STANDARD
(According to the drug handbook)
AMOXICILLIN
INDICATIONS/DOSAGES
● To treat ear, nose, throat, GU
tract, skin, and soft-tissue
infections; to treat
pharyngitis,tonsillitis, or both
secondary to Streptococcus
pyogenes infection.
● For patients with impaired renal
function with a glomerular
filtration rate less than 30 ml/min,
dosage reduced to less than 875
mg; for a glomerular filtration rate
of 10 to 30 ml/min dosage
reduced to 500 mg or 250 mg
every 12 hr; for a glomerular
filtration rate less than 10 ml/min
dosage reduced to 500 mg or 250
mg and frequency reduced to
every 24 hr.
CONTRAINDICATION
● Hypersensitivity including severe
reactions (anaphylaxis or
Stevens–Johnson syndrome) to
amoxicillin, other beta-lactam
antibiotics, or their components
CONSIDERATIONS
● It is not known if drug given to
mother during labor has
immediate or delayed adverse
effects on the fetus
● Use drugs cautiously in patients
ACTUAL
(Done by the Patient)
Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid
2mcg/ml
MEDICATION ADMINISTRATION:
● Shake oral suspension well before
each use. Use a calibrated device
to measure dosage.
● Administer oral suspension form
to children by dropping directly on
child’s tongue to swallow. If this
does not work, mix dose of
suspension with formula or cold
drink (milk, fruit juice, ginger ale,
water) and have child drink it
immediately
CAUTION:
● Stop amoxicillin immediately and
provide emergency care as
indicated and ordered if an
allergic reaction occurs
Cefuroxime 64 mcg/ml
MEDICATION ADMINISTRATION:
● Tablet should be swallowed whole
and not chewed, crushed, or split.
● Administer with food.
● Make sure lid on container is put
on tightly
CAUTION
● Cefuroxime may cause diarrhea,
and in some cases it can be
severe. Do not take any
medicine or give medicine to
your child to treat diarrhea
without first checking with your
 with hepatic impairment. Monitor
hepatic and renal function and
CBC, as ordered, in patients on
prolonged therapy. Also use
cautiously in breastfeeding and
elderly patients.
CEFUROXIME
INDICATION/DOSAGE
● Adults and adolescents. 250 or
500 mg every 12 hr for 5 to 10
days.
● To treat lower respiratory tract
infections including pneumonia
caused by E. coli, H. influenzae,
Klebsiella species, S. aureus, S.
pneumoniae, or S. pyogenes
(parenteral); uncomplicated skin
and soft-tissue infections caused
by S. aureus or S. pyogenes (oral)
or Enterobacter species, E. coli,
Klebsiella species, S aureus, or S.
pyogenes (parenteral
CONTRAINDICATION:
● Hypersensitivity to cefuroxime, other
cephalosporins, or their components.
NURSING CONSIDERATION:
● It is not known if drugs can cause
fetal harm.
● Use with caution only if the
benefit to the mother outweighs
the potential risk to the fetus.
● Patient should check with the
prescriber before breastfeeding.
CEFTAZIDIME
INDICATION/DOSAGE
● Adults and children age 12 and over.
doctor. Diarrhea medicines may
make the diarrhea worse or
make it last longer.
Ceftazidime 16 mcg/ml
DRUG ADMINISTRATION
● Protect ceftazidime powder and
reconstituted drug from heat and
light; both tend to darken during
storage.
● Thaw frozen solution at room
temperature, not in a water bath
or microwave. Do not refreeze.
● Don’t use diluents containing
benzyl alcohol when
administering to neonates.
● All drug vials are under reduced
pressure. Carbon dioxide will be
released during dissolution,
causing positive pressure to
develop in the drug vial. For ease
of use, consult recommended
manufacturer techniques for
constitution.
CAUTION
● may cause diarrhea, and in some
cases it can be severe. Do not take
any medicine or give medicine to
your child to treat diarrhea
without first checking with your
doctor. Diarrhea medicines may
make the diarrhea worse or make
it last longer.
Meropenem .25 mcg/ml
DRUG ADMINISTRATION
● For I.V. injection, add 10 ml Sterile
Water for Injection to 500-mg
vial, or 20 ml to 1-g vial of drug.
Shake to dissolve. Administer over
3 to 5 minutes. Once
 2 g every 8 hr.To treat pseudomonal
lung infection in patients with cystic
fibrosis and normal renal function.
● Adults and children 1 month and
over. 30 to 50 mg/kg every 8 hr.
Maximum: 6 g daily.
● Neonates from birth to 4 weeks. 30
mg/kg every 12 hr.
● Dosage reduced to 1 g every 12 hr if
creatinine clearance is 31 to 50
ml/min; to 1 g every 24 hr
● if 16 to 30 ml/min; to 0.5 g every 24
hr if 6 to 15 ml/min; and to 0.5 g
every 48 hr if less than 6
● ml/min
CONTRAINDICATION
● Hypersensitivity to ceftazidime,
other cephalosporins, or their
components
NURSING CONSIDERATION
● It is not known if drug can cause
fetal harm.
● Use with caution only if the Gentamicin 1 mcg/ml
benefit to the mother outweighs DRUG ADMINISTRATION
the potential risk to the fetus.
● Use cautiously in patients with
renal insufficiency, because high
and prolonged serum ceftazidime
concentrations can occur from
usual dosages. This can lead to
asterixis, coma, encephalopathy,
myoclonia, neuromuscular
excitability, nonconvulsive status
epilepticus, and seizures. Ensure
that patients with significant renal
insufficiency are receiving reduced
dosage based on their creatinine
clearance.
reconstituted, may be stored for
up to 3 hours at room temperature
or for 13 hours if refrigerated.
● For I.V. infusion, drug vials may be
directly reconstituted with 0.9%
Sodium Chloride
● Injection or 5% Dextrose Injection.
Alternatively, a drug vial may be
reconstituted then the resulting
solution added to 0.9% Sodium
Chloride Injection or 5% Dextrose
Injection container and further
diluted. Solutions for infusion
should have a concentration
ranging from 1 mg/ml to 20
mg/ml. If mixed with 0.9% Sodium
Chloride Injection, solution may
be stored for 1 hour at room
temperature and up to 15 hours if
refrigerated. If mixed with 5%
● Dextrose Injection, solution must
be used immediately.
● May be the preferred route for
patients with bacterial septicemia
or those in shock. It may also be
the preferred route for patients
with congestive heart failure,
hematologic disorders, severe
burns, or those with reduced
muscle mass.
● Dilute each dose with 50 to 200
ml of 0.9% Sodium Chloride
Injection or 5% Dextrose Injection
to yield no more than 1 mg/ml. In
children, infants, and neonates,
the volume of diluent should be
less.
● Administer as an intermittent

