General Management Project on

“A STUDY ON INITIATIVE TAKEN BY INDIAN GOVERNMENT

FOR PROMOTING ENTREPRENEURSHIP”

Submitted in partial fulfilment for award of the degree of

Masters of Management Studies (MMS)

(under University of Mumbai)

Submitted By

Shubham Balu Bansode

(Roll. No. 31581803)

Under the guidance of

Prof. RIYAZ SHAIKH

2018-2020

Pramod Ram Ujagar Tiwari

Saket Institute of Management

 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that project titled “A Study on Initiative Taken by Indian Government for Promoting
Entrepreneurship” is successfully completed by Mr. Shubham Balu Bansode during the IV semester, in
partial fulfilment of the Masters Degree in Management Studies recognised by University of Mumbai for
the Academic Year 2019-2020 through Pramod Ram Ujagar Tiwari Saket Institute of Management.

This project is original and not submitted earlier for award of any degree, diploma or associateship of any
other university or institute.

Name: Prof. Riyaz Shaikh

Date: (Signature of the Guide)

 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this Project Report submitted by me to Pramod Ram Ujagar Tiwari Saket Institute of
Management is a bonafide work undertaken by me and it is not submitted to any other University or
Institution for award of any degree, diploma/certificate or published any time before.

Name: Shubham Balu Bansode

Roll. No. : 31581803 (Signature of the Student)

 Acknowledgements

The success and final outcome of this project required a lot of guidance and assistance from many people
and I am extremely privileged to have got this all along the completion of my project. All that I have done
is only due to such supervision and assistance and I would not forget to thank them.

I respect and thank Mr Saket Tiwari , for providing me an opportunity to do the project work in Saket
Gyanpeeth and giving me all support and guidance which made me complete the project duly. I am
extremely thankful to him for providing such a nice support and guidance, although he had busy schedule
managing the corporate affairs. I also thank Mrs. Shobha Nair the C.E.O of Saket Gyanpeeth.

I owe my deep gratitude to my project guide Prof. Riyaz Shaikh, who took keen interest on our project
work and guided me all along, till the completion of our project work by providing all the necessary
information.

I am thankful to and fortunate enough to get constant encouragement, support and guidance from all
Teaching staff and DR. Sanoj Kumar of Pramod Ram Ujagar Tiwari Saket Institute of Management who
helped me in successfully completing my project work.
 Table of Contents

Chapter Headings Page No.

Number
1 Introduction 1
2 Review of Literature 19
3 Methodology 26
4 Results 29
5 Discussion 30
6 Conclusion 31
7 Bibliography/References 32
8 Appendices _
 INTRODUCTION

Entrepreneurship:

With the power of rapid development and globalization in the field of technology, the world has become
a global village, which is a specialty of explosive growth in international trade and competition. Due to
being a part of the global economy, organizations and industries around the world have to face many more
important challenges. On the one hand, to keep alive, to keep pace with the pace of progress and to move
forward in the challenging world, many new and unemployed doors of opportunity open,
entrepreneurship, which is the most powerful economic power for mankind, enabling people Makes
opportunities to seek opportunities where others have to face inconvenient problems.

Entrepreneurship business is a symbol of perseverance and achievement; It is an important source of

change in all facets of the society, in which entrepreneurs, with their underlying intelligence, movement
and hard work are the best available accessibility opportunities available. They have historically changed
the direction of national economies, industries or markets. They invented new products, developed
organizations, and exploded in new technologies. They have forced current users to remove resources
from new and more productive users. Many entrepreneur innovations have changed society, in which we
live and enjoy the result.

Indian entrepreneurship is historically ruled by historical systems in the past. Were Brahmins The learned
men had helped Kshatriya in the administration; Trade and industrial activities engaged in agriculture and
performing well Business Besides, people were arranged in a very simple type of economic and social
order system. To apply this concept, compare it to modern entrepreneurship. The village is an
organization and an entrepreneur is called a craftsman. Independent India can claim to create a conductive
climate for spreading Entrepreneurship is in a wider background that later Indian growth and development
Entrepreneurship is to be established.

Since attracting foreign direct investment, Indian economy has developed Gross domestic product has
increased in per capita, market capitalization has become deeper and The profit economy comes back.
Development, globalization and Information channel entry market decreased new channels.To develop
and exploit entrepreneurs opportunities. With the liberalization of the economy Access constraint has
decreased in 1991, economists see rising foreigners Investments in the form of resources that provide
universal access. There is also stock market and economy It has been benefited as a foreign investment
which in turn invests in India Attractive business but has this growth benefited entrepreneurs?

Economic development provides a high standard of investment, investment scenario Both the domestic
and overseas market share a positive buoyancy What are the determinants in the market for new
investment and innovation Entrepreneurship is a cyclical effect with development in which one develops
The first benefit is to develop a positive emotion Enterprises to deal with the risks associated with it.
Opportunities, requirements and abilities are Determinants for Entrepreneurship (Davidson and Honig,
2003) Economic Development, Financial development, investment spirit and state-of-the-art
entrepreneurship policy Chance.

Economic development of a nation depends on its basis industrial development. Industrial development is
based on the entrepreneurial competencies of the people. Therefore, the concept of entrepreneurship
promotion is need time The word "entrepreneurship" comes from French poetry Both "Entreprendre" and
the German word "unternehmen" "Enterprise" means. Bygrave and Hofer defined in 1891 Entrepreneurial
process "as the inclusion of all functions,Activities related to understanding activities, and actions
Opportunities and opportunities to create opportunities ".

In simple, entrepreneurship is the act of being one Entrepreneur, who can be defined as "who does"
Innovative, finance and business skills in an effort Changing innovations in economic objects ".

Peter Drucker proposed that "entrepreneurship" is one Practice. This means entrepreneurship is not a state
Whether there is no trait or not by planning, which are not Action on entrepreneurship action begins with
construction New organization may or may not be.

The story of Indian entrepreneurship fills with paradoxes. During the pre-colonial period and In the
colonial era, the entrepreneur was seen more rigidly as a merchant-money borrower.

From the philosophy of fate, the caste affiliation and the philosophy of religious, cultural and social forces
for the arrangement of joint family. Entrepreneurship is certainly not understood as the present era on
coming from this social section, there was a major impact on political and economic factors.

