Algebraic Substitution

Algebraic Substitution
KS3-3 (p. 170-176, 180-184)
• substitute values into expression and
equations
• solve expressions and equations
• solve simultaneous equations (using
two different methods)
How do we solve
simultaneous
equations?
 Elimination method:

Either add or subtract the equations to get an equation with one

variable, which can then be solved.

＋ When the coefficients of one variable are opposites, you add

the equations to eliminate a variable.

－ When the coefficients of one variable are the same, you

subtract the equations to eliminate a variable.

Using the Elimination Method: Step 1

EXAMPLE 1

3 x  y  11 Subtract the
two equations
2x  y  8 to eliminate
the y variable...

Solution: x  3
 Using the Elimination Method: Step 2
EXAMPLE 1

3 x  y  11 Plug the x
value back into
2x  y  8 one of the
equations...

Solution:
3(3)  y  11
x3
y2

Using the Elimination Method: Step 3

EXAMPLE 1

3 x  y  11 Place both your

values back into
2x  y  8 one of the
equtions to check

Solution:
2(3)  2  8
x3
y2
 Using the Elimination Method: Step 1
EXAMPLE 2

2 y  7 x  5 Add the two

equations to
5 y  7 x  12 eliminate the x
variable...

Solution: 7y  7
y 1

Using the Elimination Method: Step 2

EXAMPLE 2

2 y  7 x  5 Plug the y
value back into
5 y  7 x  12 one of the
equations...

Solution:
2(1)  7 x  5
y 1
7 x  7
x  1
 Using the Elimination Method: Step 3
EXAMPLE 2

2 y  7 x  5 Place both your

values back into
5 y  7 x  12 one of the
equtions to check

Solution:
5(1)  7 ( 1)  12
y 1
x  1

Using the Elimination Method: Step 1.1

EXAMPLE 3
Make the
3a  4b  41 coefficients the
same through
4 a  5b  3 multiplication

Solution: Multiply the top

15 a  20 b  205 equation by 5
16 a  20 b  12 and the bottom
one by 4 (LCM)
 Using the Elimination Method: Step 1.2
EXAMPLE 3

15 a  20 b  205
Add the two
equations to

16 a  20 b  12
eliminate the b
variable...

Solution:
31 a  217
a  7

Using the Elimination Method: Step 2

EXAMPLE 3
Plug the a
3a  4b  41 value back into
one of the
4 a  5b  3 equations...

Solution: 3 ( 7 )  4 b  41
21  4 b  41
a  7
4 b  20 b  5
 Using the Elimination Method: Step 3
EXAMPLE 3
Place both your
3a  4b  41 values back into
one of the
4 a  5b  3 equtions to check

Solution: 4 (7 )  5 (5 )  3
b  5 28  25  3
a  7 33

Delta 3 book page 170

x = 4, y = 1 x = 4, y = 8 x = 8, y = 13

x = 1.5, y = 3.5 x = 8, y = 1.5 x = 5, y = 2

 Substitution method:

Insert one equation into the other to get an equation with one
variable, which can then be solved.

x y  3
3y  x  5

Using the Substitution Method: Step 1

EXAMPLE 1

2 x  7 y  12 Insert -2y from

the bottom
x  2 y equation into
the top one...

Solution: 2( 2 y )  7 y  12
 4 y  7 y   12
y  4
 Using the Substitution Method: Step 2
EXAMPLE 1

2 x  7 y  12 Plug the y

value back into
x  2 y the bottom
equation...

Solution: x  2( 4)

x 8
y  4

Using the Substitution Method: Step 3

EXAMPLE 1

2 x  7 y  12 Place both your

values back into
x  2 y one of the
equtions to check

Solution: 2(8)  7 ( 4)  12

x8 16  28   12
y  4
 12   12
 Using the Substitution Method: Step 1
EXAMPLE 2

x 14 y41y Rearrange the

top equation so
2 x  55yy 11
11 that x is on its
own

Solution:
2 (  4 y  1)  5 y  11 Insert -4y-1 into
the bottom
 8 y  2  5 y  11 equation...

 13 y  13 y  1

Using the Substitution Method: Step 2

EXAMPLE 2

x  1  4 y Plug the y
value back into
2 x  5 y  11 the top
equation...

Solution:
x  1   4 (  1)
x 1  4
y  1 x  3
 Using the Substitution Method: Step 3
EXAMPLE 2

x  1  4 y Place both your

values back into
2 x  5 y  11 one of the
equtions to check

Solution:
3  1   4 (  1)
x  3 44
y  1

Delta 3 book page 184

x = 3, y = 1

c = 14t + 28

x = 5, y = 2