MEROPENEM
INDICATION/DOSAGE
● Infants with gestational age of 32
weeks and over but postnatal age less
than 2 weeks or infants with
gestational age less than 32 weeks
but postnatal age of 2 weeks or over.
20 mg/kg every 8 hr.
● To treat complicated skin and skin
structure infections caused by B.
fragilis, Enterococcus faecalis
(excluding vancomycin-resistant
isolates), E. coli, Peptostreptococcus
species, Proteus mirabilis, P.
aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus,
Streptococcus agalactiae,
S.pyogenes, and viridans group
streptococci.
CONTRAINDICATION
● Hypersensitivity to meropenem,
other carbapenem drugs, beta-
lactams, or their components
CONSIDERATION
● It is not known if drug cause fetal
harm.
● Use with caution only if benefit to
mother outweighs potential risk to
fetus
● Monitor patient closely for diarrhea,
which may indicate
pseudomembranous colitis caused
by Clostridium difficile. If diarrhea
occurs, notify prescriber and expect
to withhold
meropenem and treat with an
antibiotic effective against C.
difficile, and electrolytes,
fluids, and protein.
infusion slowly over 30 minutes to
2 hours.
Cefoxitin 32 mcg/ml
DRUG ADMINISTRATION
● Reconstitute each 1-g vial of drug
with 10 ml Sterile Water for
Injection. For each 2-g vial, use 10
to 20 ml diluent.
● For I.V. injection, give drug slowly
over 3 to 5 minutes through
tubing of a flowing compatible I.V.
solution.
● For I.V. infusion, further dilute
solution in 50 to 100 ml 0.9%
Sodium Chloride Injection or 5%
Dextrose in Water solution.
● Do not use series connections.
● For I.V. infusion, infuse over 30
minutes while temporarily
discontinuing administration of
any other solutions at the same
site.
● Discard unused drug after 24
hours if stored at room
temperature, or after 1 week if
refrigerated.
● Be aware that powder or solution
may darken during storage, which
doesn’t reflect altered potency.
Cefepime 1 mcg/ml
DRUG ADMINISTRATION
● For I.V. infusion, reconstitute
using manufacturer’s guidelines.
Reconstitution varies withproduct
used.
● Use only solutions recommended
by the manufacturer, as the type
of diluent varies with the product