Entrepreneurial emotions were many issues which had a negative impact on India Lack of political unity
and stability, absence of effective communication like entrepreneurship. The existence of systems, custom
constraints and oppressive tax policies, the spread of innumerable Currency system until the third decade
of the 19th century. self-sustaining and in fact, may never earn significant revenues. But, when
individuals create a new organization, they have entered the entrepreneurship paradigm.

Entrepreneurship refers to the task of establishing a new Reviving business or existing business so that it
Benefits from new opportunities, in this way, Entrepreneurs shape the economy by creating new ones By
inventing money and new jobs and new products More services However, an insight study shows that this
Money is not about making, the biggest idea is, Best Selling Pitch, Knowing Best Application marketing
strategy.

This is actually an attitude to make something new and an activity that creates value the entire social
environment system is psychology make-up this is the condition of the mind of the developed person
naturally, on the basis of its surroundings and experience, what he thinks about him Life and career in a
given way. Women have achieved tremendous growth Depending on the condition of their mind with the
increase in dependence Service sector, many entrepreneurial opportunities Especially for those women
where they have been made Maintaining balance can make your skills excellent According to his life,
during the last two decades, A growing number of Indian women have entered Areas of Entrepreneurship
and They Are Slowly today's business face is changing, Both literal and outline but they are not The way
it should capitalize its potential in India.

Entrepreneurship is the process of designing, launching and running a new business, which is often
initially a small business. The people who create these businesses are called entrepreneurs

Development of the Concept of Entrepreneurship

The term entrepreneur has literally been translated into French, which means "mid-center" and it has been
used since the 12th century. The first example of an entrepreneur is Marco Polo, who had tried to
establish a trade route far to the Far East. Marco Polo will sign a common contract with the capital
provider (bourgeois) to sell its inventory, which provides credit to the merchant-adventurer at higher
interest rates with insurance. The bourgeoisie creates business, emotional and business risks of passive
risks and merchandise. When the merchant is sold, the profit between the capitalist takes 70-75%,
whereas traders receive the remaining 25-30%. In the Middle Ages, the feudal system affecting Europe
has increased development and entrepreneurship.

During the seventeenth century, the term entrepreneur was used for the person who entered the
contractual arrangement with the government to show the services or products supplied after the contract,
resulting in profit or loss from the entrepreneurs leaving them Threatened. During the 17th century, a
famous French economist Richard D Cantina campaign developed the initial theory of entrepreneurship
and was credited as the founder of this term. Seeing the difference between supply and demand and cheap
purchase and sales to entrepreneurs, they looked at risk at high prices. He defined an entrepreneur as a
businessman or a farmer who "buys at a fixed price and sells at a fixed price, and maintains an operational
risk"
Until the eighteenth century, feudalism had ended, and with the emergence of a joint stock company,
there was a change in legal and institutional circumstances. During this period, the person with capital
was separated from the person whose capital was necessary. In other words, the entrepreneur was
separated from the capital provider. One of the reasons for this discrimination was that there was
industrialization across the world. During this time, many inventions took reactions in the developed
world. Entrepreneurs were seen through economic perspective during the nineteenth century. The
entrepreneur organizes and operates the enterprise for personal profit; It works for the services used in
business, land use, personal services, and it pays the existing values of that capital for which it was
necessary. He contributes to their initiatives, skills and simplicity in planning, organizing and
administering enterprises.

He also considers the possibility of loss and gives the result of unexpected and uncontrolled
circumstances. After paying all costs, the net relic of annual receipts of enterprises, he retains himself (Eli
and Heze, 1937). In the middle of the twentieth century, first economist, who focused on the role of
entrepreneurship in economic development through innovations, Yusuf A. In his words, "The work of the
entrepreneur is to improve the production or revolution by exploiting the revolutionary, to create new
materials or products to create new outlets, to create a new invention or to create a new object , A new
technique or an old technique in a new way. Attractive, 1972).

Characteristics/Traits of Entrepreneurs

Several research studies have been done to identify the characteristics / traits of a true entrepreneur.
Although there are no specific, universal acceptable features that come to all entrepreneurs, there are
some qualities that are the most successful entrepreneurs. Are included:

Motivation

Entrepreneurs are passionate, enthusiastic and highly self motivated. They have high energy levels and
they are always ready to take initiative. They always keep thinking about their business and how to
increase market share, how to improve their existing processes.

Risk Tolerance

The establishment of any enterprise is risky and the entrepreneur has to take risk. Risk and rewards are
inseparable, to grow, there is great appetite to handle entrepreneurial risk.

Vision
One of the key responsibilities of an entrepreneur as the founder and chief of the company is determining
where the business should go. This requires a strong vision on the part of an entrepreneur.

Mental ability and Creativity

The entrepreneur should expect change and should be able to study different situations under which the
decision has to be taken. Successful entrepreneurs have creative potential to identify and follow
opportunities. They are always looking for new ways to do things, to launch new products, and to provide
new services.

Clear Objectives

An entrepreneur has the clarity about the objectives, the nature of the goods, and the initiation of
supportive activities in business. This clarity in the objectives helps them translate their business ideas
into reality.

Good Communication Skills

It is basically related to communicating effectively, an entrepreneur who effectively communicates with

customers, employees, suppliers and creditors, will be more successful than the entrepreneur who does
not.

Human Skills

The most important personality factors contributing to the success of any entrepreneur include emotional
stability, good interpersonal relationship, ideas and reconciliation. An entrepreneur has to maintain good
relations with his clients so that he can be encouraged to keep his business safe. They should maintain
good relations with their employees so that they can be motivated to work with high level of efficiency.

Challenges Faced By Entrepreneurs:-

1) Cash Flow Management: -

Cash flow is essential for the existence of small business, yet many entrepreneurs struggle to pay
bills (let alone themselves), while they are waiting for the check to arrive. Part of the problem
arises from late invoices, which are common in the entrepreneur world. You do the job, send an
invoice, then get the payment (hopefully) after 30 days. In the meantime, you have to give
 everything to your employees or contractors in your mortgage on your grocery bill. It can be
difficult to wait to pay - and when a customer does not pay, you can take all the risks.

2) Hiring Employees: -
Do you know that job interview is the most scared? This is not a potential candidate - it's an
entrepreneur. It may take several days of your time in the recruitment process: To review the
resale, sit through the interview to find diamonds in some way through many ineligible candidates.
Again, you only hope that you can present a compelling package to get the best people on the
board and keep them long term.

