GROUP 1:

Kyrene Bolla
Marc Lunas
Allayn Advencula
Pierre Bato
Audenus Apostol
Eirah Marcelo

Plant Conservation in the Philippines

INTRODUCTION: What is plant conservation?

BODY OF OUR REPORTINGS:

1st subtopic: Philippine native plants conservation society (non-profit

organization)
a. What is PNPCSI
- The Philippine Native Plants Conservation Society Inc. is the
premier non-government organization in the Philippines
advocating for conservation of native flora and natural habitats.
b. How and why was the organization formed?
- Founded in 2007 by botanist Leonardo L. Co
-
- PNPCSI’S articles of incorporation or documents were signed on
the april 4, 2008 by 12 founding members, led by botanist and
inaugural president, Leonard L. Co.
- The organization was duly registered with the Securities and
Exchange Commission shortly thereafter, on the june 16, 2008.
-
c. What is their goals
Popularize the natural history of Philippine native plants and their
associated habitats through various educational fora and media, and
advocate the conservation of this rich natural heritage for future
generations

Stimulate research, provide venues for the exchange of ideas, and

promote mentorship in various disciplines of plant science
 Advocate restorative work in degraded habitats, particularly centering on
remaining natural forest fragments

Promote exchanges of knowledge, information, and technical know-how

regarding in situ and ex situ conservation activities for threatened native
plants

Create a venue for intelligent discussions on how to develop horticulture

and responsibly use native plants in landscaping for maximum benefit
without compromising the existence of plant populations in the wild

Promote ethnobotany and related sciences as tools for protecting our

national and cultural heritage, closely linking our native plant
conservation agenda with our traditional culture and indigenous
knowledge systems

d. Projects of PNPCSI
They usually have events
Native tree planting contest
Environment property Manage

- PNPCSI members advocate for the appreciation, study, and

conservation of all plant species and habitats.

ABOUT US

WHAT IS PNPCSI?
The Philippine Native Plants Conservation Society Inc. (PNPCSI) is the premier
non-government organization in the Philippines advocating for conservation of
native flora and their natural habitats.

HOW AND WHY WAS THE

ORGANIZATION FORMED?

PNPCSI’s Articles of Incorporation were signed on the 4th of April, 2008 by 12

founding members, led by botanist and inaugural president, Leonard L. Co. The
organization was duly registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission
shortly thereafter, on the 16th of June, 2008.

The organization’s purpose, initially declared in the Articles of Incorporation, was

later condensed into the following Vision, Mission, and Goal statements:

Vision

Champion in the conservation of native plants for nation-building

Mission

Knowledge generation and sharing in the conservation of Philippine native plants

and their habitats toward sustainable development

OUR GOALS

● Popularize the natural history of Philippine native plants and their

associated habitats through various educational fora and media, and
advocate the conservation of this rich natural heritage for future
generations
● Stimulate research, provide venues for the exchange of ideas, and promote
mentorship in various disciplines of plant science
● Advocate restorative work in degraded habitats, particularly centering on
remaining natural forest fragments
● Promote exchanges of knowledge, information, and technical know-how
regarding in situ and ex situ conservation activities for threatened native
plants
● Create a venue for intelligent discussions on how to develop horticulture
and responsibly use native plants in landscaping for maximum benefit
without compromising the existence of plant populations in the wild
● Promote ethnobotany and related sciences as tools for protecting our
national and cultural heritage, closely linking our native plant conservation
agenda with our traditional culture and indigenous knowledge systems
OUR MEMBERS

Over the last fourteen years, the organization has developed a diverse
membership: students, professors, and scientific researchers; farmers,
horticulturists, landscapers, and architects; artists, designers, lawyers, and
programmers; officers in local government and protected area management;
hobbyists and enthusiasts – all interested in learning more about and protecting
our country’s unique flora.

