1.

) When gasoline burns in an automobile engine, the heat released causes the
products CO2 and H2O to expand, which pushes the pistons outward. Excess heat is
removed by the car’s cooling system. If the expanding gases do 451 J of work on the
pistons and the system loses 325 J to the surroundings as heat, calculate the change in
internal energy in joules.

2.) Liquid water at 180°C and 1002.7 kPa has an internal energy of 762.0 kJ/kg and a
specific volume of 1.128 cm3/g. (a) What is its enthalpy? (b) The water is brought to the
vapour state at 300°C and 1500 kPa, where its internal energy is 2784.4 kJ/kg and its
specific volume is 169.7 cm3/g. Calculate the change in internal energy and the change
of enthalpy for the process.
3.) Two liters of N2 at 0°C and 5 atm pressure are expanded isothermally against a
constant pressure of 1 atm until the pressure of the gas is also 1 atm. Assuming the gas
to be ideal, what are the values of W, ∆E, Q and ∆H. Express you final answers in
calories. (NOTE: 24.22 cal = 1 L-atm)

4.) A gas expands against a variable opposing pressure given by P = 10/V atm, where V
is the volume of the gas at each stage of expansion. Further, in expanding from 10 to
100 liters, the gas undergoes a change in internal energy of ∆E = 100 cal. How much
heat, in calories, is absorbed by the gas during the process? [NOTE: 1 atm = 24.22 cal]