I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud

By: William Wordsworth

I wandered lonely as a cloud

That floats on high o'er vales and hills,

When all at once I saw a crowd,

A host, of golden daffodils;

Beside the lake, beneath the trees,

Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

Continuous as the stars that shine

And twinkle on the milky way,

They stretched in never-ending line

Along the margin of a bay:

Ten thousand saw I at a glance,

Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.

The waves beside them danced; but they

Out-did the sparkling waves in glee:

A poet could not but be gay,

In such a jocund company:

William Wordsworth = was
I gazed—and gazed—but little thought an English Romantic poet
who, with Samuel Taylor
What wealth the show to me had brought: Coleridge, helped to launch
the Romantic Age in English
literature with their joint
publication Lyrical Ballads.
For oft, when on my couch I lie
Born: 7 April 1770
In vacant or in pensive mood,
Died: 23 April 1850,
They flash upon that inward eye

Which is the bliss of solitude;

And then my heart with pleasure fills,

And dances with the daffodils.

 Stopping By Woods on a Snowy Evening

by Robert Frost

Whose woods these are I think I know.   

His house is in the village though;   

He will not see me stopping here   

To watch his woods fill up with snow.   

My little horse must think it queer   

To stop without a farmhouse near   

Between the woods and frozen lake   

The darkest evening of the year.   

He gives his harness bells a shake   

To ask if there is some mistake.   

The only other sound’s the sweep   

Of easy wind and downy flake.    Robert Frost = was an American

poet. His work was initially
published in England before it was
published in the United States.
The woods are lovely, dark and deep,    Known for his realistic depictions of
rural life and his command of
But I have promises to keep,    American colloquial speech.
And miles to go before I sleep,    Born: March 26, 1874 
And miles to go before I sleep. Died: January 29, 1963
 I Am A Filipino

by Carlos P. Romulo

I am a Filipino by Carlos P. Romulo is a beautifully written piece of literary work that expresses the writer's love and
devotion to his country. It focuses on the great desire of the Filipinos to have their own rights.

We Filipinos are the product of the marriage of East and West, and we are considered as mixed races.

At the past, we were being colonized with three races, the Spaniards, Japanese, and American. we should always learn to
love our own country and be proud on our own race. This is because, we Filipinos are great people for being able to
survive many challenges in life and in our country.

When the Philippines was colonized by three nations, the colonization seems to have never stopped. But there are brave
fellow men who fight for the flag and never give up the independence that the Filipinos deserve.

It's all about being proud of being a Filipino and loving the country.

Carlos P. Romulo = was a Filipino

diplomat, statesman, soldier,
journalist and author. He was a co-
founder of the Boy Scouts of the
Philippines, a general in the US Army
and the Philippine Army, university
president, President of the UN
General Assembly.

Born: 14 January 1898

Died: 15 December 1985

 A Modest Proposal

An Essay By: Jonathan Swift

The full title of Swift's pamphlet is "A Modest Proposal for Preventing the Children of Poor People from Being a Burthen
to their Parents, or the Country, and for making them Beneficial to the Public." The country poor children are living in
squalor because their families are too poor to keep them fed and clothed.

His proposal, in effect, is to fatten up these undernourished children and feed them to Ireland's rich land-owners. Children
of the poor could be sold into a meat market at the age of one, thus combating overpopulation and unemployment,
sparing families the expense of child-bearing while providing them with a little extra income.

He also anticipates that the practice of selling and eating children will have positive effects on family morality: husbands
will treat their wives with more respect, and parents will value their children in ways hitherto unknown

These mothers, unable to work for their livelihood, "are forced to employ all their Time" panhandling for food. The
children, also for want of work, grow up to be thieves, or else emigrate "to fight for the Pretender".

The author's own "Intention," he says, goes even further than providing for these children of "Professed Beggars"; his
proposal includes in its scope all children "of a certain Age" whose parents, though they have not yet resorted to
begging, are too poor to support them.

Another advantage of his proposal, Swift says, is that it will reduce the number of abortions and infanticides. He
speculates that most women undertake these highly immoral practices "more to avoid the Expense than the Shame" of
unwanted children.

When the author suggests that most abortions are occasioned by financial rather than moral considerations, he assumes
that people's motivations are basically materialistic. This is not, of course, Swift's own assumption; he presents a
shockingly extreme case of cold-blooded "rationality" in order to make his readers reexamine their own priorities.

Jonathan Swift = was an Anglo-Irish

author who is widely regarded as the
foremost prose satirist in the English
language. He wrote essays, poetry,
pamphlets, and a novel.

Born: 30 November 1667

Died: 19 October 1745

 DETERMINERS

A and An = are indefinite articles used in reference to any person or thing, not to a particular person or thing.

Usage of Articles: A, An

A reaction to the statement of the former president seems negative. (meaning: any reaction)
An overwhelming support to the present administration was demonstrated by the people by attending the Edsa 2
Celebration. (meaning: any overwhelming support)

*A and An are used in expressions of number, speed, ratio, and price.*

Practice Roses cost P250.00 a dozen.

