Cement Sheath Evaluation 1 Introduction 1A. The pat of imary emenaon of easing sng in ciland pe elisha been paced for yar. The diem 2 Squez® ont 1 squeeze has invariably Been based on n= terreno the cement shesth quay, o te bok erect, ‘tng son logon device commonly refered ya “bond Topi” These oo are commonly ine 0 deine “geod” ‘cement rom “bad” eemem aa “bong inde” oF "bon np pereniage” thus implying a sgucezble solion. The ‘aor ple with ts inmation coment Gul there cuss no aprcable definition of what constittes goad” o "ba cement, No mtr the implications, cement Stl cemen. wheter goad ota. Squeeze decisions ae ommny based 0 the eomanon misconception Pat “bal” een or“at” bonding, can be fepstes by placing he “ied” crtet with “god” cement This ot he ese TF ‘tees ay paricolte manera te ancl "bd cent formation particles, ee), they canto bee soted foresyrepacemeet by "ood ceent Os figs to ges canbe removed fro the an so ha “gon ce tren cn be nected nt the anus. Accepting his fet tainly simplifies the squeeze decision. Conversely it ‘evenly complies te iterretaton of the "boed og or Senent tex geal, because now becomes cesar 10 ident iid ance gas flied amma econ intend of "ood" cement vers baa” cement or good versus bad oasine 412 Misia cements ben placed in th anal be- nce sing ardupen ole 0 ppt the cing el he tnulas. The ean comets sed ich ts the lowest oe ‘muri sane Ths tee onl as log as one does nt Sona the lang ten fects of producing (exes te prstie changes, excesive presse change ine the eae fg. nureoesstinultion eaters ang the amber semen sheath fepats that have bees (ad cues af) Shep There rary srber of seri hat ae aa he for odin theese prope, bat they ae peer lly comlered “io expensive" up fon. In th. any puticolte terial hat dors at exhib permeaiiy wi) fri cain upton wher packed ino {he anna Previous sts hae usaed te ees of tcessiv nem casing persue at wel a excessive t= feature changes onthe social senso exmet. Bee ‘terials suchas “god” cement hgh compressive eng nenes generally emo be aes craked by Changes ‘sing dametccircamferene, Ductile materials sch a soncystlin paticlae lee (alartomern, “poor” 10 ‘ea cement) donot exhib hese racking lene cles as ead. Cracked cement looks bad om «Bono, Fomaton paises collapsed ound the casing lok baton ‘toed log. Gas-cut ofoumed cement can tok Ba os ond og. Baie Sled (ro od me looks ba on bond logs. Weak filer cement look 938 os bond Tog. Any of ‘hese materi in the ames pcladessqueedag the una lus with "god" cement Mote recent developmen i= tment eralustion os and teciques ae abet delinete Ts rom cement paces nh smu, th ne ing te wget squeeae the aul when in fac, dest ed be repied. A cen concept of cement song ‘elopment (aes of sength developmen! and he pel onions which conse, or Saat fr, he sength evelopment) coupled with acer understanding fhe base Drincples of cement evasion devices i reuied or Fee lent cement sheath uly and quai. As pres sy seus al hat required for imelligentsaecze eins is habit dierent between sei ad ide or ges inthe annals and aceytng the fc that he Solis cannot be replaced But the Iu ean be replace. 2 Cement Bond Logging Principles 2.1. The cement bond logging tol emits anomie tional cust nergy pulse at ves hough te borele ‘aid ae an expanding spercal wave of sound When the Sound ple strikes the casing ID, tiered scoring © Seal law whee zt) the ge of incidence an eaction and V Toth veloc of sound in respective media Caetations show that te wave font striking the xing at an angle fap proximately 17” wil refrac dietly doweward (and up- ‘se, parle othe casing wall Pastage ofthe wave pulse inte caing wal ate aan tere pres pulse, ca nthe sel ofthe essing wala eee rogh empresion tnd ension. Cying the el hough compression ad te Sion causes the ening ting” creating soni waves ha travel ough be cing Mid tobe picket up by he ogi tool resver The presse pole lowes energy ast ave ‘ide the casing wal, Ths foe of strengths commany re ered to anus (era) ofthe Sound. The couse ‘nergy pls als travels down the cating Msi, dowa the ‘ool and theogh tbe casing and cement in the formation ‘evel tack the tol ceiver Figure 1). The sengh (Gmplitade), othe atenatn rate of the received signals ‘Froprtonal tobe percentage of be casing ceunferece2 ole th reese he wal: Bihoes ofthe enn. 2 the des, hilar, and her exh fie eae The etn ea te signe wl a he Ua Faria rete, depend on the july of Be acousc upg eno the seg tre a 1 Soe te eating nave Gener Hy ive atthe eee fe eum evel Campo wis) a he eel Unie nicer of go em he eo er ie fr outer ihe ite) canbe mse. The gral ike peel trad an ilocope ta resosehe gre Ut the asta Rohe St ceter Me compas se Fash ENE Fur 2s combination oe ase ‘neem th eran sheath nef ane fxm Devt, The waeefrm, reflec fon he cote ae Sornton vindicate Sania aft no nos he i pose pe the pea, vhs Teun pte pk Stated 2 TD. BS. RE the Est Sepave pea 2 eG at Ft barca Sep the denied BLES. oe pure? dinates aye Sor conie ancl withypiee anal Gines Tor os, Fornsson, wulexag Dil ee Te epic waves iv affect Ua gai of he cement eenestic eoplig fot lo cndceing, Petar he ec, tne homeo hese enh ae te ick 2.2 Ppwe Slane ppl auton fruroomenint (ing he Figue 2 Fee Catngvagitaleof Be wnt ae RIES LIID Figute Tees Conl quaton Figura Free 20803Is gromey In Sms sing Se We sige! eae ‘Mtcro reside ted he cea rt ae Pie erupve we ak ste su2egh ri a ies theo yin the eee eb hearse ‘Tht oes can be 938% oa hued lg thar oe (a5 picemshs seein Bick sat crams re (ama vena! wah ich wel tring et Soe ad tc oo Joeata rmaon pansy 2096 ens (htpling of tbe cereri oF ccng and the Raton 6 (ims Grinning cough a ef coe Aas The BI cur of these cai etch ake) abe oe he micosiamcgrrw VIAL diag balan CH AMOmicosetonie as; wkstts sige aecenel he Sareedue, 23. Hiyuestshwwaesa gical wave sien bight Asengh comers enol err es the aed ps ad A rcseatialy coupling The nels scons Cinporre daced i te featgn pal The cate ‘npr staul be aver fom he wvelor, exey he Shed very ak coment wi hear wilemiep a tebe {Wi goutea.ng sl Tarmton cpt pete ah ‘rewadrqoere fer yeas psn oseage Inika sgpal sey aie can wa nskase Te ‘epering eee Tea ga othe eng, andi sreclcan ste genie cden ged Bow ua fe divas Reet Tile | ryt pies Seve ann sak Hoan na ‘able +—Seneveleeny (Necetnc in cera marsala be sity oes on aha Fea. These pe aera oa So ermshon eto 000 ute ‘eon eine ‘This eamsanc aa re cobon ise keon haunts ane Danian ep ally le 1 "Pant Feanasous", aie ce ualy Kents tat tea tes Elect Ae etd quae we gorsaly al ate pc 2.4 Figur 5 taaaen aac sro cent Fry tds wth ce vay wexe fmm “spon Fe dese onchlog. The semen: rein the ng ree ee tg ere re nly ma lg 0" sO Ie PT stsmsgram. This my ot repesrto erin: 3-99 ek ‘Thera srr rahe sraritnn ar alenc erred (So ae! Zo rae tre eng orate IE Yorn cant be esi Fem phe st Freee of seen eileen Sesives, However aie Sane Alb of got or gale ozeuring Aroagh hi oer Sfesadl se cp and oanpereacese Sn pesca wentFigo S—Typica! waver pay 28. Sgt ¢enents voxel woven uipay when the sonar a ohne in the aril ee hen acm las ut ar cauing-cereeimere he cg Sem Tveateal Irom peuon of acemented esing while Sw Yormatonzflcion 6 e809 OEDIgh # semen Boece fie cai, Charing emery see ty pe em Fake! sang sadeqr rowel of forme cings aad ‘Sled hr hom the ow ae aft le rng prego i fd Gee pie cena ator men Hib eaescne ee wate separation eer pl ‘Mics ae geoeally ees by peer changes her semen hare Po evap sph ie ioe Dig oh rt hs ogra t= XCL vate, peste esa ain after th comet sti ef soba 0 S6- ‘ol seen! arene seth a esiog expansion aio bert has peers dang iar Ce wast sf metho tering th erence Uetween 3 {htaeel ad cro nal br reac pa et {imple pace Ty reanended arcs pe inating itlanananeveqie ncorgenat rf Suc posure savers. pts Sp for eaingeepumann iescdlr de cen ¢banee# Rydon 2 com teas on this oto press pid tthe ng ehereat Is chanel pout ting gna Wm et > Youre: Mn in of las Co Can wale ihn, Sie 3080) 2 The peasant copie wate on og Theor of -oaleneey nave” emir plot. XY owe) ora hrew form sono feed 358 SCL eecrvcamopc. The sale oF te presenta It 20 1260 mictnctoms. The method rsa ‘pecan om he events wef Dud in ‘Fmt 1 the lanes poteatason pre the eo ut substan 2 dala one Tog Tan Be efor pre Sean sce te Yaskacs ofthe wer ack om eg fhe peaks Te wave of He El peak teat omy. decoding onthe sro fie deter sg (Cadee dara ander isc formation” sina sera es: Figuie Crayon or era frotty Snag so9 peor ena ggy ete na Fao “Pe rl ina may Tonge Roan 3 Fetter don je pending enlnt eeu Fd pe ly The Hea peesealoe en wakes rach ae pe ts iepoacesing inshore orion tess Whence, ign se pee heg wi erp vera enna eee Rignalinecserel mate carat be ect Foe Frat signals all esr be a, Sih ons Tinea ek ite seni sone fle cans et edd deeiniaug he vaek sub saat 2.7 Thes yu vel ine, ly sow in Tae thalog nay he wad ws re tata ls cet leg hen he nl estar in he cde. be qk bigs qoeainab e Cerca Tel Tine Se Fin on the loge tre (mizrmengnde or he sige! 1 re! from he ia pe 300 cst va he es Ingeban fe iol anieead neni Then ‘gased nor cranes in velime (ing oe 2x Se wgrat raves eating clas, ese Pol Ua occaure wil remit decease en go therghd lecenterng ot ner ets to ether "he coaenton 305 micrarenecy, ee ecormere #3 Intensity Modulated Recording, Intensity Meduiated Signal Proparaten of the Acoustic Signa Acoustic Signal [i Zerg igecented 4 eons deat a ‘ales for tbo ead asktonal eentcas Ske cee Saovraers bs replaces Tasl osha ia enh frum te Ai ato Neu by wy sgl “ha roe eon” ts aaeay Wo reeate Vesogy eft. evel ns shite uf Ie Simeon Far co au poser aida ae ES ng soll 9 wf toad xz y igh eng "ae ia ect wad hn ld ake 28. Tigers ogra be eats of evel ets 8nd syle ship. Case sigh ction he ees re certs fess 9 ue" Some tele a 30% of fn free aria nde dug ieee Here Pali. AS-he EL ample bests lower doc “iotineemn tr eesan ede in ee age cf acres, wich meres} he wel ne. is alec When De BU amg. eames os tan ‘tthe ES ce, ‘Th sues he trl rime gave ne spine, Cycle seech ant sete skip ine sry hi she seesighcerem's onnar wih meio Bit Wal ey, Figwes Vand [2 Iaabat pcs Shon casein shigom ss 1200 igure 7—Linea Truck Racowsng TelniaveFaqus8 Tire sreren 29. The anplevse ofthe recone cgi verdes Tack 2oftie og seal ons eal of Fee 100 ina heh Asecond eeavrtmene che a mpi i io placed Tied to cle ef O10 Thee ilies analnvtecarse 3S ier moxe emai pid cue and pie mee cern vos of aplcade The sop.isdb sue ic alwys enaiche Fee pipe (eu dling red, wero 28 fe arnuloseneep for 3s ‘eae: i ampli obec calle: Deer nh glade curve ener br tool ecceeeing orseme 7 ‘alse matealorsemet ne exits neces tee sag. The angle i offen ied a 2 boda indice Soret tat ‘he semen pony bonded or wel Mas Tothe case Thea "Boudec oc“towsag spss a be otal lea hee ssp ite ace Incw at adc 1579 Le defini of good Road ‘evan pos Borda The Yond. g aden coma in oo yet of ie bu A = Alarvanion in amy egg vati0 hg eran OE emg signee rraing edad ona Ur geek “Whoo chimes or churyes' org oa he ry he Gl ln. carvan of carpvesane Hens 1vegoen ew eceang femme mMe pth dol. ccstunatow fhe tres pvems oy mide ‘us ut pace water inthe cement entra he e8 Tike th gol amplinse rib songs in kas, ‘the Smee heat, bong GS Be mtlog To. OL nistaneenepamis sx ingens striae ae fr enayseyaeonent tem Hew eh, att wha the zion ce VO (Er 5 0f helo hws eoce slewing farming rhe ony os mag ate oy fore may ee ale eeom ‘ese costa fa nr febers ihe cme alco seutrur ip “pond enrers ind Libera. te he xed carve ay wr Sinabroot es ie cs ee [Stag hnctoden a nenkaai ee piss seals ine he ec Top sd 3D" or bercarelaigel, © mor goeele fw) What ‘eect, a nicaneale a c7vaminati ele eee ‘eresale ore cheng? amp 2.50 Pau is Selanesetneretton shan at ‘tay bens w saint expesed angie to hu ‘foyer ong hab stig sia wal craic. eb cpt see Senne sinh Fach ere Con ¢ Figue 0-Cyce Sitch ans Cy ShapcenreneaTeoL omy. se7se4eni0 chen F pate 10 —rsameation° serve swone 10 sory plo wn acpi cin I gt ana we wy pee Te ge Rake okecliu sete snip St Acemany tenn hipactay hao waral sty Ro Reotaacaneataveniaant snus cesof uy ty 4% wn ote bd Ge gree pes =e SnGroun mice! tkicacocsoplid sn atnet Week eve meta ue ea sen hierar nabs name LATA AREASIY 3.51 ye hen 9 ofa ham nr Siunicogjeare ogee opis ea tan "OMA ay eenon ple eat Troica Signatures 