Republic of the Philippines

PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY

Lingayen, Pangasinan
COLLEGE OF ARST, SCIENCES AND LETTERS
1ST Semester 2021-2022
Activity 6

Name : Corinne Pangapalan

Course Title : Reading in Philippine History
Topic : Philippine Constitution
Instructor : Leandro A. Fernandez Jr.
Year&Section : 1 BSBA OM-A

A. Direction: Complete the table below the 7 Constitution framed country

Biak na Malolos 1935 Second Philippine 1973 Freedom 1987

Bato Constitution Constitution Republic Constitution Constitution Constitution
Constitutio Constitution
n
Revolutionar Democratic Military Single party Parliamentary Revolutionary democratic
y republic Republic government authoritarian System Government
Form of republic
Government
Branches of -Supreme -Executive -President and -President -President (6- -Executive -Executive
council (president- vice president -Military governor year term and (president) (president and
the
(president 4years (4 years) -speaker of the could be re- -Judiciary his cabinet, he
Government and 4 se.) without no re- -legislative national assembly elected again (Supreme appoints. - 6
and separation -Supreme election, no (organic act of -Executive Court) years)
of power council of vice- 1902: (prime -Legislative -Judicial
grace and president) bicameral. Phil minister) (supreme court
justice -Legislative commission as -Legislative and lower
-Assembly of (unicameral UH and Ph (unicameral court)
representati body called assembly as national - Legislative
ves the assembly LW. Change to assembly-^ (congress
of senate as UH year term) divided into 2:
representative and House of senate and
s-4 years) representatives house of
-Judicial ) representatives
;24)
Ratifying Philippine Malolos The 1935 The new constitution Ratified by President Approved by
Revolutionar congress of Constitution was approved by the Citizens Corazon the 1986
Promulgation
y Philippine was ratified by preparatory ‘Assemblies. Aquino, Constitutional
body Government republic the Filipino committee on Proclaimed by drafted by Commission on
or Katipunan ratified by the people through Philippine President Reynato Puno October 12,
acting as 1899 a national independence on Marcos 1986, the 1987
Constitution constitutional plebiscite, on September 4,1943 Constitution of
al Assembly, plebiscite May 14, 1935 and ratified by the the Republic of
drafted by and came into KALIBAPI on the Philippines
Isabelo full force and September 7,1943 was presented
Artacho and effect on to President
Félix Ferrer November 15, Corazon C.
1935 with the Aquino on
inauguration of October 15,
the 1986. It was
Commonwealth ratified on
of the February 2,
Philippines. 1987 by a
plebiscite. It
was proclaimed
in force on
February 11,
1987
 November January November October 14, January 17, March 25, February 11,
Length of 1 1897 – 23,1899 - 15, 1935 - 1943 -August 1973 - 1986 – 1987 -
Effectivity December March 23, July 4, 1946 17,1945 February February 1, present
14, 1897 1901 25,1986 1987
Provided for It created a The 1935 The Second This This is a This
the Filipino state Constitution, Philippine Republic, constitution is constitution constitution
Distinctive establishme whose which featured officially known as a transition that ensured also focuses on
Features nt of a government a political the Republic of the from a the freedom human rights
supreme was "popular, system virtually Philippines or known presidential of people and securing
council that representative identical to the in the Philippines as into a during a people's
would serve and American one, Japanese-sponsored parliamentary transition freedom.
as the responsible" became Philippine Republic, government. from
highest with three operative. The was a puppet state The legislative constitution to
governing distinct system called established on power is in a new
body of the branches -- for a president October 14, 1943, the National constitution.
republic. It the executive, to be elected at during the Japanese This is used
also outlined the legislative large for a 4 occupation. during the
the certain and the year term ( President Manuel L. time of
basic human judicial. subject to one Quezon declared drafting the
rights, such Legislative re-election), a Manila, the capital new
as freedom branch is bicameral city, an "open city" constitution
of religion, more Congress, and and left it under the
freedom of powerful than an independent rule of Jorge B.
the press, legislative and Judiciary. Vargas, as mayor.
and the right judicial. The Japanese
to entered the city on
education. January 2, 1942, and
established it as the
capital. Japan fully
captured the
Philippines on May 6,
1942, after the Battle
of Corregidor.
Provision on Provide for Article 20, No person shall The State shall No person No person No law should
the neither shall be held to provide citizenship shall be shall be be passed
Civil Liberties and vocational
establishme any Filipino be answer for a deprive of life, deprive of life, abridging the
nt of depriving of criminal training to adult liberty, or liberty, or freedom of
supreme the right of offense without citizens and out-of- property property speech of
that would the freely due process of school youth, and without due without due expression or
serve as the expressed his law. create and process of the process of the of the people
maintain
highest idea or law nor shall law nor shall peaceably to
scholarships for
governing opinion, orally any person be any person be assemble and
poor and deserving
body of the or in writing, students denied the denied the petition of
republic. through the equal equal government for
use of protection of protection of redress of
depressed or the law. the law. grievances
other similar
means.
Provision of No person Power of SEC. 14. (1) the SEC. 6. No salary Local Rehabilitate “local
shall be taxation shall rule of taxation or any form of government the economy governments
Taxation of emolument of any
imprisoned be exercised shall be unit shall have and promote shall be
Revenue of for debt of to the end uniform. public officer or the power to the nationalist entitled to an
Sharing nonpayment that provincial employee, create its own aspirations of equitable share
of a poll tax. and municipal including sources of the people; in the proceeds
taxation do constitutional revenue and […] the national
officers, shall be
not come into levy taxes wealth within
exempt from
conflict with subject to their respective
payment of income
the power of tax. limitation as areas
taxation of may provide
state. by the law.
Provision of Abolition of Article 88. The SEC. 2. No SEC. 8. The SEC. 5. No Section 1. In Section 12. The
the power of Assembly shall person shall be promotion of social elective or the Congress may
Political
the determine a Member of justice to insure the appointive reorganization create a
Dynasty government every year, the National well-being and public officer of the consultative
to banish upon the Assembly economic security of or employee government, body to advise
civil citizens; recommendat unless he has all the people shall shall receive priority shall the President
legal ion of the been five years be the concern of the additional or be given to on policies
equality of President of a citizen of the State. double measures to affecting
all persons. the Republic, Philippines, is compensation promote indigenous
the military at least thirty unless economy, cultural
forces by land years of age, specifically efficiency, and communities,
and sea. and, at the time authorized by the the majority of
of his election, law, nor eradication of the members of
a qualified accept, graft and which shall
elector, and a without the corruption. come from such
resident of the consent of the communities.
province in Batasang
which he is Pambansa,
chosen for not any present,
less than one emolument,
year office, or title
immediately of any kind
prior to his from any
election. foreign state.
Provision of Abolition of Article 89. The SEC. 3. (1) In SECTION 1. The SEC. 3. The Section 4. in SECTION 1.
the Assembly, on case of vacancy National Assembly, President shall case of (1) Any
Changing/Rem permanent amendment
government’ its own in the National by a vote of two- be elected by
oving the Head s power to initiative or Assembly a thirds of all its direct vote of vacancy to, or revision
of State of the banish that of the special election members, may the people for arising from of. this
Filipinos President of may be called propose a term of six death, Constitution
President incapacity or may be
the Republic, in the amendments to this years which
resignation of proposed by
may propose corresponding Constitution, but shall begin at
the the Batasang
amendments district, in the such amendments noon on the
president, Pambansa
to the manner shall not be valid as thirtieth day the vice upon a vote of
Constitution, prescribed by part of the of June president three-fourths
indicating law, but the Constitution unless following the shall become of all its
what article or member thus approved by the day of the president. Members, or
articles are to elected shall people at a plebiscite election and by a
be amended. serve only for or convention shall end at constitutional
the unexpired especially called for noon of the convention
term. that purpose and on same date six
the date and under years
conditions to be thereafter
prescribed by law. when the
term of his
successor
shall begin.
 B. Sequence the information into parts. When the shapes overlap, explain
what happened during the transition from one step to the next. Give the process
a title
Title: Evolution of Philippine Constitution