GENTAMICIN
INDICATION/DOSAGE
● Infants and neonates over age 1
week. 2.5 mg/kg every 8 hr for 7 to
10 days.
● To treat serious bacterial infections
caused by aerobic gram-negative
organisms and some gram-positive
organisms, including Enterobacter
aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella
pneumoniae, Proteus species (indole
negative and indole positive),
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia
marcescens, Staphylococcus specieS.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
● Hypersensitivity to gentamicin, other
aminoglycosides, or their
components.
NURSING CONSIDERATION
● Drug may cause fetal harm as it
crosses the placental barrier and may
cause irreversible deafness and
severe muscle weakness in the
neonate.
● Drug is not recommended during
pregnancy except in life-threatening
situations
● Know that any report of dizziness,
hearing loss, or ringing in the ears
should be taken very seriously. Hold
drug with any report of these
problems
CEFOXITIN
INDICATION/DOSAGE
● Adults. 2 g 30 to 60 min before
surgery and then 2 g every 6 hr after
used.
● Use a Y-type administration set
but discontinue primary I.V.
solution during cefepime infusion.
● Infuse over 30 minutes.
● Reconstituted solution is stable
for 24 hours at room temperature
or 7 days in refrigerator with
selected diluents (see
manufacturer guidelines).
CAUTION
● Monitor patient closely for
hypersensitivity reactions. Be
aware that an allergic reaction
may occur even up to a few days
after therapy starts. Notify
prescriber immediately and
expect cefepime to be
discontinued. Be prepared to
administer treatment
with corticosteroids, epinephrine,
intravenous fluids, intravenous
antihistamines, oxygen, pressor
amines and airway
management, if reaction is severe.
Amikacin 2 mcg/ml
DRUG ADMINISTRATION
● Prepare amikacin I.V. solution by
adding contents of 500-mg vial to
100 or 200 ml of sterile diluent.
● Infuse drug over 30 to 60 minutes
for adults and children and 1 to 2
hours for neonates.
● Incompatibilities: Other drugs
CAUTION
● Assess renal function before and
daily during therapy, as ordered
because amikacin may produce
 the first dose for up to 24 hr. Children
age 3 months or over. 30 to 40 mg/kg
30 to 60 min before surgery and
every 6 hr after the first dose for up
to 24 hr.
● To provide surgical prophylaxis for
cesarean section
CONTRAINDICATION
● Hypersensitivity to cefoxitin, other
cephalosporins, or their components
NURSING CONSIDERATION :
● It is not known if drug can cause fetal
harm.
● Use with caution only if the benefit to
the mother outweighs the potential
risk to the fetus.
● Use cefoxitin cautiously in patients
hypersensitive to penicillin; cross-
sensitivity has occurred in about 10%
of such patients.
CEFEPIME
INDICATION/DOSAGE
● Adults and children age 16 and over.
2 g every 8 hr for 7 days or until
neutropenia resolves.
● Children ages 2 months to 16 years
weighing up to 40 kg (88 lb). 50
mg/kg/dose every 8 hr for 7 days or
until neutropenia resolves.
● To treat complicated intra-
abdominal infections (together with
metronidazole) caused by
● Bacteroides fragilis, E. coli,
Enterobacter species, K. pneumoniae,
P. aeruginosa, or viridans group
streptococci
CONTRAINDICATION
● Hypersensitivity to cefepime, other
nephrotoxic effects. To
minimize renal tubule irritation and
maintain hydration during therapy.
Ciprofloxacin .25 mcg/ml
DRUG ADMINISTRATION
● Administer at least 2 hours before
or 6 hours after
aluminum/magnesium antacids;
polymeric phosphate binders
(lanthanum carbonate,
sevelamer), or sucralfate;
didanosine chewable or buffered
tablets or pediatric powder for
oral solution; other highly
buffered drugs; or products
containing calcium, iron, or zinc
● Intravenous drug comes in a
premixed solution in flexible
containers of 200 ml. The solution
in the flexible containers need not
be diluted.
● Shake vial for 5 to 8 seconds to
mix well until a visually
homogeneous suspension is
obtained. Hold the vial by the
aluminum seal to prevent gelation
when shaking vial.
CAUTION
● Instruct patients to seek
emergency medical help
immediately if sudden back, chest,
or stomach pain occurs.
 beta-lactam antibiotics, other
cephalosporins, penicillins, or their
components

