Chapter 3 MCQ

1. The number of file formats used in multimedia continues to _.

a. proliferate
b. decrease
c. vanish
d. None of the above

2. All the following are audio formats except _.

a. AIFF, AAC, AC3, BWF
b. MP3, M4A
c. WAV, WMA
d. MP4, BMP, FLV

3. All the following are image formats except _.

a. BMP, DIB, GIF, HEIF
b. JPG, PICT, PNG, PSD
c. TGA, TIF
d. WMV, MPG, MOV, AVI

4. All the following are video formats except _.

a. AVI, DV, FLV, HEVC
b. M4V, MOV, MP4, SWF, WMV
c. MPG, MTS, MXF, SWF, WMV
d. AAC, AIFF, AC3

5. 1-bit images are also called _ images.

a. Monochrome
b. Binary
c. Grayscale
d. Both a, b

6. Each pixel is stored as a single bit (0 or 1) in _ images.

a. Monochrome
b. Binary
c. Both a, b
d. Grayscale

7. Binary image is also called a 1-bit monochrome image since it contains no

color.
a. True
b. False

8. Lena image is a standard image used to illustrate many algorithms.

a. True
b. False
9. In _ image, each pixel has a gray-value between 0 and 255 (by single
byte).
a. binary
b. grayscale
c. color
d. None of the above

10. A bright pixel might have a value of 10.

a. True
b. False

11. A bright pixel might be 230.

a. True
b. False

12. Bitmap is the one-dimensional array of pixel values.

a. True
b. False

13. Bitmap represents the graphics/image data.

a. True
b. False

14. Image resolution refers to the number of pixels in a digital image.

a. True
b. False

15. Lower resolution always yields better quality.

a. True
b. False

16. Image resolution is equal to Rows * Columns.

a. True
b. False

17. Fairly low resolution for an image might be 1600 x 1200.

a. True
b. False

18. Fairly high resolution for an image might be 640 x 480.

a. True
b. False

19. In _ images, each pixel is stored in a single byte.

a. grayscale
 b. binary
c. color
d. All the above

20. A 640 x 480 grayscale image requires _ of storage.

a. 300MB
b. 300KB
c. 300bit
d. All the above

21. Frame buffer is a software used to store bitmap.

a. True
b. False

22. Frame buffer resides in _.

a. Video card
b. RAM
c. Graphics card
d. Both a, c

23. The resolution of the video card does not have to match the desired
resolution of the image.
a. True
b. False

24. If not enough video card memory is available, then the data has to be
shifted around in RAM for display.
a. True
b. False

25. An 8-bit image can be thought of as a set of _ bit-planes.

a. 16-bits
b. 8-bits
c. 1-bit
d. None of the above

26. In bit planes, each plane consists of a 1-bit contribution to the image.
a. True
b. False

27. A bit is turned on if the image pixel value has a nonzero value for that bit.
a. True
b. False

28. If a pixel stores 1 byte, then all the pixels with byte value > 24 have the
most significant bit turned on.
 a. True
b. False

29. When an image is printed, the basic strategy of _ is used.

a. Dithering
b. Aliasing
c. Sampling
d. None of the above

30. Dithering trades intensity resolution for spatial resolution to provide ability
to print multi-level images on 2-level (1-bit) printers.
a. True
b. False

31. Dithering is used to calculate patterns of squares

a. True
b. False

32. Values from 0 to 255 correspond to patterns that are more and more filled
at lighter pixel values for printing on a 1-bit printer
a. True
b. False

33. The main strategy in dithering is replace a pixel value by a larger pattern,
say 2 x 2 or 4.x 4.
a. True
b. False

34. The number of printed dots approximates the fixed-size disks of ink used
in analog, in halftone printing.
a. True
b. False

35. _ is an analog process that uses smaller or larger filled circles of black ink
to represent shading, for newspaper printing.
a. Dithering
b. Halftone printing
c. Aliasing
d. All the above

36. If we use 2x2 dithering matrix, first re-map image values 0..255  0..4
a. True
b. False

37. We can also re-map image values by (integer) dividing by 255/4.

a. True
 b. False

38. When we use 2x2 dithering matrix, if pixel value is 0, then we print all four
dots.
a. True
b. False

39. If we use 2x2 dithering matrix, then if pixel value is 4, then we print
nothing.
a. True
b. False

40. In dithering, the rule is _.

a. replace each pixel by an N x N matrix of dots.
b. if the intensity is > the dither matrix entry then print an on dot at that
entry location
c. Both a, b
d. None of the above