3) Time Management: -
Time management might be the biggest problem faced by entrepreneurs, who wear many (and all)
hats. If you only had more time, you could accomplish so much more.
4) Delegating tasks: -
Entrepreneur knows he need to delegate or outsource tasks, but it seems every time he do
something gets messed up and you have to redo it anyway.
5) Choosing What To Sell: -
Entrepreneur know he could make a mint if just knew what products and services to sell. they’re
just unsure how to pick a niche.
6) Marketing Strategy: -
Entrepreneur do not know the best way to market his products and services: print, online, mobile,
ads, etc. You want to maximize your return on investment with skilled marketing, which results.
7) Capital: -
Entrepreneur wants to start or grow your business, but you have little capital to do it with.
8) Strapped Budget: -
Even though cash flow is fine, it seems you never have enough in your budget to market your
company to its full potential.
9) Business Growth: -
We’re assuming entrepreneur is growing, not that they can’t grow, and they’ve come to the point
at which you can’t take on any more work in your current structure.
 10) Self-Doubt: -
At least in the beginning, the life of an entrepreneur is not jealous. It's easy to be disappointed if
something goes wrong or you are not getting as fast as you want. Crawl in self-doubt, and you like
to give up.

Indian Government :

The Government of India has undertaken several initiatives and instituted policy measures to
foster a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship in the country. Job creation is a foremost
challenge facing India. With a significant and unique demographic advantage, India, however, has
immense potential to innovate, raise entrepreneurs and create jobs for the benefit of the nation
and the world.

In the recent years, a wide spectrum of new programmes and opportunities to nurture innovation
have been created by the Government of India across a number of sectors Recognising the
importance of women entrepreneurship and economic participation in enabling the country’s
growth and prosperity, Government of India has ensured that all policy initiatives are geared
towards enabling equal opportunity for women. The government seeks to bring women to the
forefront of India’s entrepreneurial ecosystem by providing access to loans, networks, markets
and trainings.

In the case of number of established startups, India is one of the top five countries in the world. The
startup-ecosystem in India has seen very slow growth last year. However, the introduction of GST and
Make in India initiative has given momentum to change. Indian start-ups are moving on the upper line and
are expected to grow in the coming year.

Recent reports from NASSCOM indicate that start-ups and entrepreneurs are multiplying. India is
considered to be the third largest host for the startup-ecosystem at the global level. It is measured that
there are around 4200 start-ups in India, which generate more than 8,500 employment opportunities. With
more than $ 5 billion investment in 2015 and every three to four startups emerge every day. It has been
estimated that by 2020, the number of start-ups will be more than 11,500 in India, the job creation of these
entrepreneurs will reach 250-300k by 2020. The number of investors has multiplied over the last few
years.
Entrepreneurship is a game of patience, perseverance and hard work. While every thought finds its way
through space, expansion and initial issues related to investment; Startup is extremely happy for the
wonderful opportunities of the network today. Success stories inspire young people to work and work to
make their thoughts effective. India's entrepreneur idea seems to be better than before. Government and
international organizations are equally investing in similar ideas. The system is given a good push to
increase the start-up by providing support for co-workplace or incubator, monetary and infrastructure
support. Start-ups are also making good use of available facilities and are showing signs of good times.

There have been several developments in the second quarter of 2017 in Indian start-up. In order to raise
money from Chinese investors, the start-up ecosystem has been quite encouraging after being selected in
Google's accelerating program. Google selected six Indian startups to accelerate the program in July 2017.
Start-up has been selected to start using the latest technologies like machine learning and artificial
intelligence. The start-up ecosystem is expected to play an important role in government initiatives in the
bright future. For instance, the Department of Commerce and Industry of India is planning to start a
dialogue to exchange new ideas in South Asia regions and to believe in start-up.

Start-ups are now focused on cutting losses, increasing their overall evaluation and achieving operational
excellence. Supporting these qualities and government with positive sentiments of investors In the near
future, India's start-up ecosystem will reach new heights. For start-up culture, such platforms are required
to bring together different start-ups and investors to experiment, develop, learn and remove.

From engaging with academia, industry, investors, small and big entrepreneurs, non-governmental
organizations to the most underserved sections of society.  

A few of India’s efforts at promoting entrepreneurship and innovation are:

1) Start-up India:

Through the Start-ups India initiative, Government of India promotes entrepreneurship by

mentoring, nurturing and facilitating start-ups throughout their life cycle. Since its launch
in January 2016, the initiative has successfully given a head start to numerous aspiring
entrepreneurs. With a 360 degree approach to enable start-ups, the initiative provides a
comprehensive four-week free online learning program, has set up research parks,
incubators and start-up centres across the country by creating a strong network of academia
and industry bodies. More importantly, a‘Fund of Funds’ has been created to help start-ups
gain access to funding. At the core of the initiative is the effort to build an ecosystem in
which start-ups can innovate and excel without any barriers, through such mechanisms as
 online recognition of start-ups, Start-ups India Learning Programme, Facilitated Patent
filing, Easy Compliance Norms, Relaxed Procurement Norms, incubator support,
innovation focused programmes for students, funding support, tax benefits and addressing
of regulatoryissues.

2) Make in India:

Designed to transform India into a global design and manufacturing hub, the Make in India
initiative was launched in September 2014. It came as a powerful call to India’s citizens and
business leaders, and an invitation to potential partners and investors around the world to
overhaul out-dated processes and policies, and centralize information about opportunities in
India’s manufacturing sector. This has led to renewed confidence in India’s capabilities among
potential partners abroad, business community within the country and citizens at large. The plan
behind Make in India was one of the largest undertaken in recent history. Among several other
measures, the initiative has ensured the replacement of obsolete and obstructive frameworks with
transparent and user-friendly systems. This has in turn helped procure investments, foster
innovation, develop skills, protect intellectual property and build best-in-class
manufacturinginfrastructure.

3) Atal Innovation Mission (AIM):

AIM is the Government of India’s endeavour to promote a culture of innovation and

entrepreneurship, and it serves as a platform for promotion of world-class Innovation Hubs,
Grand Challenges, start-up businesses and other self-employment activities, particularly in
technology driven areas. In order to foster curiosity, creativity and imagination right at the
school, AIM recently launched Atal Tinkering Labs (ATL) across India. ATLs are workspaces
where students can work with tools and equipment to gain hands-on training in the concepts of
STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math). Atal Incubation Centres (AICs) are another
programme of AIM created to build innovative start-up businesses as scalable and sustainable
enterprises. AICs provide world class incubation facilities with appropriate physical infrastructure
in terms of capital equipment and operating facilities. These incubation centres, with a presence
across India, provide access to sectoral experts, business planning support, seed capital, industry
partners and trainings to encourage innovative start-ups.