NURSING CONSIDERATION:
● It is not known if drug can cause fetal
harm.
● Use with caution only if benefit to the
mother outweighs potential risk to
the fetus.
● Use cefepime cautiously in patients
with impaired renal function or a
history of GI disease, particularly
colitis. Also use cautiously in patients
hypersensitive to other
cephalosporins, other drugs, or
penicillins because cross-sensitivity
has occurred.

AMIKACIN

INDICATION/DOSAGE:
● Adults and children. 15 mg/kg
daily in equal doses at equally
spaced intervals (7.5 mg/kg every
12 hr or 5 mg/kg every 8 hr) for 7
to 10 days.
● Neonates. Loading dose: 10
mg/kg. Maintenance: 7.5 mg/kg
every 12 hr for 7 to 10 days.
● Maximum: 15 mg/kg daily.To
treat uncomplicated UTI

CONTRAINDICATION:
● Hypersensitivity to amikacin,
other aminoglycosides, or their
components.

NURSING CONSIDERATIONS:

● Drug may cause fetal harm such as

total, irreversible, bilateral
 deafness in pediatric patients
exposed in utero.
● Drug should not be given to
pregnant women unless no other
alternative is available.

CIPROFLOXACIN

INDICATION AND DOSAGE:

● Adults. 500 mg every 12 hr for 60
days.
● Children. 15 mg/kg every 12 hr for
60 days. Maximum: 500 mg/dose.
● To prevent inhalation of anthrax
after exposure.

CONTRAINDICATION:
● Concurrent therapy with tizanidine;
hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin,
other quinolones, or their
components.

NURSING CONSIDERATION:
● It is not known if drug can cause fetal
harm.
● Use with caution only if the benefit to
the mother outweighs the potential
risk to the fetus.
● Use drug cautiously in patients with
CNS disorders and disorders that
may predispose patients to seizures,
such as history of epilepsy or
conditions that may lower the seizure
threshold, such as history of altered
brain structure, reduced cerebral
blood flow, severe cerebral
arteriosclerosis, or stroke. Take
seizure precautions. If a seizure
occurs, expect ciprofloxacin to be
discontinued immediately.