41. For a dithered image, replacing each pixel by a 4 x 4 array of dots makes
an image 8 times as large.
a. True
b. False

42. A clever trick to get around this larger image problem is, suppose we use
a larger dither matrix (4x4), then we slide the dither matrix over the image,
four pixels in the horizontal and vertical directions at a time (where image
values have been reduced to the range 0..16). An “ordered dither”
consists of turning on the printer output bit for a pixel if the intensity level is
greater than the particular matrix element just at that pixel position.
a. True
b. False

43. An ordered dither consists of turning on the printer input bit for a pixel if
the intensity level is greater than the particular matrix element just at that
pixel position.
a. True
b. False
A video explanation for ordered dithering:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IviNO7iICTM

44. The most common data types for graphics and image file formats are _.
a. 24-bit color
b. 8-bit color
c. Both a, b
d. None of the above
45. Some formats are restricted to particular hardware / operating system
platforms, while others are “cross-platform” formats.
a. True
b. False

46. Formats cannot be converted from one system to another.

a. True
b. False

47. Most image formats incorporate some variation of a _ technique due to the
large storage size of image files.
a. compression
b. aliasing
c. sampling
d. All the above

48. A compression technique can be _.

a. lossless
b. lossy
c. Both a, b
d. None of the above

49. In a color 24-bit image, each pixel is represented by _, usually

representing RGB.
a. 3-bits
b. 3 bytes
c. 3 kilobytes
d. None of the above

50. In a color 24-bit image, the format supports 256 x 256 x 256 possible
combined colors, or a total of 16,777,216 possible colors.
a. True
b. False

51. A 640 x 480 24-bit color image would require _ of storage without any
compression.
a. 300KB
b. 921.6KB
c. 921.6MB
d. None of the above

52. Many 24-bit color images are actually stored as 32-bit images,
a. True
b. False
53. The extra byte of data in 32-bit images for each pixel used to store an
alpha value representing special effect information (e.g., transparency).
a. True
b. False

54. More information about the scene being imaged can be gained by using _.
a. more accuracy for pixel depth (64-bit for example)
b. special cameras that view more than just three colors (i.e., RGB)
c. Both a, b
d. None of the above

55. Capturing higher bit-depth images for security cameras using _.

a. invisible light (e.g., infrared, ultraviolet)
b. dark flash
c. Both a, b
d. None of the above

56. In medical images of skin, higher bit-depth images can be obtained using
_ to diagnose skin carcinoma.
a. higher-dimensional images (> 3D)
b. lower dimensional images
c. Both a, b
d. None of the above

57. In satellite imaging, we can use _ to obtain types of crop growth.

a. high-D
b. low-D
c. Both a, b
d. None of the above

58. A higher dimensional image is also called multispectral (more than 3

colors).
a. True
b. False

59. A higher dimensional image is also called hyperspectral (a great many

image planes).
a. True
b. False

60. 8 bits of color information is also called “256 colors”.

a. True
b. False

61. 8-bit color images use the concept of a _ to store color information.
a. lookup table (LUT)
 b. hash table
c. data table
d. None of the above

62. In 8-bit color images, the image stores not color, but instead just a set of
bytes.
a. True
b. False

63. In 8-bit color images, each set of bytes is actually an index into a table
with 3-byte values that specify the color for a pixel with that lookup table
index.
a. True
b. False

64. A 640 x 480 8-bit color image only requires _ of storage.

a. 300KB
b. 921.6KB
c. 300MB
d. None of the above

65. The 24-bit color image needs large storage.

a. True
b. False

66. The solution for this large storage need is to use 8-bit color images that
store only the index, or code value, for each pixel.
a. True
b. False

67. In 8-bit color images, if a pixel stores the value 25, the meaning is to go to
column 25 in a color look-up table (LUT).
a. True
b. False

68. A _ consists of an array of fairly large blocks of color (or a semi-

continuous range of colors) such that a mouse-click will select the color
indicated.
a. color lookup table
b. color picker
c. dithering matrix
d. None of the above