4) Support to Training and Employment Programme for Women (STEP):

STEP was launched by the Government of India’s Ministry of Women and Child Development to
train women with no access to formal skill training facilities, especially in rural India. The
Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship and NITI Aayog recently redrafted the
Guidelines of the 30-year-old initiative to adapt to present-day needs. The initiative reaches out to
all Indian women above 16 years of age. The programme imparts skills in several sectors such as
agriculture, horticulture, food processing, handlooms, traditional crafts like embroidery, travel
and tourism, hospitality, computer and IT services.

5) Jan Dhan- Aadhaar- Mobile (JAM):

JAM, for the first time, is a technological intervention that enables direct transfer of subsidies to
intended beneficiaries and, therefore, eliminates all intermediaries and leakages in the system,
which has a protential impact on the lives of millions of Indian citizens. Besides serving as a vital
check on corruption, JAM provides for accounts to all underserved regions, in order to make
banking services accessible down to the last mile.

6) Digital India:

 The Digital India initiative was launched to modernize the Indian economy to makes all
government services available electronically. The initiative aims to transform India into a
digitally-empowered society and knowledge economy with universal access to goods and services.
Given historically poor internet penetration, this initiative aims to make available high-speed
internet down to the grassroots. This program aims to improve citizen participation in the digital
and financial space, make India’s cyberspace safer and more secure,abd improve ease of doing
business. Digital India hopes to achieve equity and efficiency in a country with immense diversity
by making digital resources and services available in all Indian languages.

7) Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC): 

BIRAC is a not-for-profit Public-Sector Enterprise, set up by Department of Biotechnology to

strengthen and empower emerging biotechnology enterprises. It aims to embed strategic research
and innovation in all biotech enterprises, and bridge the existing gaps between industry and
academia. The ultimate goal is to develop high-quality, yet affordable, products with the use of
cutting edge technologies. BIRAC has initiated partnerships with several national and global
partners for building capacities of the Indian biotech industry, particularly start-ups and SME’s,
and has facilitated several rapid developments in medical technology.

8) Department of Science and Technology (DST):

The DST comprises several arms that work across the spectrum on all major projects that require
scientific and technological intervention. The Technology Interventions for Disabled and Elderly,
for instance, provides technological solutions to address challenges and improve quality of life of
the elderly in India through the application of science and technology. On the other hand,
the ASEAN-India Science, Technology and Innovation  Cooperation works to narrow the
development gap and enhance connectivity between the ASEAN countries. It encourages
cooperation in science, technology and innovation through joint research across sectors and
provides fellowships to scientists and researchers from ASEAN member states with Indian R&D/
academic institutions to upgrade their research skills and expertise.

9) Stand-Up India:

 Launched in 2015, Stand-Up India seeks to leverage institutional credit for the benefit of India’s
underprivileged. It aims to enable economic participation of, and share the benefits of India’s
growth, among women entrepreneurs, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. Towards this end,
at least one women and one individual from the SC or ST communities are granted loans between
Rs.1 million to Rs.10 million to set up greenfield enterprises in manufacturing, services or the
trading sector. The Stand-Up India portal also acts as a digital platform for small entrepreneurs
and provides information on financing and credit guarantee.

10) Trade related Entrepreneurship Assistance and Development (TREAD): 

To address the critical issues of access to credit among India’s underprivileged women, the
TREAD programme enables credit availability to interested women through non-governmental
organizations (NGOs). As such, women can receive support of registered NGOs in both accessing
loan facilities, and receiving counselling and training opportunities to kick-start proposed
enterprises, in order to provide pathways for women to take up non-farm activities.

11) Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY): 

A flagship initiative of the Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship (MSDE), this is a
Skill Certification initiative that aims to train youth in industry-relevant skills to enhance
opportunities for livelihood creation and employability. Individuals with prior learning experience
or skills are also assessed and certified as a Recognition of Prior Learning. Training and
Assessment fees are entirely borne by the Government under this program.

12) National Skill Development Mission: 

Launched in July 2015, the mission aims to build synergies across sectors and States in skilled
industries and initiatives. With a vision to build a ‘Skilled India’ it is designed to expedite
decision-making across sectors to provide skills at scale, without compromising on quality or
speed.

The seven sub-missions proposed in the initial phase to guide the mission’s skilling efforts across
India are:

(i) Institutional Training

(ii) Infrastructure

(iii) Convergence

(iv) Trainers

(v) Overseas Employment

(vi) Sustainable Livelihoods

(vii) Leveraging Public Infrastructure. 

13) Science for Equity Empowerment and Development (SEED): 

SEED aims to provide opportunities to motivated scientists and field level workers to undertake
action-oriented, location specific projects for socio-economic gain, particularly in rural areas.
Efforts have been made to associate national labs and other specialist S&T institutions with
innovations at the grassroots to enable access to inputs from experts, quality infrastructure. SEED
emphasizes equity in development, so that the benefits of technological accrue to a vast section of
the population, particularly the disadvantage

What are the Indian states doing to promote entrepreneurship?

Honourable Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s historical Independence Day speech seems to have
galvanised the nation into action, with his emphatic mentions of Skill India movement and the ‘Make in
India’ statement inviting multinationals to leverage India for manufacturing. In the wake of these
announcements that can have far reaching impact on the Indian ecosystem, we looked at the various states
and their maturity in encouraging startups and entrepreneurs. In the 1960s, the entrepreneurial movement
began in India in a small way with the establishment of NISIET (National Institute of Small Industry
Extension Training) for promoting and encouraging entrepreneurship amongst the people of India. India
has taken many steps since then in building up a startup ecosystem. The recent financial budget presented
by the Finance Minister, Arun Jaitley appears to be very promising for young entrepreneurs with the INR
10,000 crore startup fund announced among other things. However, not all 29 states and 7 union
territories are at the same level in terms of encouraging entrepreneurship on Indian soil. Some states are
more advanced in terms of their policy implementation due to various historical, political, law and
infrastructural conditions.

Some of the startup friendly states are listed below along with major initiatives.