3 2 Siigxanplins re tet rc ate 5, gc cg ial Se mnearamas Rao Tks 2 Giatcsc a age a tow er Frawo "1 Free Ppe Typical Signatures a. Sean iD ets sh sngens aot er aman & Wile wale ne wettest € Coae echanton antes Wa Tom moe ‘ssl el une - Figs 12 Ther Wins Coe od mth i Soh Ura aid SernExar tora boners a“ ‘Tyee sigmaces, 3. Coy cll sigual pour Bt ci chases, 3, Reanuion sw scve opperem, Compression saver ot five, ©, Madera ales of pie (le ad werwaion re Ch}, Track 2 ‘Caregen nts ine es, mer ena ag Figure 13—Thick Wal Cacng Fully Caeniod wit Low Strength Ucoedsingted Cement (th ‘Typleal Signatires Se cab sil nics igh ate oe met momar wh zsh OP. oe anon espana fe sein + lg ot oases Figc's 44—Fe y Remerted Casing a No Formation Reapers iserra Rae 1 Typlce signatures al lars some whdvcatle. Coens Tie witag do cesing lloyd, Taher amid, thr aml ing cag aril time SS ornate ik aw spade lenge alee 4 Casing ais igri veces gal ica ol econo Figo 1% Femalon EFec.o> Bore Logs coe Typlest Signatures ined a carr coset No rve-ine sh I onethnred Son Seto 14, ih ge 16 —inverctent Formation Pascoe‘Typical Signature 4 Shong sng sgt With we wid waar chaos Seong oman sips lal congress and ther we hed Nochunge naps caves ur cning gro wt or won ert Figua 18—Chearal 3. Compensated Logging Tools 5.1 apenas ton ingot ile Tee tude ecaiganon af tell reat fig 2, Tin rina eve of to a amare inet ped ei ese ha eet Sek ed trate gece aman SF aman pola par fe nel in ere {oto tal erence eure ales cheno aera opposer ean Smal Garde compen ont Sows ranean hp mention Ses ea teSeinathen gacH) eedo mab agule ade Sites hema of ge fs son 2s cesar at ase vag be Sen ligule Terri Oe gg sa these wed ing Taemcenesmagtin ve Ls ree Srctemsie tn hoe boca tensor npesbereacocl od weve oar oP Fslog tone imier te artats re) ‘rece eden onsite yo 3 avait ape sige of Bi ye et rubs oor ggg ceary nye Ce Jacdsins een cose gestions mera at ten atari song fee Pie to F que 20—Compensaies Bors Leon Too vacances re negur The remlis of cements an ‘foe ss ch came beter he or8 32 Anuterinnovar ig sinjsomia logins sec logy isthe ST (Septet Bolg Re}. or equal Faced ese af 9 pls wll on be cad ak sor ace 0 neanuede average sg deta: eee dy enh fi Gano eine cen eran oo shen 3.2 Tue tol was high Kequoey steered tesiducess maumed ue pads Meencsd anes pmtor eps oe 2 tanariter sed wesiver epithet wl an be one in ang aes fm a ne ISH way ie or wight of ho ot wtb exng ACU ntedone Wi praduced tom 4 Sf womidireieon ann? ‘cts rl in Coduction eh ep ea A ‘charset ath Feed, ampibderiegaes are ‘nase wo corse od ace ree A amt rer on he four cepa edad whan ce he se a teers in be upped) ae a ney leet onl cera arevengd robin © Sct nesutemen of ooeseaton oer nob anc The ‘meat sfeMERs ae ompensated Fr acer vain Citations te ec eet. The SBT presenta reac ised gure 7) ncrpen i Wks at Yes te atunendor rte nearer ob ach pol coat (wieuion boning hee the hak vn aoe ‘team mao Tre! pie bo igre 23h ey fic ave Ta cathe too ine ihe in Ua one, he ash eof oe ble ‘seul reer Se rept hy Tack 8 Rasen ‘Nate aeaings he he merssemenc 9 9cibee This grief prsenaoen slice Fea ft est, sgt seiner iran aby fo de "oat ee angen salt oeige ea the anne i a Suetage aon nc ‘agree wick mean ht = ile horn eae ee 03 ach aay seme ists du et Slot aoeacn wuld spc sew eect coment ane an achat, 2A The precematon i Fak | te ep iter se (he “Varah enution Me, tsi or clon a fusing ote feu Ulustaed ast | of Rau $2 Tha etieg hb coda wih be valet esas ‘Scie fo the SBT intrprtatina chart (igure 33) and beset an eons mal Bichon nd town eae cenprenise gih Ay a guide, te sompeenive ‘math ocean cect ils shoul ce aa ‘beet the mischief e cree ‘oem decane when nace thea ch egg ‘Ss explmiic ol the warmaton provided on hc S67 login Fipre eae fl "ATCa—Sin compsnsaes mesrereman ef aneraton scaled 0-15 OL etl) tw =erpeei2¥c 0g Figure 21—Segmentac Bona Tol S87)erred wihATCy Pe a gle 1 Masher ot eine 2-4 Thesusomb tay tuned 98 cc sesh sea sume! 10 DIN DINNC ep gu and Neg om bond oe. See ar. ‘mun aes gt) pod voc ttl ar escain Rates00 0 UE iret wakes ean te SBT nie the Tae Aa ‘Sigu 2° —Seryrered Bony! Tet Log Prasentanyey uonejzeidsaquy 18s | © 2 Figura 23-SET Iter rmucion Coa” 2 ecu shoe or stration S20 eel eee pe ‘Shun clas Cael on cing Wl tele). {1 Bon tgs shout ote ug i sig gsr then ‘al SBT can beens any wight ming in (Shing sla po antindaiog 16 Shen vung bon os curpersce bend lag. the ‘SWE, ww equrler, aiaave make geesured et 9 omprsed pat These tk an ery sas we amare wa 8008 ‘Trmenal sang peste shoul egal ny sree Tanger Dat late Seowred sive ceaan reached ‘sete sale et eens ate y+ a renu ernees pls $0) pi aoo0ume Fe Sng erect fost he ea hyhaion of c= ‘Goat fara, ese wpe pig tas pened {wah 12 ipl mca the ho tad wae {des the £0 a fin cement eto pro Shen nang the posturing pws 2 he Ea son cove enc lg 46 Houmine son aps 8 ompersted bond ops 40 te ron tay shal yube rea ul te wet ceca Ihe cole tied » minimac compen saength of 29 pal tthe owes epee in cl ‘Son annoy neuen of compresie shang ‘Gon amdacid ate ea shir we at Bo erature st te op ofthe at sry, sot to le 7 Dinan rus comon bed gs serpent boed loge where gs contain ofthe cement colucnit noe or send fo vlna eumal snc ‘Tepeccnmee nda lo gptes when cementing ‘Sa gemeraeg’ nice or eiver ard or reing Yon deny sac ta alive mt any we Tore ef epee vse the SIME does especie oho denying ct inpregntedcemes! wl cpesnB Infor ihr ana 4 Ultrasonic Comant Logging Taols 4.1. For gus-ccorinmtd cement, faced ott very ‘weak coment or thee fs gid ed cbange i the (rake So and the nome evmtin of ean ole [wally rove amish more eftve ser fr coment ‘Bosh rauaoe end no ed ches! pact. Tp ‘aly convenonal BON logging devices opera at 12-25, ase the lesen essen ol oe ei he sang el 190 12 550 eM. The igh Seaeensy Dike miner sting Of tte wave we Bot Fo td andes poner Sri marmance, Exumpts of irr ong ald incl he C7, Camen Ea {oe Tvl an he PTD, Plo Bebo Toko eure. 4.2 ob of ho subject cots we coapovel of cigh (8) trond gare 2) fied So eter 3 baal paceen wo te ool (CET) ca doable hs (PET; prs ene ‘Figue 25) es eager e namberc 2- cquoce ute