69. A color-picker displays the palette colors associated with index values
from 0 to 255.
a. True
 b. False

70. A very simple animation process is possible via simply changing the color
table. This is called _.
a. color cycling
b. palette animation
c. Both a, b
d. None of the above

71. The most straightforward way to make 8-bit look-up color out of 24-bit
color would be _.
a. divide the RGB COLOR cube into equal slices in each dimension
b. using Median-cut algorithm:
c. both a, b
d. None of the above

72. The centers of each of the resulting cubes would serve as the _ in the
color LUT.
a. pixel data
b. entries
c. color information
d. None of the above

73. Humans are more sensitive to RED and GREEN than to BLUE.
a. True
b. False

74. After dividing the RGB COLOR cube into equal slices in each dimension
and setting entries for LUT, we _.
a. scale the RGB ranges 0..255 into the appropriate ranges
b. generate the 8-bit codes.
c. Both a, b
d. None of the above

75. Due to human sensitivity to R and G more than B, we shrink the R range
and G range 0..255 into the 2-bit range  0..7
a. True
b. False

76. Due to human sensitivity to R and G more than B, we shrink the B range
down to the 2-bit range  0..3
a. True
b. False

77. To shrink R and G, we could simply divide the R or G byte value by

(256/8) = 32 and then truncate.
 a. True
b. False

78. After the above step, each pixel in the image gets replaced by its 8-bit
index and the color LUT serves to generate 24-bit color.
a. True
b. False

79. A simple alternate solution that does a better job for the color reduction
problem.
a. Average algorithm
b. Aliasing
c. Median-cut algorithm
d. None of the above

80. In Median-cut algorithm, _.

a. first, sort the R byte values
b. second, find their median
c. Both a, b
d. None of the above

81. What is true about Median-cut algorithm?

a. values <= the median are labelled with a “1” bit
b. values > the median are labelled with a “0” bit.
c. Both a, b
d. None of the above

82. Median-cut algorithm concentrates bits where they most need to

differentiate between low populations of close colors.
a. True
b. False

83. One can most easily visualize finding the median by using a _ showing
counts at position 0..255.
a. graph
b. LUT
c. histogram
d. None of the above

84. One of the most popular formats because of its historical connection to the
WWW and HTML markup language as the first image type recognized by
net browsers.
a. JPEG
b. PNG
c. TIFF
d. 8-bit GIF
85. Currently the most important common file format for images.
a. JPEG
b. PNG
c. TIFF
d. BMP

86. Most popular lossless image format.

a. BMP
b. PNG
c. TIFF
d. PS and PDF

87. Flexible file format due to the addition of tags.

a. JPEG
b. PNG
c. TIFF
d. 8-bit GIF

88. Standard image file format for Windows.

a. PNG
b. TIFF
c. PS and PDF
d. BMP

89. A file format with vector-based language, popular in publishing and

academia
a. PS and PDF
b. TIFF
c. JPEG
d. PNG

90. In GIF standard, limited to 8-bit (256) color images only.

a. True
b. False

91. File format that is best suited for images with few distinctive colors (e.g.,
graphics or drawing).
a. JPEG
b. PNG
c. TIFF
d. 8-bit GIF

92. The process of successive display of pixels in widely spaced rows by a 4-

pass display process.
a. Scan conversion
 b. Sampling
c. Interlacing
d. None of the above

93. GIF standard does not support interlacing.

a. True
b. False

94. _ is the original GIF specification.

a. GIF87a
b. GIF88a
c. GIF89a
d. None of the above

95. The later version of GIF specification.

a. GIF87a
b. GIF88a
c. GIF89a
d. None of the above

96. Supports simple animation via a Graphics Control Extension block in the
data, provides simple control over delay time, a transparency index, etc.
a. GIF87a
b. GIF88a
c. GIF89a
d. None of the above

97. The most important current standard for image compression.

a. JPEG
b. PNG
c. TIFF
d. 8-bit GIF

98. JPEG takes advantage of _ to achieve high rates of compression.

a. human sensitivity to colors
b. specific human vision system strengths
c. specific human vision limitations
d. None of the above

99. _ allows the user to set a desired level of quality, or compression ratio
(input divided by output).
a. JPEG
b. PNG
c. TIFF
d. 8-bit GIF
100. PNG stands for Portable Network Graphics.
a. True
b. False