1. Karnataka

The government of Karnataka is aiming to make Karnataka the unequivocal IT innovation and startup
capital in the world by drafting a new Startup Act, the first of its kind in the country, in the next two
months. In order to strengthen the academia-industry relations, as part of the 'Karnataka New Age
Incubation Network' the government has granted INR 5 lakh to nine colleges to fund research on projects
solving local problems. There are many facilities provided by the government to the startup community of
the state, like plug-and-play space with internet at a reasonable rate of Rs 5-15 per square feet. It is also
planning to set up two new venture funds and a network of incubators in small cities to boost up the
entrepreneurial activity in the state. Women-founded companies may get free incubation space for six
months in the coming future. For providing global exposure and mentorship to the startups of the state,
the United Kingdom Trade and Investment board and the Karnataka Information Technology Venture
Capital Fund have inked a partnership recently. The NASSCOM 10,000 startups initiative too has set up a
warehouse in Bangalore for startups to function out of and collaborate while getting structured
mentorship.

2. Kerala

A few weeks ago, the government of Kerala has decided to invest 1% of the state’s budget (approximately
INR 500 crore) in the nascent startups of the state. The entrepreneurship culture of the state was
previously restricted only to trade, transport and tourism with active trade unions. The public sector
training institute, namely Kerala Institute for Entrepreneurship Development (KIED) has been set up to
foster and encourage the entrepreneurship spirit of the youth of the state. Under the Student
Entrepreneurship Scheme there is a 20 per cent attendance relaxation and 4 percent grace marks for the
students who pursue entrepreneurship and innovation during their studies. The Startup Village of Kochi
was established through a public private partnership to incubate around 10,000 product startups over a
period of 10 years. At the grassroot level a Panchayat-level scheme, the Kerala State Self Entrepreneur
Development Mission (KSSEDM) was set up to provide training and soft loans of up to INR 20 lakhs to
10 select entrepreneurs in each Panchayat to start an enterprise.

3. West Bengal

According to the claims of the current Chief Minister Mamta Banerjee, West Bengal has become the
leading state in India in terms of credit flow in the micro and small scale Industries (MSME) sector. 
According to her, this has been possible due to the persistent follow up of the West Bengal government in
providing entrepreneurs all necessary assistance for setting up and running business successfully. The
state government has set up myEnterprise.wb.gov.in as the single window for all applications, information
and all forms. The government has also tied up with IIM-Calcutta for training officials to go over each
district educating and assisting all prospective entrepreneurs with everything they need to start their own
ventures. The target is to create 4000-5000 new entrepreneurs along with helping existing ones. The state
government in collaboration with Bengal National Chamber of Commerce & Industry has created a non-
profit institute called Enterprise Development Institute for strengthening entrepreneurship with structured
training and certification programs such as Executive Masters of Business Creation & Administration
(EMBCA) and other diplomas. Recently NASSCOM too has offered to build the first ever Incubation
Centre for young and aspiring entrepreneurs in Kolkata.
4. Maharashtra

Mumbai is the financial, commercial and entertainment capital of India. The increased entrepreneurial
activities of the state is due to the presence of technology and business hubs in Pune and Mumbai. IIT-
Bombay e-cell is one of the largest business incubators of the country set up in an educational institute.
The state gives many incentives for backward regions ranging from power tariff subsidy to tax refunds for
MSMEs. It invests up to INR 5 lakh crore with employment generation for 20 lakh people. Maharashtra
Centre for Entrepreneurship Development is an autonomous body under the Department of Industries,
which has 8 different offices across the state. The MCED offers entrepreneurship training programs and
other scheduled sessions focused on banking, agritech, food processing and others across different
districts throughout the year. Among other incentives offered are exemptions from stamp duty on the
purchase of land, partial reimbursement of equipment purchased for power and water conservation, rebate
on expenditure on energy and water audit.

5. Delhi NCR

The startups growing in this region are mostly non-tech based startups. The region is the main center of
political and industrial power with good infrastructure and transport services. There are many big investor
and venture funds concentrated in the region. The region is not as well developed as the four states
mentioned above in terms of support and initiatives. The IIT-Delhi entrepreneurship cell runs multiple
small programs that are more informative in nature. The state government does has some support
initiatives for handloom, handicrafts and women entrepreneurship through its industries department.

6.Gujarat

The state offers good infrastructure and business environment for the startup enthusiasts.The Gujarati
entrepreneurial DNA and the high investment & deal-making potentials are key reasons which make the
state’s ecosystem extremely attractive. Under the leadership of Narendra Modi when he was the chief
minister of the state, Gujarat has set up a world class Center of Excellence in Entrepreneurship &
Technology with its own incubation center. The centre is guided by an advisory council led by NR
Narayana Murthy. It follows a model of idea identification through SparkUps at colleges, followed by
grooming and then formal incubation to take the startup to the next level.  There is also the
Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, an autonomous and non-profit institute setup in 1983
and supported by the state government. It has helped set up twelve state-level centres and also runs a
premier PGDM-BE, a full time two year residential program for entrepreneurs and managers. The
presence of Center of Innovation, Incubation and Entrepreneurship (CIIE), IIMA also provides a large
platform for the youth entrepreneurs of the state.

7.Tamil Nadu

Tamil Nadu is known as the “Detroit of India” as it hosts the manufacturing centers of the
big international automobile companies like Ford and Hyundai. Given the automotive hub, there has been
a tremendous growth in the ancillary and part supplier ecosystem that work closely with these OEMs. The
entrepreneurial activities of the state are concentrated mostly in Chennai because of the presence of many
big business parks and IITM incubation cell and also because it offers a strong local networking
environment for the budding entrepreneurs of the state. The Center for Entrepreneurship Development
CED has established an IT Incubation Center where 80 IT entrepreneurs can be supported at a time. The
government has also committed that the subsidy given to entrepreneurs on machines and equipments is
being hiked from 15 to 25 per cent up to a ceiling of INR 30 lakh. The state has also doubled the funding
given for New Entrepreneur Cum Enterprise Development (NEED) to INR 100 crore which will be
utilised for capital subsidy of 25 per cent and training support.

8. Andhra Pradesh/Telangana

The status of entrepreneurship in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana is in its developmental

stage. Association of Lady Entrepreneurs of Andhra Pradesh (ALEAP) organises many training programs
through their networks to empower women to earn a sustainable living. ALEAP has also supported the
Center for Entrepreneurship Development CED which runs entrepreneurship training programs.
Hyderabad and Visakhapatnam are the technology and business hubs of the state. The state government is
also in talks with the Kerala government to share lessons and set up something similar to the Startup
Village which has seen tremendous traction over the years.A few months back ISB Hyderabad’s
incubation centre Wadhwani Center for Entrepreneurship Development launched an open accelerator
named Dlabs for the budding entrepreneurs of the country.