The bus travelled at ninety kilometers an hour.

The = is a definite article. The determiner the is used when it points to a definite or specific person, place, or thing; when
the speaker/writer and the listener/reader are sure of the identity of what the noun refers to.

Usage Practice articles: The

*We also use the to point out a thing or person already spoken of, as: the money you found, the house you bought, the
book you read, the man you met, the word you said, the song you sang, etc.*

The money you found belongs to the manager of the bank.

*To describe things of which there is only one, as: the earth, the moon, the sun, the sky, the universe, the Almighty, the
supreme Being, etc.*

The earth is the only planet we have.

The Almighty is omniscient and omnipotent.

*Before the names of a few famous building, etc., as: The Great Wall of China, The Pyramid of Egypt. The Taj Mahal,
The Leaning Tower of Pisa,etc.*

The Great Wall of China can be seen from the moon.

*When a singular noun is used to point out a whole class, race, group, etc.*

The carabao is a hardworking animal. (meaning: the carabao is or all carabaos are hardworking animals)
The Filipino is hospitable (meaning: the Filipino is or all Filipinos are hospitable)

*The names of rivers, seas, oceans, mountain range (not mountains), volcanoes, etc.*

The Pasig River used to be the major means of transport in Manila.

The Alps provides a great tourist spot during winter.

*Before the names of holy or important books, as: The Bible, The Koran, etc*

The Bible is the Christian's sacred book.

The Koran provides religious teachings to the Muslim.

*Before special names of certain organizations, political parties, etc., as: The United Nations, The Conservative Party,
The UNESCO, The American Psychological Association, etc.*

The Philippine Red Cross is a non-partisan organization.

The United Nations is an international regulating body.
*Before an adjective when used as noun, as: the hungry, the generous, the strong, the might, the powerful, the weak,
etc.*

The poor in the Philippines constitute a great percentage of voters.

*Before the same proper name when referring to two different persons.*

The Anna that I know and not the Anna who is your sister joined the party last night.

*Before the name of a country having a number of states, the article the is used, as: the United Kingdom, the United
Arab Emirates, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, etc.*

The United States of America is the most powerful country in the world.

*The is also used before superlative adjectives.*

The most expensive object is not necessarily the best.

Non-Use of Articles:

1. Before the names of a person. “Sam is beautiful (not A Sam or The Sam)”.
2. Before the name of a place, town, province or country. “Manila (not A Manila)”.
3. Before names of materials. “Gold (not A Gold or The Gold)”, “Silver (not A Silver or The Silver)
4. Before names of games, towns, states, or countries when used by themselves
5. With meals or certain types of disease
6. Before places like schools, churches, markets, hospitals, offices.
7. Before names of roads.

The use or non-use of articles creates a difference in meaning:

1. When an article is used before a proper noun, it becomes a common noun.

He is a Kennedy of the Philippines. (meaning: a person as great as Kennedy)
2. Use the article before the first adjective in a series of adjectives describing the same noun.
The gentleman is an educated, intelligent, and humble person.
3. Repeat the article before two or more adjectives that describe two or more nouns.
They bought a new house and a vintage car
4. The use of a or the or its non-use makes a difference in meaning.
She is at theatre. (meaning: she is watching a movie)
She is at the theatre. (meaning: she is at the theatre building, the one mentioned or already known to us)
She is at a theatre. (meaning: some theatre whose name is unknown)

THE SPECIFIERS

The determiner such is followed immediately by noun. (Example: Such products used to be the most popular commodity
in the local market)

THE QUALIFIERS

“Any”, “each”, “every”, “neither”, “either” with a singular noun. (Example: Every action taken by the government
shows its desire to end the conflict through peaceful means)

“Any” is used with plural and uncountable nouns in negative and interrogative sentences. (Example: Any questions?)

“Nearly any”, “just about any”, “almost any”, must be followed by a singular noun. (Example: Almost any problem
was given the immediate solution.)

“All”, “some”, “both”, “few”, “many” and “more” go with a plural noun. (Example: All requirements are submitted to
the office of the dean.)

“Few”, “several” and “many” for count nouns. (Example: Precious but few moments are shared by the OFW family.)
Use little and much for mass or noncount nouns. (Example: We have little time to spend on this matter.)

NO

The determiner no with a singular noun emphasizes not one, or not a single one.

Example:

No man is above the law. (meaning: not one or not a single one)
No man is an island. (meaning not one or not a single one)
No assignment was submitted by this class (meaning: not one or not a single one)

No with a plural noun means not any. (Example: No applicants were hired today)

DEMONSTRATIVE

This and These are used to indicate that the noun referred to is near.

That and Those are used to indicate that the noun referred to is far from you or the person speaking.

THE PREDETERMINERS

Predeterminers = are words that are used before a determiner and give more information about the noun in the noun
group, e.g., such, what, all, both, half, double, twice, treble. (Example: I will be with you all the time.)