101. PNG is meant to supersede the JPEG standard and extends it in

important ways.
a. True
b. False

102. _ format supports for up to 48 bits of color information.

a. JPEG
b. PNG
c. TIFF
d. 8-bit GIF

103. PNG files may contain _ for correct display of color images,
a. gamma-correction information
b. alpha-channel information
c. control of transparency
d. None of the above

104. PNG files may contain _ for uses such as control of transparency.
a. gamma-correction information
b. alpha-channel information
c. Both a, b
d. None of the above

105. In PNG format, the display progressively displays pixels in a 1-

dimensional fashion by showing a few pixels at a time over seven passes
through each 8 x 8 block of an image.
a. True
b. False

106. TIFF stands for Tagged Image File Format.

a. True
b. False

107. The support for attachment of additional information provides a great deal
of flexibility.
a. True
b. False

108. In TIFF, the attached additional information is also referred to as “tags”.

a. True
b. False
109. In TIFF, the least important tag is a format signifier.
a. True
b. False

110. Indicates what type of compression is in use in the stored image. This
refers to _.
a. format signifier tag
b. image length
c. index
d. None of the above

111. TIFF can store only one type of images.

a. True
b. False

112. TIFF can store _ images.

a. 1-bit, grayscale
b. 8-bit color
c. 24-bit RGB
d. All the above

113. TIFF was originally a lossy format.

a. True
b. False

114. In TIFF, a JPEG tag allows one to opt for JPEG compression.
a. True
b. False

115. The TIFF format was developed by the Aldus Corporation in the 1980's
and was later supported by Microsoft.
a. True
b. False

116. BMP is also known as _.

a. Windows BMP
b. Bitmap
c. Device Independent Bitmap (DIB)
d. All the above

117. _ is a major system standard graphics file format for Microsoft Windows,
recognized by many programs.
a. Bitmap
b. JPEG
c. TIFF
d. GIF
118. Bitmap uses vector graphics.
a. True
b. False

119. BMP supports many pixel formats, including indexed color (up to 8 bits per
pixel), and 16, 24, and 32-bit color images.
a. True
b. False

120. There are many sub-variants within the BMP standard.

a. True
b. False

121. The native vector file format for the Microsoft Windows operating
environment.
a. Bitmap
b. Windows WMF
c. Both a, b
d. None of the above

122. In _, consists of a collection of GDI (Graphics Device Interface) function

calls, also native to the Windows environment.
a. Bitmap
b. Windows WMF
c. Both a, b
d. None of the above

123. What function is used to “play” a WMF file?

a. Windows PlayFile()
b. Windows PlayMetaFile()
c. Windows PlayMeta()
d. None of the above

124. When a WMF file is “played”, the described graphics is rendered.

a. True
b. False

125. WMF files are ostensibly device-independent and are limited in size.
a. True
b. False

126. Belong to a family of open source Netpbm formats.

a. PPM (Portable PixMap)
b. PGM (Portable GrayMap)
c. PBM (Portable Bitmap)
 d. All the above

127. The Netpbm formats are mostly common in the Windows environments.
a. True
b. False

128. The Netpbm formats are sometimes also collectively known as PNM or
PAM (Portable AnyMap).
a. True
b. False

129. The Netpbm formats are either ASCII files or raw binary files with an
ASCII header for images.
a. True
b. False

130. _ is an image format for digital cameras.

a. Netpbm
b. WMF
c. EXIF (Exchange Image File)
d. None of the above

131. Compressed EXIF files use the baseline _ format.

a. PNG
b. JPEG
c. TIFF
d. WMF

132. EXIF has a variety of tags many more than TIFF.

a. True
b. False

133. In EXIF, the variety of tags facilitate higher quality printing, since
information about the camera and picture-taking conditions can be stored
and used by printers for possible color correction algorithms.
a. True
b. False

134. Example of camera and picture-taking conditions include _.

a. flash, exposure
b. light source, white balance
c. type of scene
d. All the above

135. The EXIF standard includes specification of file format for _ that
accompanies digital images.
 a. video
b. audio
c. Both a, b
d. None of the above

136. The EXIF standard supports tags for information needed for conversion to
FlashPix.
a. True
b. False

137. FlashPix was initially developed by Kodak.

a. True
b. False

138. High Efficiency Image File (HEIF) is the still-image version of the _ format.
a. HEVC video
b. H.265 video
c. AVI video
d. Both a, b