OUR LOGO

The PNPCSI logo bears the image of the Rafflesia leonardii, one of the Rafflesia
species endemic to the Philippines. It was named after Leonard L. Co, the great
Filipino botanist who founded the organization. Our logo also has the silhouette
of the Tetrastigma loheri, an endemic Philippine vine, which is the host plant for
the Rafflesia leonardii.

SOURCE: (https://www.pnpcsi.org/ourhistory/)
 BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT BUREAU (BMB)

BMB is a non-profit organization under the Department of Environment and

Natural Resources.

VISION

Philippine Biodiversity that provides natural resiliency and sustained benefits for
all.

MISSION

To conserve and sustainably manage the country's biodiversity.

GOALS

● Preventing species extinction;

● Strengthening the implementation of NIPAS and fostering other
effective area-based conservation measures;
● Promoting biodiversity-friendly practices;
● Mainstreaming biodiversity across local, sectoral and national
development plans and programs

MAJOR FUNCTIONS

● Formulate and recommend policies, guidelines, rules and

regulations for the establishment and management of an
Integrated Protected Areas System such as national parks, wildlife
sanctuaries and refuge, marine parks and biospheric reserves;
● Formulate an up-to-date listing of endangered Philippine flora and
fauna and recommend a program of conservation and propagation
of the same;
 ● Formulate and recommend policies, guidelines and rules for the
conservation of the three (3) components of biological diversity:
genetic resources, ecosystems and endangered species of
Philippine flora and fauna;
● Assist the Secretary in the monitoring and assessment of the
management of the Integrated Protected Areas System and
provide technical assistance to the Regional offices in the
implementation of programs for these areas.
​ PROJECTS
​ 1. PROTECTED AND DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT
2. MANAGEMENT OF COASTAL AND MARINE RESOURCES/AREAS
3. PROTECTION AND CONSERVATION OF WILDLIFE

2nd subtopic: ex situ conservation and in-situ conservation

A. What is ex situ and in situ?
B. What are their differences?
Ex situ conservation - conservation of components of biological
diversity outside their natural habits. It involves the sampling, transfer,
and storage of target taxa from the target area.
In situ conservation - conservation of ecosystems and natural habitats
and the maintenance and the recovery of viable populations of species in
their natural surroundings and, in the case of domesticated or cultivated
species, in the surroundings where they have developed their distinctive
properties.
3rd topic: Law for Plant Conservation

1st law: Republic Act No. 9168 (EIRAH)

- SEC. 1 This Act shall be known and cited as the “Philippine Plant
Variety Protection Act of 2002”
- An act to provide protection to new plant varieties, establishing a national
plant variety protection board and for other purposes.
- It shall protect and secure the exclusive rights of breeders (person who
discovered a new plant, the person who is the employer of the
aforementioned person, the successor-in-interest of the foregoing
persons as the case maybe, and/or the holder of the Certificate of
Plant Variety Protection) with respect to their new plant variety
particularly when beneficial to the people for such periods as provided for
in this Act.
- The state also recognizes that science and technology are essential for
national development and promotes the adaptation of technology and
knowledge from all sources for the national benefit.
(PPT SLIDE)
Republic Act No. 9168 “Philippine Plant Variety Protection Act of 2002”
What is PVP?
Goal of RA No. 9168

2nd law: Republic Act No. 3571 (ALLAYN)

- Also known as “An Act to Prohibit the Cutting, Destroying or Injuring
of Planted or Growing Trees, Flowering Plants and Shrubs or Plants
of Scenic Value Along Public Roads, in Plazas, Parks, School
Premises or Any Other Public Ground”
- The Act provides for the protection of flowers, plants and trees from
felling and destruction in order to ensure climate preservation.
- SEC 1. In order to promote and conserve the beauty of objects of scenic
and ornamental value along public places and help preserve a healthy/
healthful climate.