raeteert Somes eth eee “Toe raranene e approniitely |i in Wamete. The sche oun aces eee ame oreo ‘he rumor: The peti of csi sceefsence nes [tt are depending on decay ne. ex eagle A Stet cinunlsers of Seat covey the ocer a oppced i aposimay 268 of 9h a sg ‘Tretrmaiaer stot ee eng D vst be oe Ica ae athe sit, ea th sundown he reste ath change aeting ng ‘Bellare ePpure 26 el so ave aie tuandice” re merino loc the casing Sd ‘Gere i har een recomeoded at Ora tos bot bt fan in yo hse dog rad ce waker ase dling mas eave tn 5 iat However erence wth elt i455 tal nerve moc nate Sateen ee 43 The bas pipe oft te eh matuneren of ‘be wrargy level the tgtalfefeced om the ner ah ‘oe sly sulae, Te eee tection (C7) the rolntuf contol the deren tthe na fe sus {heuer of mae coups ane wren wat ‘ 24 = Aco impedance he casing Oy? ae 2. = Nowe Inpeanee of he ate in wae wh ThetD or 0 ne cae 4A Acontic mpedace (8 define a: Baki _Acouteimpotance ie amenable nal popeny of ash ennui Compecsne ret smo sn cy ot "acest of he sreneh af x teal since especie Ie ‘iano prondesquck mati comparng eee [Rocnth dvciopmen of tborlory samples anf Ceneequenty. sous inpedae icasx nore denne mes feels gialiy ef Seat system Ligecl crane Inposanee edits uo bc ott singe Sutvecs UL Cleon arent Asuy20 ya iuealcl, under promare and terpariore fo digas Ubwabole cnbiors Aznutic impedance value oc ‘etre Enno za ee eae Tbe 2 Je 2-Comman Aewslec hcedance Vales soi eer ii alan Sedat ‘ister ua recogneg ha low st own een nd evry yc co sm a en ex seo mpadune ales ei ai anes se be seeming aa ta nyo iin yy els pata’ reeageve ay _amphaies rt eb iil oy olan ord peter Ion fo aes tr alco rns oo he signal ph then at apse Yliwing he pth, seach the Do: Ge casing (A). orice signal lee Taseunt 3 pein of he al fied gh cong a) the rd eee suctaelltecnine OD; eee trace. De The sets Keel oases of reowtions a sua fe vf ns acm ha preven been atid Bean mat) & Re vate te sg cai os cing. Tre eee Tevek The remain energy oe Intel hough eon wal fe fee oe ug OD theme) eyelet eed nero i func of the otic nolan the 2 ‘anal ine aomten Ul hese Mas a te 93 fe essed sory sould be refed bth sh th aig wll while 630 he oie every woul he tarerd itough Oe anlar ean the senusion rte (Geeas sch te ann ene es con ote Ing OD. Accra cee of tse cory level is (ation ofthe asa inpedane Of eset oon (act wnbtbe cte csing sree pl de acre Stren of esng ID osc an al octane tw ra feed, Figure 25—Signa ain "hisnese Foue 7-08 7, Wefan 52 The sofeese pages tbe ue ewan a evi tol ay Considerably Uo Migrate Be CRE he PET wil cach be dscuted separately. is, Sch um we urna ihe ilescope ave frm mpl peste a ios a on Pgue "desist mB ain Eg ee at endear ced let apie PON fuk aveleme waralae sal ines. (bdo 1 ‘prmens enreent fil reddy lve {a one rom hiner eng uae, WS repeat ‘econo ey expel Seay fc fen song erences and V2 epee ats rea woe ‘Eom thecemsac seth ih oreaton ase aa ter ng cag The rsonstipa thong eve oF W2 and ‘Wea foction of de acou inpelaneco he rte ‘ncmslot ie azecwrziy cue) mew) CTH, 8 Neenelizn vot tom the eaputve wie fan ergs ee essen sued 3 1 is WHS Cur Freviusly coed m4 1 Retaive eating Caree—Basoaly ase frien ig be igh sie “ow sen ie. a Jerson (Oe No earns he cee 994 ag So es When unainat IE he Re watts outer feces ‘ent mop it Be gh so ok Tes belpe nent ementng pment cot be sore 1 bg ng bales2 wos tig dogg. cera eae eg lene Hole evi et Deemer than 2“ ne Relive Bese, Cone mek 1 Mauna Comprosive Sueag 4b Miaiou Gunpresive Sucagt, 1, Cement ap A cules resin se aed (rk Fertioning oe ronseces nthe map iar SnTiza M1 Figo 30 Corson eh ark fonts yoo sop poten BAAL an DAL Oye Ne Sven fr Ue and Lower Bis of sebutsc inp Pogue 85C.E.T Log image TensucerPeitning Asus ip haa) org ngs ee et hes 8 A etek “hese valine oe ageoalieety equine 6 1000 98 at 250 puiseipecicl. These aucibrs ee congue obra tak Ulu (ek bec on he pescatony hat veaeduct det an atv kaplan ua er eat Uke apper tng (IARI esatace ocd 3 ‘ots inpeace sc kos nan he lower ating SAG, ‘hrstnaen put ihe ace in Betoae hee vines ‘psa euresing shakes yu insert ed ese acai inpsnce ecient Te sey as Fe suhlnng far inrpreinparpats, Nenenra Farkas repatenstons nb cmon recom feb ‘reo nei hy ln kay reser le ‘hae SOD pay na sci andor armatna pile. At ate snnet he remaved sna veplase by 2 "emoaget ‘meet, When ti tt ase Bor Igy CAE. 8h ‘rele mn per he pane boa 9 eae ine a Spotter mater In ep lve ie renin pation ‘he (MAL sed [MAD parameters 04 Beem gat neh aroun ingen of fe lng mas Pl ‘ne 31 vkh ee inion fot ary mage wih a eat Shc pence an the rad beeline one br eng ta ey md gw 31M Aucuse Impecancearog inepetsion tn arc desi eps funy salt nbc ean Rel as pCO fee caps SOND pH eopecan tye Neto Jeter ion Ue ifr cinq ems trl he acts wae eS wd Goth wi ge Inia Whos escent otc wo ee lela ato pede of 5 Sen TaN {eg ml ac wl ute ea a le When ti ico coe ses anne Cle cae morse te eae eet They willbe hie Tc ke "pecat Noi” eke ihe le ior gre fn hewn race beedeoued in chow ‘he pe sae leo te le Th ater thot cones hs posoning scaled ce TAK ‘nage Rocsial.Inwge Rotate Sou alesse bees Uinyue"ALLD") when posible oso snp oe ati Uy Fa Detail sen.n oF MAR is "DASA" low ‘Pg Tinck—The vn of Karat Mage td ast ‘hs bon sacs a sslon ane ete on nec ‘347 lin Fgyee 25. The appearance othe Mags ‘he fing ence cori bys pramater ell DOS. A att ening of! 3 ets the eapete fo nse a eas ae for ert vaneecrr when norcaled Wwe eal Sygreacr han 2 The come: lve shovidbe chosen fem she gph in Figure 32 (sng ee oer esing wal sk esta 9 etc enpetance vee oO! Fe). ‘entenetnee Ne Fogo 5? “ex of Casing Wa Thiowess on Nowa rag 2 43 Teuomicinpeee ct vccutcenen deo serat Sunpraue wegen he mesiree Tighe 32} ‘hing an Sewn UCA name Come nit rp seani tte epacine stcs uoper. 