•Plagiarism is presenting someone else's

work or ideas as your own, with or without

their consent, by incorporating it into your
work without full acknowledgement. All
published and unpublished material, whether in
manuscript, printed or electronic form, is
covered under this definition.
•Plagiarism is to steal and pass off (the
ideas or words of another) as one's own •
to use (another's production) without
crediting the source • to commit literary theft
• to present as new and original an idea or
product derived from an existing source. In
other words, plagiarism is an act of fraud.
•Plagiarism is essentially theft and fraud
committed simultaneously. It is
considered theft because the writer
takes ideas from a source without
giving proper credit to the author. It is
considered fraud because the writer
represents the ideas as her or his own.
There are different types of plagiarism, and all are serious
violations of academic honesty. We have defined the most
common types below and have provided links to examples.

•Direct Plagiarism
Direct plagiarism is the word-for-word transcription of a
section of someone else’s work, without attribution and
without quotation marks. The deliberate plagiarism of
someone else's work is unethical, academically dishonest,
and grounds for disciplinary actions, including expulsion.
•Self Plagiarism
Self-plagiarism occurs when a student submits his or her
own previous work, or mixes parts of previous works, without
permission from all professors involved. For example, it would
be unacceptable to incorporate part of a term paper you wrote
in high school into a paper assigned in a college course. Self-
plagiarism also applies to submitting the same piece of work for
assignments in different classes without previous permission
from both professors.
•Mosaic Plagiarism
Mosaic Plagiarism occurs when a student borrows
phrases from a source without using quotation marks
or finds synonyms for the author’s language while
keeping to the same general structure and meaning of
the original. Sometimes called “patch writing,” this kind
of paraphrasing, whether intentional or not, is
academically dishonest and punishable – even if you
footnote your source!
•Accidental Plagiarism
Accidental plagiarism occurs when a person neglects to cite
their sources, or misquotes their sources, or unintentionally
paraphrases a source by using similar words, groups of words,
and/or sentence structure without attribution. Students must
learn how to cite their sources and to take careful and accurate
notes when doing research. Lack of intent does not absolve the
student of responsibility for plagiarism. Cases of accidental
plagiarism are taken as seriously as any other plagiarism and
are subject to the same range of consequences as other types
of plagiarism.
• As a “Golden Rule” you
should always remember
to give credit where credit
is due. In other words, if the
idea is not completely your
own, you must cite the source
(journal, magazine, book,
internet site, etc,) where the
information was found.
Otherwise, you could be at
risk of plagiarizing.
Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE

BETWEEN THE THREE WAYS OF
INCORPORATING OTHER
WRITERS' WORK INTO YOUR OWN
WRITING?

PowerPoint Presentation by Regina Navejar

Adopted from SlideShare
 What is plagiarism?

Is copying just a sentence or two without crediting a

source plagiarism?

Is it OK to paraphrase what another has written

without correctly citing the author?

Is it OK to use information or ideas without

crediting the source if the exact words are not used?

Can you use parts of a friend's paper as your own if

he or she says it's OK?
Why do we use quotes, paraphrases, and summaries?

 To provide support for claims or add credibility to your

writing

 To refer to work that leads up to the work you are now doing

 To give examples of several points of view on a subject

 To highlight a particularly striking phrase, sentence, or

passage by quoting the original

 To expand the breadth or depth of your writing

 QUOTING

 Quotations must…

 Be identical to the original

 Use a narrow segment of the source

 Match the source document word for word

 Be attributed to the original author

 PARAPHRASING

 Involves putting a passage from source material into your own words

 Paraphrased material must also be attributed to the source

 A paraphrase is usually shorter than the original passage

 SUMMARIZING

 Involves putting the main idea(s) into your own

words, including only the main points

 Summaries must also be attributed to the source

 Summaries are significantly shorter than the

original and give a broad overview of the source
material
 Six Steps to Effective Paraphrasing
1. Reread the original passage until you
understand its full meaning. You can’t
paraphrase what you don’t understand.

2. Set the original aside, and write your paraphrase

on a note card.

3. Jot down a few words below your paraphrase to

remind you later how you envision using this
material. At the top of the note card, write a key
word or phrase to indicate the subject of your
paraphrase.
Six Steps to Effective Paraphrasing

4. Check your version with the original to make

sure that your version accurately expresses all
the essential information in a new form.

5. Use quotation marks to identify any unique

term or phraseology you have borrowed exactly
from the source.

6. Record the source (including the page) on your

note card so that you can credit it easily if you
decide to incorporate the material into your
paper.
 Original Passage:
Students frequently overuse direct quotation in taking notes, and as a result
they overuse quotations in the final [research] paper. Probably only about
10% of your final manuscript should appear as directly quoted matter.
Therefore, you should strive to limit the amount of exact transcribing of
source material while taking notes.
Lester, James D. Writing Research Papers. 2nd ed. (1976): 4647.
A Legitimate Paraphrase: An Acceptable Summary:
In research papers students often quote Students should take just a few notes
excessively, failing to keep quoted in direct quotation from sources to help
material down to a desirable level.
Since the problem usually originates minimize the amount of quoted
during note taking, it is essential to material in a research paper (Lester
minimize the material recorded 4647).
verbatim (Lester 4647).
A Plagiarized Version:
Students often use too many direct quotations when they take notes, resulting
in too many of them in the final research paper. In fact, probably only about
10% of the final copy should consist of directly quoted material. So it is
important to limit the amount of source material copied while taking notes.