Biak na Bato Constitution

A provisionary
[Grab your constitution of thewith
reader’s attention Philippine republic
a great quote during
from the the Philippine
revolution.
documentTheorkatipunan’s revolution
use this space led toa key
to emphasize Tejeros convention.
point. To The first
presidential and vice-presidential elections in the Philippine
place this text box anywhere on the page, just drag it.] history were held.
A later meeting of the revolutionary government established there, held on
November 1, 1897 at biak na bato in the town of San Miguel de Mayumo in
Bulacan, established the republic of biak na bato.

Following the declaration of independence from Spain on June 12,

1898 and transformation of the dictatorial government to a
Transition revolutionary government on June 23.

Malolos Constitution
It calls for presidential form of government with the president elected for a term of four years by
a majority of assembly. This states the basic civil rights, separated the church from the state, and
call for the creation of an assembly of representatives which would act as the legislative body. It
anchored in democratic traditions that ultimately had their roots in American soil, modeled on the
constitution of France, Belgium, and Latin American countries.

Transition The Philippines was a territory of US upon signing the treaty of Paris
between Spain and US

1935 Constitution

The 1935 constitution provides for a unicameral legislature and a single six-year
term for the president. It was amended in 1940 to have a bicameral congress
composed of a senate and house of representatives, as well the creation of an
independent commission on elections. The constitution limited the president to
a four-year term with a maximum of two consecutive terms in office.
 Second Philippine Republic Constitution

The Second Philippine Republic was established during the Japanese occupation of the
Philippines. The Japanese government established a military administration over the
Philippines, as well as the Philippine Executive Commission, composed of several pre-
war Filipino political leaders. The KALIBAPI (Kapisanan ng Paglilingkod sa Bagong
Pilipinas) was also organized, designed to be the sole and exclusive political organization
in the Philippines.

While in the process of drafting the new constitution, President

Ferdinand Marcos declared Martial Law on September 21, 1972
Transition

1973 Constitution
It introduced a parliamentary style government. The president would become the prime minister
and he would continue to exercise legislative powers until such time as martial law was lifted. Also
the president is the head of state for a six-year term and could be re-elected again to an unlimited
number. Legislative power was vested in a unicameral national assembly whose member were
elected for six-year term.

There was a nationwide protest called the EDSA people power

Transition
revolution of 1896. Marcos family fled into exile and Aquino installed
as the president.

1987 Constitution
Corazon Aquino issued proclamation no.3 declaring a national policy to implement the
reforms mandated by the people, protecting their basic rights, adopting a provisional
constitution, and providing for an orderly translation to a new government under a new
constitution. This established a representative democracy with power divided among
three separate and independent branches of government; the executive, bicameral
legislature, and judiciary. There were three independent constitutional commissions as
well; commission on audit, commission on elections, and civil service commission.