Many other states such as Goa and Odisha are taking measures and instituting programs on similar lines
to build out the ecosystem in their states. In addition to these state specific programs, there are certain
training programs and support initiatives organised by central government institutions such as National
Science & Technology Entrepreneurship Development and National Institute for Entrepreneurship and
Small Business Development.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE
1) Leff (1978) Development of banking institution that allows firms to obtain formal finance
promoting entrepreneurship. Also the improvement in the flow of communication among firms,
reduced cost of gathering information and facilitating the diffusion of technological and
managerial expertise promote entrepreneurship.
2) King and Levine (1993) they found that financial system affect the entrepreneurial activity that
affects in four ways (a) financial system choose the most promising projects after evaluating (b)
financial system help in mobilizing of funds (c) financial system allow investor to diversify the
risk associated with uncertain innovative activities (d) financial system reward to engage in
innovation relative to confirmation of existing knowledge. Better financial system stimulates
foster productivity growth and growth per capita output. They suggest that government policies
toward financial system may have an important causal effect on long term growth.
3) Smallbone and Welter (2001) Entrepreneurs contribute to economic development in terms of job
creation, innovation and external income generation depending upon priorities and different stage
of market reform. The authors suggested direct support to SMEs to overcome immediate
difficulties to strengthen their potential for development and growth.
4) Carland and Carland (2004) studied the impact of entrepreneurship on employment and economic
development of United States. They found that firms with less than twentyemployees have greatest
impact for the decade of 1990’s. they suggested that the firm has great potential for future
 economic development. Also, economic policy changes should be specifically to boost
entrepreneurship.
5) Naude (2008) Entrepreneurship has important role to play in fostering from a predominantly
traditional / agrarian economy to modern economy. With innovation driven growth productivity is
increased in advanced countries. self-employment, start-up and credit market determine quantity
and quality of entrepreneurship. They found that low entrepreneurial activity contribute to
economic stagnation and even developmental gap.
6) It has been established that entrepreneurship is a very vital ingredient for job creation as well as
economic development as the success of income generation for the major group of both rural and
urban inhabitants without recognized paid job highly depends on entrepreneurship. The
relationship between entrepreneurship and economic development has been studied extensively
both at the local, state and federal levels. Kumar and Liu study reveal that entrepreneurial sector
contribution to employment and GDP is on the increase. For this reason suggested that
governments should minimize the constraints on entrepreneurship.
7) In the case of government support policies, it is assumed that since government is in the lead for
entrepreneurial development, it should provide the much needed resources within its capability.
Such resources include provision of environment conducive to business that will highly promote
entrepreneurship. Government policy in this context is any course of action which aims at
regulating and improving the conditions of SMEs in terms of supportive, implementation and
funding policies by the government. Based on this definition, government policy as it relates to
entrepreneurial practice is targeted at encouraging entrepreneurship by making a favourable
environment for the entrepreneurs. This, it does through enactment of guidelines that will regulate
entrepreneurial activity generally for the reason that entrepreneurship is the bedrock of a nation’s
path to industrialization. Furthermore, government needs to enact policies that would be user
friendly to the entrepreneurs. Pals argued that there is a need for government policies as they relate
to entrepreneurship to be successfully implemented irrespective of which administration is in
power in order to achieve the goals of the guideline which often times is always lacking.
8) Sangram Keshari Mohanty (2005) This study exposes the readers to the entrepreneurial culture
and industrial growth in India. The intricate theories involved in entrepreneurship are explained in
a step-by-step manner, supported by a large number of tables and figures. The 48 thorough
discussion on promotion of venture and raising of funds is aimed at enabling the potential
entrepreneurs to set up and successfully manage their own small business units. Separate chapters
on Women Entrepreneurship and Rural Entrepreneurship make this text a class apart. Besides
undergraduate students of commerce, students of management and EDP trainers will also find this
text extremely useful.
9) Anil K. Lal and Ronald W. Clemen (2005) The Indian economy provides a revealing contrast
between how individuals react under a government-controlled environment and how they respond
to a market-based environment. Evidence suggests that recent market reforms that encouraged
individual enterprise have led to higher economic growth in that country. India can generate
additional economic growth by fostering entrepreneurial activity within its borders. To pursue
further the entrepreneurial approach to economic growth, India must now provide opportunities
for education directed specifically at entrepreneurial skills, financing of entrepreneurial efforts,
and networking among potential entrepreneurs and their experienced counterparts. Further,
although the Indian government should establish policies supportive of entrepreneurial efforts, its
role overall should be minimized so that the influence of the free market and individual selfinterest
can be fully realized.
10) Abhishek Goel and Neharika Vohra (2006) This study argues that social support is an important
enabler in entrepreneurial activity in a country or a region. One untested assumption in policy
making has been that all regions are equally desirous of entrepreneurial activity and one policy
could address issues in all regions. It was argued that attitudes towards entrepreneurs and
entrepreneurship are important determinants for future entrepreneurial activity. These attitudes
would be impacted by the familial occupational background of an individual and entrepreneurial
development of the region which he/she comes from. It was hypothesized that more positive
attitude would be seen in people form entrepreneurial backgrounds, and entrepreneurially more
developed regions. These hypotheses were tested on more than 5,000 respondents in India and
China. The results for familial occupational background’s influence on attitudes found strong
support in both India and China. Regional development showed stronger influence on attitude in
India than in China. The findings, issues around measurement of attitudes in crosscultural study,
and implications for policy making are discussed.
11) Jainendra Kumar Verma (2007) Entrepreneurship is one of the most important inputs in the
economic development of a country. Entrepreneurs play a central role in the economy by
establishing firms, which in turn create markets and organizations. An individual engages in
entrepreneurial activities before the firm is established and 50 then becomes an owner after the
firm is established. In the case of India, Entrepreneur have performed below expectation due to a
combination of different problems themselves through environmental related factors, instability of
governments and frequent government policy changes etc. Entrepreneurship Promotions should
thus ensure the availability or possession of managerial capacity and acumen before pursuing
financial resources for the development of the respective enterprise. The study is to develop and
analyse the contributions of entrepreneurship in the economic development in India. Whereas both
the positive as well as the negative impact of entrepreneurship on the economy has been discussed.
12) Sultan Rehman Sherief (2008) this study has attempted to set out the key issues related to
entrepreneurship in the context of its relationship with rural development. The analysis is then
broadened to understand the determinants of rural entrepreneurship and the environment
conducive to its development. Consequently the policies that are necessary to make this
environment favorable have been discussed in detail. The generic constraints that are faced by
rural enterprises have been listed out. The conclusion is that to accelerate economic development
in rural areas, it is necessary to promote entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurial orientation in rural