12 Tbe cone st heim of loggng 5 Borehole Fluid Compensated Logging Teale BA The MEW (tebe Eels Jot) compos of eight issues ph lene eae Th mangement oF ‘gare ig gure 25, The presentation af the PET. hig 9 inLates un esemeriny eure ‘gead 0 05:0. prom ey eae aig later ale Seg sabre baled 36) ees compere Broth jae imac ad ater) at RoeOng IME PE Shaaeelercatn purpose. the NO- 1 HANGGESS igo tg ie th ole st nd 3A 0" N03 wade a the high df tee The Boeing lege smuy he onted a chow he "Hake oe tcp an neu ina the ome "eu eo” pce for "Ue ler aneremad pening oe Boh r= geal" alsin a ee pion nope aes, ahs De etme pen feu te i ie em pron nth cartercf the nding Free robo "cure iden Fa” paraatr fsigTaesCat sehck const vein ofthe Bering Lay he vl te or arate ay be eat the marae compe ve ‘ene fe cement [hie oe he Bondi ge) rhe ‘ecuerom carpe arenas of he ere flat ening sae Tbe thse eng oe! sree Ing San oH cate fens in beara sree. TRe ia ben szete Cie te stent the reent seats imenat is mecy wets mitra tereen nid ond cule snle, Toss) Mice fer oslorionprposy i smwstoed tate ceo leeches soe le andl he cena capcet naps sewoa of fee cee en sre he fenpermute ne of dhe er sian calm. Ne svch be CET, de cohuatun oft "Boag nage” bee foes fic othe caf cleat et feten (er cris ths Sealed seeesators he Boeing Ice a be ve oaleaion hen tage Ingo mike itligent ure ei, 5.2. The cuncrmaive mers resem ons on fe OE lege ale Encore ected suai mips ‘lace. Thee ene sre esd on shiney fh aia DR Tae fe a at arao Sore a waco wai hs ee pe peak ane he pray mien Ge wKsureaoM wince THe 3) ecu ie cnt maka $e 360 Prarie emg is vik i yo are roe pl Jor saber sali fr log pat fon Te aah sl bate Ker wach asi ae 20d sor slain cas sn & Trapani tt 1 Catng ti devs ome 82 AN bat requis of some seb idutificnoe og eae alo deny th prose of gud ae ‘Seis aemuh, ean be cpa tat ese deta {Cyr te oval ml a ecu et ea nd. hen in clot uv cient et become (pach waver A stevnd log “na Tor peste the I i i Spedince son magne by cash me wiht owe For intepea'om pnp. remember thn ta seca Inperace van ea Yaad never ehsages. Terre. he ‘Seetetee of cents pednce shld nt reer ai ihe sonal rer are Te hol cb Tin one Esmee ee iid ae ye, Thi is oe ey aad ‘ee urea The quay he "stash ne willbe de> eden he cul of the Canduces ane sgn dea ‘povsug be indie sere oman. Page 36 ad Sralustrs we "wigs Une” preset oh ek copy at aeons impedance og fom “be CET ead che HET spect the pmb nel wi eng ect parame fo (CPT amt de intro wane allt af RT. frelon nf he comnt map o toning re, ‘Tone rahi copied wath the wpreicahecegec tha {efor the cement funaeond a placemat rae [peti of be "rom prevanttin of eta og (Comet ‘Map, Bonding image Corapesive Senet.) eebelact shen, Gu seneminaon of be eect canoe by gn (Gossed cera) oY nanraly during washer he coment exsreripascn tga et Figure Cement Acoustic mpecances)“gue ¢—Kce ul Siena For he aE z.. Puce SP ner Liquid Gigrawe Pete RET,= Aer ecto OTR placement. Approsistey 30 aves are avaiable from the einem sevie companies to peven emigration o 238 Sltercementing. AS good as mast of hese materials se at preventing gar migration they ll not reer ae inlox fot the meet column Some ofthe aves crete gin ‘hecement columnar its placed i the anal, When gas info occors fom 3 formation int the cemeat sheath te ‘ant is unknown: therefore the density and scoustie impedance (emp ofthe cement sheath ate so eno, In adsion to these problems, we seldom consider he setting limes or tength development times ofthe cement a any: "hung bt the Bouom hoe temperature cantons. Also, the cement service companies use several ype of liphweight dctves (extender) tomer the density of common ce- Imemtingslaries. Some ofthese materials work by caring ‘meray vaped a(t the cement 9st ts ome rig the density. Ceram spheres a olow plas speres [timo ti category of extenders. When they ae preset it the cement sytem, expect the cemeat sheath appear to be zaseut ‘Gaul cement has an death character sgntare on the scoutc impedance fog presentations, Since the ans (Gas Cut Cement Signatur ducer face (proximately | inc in diameter) rometines “ses” a much pa cement within the confines fate of measurement. the computer ines he esene of Bh materials (gas and cement The log presentation tates this miature ae a very erratic signature. the acustic impedance vale bouncing from low of apposite 0.1 toa high value equal to the scout impeance of he un contaminated cement. (30 7) Figues 38 and 39 liste the "pas cut coment signature” on a CET. anda PET re spective 5.5. Cement iss crystaline material in which acoustic Impetatce increases with time eventhough the density does notehane with ime (as longa itis ot contaminated) This Increases aes itmal rysaline sete growth cating increasing structural strength hear strengin) The Increase i ance of composion, sabe reacion na ter and temperature. Consequently, within the stem com: rising th cement sheath. cement strength sear stengh) Sl seldom if eet) be Seta! vereally o horizontally from a given pot of ference Acai impedance the prot of density and compost velo. Since he density OF the cement does not change, the increae in acoustic Figue 38 €7. Acoustic impedance yy{Gas Cut Cement Signature Figure 99-PE.T. Acoust Impedance Uncontaminated Cement Signature Figue 40—C.E., Acouste impesanceImpotance i esl ofthe increase inthe velocity of sound throu the medi which parallel othe neat in shear ‘Meng Therefore he cement rl (arena) grow ‘ate nt constant and he acute impedance snot con ‘at. This causes uncontaminated cement o hae stint Sd ceconizable characteristic signature, eluted in 515 Ashasteen emphasized tis necessary that wee ble tc recopia ey weak ete or any gaa, weaned ee tment inthe cola, The sity ofthe sltrazonic fol 1 ie ary sold material the annus asin the sous impedance pesertin), whee ihe cement contaminated cement collapsed bol, or settled bart (om the deiling nud) fr supe the abies of pst cement seth ope devices. his imporan to recogaize whee the tp of seed arte efor ezmetig aod well oetend the length of the cemented colmn). ort recognize aes rund the ing where formation pats have clap it he ano Tes. Ineither ease, the annulus wot soerallysqueezabe esate he solid partis ae n0 etmowable Te flowing iusrations (Figures 42 tough 4) gate te responses Uncontaminated Cement Signature Figure 41-PET.Acouste Impedance 100 Figwe «2-~Analog Presentation of Sond Lag in Nencementtious Annular Fl \Figue 43--C.ET. Acoustic Impedance of Noncemenitous Annular Fil a5 Figure 44—PE. Acoustic impedance of Noncementitous Annular Flof bond og, CET. and PET, to krown,noncemenitous ‘materials inthe ani. The logs were uno four joins of Shim, 53.3 teasing deve no the earth ott the ony Imei in contact with he cating exerie isd it snd ‘oak The collars wee torqued and wee, ‘The ony indication onthe bond log ha some meri x= {sty onthe outs ft casing Is the amplitude curve. The ‘VDI shows no formation signal since the clock as beh pulverized by the pulsing ofthe easing while it was being ‘iver The decreasing amplitude vale ses ht ors oncrasing war wore atthe op ha tthe Bos (ach tony mater en), Figure 46 isa eld copy ofa recent CET. acoustic impatonce lg illustrating casing cla hoes nan od wel (1966) 08 he Calpe essing ID) curve, Trek © Figure 45—C.