Chapter 4

1) Complete the following sentences:

a) Women ____________________________________________________
b) Men _______________________________________________________
c) Older People ________________________________________________
d) Parents ____________________________________________________
e) Americans __________________________________________________

2) Match the letter of the term which best identifies each of the situations below.
Be sure that you clarify the terms before you begin, and pay particular
attention to underlined words and phrases. Identify which principle influences
the self-concept in each example.

a. second-order reality b. interpretation f. halo effect

c. empathy g. selection d. first-order reality

__c__ 1. Holly communicated her understanding of her friend’s housing

problem to that friend.
__b__ 2. Susan assumes that her friend’s silence in class means that she has
nothing to say; Ye Sun believes that this same silence indicates respect for
authority.
__g__ 3. Now that he is shopping for a car, Ken seems to notice more car
advertisements.
__b__ 4. You figure your friend’s smile means she’s happy.
__d__ 5. Janice noticed that her boss walked right into the conference room
without greeting anyone.
__a__ 6. Janice figured her boss was pretty mad when he didn’t say hello to
anyone.
__g__ 7. Even though Peter isn’t especially interested in the life cycle of a
worm, he listens carefully in class because he knows the material will be on
the test.
__f__ 8. Donna is so pretty that everyone assumes she is a nice person, too.