabna.com/euweb/mig_handbook/592migtop.jpg
Q: What is the proper way to calculate a welder's travel speed?

A: Travel speed is a function of time and distance traveled. Distance traveled

represents the actual length for which weld metal is deposited from the initiation of the
arc to the termination of the arc. This is quite simple to calculate for a given welding
process. Determine the actual location on the work piece at which the welder begins
depositing filler metal along with a starting time. You can use a timepiece with a
second hand or a stopwatch for this. Begin timing the welding process when the
welder initiates the arc and stop when the weld pass is terminated. Then determine
how much time elapsed along with the total length of filler metal deposited. For
example, let's say the welder traveled 4.5 inches in 50 seconds. Divide 4.5 by 50 and
you get 0.09 inches per second. Multiply 0.09 by 60 (seconds per minute) and the
resultant answer is 5.4 inches per minute (in./min). This particular welder's travel
speed is 5.4 in./min at his/her current welding parameters. Travel speed is generally
expressed in inches per minute. Note that the welder's travel speed will generally
change with welding variables such as position, filler metal diameter, joint
accessibility, etc.
http://www.aws.org/
 Handbook - Welding Techniques - ESAB Welding & Cutting

How do you calculate welding speed?

The formula is as follows:

1. Travel Speed = Length of Weld / Time to weld = 25 inches / 2 minutes = 12.5

inches per minute.

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smaw-international-welding-codes&psig
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Travel Speed Faults

Beginner welders tend to move the rod too quickly, especially those who are
transitioning to arc welding from another welding process. The pool of molten slag
is wide, tall and bubbly, and shouldn't be mistaken for the weld pool!

The weld underneath the slag will be about half the width of the molten slag pool,
and it takes longer than might be expected to build it up. Experienced arc welders
say they can see the weld through the slag pool (they say it is darker and more red
in color).

Effects of travel speed

 Speed OK

The bead is fairly consistent. The ridges in the weld are semi-circular.
 Speed Too Fast

Excessive speed results in a thin, weak bead. The ridges in the weld are
elongated and triangular. Had the current been increased to compensate for the
speed the ridges would still remain elongated.

 Speed Too Slow

 Welding too slowly results in a wide tall buildup of weld. The shape of the weld is
not consistent as the weld pool has built up and then collapsed into the crater.
The poor control of the weld pool can result in cold joints and slag inclusions.

https://www.mig-welding.co.uk/
 ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY NO 1. Directions: Using the diagram, define and describe the correct
travel speed of electrode.

Travel
speed

ACTIVITY NO 2.

Directions: Using this formula, compute the travel speed of the following.
[Travel Speed = Length of Weld / Time to weld]
Example: 25 inches / 2 minutes = 12.5 inches per minute
Length of Weld Time to Weld Travel Speed

Length of the Weld Time to Weld Travel Speed

12 inches 3 minutes 4 inches per minute
20 inches 4 minutes 5 inches per minute
35 inches 4 minutes 8.75 inches per minute
23 inches 2 minutes 11.5 inches per minute
18 inches 3 minutes 6 inches per minute
 WRAP-UP

Today you learned many things about correct travel speed of electrode, now in
paragraph form summarize what you have learned.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

VALUING

Now that you’ve learned the correct travel speed of electrode. Write your thoughts
in paragraphs below:

1. What is the importance of knowing the correct travel speed of electrode?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

POSTTEST

Directions: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. What is the best to determine the correct travel of speed?

a. Type of electrode c. Amperage setting
b. Size of electrode d. All of the above
2. Which of the following is the movement of electrode forward and downward?
a. Electrode angle c. Travel speed
b. Arc length d. None of the above
3. What is the travel speed computed if the welder traveled 8 inches in 2 minutes?
a. 2 inches per minute c. 4 inches per minute
b. 3 inches per minute d. 5 inches per minute
4. What is the unit of travel speed?
a. Meter per second c. Meter per minute
b. Inches per minute d. Inches per second
5. What is the travel speed computed if the welder traveled 12 inches in 2
minutes?
a. inches per minute
b. 8 inches per minute
c. 4 inches per minute
d. 6 inches per minute
 KEY TO CORRECTION

5.TRUE 5. D 6 inches per minutes 5.

4.FALSE 4. B 11.5 inches per minute 4.
3.TRUE 3. C 8.75 inches per minute 3.
2.FALSE 2. C 5 inches per minute 2.
1.TRUE 1. D 4 inches per minute 1.
PRETEST POSTTEST ACTIVITY 2

ACTIVITY 1

R E F E R E N CE S

Department of Education (2018). Technology & Livelihood Module 1 Learner’s

Material, IA- Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) First Edition,

Department of Education (2008). Competency-based Learning Material (2nd Year),

Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) NC-1, Module 2 Preparing Welding Materials.

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