Heat Transfer Through Building Envelope

more than half of the total annual energy used by households goes to space heating and air conditioning. About 27% goes to water
heating, lighting, and refrigeration combined and the remaining 21% to everything else—from washers and dryers etc. Regardless
of the climate or the home, heat always behaves in predictable ways, and these are useful for understanding how heat moves
.through structures

Heat is transferred from outside to inside through the building envelope and the quantities are derived by certain basic principles.
Sometimes the roof temperature reaches 60-65 degrees, but because there is insulation on the roof, the internal temperature is
likely to drop significantly, thermal damping describes the way that external temperature and heat flow affect the interior of a
building. It depends on the method of construction, thermal mass, insulation and heat capacity of the building. Thermal dampers
reduce the amplitude of the temperature wave. The building indicator is the total heat gain through the entire system (walls,
ceilings, protrusions, etc.)

.In conclusion heat moves through building assemblies primarily in three ways: by conduction, by convection, and by radiation

Materials that are poor conductors serve as insulators when they are placed between more-conductive materials in an assembly suc
.h as a wall or a roof

The flow of heat through an assembly of materials is slowed down appreciably by insulating materials

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Hannen adnan al-balawi 411004409

Elaf oudah al-balawi 411006036