£-T. Acoustic Impedance Log of Bante Fill Figure 45—-C 7, Acoust Impedance Log of Casing Col Cortosion Holes5. Avie: developmen in lta-sonic loging choo og) sthe UST“ (Uta Sone lang Todor aunt ‘Tre tool (Far 47) onsn of ingle tance octed con areolsing onde atthe ota of wool, The rede ‘ee of he sondets ectangul,measting 2st) by ‘sin. Tae sonde ate a7§ revlon er econ, Ver calsampling isa fection of ogg ped te Table 3). Ro flor se ace avallable ie in? In 8 9% In and TO in sizes, The 134, sb can Ye uid in cosa ses ‘ptm L3tin, The mesurementponinles a enc t> the CET: however te mabe raster proves mish ‘oe aval dts or aly ofthe casing-cement te face Where the CET provides eight appresimaely Stscfmenastemen out of wsampled ing sieumicece ‘The USIT provider continour mensorement ofthe cng seurerence in eal pen wih th cos of the bie ‘paced approsimaely 1 in pat etal ‘The USI scans ta ent crcuference ofthe casing. enn a pole that ses the cating a orl seen Seung 9 evn i hiskoese ode. The traducer operas avaible feqency rane of (9819 S304. The varnions of requeny afr changes incas. tng wall hicks fom 018 n 10059 and changes athe Roark saat Figure 47—Uira Sonic Imaging Toot casing i est nd artes from he surat ot tue vacation a downhole conditions The anne hes the cans by repesedlyemiting shor pulses of Sdrnound. Tete rscce ang aver Se the echoes om the carag Four mearreet ae ae Ds naling the echoes “Table 3—Logging Speed vs. Sampling 1. Echo amplode (x indieation of csing contin. 2. Casing HD (eaesled from the ears ime othe ule adectol. 23° Casing wall hickness (seule fom the ream fe. Gaerey peti impedance ofthe meter at the casing OD (cl: ce rom he farm fresoanes. The amplade (energy level ofthe rected signal sa facction othe acoustic impeance of he Nadine asing. theeaig sel andthe cement at tee epetine ftraces (Mos of the incident rantmited energy i rellected xh ‘u-cing iets, spel othe Cofcent of Reflow revi ducused in 3. The smal rcton of th ener Fefacte deh he casing thckves i veered mole times betwen reflective succes, eensng tasted [ke inthe cement or mad each ie he ecry bes 8 {efletve surface Ts the ipl eri consi age inal eer eel reise forte casing ID, followed by _trexponemiallyJecaving series faved pulses. Process ing of te reflected wave for invlves oly the ital re ection andthe very early prt ofthe wave (immediately tyre the casing OD rival time) wai er eins fr one casing bored or omations. Penh dels of ‘here! wed analy the waveform may be baie a the papers (Hayman, ta.) ted he dopaphy. Five (8) color imaging used forthe presentation of he UUSTT is somewhat ofan improvement over the CET Co- nent Map. However, color aging onthe USIT ca be 8 iisiening atthe CET. Cement Map coiersion Calor imaging works extemely well wen ase age ier ence in acoustic impedance exists between te rails be Ing messured or example, neat cement and wate, Whee ‘meairement oration and merpcaton bacon sere [oblem i when = coteinae (or foamed semenibis an act ipdance value cq no es han ae tala fie such aed or mater ic in pave, ipo lea eo bone moe al an gat pacing ne Ip these ca, cslrason af he log presetion cam esc onlishe, br is most fiero erect idenying the nro ail These isimerpetations lead uneces Sy, caly and mot unecestulatempes remedial ‘ren sheath epi. Mor rez ingratons i interrctve coloration presets sodings of wte Bough yell to dak oma. Ps near seta of tina etn, ere sd Urano Aecestig the concept ta liquids xb so si ‘fc static! tration io acoustic mpednce Use ‘enuation vat egal 10D pl cement ata given casing wall ‘Beane. 1 Flerng —The log presenti is noemaly faced. Fl ‘ered means tha the dts avecapd every inches. is ‘ommend thatthe row atemustion ewes be pretented son fitered, 5 Atentoncrves—Theseaig othe stent caret Soul be et at 199 dv Common ange rhe cress ‘04015 a. The lower valve expands he svi for beter ration of the antar materia he lw ange of ae Son, We esl eying to separate sols fom ied ot 3000 pi cement rom 3000p cement4. Thera sing curve sul vay e pt th log teeny te ow te ofthe Role Tis permis creation ‘chanel. £ Manonom ecommended loging Speed 2400 & Apert panto esi pid Moke ai and serge an pie wo logging The masta emgeratre ore ol 30°F 1D. CEMENT EVALUATION TOOL, OR EQUIVALENT Running Recommendatione 2, Sundar ol my be sed a water base md weighs op {6 12S gt evi, water base mas upto U6 ue ‘he oie op (EPS Mod). The odie el car eran in he gle mds ls, 1b Tae CET boo ecommetdd i invert cmalson type ‘adh, The nied fol cam be ra oi se mus op 12 ea Door rw the stand ods in ating age thi Yin. ‘ing A special ols value foe 13m cng, ut no tools re curently aalabe for ein caving large tan Tain 4. Ron neo with bd witout presse ifthe mleoanna Tas lager han 06 nh (oe Secor I, tet 2.3, The CET. the SBT, and DET bave Been sun horizon ‘aloes ures £Alays make abit ard seraper run pio 0 rnin he Corset or RET. 2 Ths recomended logging sped i 000 te. The mmumimtamperstre for he tol 30°F 2 IMAR—lnege Rotation, shoul eset t “ALLO” ate ‘E°DISA”, The Gyro om the fol must be wrpnee pie ing ioe Bale for his syst fo work sd he Rae ate {ema be seer than 2 Thi curve ended 0 he lo ‘then pose or be Came Map shoul be ciened wb posible for proper postoning of chamelng, A W2G5—Detal srg is 3. Shoal best aceoding wo tas acouse impedance of | wing the casing wall kes Shownin