(PPT SLIDE)
Republic Act No. 3571
Goal of RA No.3571
3rd law: Republic Act 7586
National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS)​
​
● established in the year 1992.​
​
● Classification and administration of all designated protected areas to maintain essential ecological
processes and life​
support systems, to preserve genetic diversity, to ensure sustainable use of resources found therein, ​
and to maintain their natural conditions to the greatest​
extent possible.​
​
● Protects areas such as; Strict nature reserve; Natural park; Natural monument; Wildlife sanctuary
;Protected landscapes and seascapes; Resource reserve; Natural biotic areas; and​
Other categories established by law, conventions or international agreements which the Philippine Government
is a signatory.​

4th subtopic: Organic Agriculture Program

- Brief Introduction: The program aims to promote and even more

propagate the use of organic planting methods stating that to avoid
dangerous toxic pollution such as greenhouse gas emissions and
environmental pollution. Other materials such as pesticides and chemical
fertilizers are prohibited thus by the said program rest assured that the
crops and other plants from the farm are fresh and safe to consume
without harmful effects to the consumers furthermore supported by
enacted laws to strengthen it.

Main points

1. What they are promoting?

● Better incomes and sustainable livelihood
● Improved health
● Environmental protection
● Disaster risk reduction and resilience to Climate Change
● Social Justice

2. Supporting law for the program

A. Administrative Order series of 2003
● Administrative Order No. 07 Series of 2011
B. Administrative Order No. 14 Series of 2011
C. Administrative Order No. 02 Series of 2012
 D. Administrative Order No. 04 Series of 2012
E. Administrative Order No. 10. Series of 2012
F. Administrative Order No. 11 Series of 2012
G. Memorandum Circular No. 02 Series of 2012

5th subtopic: our own insights about plant conservation

Kyrene -
Marc - As someone who is fascinated with plants and wildlife, I can say that it is
crucial to preserve our natural trees and plants. They serve as the ecological
foundation for wildlife. Compared to non-native species, native plants
substantially more readily support wildlife. Without them, local fauna could not
survive since they are tailored to the temperature, soil, and wildlife of the area.
Allayn -
Eirah: I describe my insight about Plant Conservation in one word. IMPORTANT.
Plant Conservation is essential in providing minerals, foods, habitat, medicine,
etc. for humans, animals and even with their co-species around the world.
Additionally, plants are essential for preserving the stability of the Earth’s
ecology and environmental balance.
Pierre - as an endeavorist expertising the study of environment we promote the
best sustenance that best suits to our environment since as your first line of
defense, we promulgate and shall improve our worsening ecosystem that might
destroy the society by choosing the convenient yet every effective method that
we can apply to our basic resources to ease the experiences of humanity
because scientifically speaking as an expert we must select the best action to
apply and put those impracticality aside.
Aud - As for me, plant conservation is a vital issue. For one thing, plants provide
us with food and fuel and with the increase of population and urbanization of
forests, it is possible that plants may one day become extinct. Furthermore,
many plant conservation initiatives have a positive impact on the environment by
reducing the pollution caused by deforestation and burning of fossil fuels.
Finally, it is important to preserve plants that possess medicinal properties for
the reason that they could be used to develop new medicines for our world that
develop new diseases as well.

SUMMARY OF INSIGHTS: EIRAH

Plant conservation is a vital issue. For one thing, plants provide us with food and
fuel and with the increase of population and urbanization of forests, it is possible
that plants may one day become extinct. They serve as the ecological
foundation for wildlife. Compared to non-native species, native plants
substantially more readily support wildlife. Plant Conservation is essential in
providing minerals, foods, habitat, medicine, etc. for humans, animals and even
with their co-species around the world. Additionally, plants are essential for
preserving the stability of the Earth’s ecology and environmental balance.
Furthermore, many plant conservation initiatives have a positive impact on the
environment by reducing the pollution caused by deforestation and burning of
fossil fuels. Lastly, as an endeavorist expertising the study of environment we
promote the best sustenance that best suits to our environment since as your
first line of defense. To conclude this study, Plant Conservation it is important to
preserve plants that possess medicinal properties for the reason that they could
be used to develop new medicines for our world that develop new diseases as
well.