areas is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and subsequent growth of indigenous
companies. This in turn would create jobs and add economic value to a region, and at 52 the same
time it will keep scarce resources within the community.
13) K. Lavanya Lathaa, C. Madhavaiah and Murthy (2008) In a developing country like India;
Small Scale Entrepreneurship plays a significant role in economic development of the country.
These industries, by and large represent a stage in economic transition from traditional to modern
technology after globalization. The variation in transitional nature of this process is reflected in the
diversity of these industries. Most of the small scale industries use simple skills and machinery.
Besides playing economic role in the country, small scale industries, because of their unique
economic and organizational characteristics, also play social and political role in local
employment creation, balanced resource utilization, income generation and in helping to promote
change in a gradual and peaceful manner. The study of entrepreneurship is essential not only to
solve the problem of industrial development but also to solve the problems of unemployment,
unbalanced areas development, concentration of economic power and diversion of profits from
traditional avenues of investment. In this backdrop, the study attempts to get insights to review, in
brief, the evolution of the concept of entrepreneurship, the definition of small scale enterprises and
also to study the small scale entrepreneurship in India.
14) Antara Kirkire (2009) Entrepreneurship is considered as an important pre-requisite for economic
development. In 53 a developing nation's economy it is the micro and small enterprises which play
a vital role. They not only give employment to large number of people but also support big
industries by supplying raw material, basic goods, finished parts and components. This study is an
attempt to explore possibilities for micro enterprise development in Indore city and a hub for
major business activities.
15) Nimit Chowdhary and Monika Prakash (2010) this study investigates the less than acceptable
performance of rural entrepreneurship development programmes in the state of Rajasthan (India).
A case study method of research was deployed seeking feedback of participants of three
entrepreneurship development programmes. Feedback was obtained from those who completed
the EDP programme and those who either did not attend the programme or dropped out at some
 stage. Investigation resulted into identification of several areas of inadequate performance choice
and deployment of faculty, course material, expectations of the participants, timing, delivery and
focus of the programme. Authors recommend a major shift in delivery of these programmes. In
place of a fixed duration one-off programme, authors suggest institutionalizing an
entrepreneurship development process. The study departs from earlier studies those suggest some
disparate improvements against the immediate problems identified. The study strongly argues a
radical rethink in delivery of the contents as part of continuous ongoing hierarchical process.
16) N. Santhi and S. Rajesh Kumar (2011) True entrepreneurs are resourceful, passionate and
driven to succeed and improve. They're pioneers and are comfortable fighting on the frontline. The
great ones are ready to be laughed at and criticized in the beginning because they can see their
path ahead and are too busy working towards their dream. An entrepreneur is a businessperson
who not only conceives and organizes ventures but also frequently takes risks in doing so. Not all
independent business people are true entrepreneurs, and not all entrepreneurs are created equal.
Different degrees or levels of entrepreneurial intensity and drive depend upon how much
independence one exhibits, the level of leadership and innovation they demonstrate, how much
responsibility they shoulder, and how creative they become in envisioning and executing their
business plans. This study focuses and provides an insight into the meaning, qualities required for
an entrepreneur, opportunities and challenges faced by them and at last with a small discussion on
entrepreneurship as a career.
17) S. Mohan and R. Revathi (2012) It is a fact that individuals can be developed, their outlook can
be changed and their ideas can be given true shape of enterprise through an organized and
systematic training programme. Entrepreneurial training aims at arousing and reforming the
entrepreneurial behaviour in the day to day activities and helping them develop their own ventures
or enterprises as a result of their learning or training. Development of an entrepreneur means
inculcating entrepreneurial traits in a person, imparting requisite knowledge, developing the
technical, managerial, financial and marketing skills and building the entrepreneurial attitude. The
process of entrepreneurial training involves equipping a person with the information needed for
enterprise building and sharpening his entrepreneurial skills.
18) Nishikant C Dhande (2012) Considering the power within the vocational education as a tool to
eradicate the poverty and bridge the gap between the ‘haves’ and ‘have not’, it is interesting to
have a look at development of entrepreneurship through vocational education in Marathwada
beyond the traditional way. The development of Entrepreneurship through vocational education
has the capacity to empower the socially and economically backward part of the society by
providing them the technical knowledge, skill, confidence through the education & training. Thus
 it can be used as an effective tool for bringing up social change, social justice and up-liftment of
socioeconomic status of the region.
19) Kalam Pramod and Sunil Bhavsar (2012) The study shows the study of entrepreneurship
development in small scale industries in Maharashtra with special reference to Beed district. The
study examines the role of entrepreneurship in the development of SSI. It shows the emphasis of
entrepreneurship for the generation of employment. The study is based on primary and secondary
data. The primary data was collected with the samples while secondary data was collected from
population census, statistical reports, Industrial Reports of Government of Maharashtra, annual
survey of industries etc. The study reveals that Customer, Land, Raw Material and nearest market
place played very important role in entrepreneurship development in small business.
20) Pankaj Vyavahare and Shilpa Bendal (2012) Sustainable agriculture is an important issue in
India. A balance between People, Planet and Profit is necessary to create sustainable agriculture.
Entrepreneurial qualities are important for farmers to maintain this balance in particular situation.
Therefore a new branch of entrepreneurship is i.e. 58 Agri-prenuership is existing. Agri-preneur is
defined as, an entrepreneur whose main business is an agriculture or agriculture-related. This
study focuses on promotion of agro business through entrepreneurship development, NABARD
assistance & SHG which helps to understand the issues & opportunities.
21) Hawa A. G (2012) In this article, the researcher have discussed about MIDC’s work and how
MIDC helps to develop industrial hubs in Maharashtra , Actually MIDC has been playing the
major role in the welfare a the state since 1960. Due to MIDC many changes have taken place in
business as well as in industrial field MIDC has undertaken the various projects in Maharashtra. It
has brought the revolutionary changes in IT Park, wine park BT Park, Food Park and chemical
zone. The researcher has gone the study of MIDC. He has made the conclusion that MIDC is the
key factor in the industrial and economic progress of Maharashtra.
22) Jitendra Ahirrao (2013) Entrepreneurship has assumed prime importance, both in research and in
action, for accelerating economic growth. An entrepreneur is a critical factor who strives to
reorient the national strategies and bring out the desired changes in the development pattern.
Contrary to the earlier belief that entrepreneurs are a special creed and are born with special traits,
entrepreneurship can be cultivated through proper training and financial support. An entrepreneur
is a catalyst who can mobilize different resources and put them to effective use. Women constitute
the backbone of any nation. Prosperity of the nation depends upon the prosperity of its women.
However, the role played by rural women in economic development has not been assigned
sufficient importance. Women face gender-specific barriers in access to education, health and
employment. Again, women have little control over the assets. Women are often under-paid or
unpaid for their work. Their contribution to society and the economy are often ignored.
 Encouraging women, particularly in rural areas, to set up small enterprises is an effective method
to promote their welfare, development and empowerment.