Figue 32 othe vext IMAL. [MAU_Coloraton stination forthe Cement Map. the normal prciemttion of te CET is used e's recomended tat hese partes et eel the sn te wean of them ge 1) pas mepasye “Tus cole every mater wih an impedance eter an taf edie ct ak lox W2FP WIP tts resormends tt tse aloes bee busing Schlumberger: “Corps Value" when wing the [cous Impedance for analy, Homer ft i xo: lay oeeay to ey heli ote anal mud, ete ore gut its neces) to anpult the WN. [WON cron it the ype core (Fgwe 28) This ie complished by sevisng the WOFP an WSEP values. Ape ‘curve may be constracied using WINO = W3N as the uve uation Ia tanspateny of he type cave ie pe pared, ican be used w very the curve o the Iogeing tek computer seen o make the odjsments By adj {og the W2EP and W3FP values te ares rosie he ‘moved 1 the type cre ranspareney. These ales eo eed be aud foreach casing sn anor wegh change ‘ibe wel Seating 8, The Acoustic apedanes curves shoul te presented ona Seale oF 310 lor sepregaon of low acoustic impedance sels rom lids. 1 Phin the Clatve bering crv on the Aco Impedance log, ota eae of Oo 360" xing the normal presets. {ion ofthe CET, the WHOM crv Track 2) uy bee {scale of o 2 for tick wall caiag. However, inner ‘alld Csiogs inthe Bole. the sale soul be sting the ‘aph o Figue 32 E.PULSEECHO TOOL, OR EQUIVALENT ‘Running Recommendations 4 The BET. shoud be shop clirated or clita inthe ‘well ine easing pit rnning. The fol ml bec Irae foreach easing sirand weight ope ink we. 18 Themaximu ma weight (0! ot water base mac) ‘umes for tanning the PET is [40 Iga The 00) ‘ould nt be ute ives emelion muds {The oo eam he run easing Sas ap Orough 138 {sing extended tanadoes “ans {The published maxim ogeing sped i 0 fin. Incas where the cement sheath lens han 075 thick, he tole enskive to "Near Formation ection ‘These formation reflection wl be inerpreted y the com per as very poor mo cement die adhe eery level he $igrl faced back mothe trader ce Run he ol with pd without pressure fhe mlcroasra- sig larger than 0006 nee Sesion Im 29) 1 Aways make abit and sraper on pir legen. 5 The maximum empersae for he ols 350°F |) Therecommended oping spends 3600 Ue Parameters {the noel presenti of he PET se coloration ‘nd shading of he “Bonding image" Tack 35 coool: 1 Chst2 (Cure deter) The LS and RS ef and gh cles ales ate to be Se atthe cows mpaance vale ‘fhe ing mac nthe anol (Figo 30 & PID-TS i he parameter aed to input the casing wall thickness. The paramere sold be eset for ev) ease ie sou weight change, These values serve a ange def aes forthe cain thickness presentation andthe clelaton ‘of sou impedance PID changes he ofan of be Bonding Iage pee= Sentton in Tack 3. Oretng or at riesting the image i ‘psonl and canbe peformed on playback of the loging {Gpe. Entering a omzro value ons ie cecro the pre- tenia he low sie the oe Hoe deviation must be ‘ee ihn "forthe entation ptsentaton image o- {toe [snaallowed. the No. vance ithe igh side ofthe hole when he elev bearing curves 20 of 34. Posing ofthe tansdscers on the Bonding Image et sorigm 5.7.25, 6.0m 8 ‘seating 2 The Acouc Impedance ures shoul be pesented ont teal of O05 for seregtion of low acsotic impedance tals fom iis Pit th elave bearing curve the Acoust Impedance log-oma eal of Ot 360 ULTRASONIC IMAGING TOOL, OR EQUWALENT. Running Recommendations 4 The USIT shouldnt be ron in vate base ling md ‘heights gretr than 160 gl nro base mde reser ‘han HL Hyg. The oo an be ruin ieverse emulsion reads, Fr onentation purposes, the log must be un with the (GOTT package Cencral Pope Inloometr To). Make» pressure psi the microannaasslarger than ‘000% 4. Runa bit and serge prior fo oming he UST. The masini temperate for he ol 30°F, Sealing 4. The colored potion of the og aval with selened vir designating "bondec” area. "pa out cement. ee ‘ote and ee gs. The major oblem wih his eof pe ‘entation she same 2 the GET. coment map th letion parameters used to seperate coloration Wased on (he menured enc impedance of he toler euneih Ins type preeninton eed second lone pees thon aval ats prefered The secod eth ese Wes the standard deviation of the cou pede vale poral prerentations from wteteoup yellow to dark Town (otal of 18 shoding) as he sandard deviation in creases. The basi interpretation ting that if he andar ine deviations 0902 thematic anes is gi bn acount impedance log aso valle Som the USIT. Theor valves should be scaled from 9.10 $ smegakayles. The numberof racks avalabe fr resentation {536 (one cuve per 10 of ceumferesce or 72 one cure er5*creunfrne) Repeting th OPT package muito ‘hn in cojmeton wih the UST fr high side ow seo ‘oiton,Onenaion ofthe chanel important orem ‘cemenlng desis and methodsAPPENDIX B—BIBLIOGRAPHY [Usvak, Gand Motae, Cement imapog Thou ‘Ueaseaics” Peuoleun Soci of CIM, Paget No, 9330, Calan Albert, May 1993 Harness, PE, Sabin. FL and Grit, J.E, "New Tech- sige Provides Beer Low Dest Comers Bsiaion” SPE Page 2050, Waster Repional Meeting. Bakers, Cal fornia March 1952. Hyman, A. 1, Hon, Rand Wright, BV. “High Retoltion Cemtemtion and Comoson imaging by Us sound" SPWLA Hon Aenaal Logging Syreporin, Sane Goodin, and Curperts, WW, "Cemet Sheath Boa ‘on” APL Won Wie Cementing Pato, any 181 “Cement Evaluation” Wester Alias Internaonl, lc. Internal Publica, 199. oul, D. “Ative Wsessng ie Cent Bond Logsiog™ SPE Paper 20927, Europes 90. The Hague, Netherlands, Oatber 1950. Geadwin, KJ. "Guiles for Cement Sheth Exalstion” SPE Paper No. 19538, Fall Mecting SPE. San Aston Beirte. RM, Wilson, ané M.A. Sabo, FL, YAteoua- ‘ion of Catng Comentd Win Conventional and Expanding ‘Cement Acres Hesry Oi and Sanctne Ferrtiona® SPE Paper 12027, SPE Anna! Fall Ming, Octater 1588 Pitkngon, PE Pressure Needed Reduce Micounnhus ‘Efeeton CBL," Ou and Gat Jumma, 8, May 30,1988 ‘Aber LA, Suey, TE. Tele L Nu and Alot 6. “A Conaton of CBL, RB. and PET ios ina Tet Wel wit rsnced Channels” SPE Paper 1681, Dallas, Teas, Seamer 1987 ute, Gil, an Prceva,P "Relations be: ‘ween Cement Shy Composition, Mechanical rogers, ‘snd Cement Bond Log Outpt” SPE Paper 16652, 1987 Pikiegton, PE, “Preeil CBL Ce-esng Probie Can be Misimaed.” Oil and Gas Jou. 5-1, Noverber 1987 Sheines, TC Tela LN Mai, V-E, Staley. TB and Blankenship 1." Comparison of New Uasani Ce- ‘ment and Casing aiuto Logs with Stade Cement ‘Bond Logs.” SPE Paper 15436, New Orleans. Louisans October 1986 Stewart, RB a Schosten, FC “Gat Invasion and Mi atone Cement Anni Causes and Cores SPE Paper 14779. JADCISPE Confrence, Dalles, Tere, ebro 19h Jordan. M_E. and Shepherd, RA..