139. HEVC video format is also called H.265.

a. True
b. False

140. _ adopted by Apple to replace JPEG in all its iDevices.

a. HEIF
b. HEVC
c. AVI
d. PNG

141. JPEG is more efficient than HEIF.

a. True
b. False

142. HEIF is more efficient than JPEG because the image size can be reduced
by half with almost imperceptible changes to image quality.
a. True
b. False

143. HEIF is said to be a _ to wrap still images compressed with the HEVC
codec.
a. file format
b. lossless
c. container
d. None of the above
144. _ is an important language for typesetting, and many high-end printers
have a _ interpreter built into them.
a. Typescript
b. Python
c. Postscript (PS)
d. None of the above

145. Postscript is a raster-based picture language, rather than vector-based.

a. True
b. False

146. Vector-based means page element definitions are essentially in terms of

vectors.
a. True
b. False

147. Postscript includes _.

a. text
b. vector graphics
c. structured graphics
d. All the above

148. In PS, bit-mapped images can be included in input files.

a. True
b. False

149. EPS stands for Encapsulated Postscript files.

a. True
b. False

150. In (.EPS) files, some additional information is added for inclusion of

Postscript files in another document.
a. True
b. False

151. Postscript page description language provides compression.

a. True
b. False

152. Postscript files are just stored as ASCII.

a. True
b. False

153. PDF stands for Portable Document Format.

a. True
b. False
154. PDF has superseded or at least paralleled PS.
a. True
b. False

155. PDF was developed by Adobe systems

a. True
b. False

156. PDF does not include LZW compression.

a. True
b. False

157. PDF files that do not include images have about the same compression
ratio _ as do files compressed with other LZW-based compression tools.
a. 2:1
b. 3:1
c. Both a, b
d. None of the above

158. They are composed of pixels

a. Raster Graphics
b. Vector Graphics
c. 3D graphics
d. None of the above

159. They are composed of paths.

a. Raster Graphics
b. Vector Graphics
c. 3D graphics
d. None of the above

160. In _, refresh process is independent of the complexity of the image.

a. Raster Graphics
b. Vector Graphics
c. 3D graphics
d. None of the above

161. In _, displays flicker when the number of primitives in the image become
too large.
a. Raster Graphics
b. Vector Graphics
c. 3D graphics
d. None of the above
162. In _, graphic primitives are specified in terms of end points and must be
scan converted into corresponding pixels.
a. Raster Graphics
b. Vector Graphics
c. 3D graphics
d. None of the above

163. In _, scan conversion is not required.

a. Raster Graphics
b. Vector Graphics
c. 3D graphics
d. None of the above

164. _ can draw mathematical curves, polygons, and boundaries of curved

primitives only by pixel approximation.
a. Raster Graphics
b. Vector Graphics
c. 3D graphics
d. None of the above

165. _ draw continuous and smooth lines.

a. Raster Graphics
b. Vector Graphics
c. 3D graphics
d. None of the above

166. Vector Graphics cost less.

a. True
b. False

167. Raster Graphics cost more as compared to Vector Graphics.

a. True
b. False

168. In _, they occupy more space which depends on image quality.

a. Raster Graphics
b. Vector Graphics
c. 3D graphics
d. None of the above

169. In _, they occupy less space

a. Raster Graphics
b. Vector Graphics
c. 3D graphics
d. None of the above
170. An example of Raster Graphics file extension is _.
a. BMP, JPG
b. TIF, GIF
c. SVG, EPS, PDF, Al, DXF
d. Both a, b

171. An example of Vector Graphics file extension is _.

a. SVG, EPS
b. PDF, Al
c. DXF
d. All the above

172. PTM stands for Polynomial Texture Mapping.

a. True
b. False

173. _ is a technique for storing a representation of a camera scene that

contains information about a set of images taken under a set of lights that
each have the same spectrum, but with each light placed at a different
direction from the scene.
a. Color mapping
b. Pixel mapping
c. PTM
d. None of the above

174. In PTM, each light in the set of lights is placed at the same direction from
the scene.
a. True
b. False

175. PTM was invented at Hewlett-Packard.

a. True
b. False