ENSIA Academic year 2021-2022

Linear Algebra Second Academic Semester

Worksheet 5 : Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors

Exercise 1 Consider the matrices

   
1 3 3 2 4 3
A = −3 −5 −3 ; B = −4 −6 −3 .
3 3 1 3 3 1
1. Determine the eigenvalues of A and B.
2. Determine the subspace associated to each eigenvalue.
3. Explain why A is diagonalizable and B is not.
4. Give an invertible matrix P and a diagonal matrix D such that A = P DP −1 .
5. Compute An , n ∈ N.

Exercise 2 Explain without calculation why the following matrix is not diagonalizable.
 
π 1 2
0 π 3
0 0 π
.

Exercise 3 True or False.

1. In finite dimension, an endomorphism admits a finite number of eigenvectors.
2. If A is diagonalizable, then A2 is diagonalizable.
3. If A2 is diagonalizable, then A is diagonalizable.
4. Any endomorphism of an R-vector space of odd dimension admits at least one eigenvalue.
5. The sum of two diagonalizable matrices is diagonalizable.
6. λ is an eigenvalue of A if, and only if, is an eigenvalue of AT .
7. if A is diagonalizable then A is invertible.

Exercise 4 Consider the matrix

 
3 −11 4
A = −1 3 −1 .
−2 8 −3
1. Show, without computing the characteristic polynomial, that −1 is an eigenvalue of A.
2. Show that the matrix A is diagonalizable.

Exercise 5 Let E = Rn [X] and let f be the endomorphism of E defined by

f (P ) = P − (X + 1)P ′ .

Show that f is diagonalizable