“Cement Boad Low Deteiaitg Waling-Oe-Cement Tne,” SPE Paper (420, SDE Fall Mectng, La Vera, Nevada September 1985, MeGhee, BR, and Harder, 8. M, "Callan ad ate. rate of Cement Evaluation Log” East Ui Sympoiay, Dall. Teas, February 1985, Goodwin, KJ." Prnilesof Squeeze Cemenng” SPE Pa. per 12503, Permian Basin Recovery Conference, Mila “Teva, March 1988, Cement lution Tol, Senlamberer Marketing Brace ‘M-G86301. Jane 985. Hava, KM, “Ubrasonie Comet ‘ond Evaluation” SPWLA 24th Ancual Logging Sper stom Sly 182 GGotwiter LH, and Masson, .P, "The Creat Bord ‘Tool SPWLA Tenty-Thid Annual Logsieg Symp, July 1982 ‘Rao, P P Seton, DL, Chis 3D. ad Cunningham, We Cra Ulraoni Devic for Nondercive Testing of Oi ‘Well Cement Bleed Temperates ab Peso” ‘al of Petrateam Technolgy Novem! 1982. Frolich B. Pitman, D. an Seeman, B. Cement Eras. ‘don Tool-—A New Approach 9 Cement Eraluation” SPE Paper 10207, Anal Fall Meeing, Dall, Texas, Oeiber wat Came, LG. and Evans, GW. “A Stay of Cement Pipe Bonding” SPE Paper 168, California Regional Mesting Santa Barbera Calor, Oso 1963aSd/—q} wp Cement Sheath Evaluation API TECHNICAL REPORT 107R1 FIRST EDITION, JUNE 1998 an od reer sT=? ametcan ae ri) Penelsarn easel Part ib InstituteSPECIAL NOTES ‘AM ulcsons cesta ses lca 9 geil rata WU ne pr eee intr lv sta, esl us aed gush ould Neon ‘Pes ner unhaettng Sorel the dea el emplagen, cuneate opp 9 ‘sam and propery tnd ecaptherempiesen aml shen ensoued cones alte aly 2 pecans, nor inden obo wns lh tao fermatonzotering sey ane Dest sks 96 foe: aeeAdans with gest scaler ins sot pone snk ci Gi phe toe waa raspy ofa ati, oF te msec safety dra tt Noshingcontued nay AP ublieato obecesued ax yaming ny ah ion of ober, rth manlaceste seo seu! any meh, para, ot tnatcesoeced by lke plese Nec oval aching somo) east Ge Ssesrved a aia amyone obits Iaboy foratingrwen oer pene “Gevwrily AFL area are vviewo at tied eames on wilrann ae ty ve yet, Semmes a ne Ume sean of op 2090 yu dO ‘ee eae Thi poblienion wl oo longer be i fle ve pars afer i uc date te ac operatie APL uantad or, hero ae exesion has Seon grit upon repaicn. ‘unas foe pean cube sacerained fo the APLA toring Depart (lags (2009682-4000). a catog of APL plea and ze posed amas a0 up ‘se query by APL, 1220 L Sues, MLW, Washrgen, OC. 20008 “Tet dostest a produced unger APL suet poetares he eu aos eat ett ahd fercipnon fe develops pasos ao sgn sae ‘APT steal Quctots coscorany ibe nerpehaton af cowset of hie and oF omnes austin’ coer tbe roca ede whieh bs Mandal was dete ped toull be ete io ering he ester Ue Aberin Departmen: Betileyuge of tie docmecat- Amencon Pein Face, L220 Sree POW Was fepion, DE 5RCUS. Reyes or point paar ansate a o any pa oe ‘mua publabed hei shad sls te alld toe Sree “AP ications ay boa by an eg dg Fe ty oe ene sre ecard ee ii of he dar ed a Hea ‘en te Ieteute maues no preceraoe, wary of zmrnee connection wi his ‘bwin na bere exes clas ay Tait oe werponlby fr oso dara going oe fr wot fay fader. ste, run regaaion th ‘heh poten map =a “APL vaniores ubliee itt brat bi of rove. sound einer ing and porate rac, Tate andor te ene vate ener ng sound eginering|usgeer regardng when ood where hese adage S30 be tetard Thetoeslton sm pobleaon of APF anee i Nor eed nay we ih Ibcanyoue oor using any ter practices. ‘ow smocer ic supe matin con ace with biking = sqarnctof ae AF stand lly esposible fx complying wih le apicale "eyukevtn of ar talc. API doe ace} waar pearance ht ech pe (6 at edo ae ypieble APT sande A ngs aera op of wi wrk yb apm redo rr! rem, ‘crated bya ants etn rane pg, modi he. "ee oe na” writen eran fom ke par Corde Pubcher APY ‘ebrong emicar 1250 LSovee NK ratangran. B12 20005 epg We Asan meat aewd FOREWORD Tat cantando become Bet ce elite pied om ter ba ae be ed seer i de of ation. ‘AP! publican ny be me by ayoe ening bd oo, Heer ei a bee le tpt nie ease the cura a eab iy the aia emn ine, He ‘bi eb expey e's any lly oreo ela Come ‘euler visite ay fds, angel rai oh ‘inchs pabeason say eo ‘Seggstalevisee se freed an shah ite ee dmc the poration ma Prndicton Dearie, Anrean Ptneun Wnatoe 91 Set NW hing fom. B28,a CONTENTS. 2 IStROBUCITON 7 2 CEMENT BONG Louise pauNCIELES COMPENSATED LOGGING £00Ls 2 UEDRASONIC CEMENT LC CONG TOO § ROREHOLRFLINS COMPENSATED LUGGING TOOLS. ASPET AL OCLANCE RECOREMIENDATIONS PPPOE BNMLIOGRAPHY 2 compen Winston irre caine coven Cate Step Weform Display 4 chon: or Moroes Liar Tsk Revd Teche se Seu 3 cyes Suan aaa cle ap WWienzprettn Coe (aes Wal Cone ly Cres wih gh Senge 15--Thek Wall Coury lly Creel wh Seng le Ray Camere Cig Wo Fora Respraee 15 Formation Bie of Bone Loss ‘6 erect Boone Respones 2—Gas wor Fouad Cert e—Mierwnnue 9—Chemel 2 —Congenaied Bond Logie Too! 1 —Segmencd Boos Teal SET) !—Segmnted Bowed fal Log Pct BSB Inerreton Chae [a Enarpet of Ueno Loge Fal stat taneen 2S Pat POET Wirefoncs Bh -Nowodiad W203 Changes BHACET Lig Poca 31 Me Aco tpaince M2 of Casing Wall Tikes en Normalized? Siam Ate Ingen MOPET Log Pesnirton SE_BET Winefom Merce Winks So Keown La id Sgutie Frot ne CET een EeSnows Lig Sigrare From the PET 2R-C ET. Acme Imomaaree : oe DORET Acne Inpatante esse ssssoevvocerononosnse OCR. Acme Fpecnnte eee TOBET Acninte Impecance 2 ‘2Abalag Pesenaion of Bond Lg ia Nogcemntans Anear Fil ™ BOLE Atom ingedatce of Nenccweatton: Ane Fal MOREY. Acoute Lnpaiun of Noocenatons Ae Bl SCE Aton fepedaice Gig of Hale SeCET Amour hopes Lag of Ciing Ctr Comoe Hoes Fils Sonic tnagig Foal {ot Aton Lnpoduoe “heaoe 82 Pr™ 12 Acoma npalunc “Typical erent Sia ‘I Acopte fpetance Cat Cat omen Sia 5a Acne Fopevance “Tap sn Callpse Foreson Signore in en ety eae 2 fom Acris impede Yor 8 SCtagsee Saal on Somping i noua