METHODOLOGY

Objective:-

 To understand the importance of entrepreneurship.

 What are the steps taken by government to promote entrepreneurship?
 To understand the growth of entrepreneurship in India
Source of Data:-

The research method is basically a way to collect data. The information about research is as follows: The
study is primarily based on secondary data.

Limitations of the study:-

Though it is an in depth analysis, it is not free from the limitations. The following are the limitations of
this study:

 Limited sources for data collection.

 The study was completed in short period. Lack of time for study.
 The overall research is based on information given by the different sources.

RESULTS

Start-Up Motive

Start-up aims include entrepreneurial intentions, which motivate business people to become
entrepreneurs. Many factors can be attributed to it, including enthusiasm for incorporating
enthusiasm, creating a successful organization, effectively using effective talent, a master among
others and enthusiasm for becoming a freedom. When the start-up firm has the motive to start a
business, then he wants to create a successful organization in the future. The result of the creation
of a successful organization will be the cause of economic growth through employment
generation, SME development as well as through asset creation.

Risk Taking

Risk taking is defined as the practice of doing things in which the risks of reward are
involved.Various definitions and concepts regarding creation have been available until this time
risk taking on this concept. In Entrepreneurship literature, said that the concept of handling risk
and uncertainty through economic theory in the 18th century was upgraded by Cantilena in 1931
said that a key element that separates an entrepreneur from rent was the employee's risk of
embedding in uncertainty and self-employment. According to this concept, describes the risk taker
as the person who pursues business ideas with the prospect of success. When an entrepreneur is
successful, there is a tendency to expand his business and include more people in employment,
thereby making money in the field of wealth and economic development. Entrepreneurship helps
in bringing economic development through wealth building, employment generation and increased
competitiveness of existing SMEs. When employment is generated and the number of
entrepreneurs or SME increases, economic development or development usually happens. When
there are many SMEs in the area, these firms have a tendency to employ local people. In addition,
Entrepreneurship Development described as a major Annabelle of Economic Development. Apart
from this, it is generally accepted by many scholars that Entrepreneurship is the engine of
economic development.

Supportive Government Policies

Since the government is especially under the leadership of expertise, sponsorship and
administration in developing countries, so a declaration from the government is related to
entrepreneurship, it will take a long way to ensure sustainability and positive entrepreneurship
practice. Thus, it will bring economic development through SME development, job creation as
well as money creation. Several studies have been conducted in relation to the development of
entrepreneurship and the role of government policies in its effect on economic development.

Policy Implementation
The policy chart does a course and provides blue prints for the implementation of government
programs. It guides the government's thinking in the implementation of a program and defines its
direction. One point in points is the government and administration of public institutions in
Nigeria, which is basically based on government-generated policies, these policies are often
beautiful and available on paper, however, there is always a problem in implementing these
policies. Many factors of governance and willpower to fulfil them.

Government Funding
Access to monetary services is one of the key factors for the continuing existence of an essential
element in entrepreneurship practice with new newly formed firms. Shoo reports that the
government uses direct subsidies, tax incentives and government procurement to invest a large
 amount of resources in the entrepreneurial process. To achieve economic growth through
entrepreneurship, there should be a funding pattern by which the support program will be funded
continuously. The program should be funded on the basis of a policy document that establishes a
support program. Different research contributions in government policy have been contradictory
and helpful. Studies have shown that government policy is positively related to entrepreneurship.
On the contrary, in other studies government policy was found to be related to entrepreneurship
related. As a result, the above mentioned discourses show that a paradox in the role of government
policy to encourage entrepreneurship in particular in developing countries. When there are many
SMEs in the area, local companies have the tendency to employ these firms as a result of
government aid programs.

DISCUSSION

 Government putting their efforts to promote entrepreneurship.

 Policies should be adopted by all entrepreneurs.
 Start-up aims include entrepreneurial intentions, which motivate business people to become
entrepreneurs.

 Access to monetary services is one of the key factors for the continuing existence of an essential
element in entrepreneurship practice with new newly formed firms.

 The program should be funded on the basis of a policy document that establishes a support
program.

 Entrepreneurship helps in bringing economic development through wealth building, employment

generation and increased competitiveness of existing SMEs.
 The result of the creation of a successful organization will be the cause of economic growth
through employment generation, SME development as well as through asset creation.
 CONCLUSION
Recent policy reforms clearly show that the government is taking advantage of skill development to
ensure continuous entrepreneurship development in the country. However, for the analysis of the results
of these initiatives on a periodic basis and to avoid overlapping of the activities established by the newly
established government agencies and programs, appropriate supervision and monitoring mechanism
should be set. According to the citizens, it still seems that corruption and delay prevents the development
of entrepreneurship in India, while others feel funding as the main problem. In this way, the effectiveness
of recent policy reforms should be examined by analyzing the benefits provided by entrepreneurs on a
regular basis so that these initiatives can provide maximum results compared to the possibilities of
previous results. Therefore, the mission of the 'Start-up India' government should go beyond digital or
technology start-up, and entrepreneurship in the manufacturing sector, incentives to drive in India and be
able to cooperate at special grass level so that society The self-employment classes provide opportunities
for technical constraints.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY/REFERENCES

https://apps.aima.in/ejournal_new/articlespdf/342-amit.pdf

https://chimc.in/admin/files/Gurendra%20Nath%20Bhardwajpdf.pdf

www.journal.bonfring.org/papers/iems/volume1/BIJIEMS-01-1004.pdf

www.grovine.com/indian-startups-current-scenario-and-key-highlights-of-2017