6th subtopic or additional only (trivia) :

- The term "succulent" is awarded to a plant based on what it does, not

who its relatives are. Unlike plant groups named for their common
evolution (such as grasses, roses, palms, orchids, or ferns), a succulent
can be any plant—from any scientific family—that stores water in thick,
fleshy tissues. In fact, the word "succulent" comes from the Latin word
succulentus, which means "juicy."

- The fleshy leaf or stem of a succulent does more than just store water. Its
rounded shape also reduces the surface area of the structure in
comparison to its volume. A low surface-to-volume ratio minimizes water
loss and helps a plant keep cool.

- Many succulents thrive in desert habitats that are far too hot and dry for
other plants. In some places, rain may fall just once or twice a year, and
during drought, a plant may go two years or more without a shower—and
survive! Many succulents have shallow roots that spread like a wide net
around the plant, to make the most of even small amounts of rain.
 - Other adaptations help a succulent conserve water, too. A thick, waxy
layer called the cuticle provides a barrier that protects the soft,
water-storage tissue inside. And for some, hairs or spines help shade
leaves or stems from the sun and insulate the plant from some of the
effects of drying winds.

- To photosynthesize, plants need sunshine—and carbon dioxide (CO2),

which they take from the air through tiny pores—called stomata—in their
leaves. But while open stomata bring carbon dioxide in, they also let
water vapor out. So, when they sun's not shining, stomata close to
conserve water.

- Many succulents protect themselves further from water loss by working in

the relative coolness of night; stomata open at night to take in CO2, and
close during the hot, dry daytime, to conserve water loss. This requires a
special adaption, though, because photosynthesis requires sunshine.
These succulents have a way to rearrange CO2 molecules and store
them overnight. When the sun comes up, the stomata snap shut, and the
photosynthesis-engine starts, powered by the stored CO2.

- Succulents can take many forms. Some are compact, low-growing

ground covers (think of stonecrops); others are giant and tree-like (think
of saguaros or cardón cactus); and others look like vines (think of the
string of pearls Senecio rowleyanus). Still others, known as mistletoe
cactus, grow as epiphytes.

- Cactuses may be the best-known succulents, but you can probably think
of others. Popular ornamental plants like jade plants, hen-and-chicks,
aloes, and agaves are all succulents.

ppt

REFERENCES
PNPCSI Org (2021). PNPCSI History
OUR HISTORY – PNPCSI.ORG

BMB Projects
https://bmb.gov.ph/
BMB Purpose

https://bmb.gov.ph/index.php/about-us/mission-and-vision#:~:text=To%20mobiliz
e%20our%20citizenry%20in,the%20present%20and%20future%20generations.
&text=%22A%20nation%20enjoying%20and%20sustaining,and%20clean%20a
nd%20healthy%20environment.%22

Official Gazette (2002). Republic Act No. 9168

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2002/06/07/republic-act-no-9168/#:~:text=Sho
rt%20Title.,Variety%20Protection%20Act%20of%202002.%E2%80%9D&text=a)

Republic Act No. 3571

https://bmb.gov.ph/index.php/resources/downloadables/laws-and-policies/republ
ic-acts/ra-1997-2006?download=33:republic-act-3571

Science Direct from Phytomedicine (2021). In Situ Conservation

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/in-situ-
conservation#:~:text=The%20process%20of%20protecting%20an,for%20their%
20protection%20and%20preservation.

Republic Act 7586 (NIPAS)

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1992/06/01/republic-act-no-7586/

Organic Agriculture Program. (2022). BANGSAMORO.

https://mafar.bangsamoro.gov.ph/organic-agriculture-program/
Cactuses and Succulents
https://animals.sandiegozoo.org/plants/cactuses-succulents

(PPT Presentation)

1st slide: TITLE, GROUP NO., LEADER AND MEMBERS

2nd slide: introduction

3rd slide and so forth:

body of reportings
Insights
Conclusion
Reference