Name: July-Ann S.

Adorna

What I Know

1. B 6. D

2. D 7. C

3. A 8. A

4. B 9. B

5. D 10. D

What’s In

Name a province for each letter of the alphabet.

A- AKLAN N- NORTH COTABATO

B- BATANES O-
C- CAGAYAN P- PANGASINAN
D- DAVAO DEL SUR Q- QUIRINO
E- EASTERN SAMAR R- RIZAL
F- S- SORSOGON
G- GUIMARAS T- TARLAC
H- U-
I- ILOCOS NORTE V-
J- W-
K- X-
L- LA UNION Y-
M- MISAMIS ORIENTAL Z- ZAMBALES

President of the Philippines that I admired most is Mr. Rodrigo Roa Duterte , before he became
president, Rodrigo Duterte had a reputation of being a tough mayor in the southern part of the country
called Davao…tough on criminals and drug dealers. When he became president, the drug lords were
very active all over the country, mostly in populated Metro Manila, were even prominent politicians
were implicated. I think he is the leader that we truly need these times. A hands-on and a strict leader
together with political will. His administration has achieved many things than the previous one. Duterte
is a man of action! And in a place like the Philippines, you need a leader who does what he promised…
and delivers…regardless of political and international consequence!
What’s New

What are the qualities of people in your city as stated in the lyrics?

Nagkakaisa- the people are united

Young as you are, how can you contribute to the betterment of our own city?

 Participating in volunteering activities is one of the most fulfilling ways to help the community
 Help people out during everyday life when you have the opportunity. While they may not be
glamorous, small gestures of kindness at a one-on-one level are a great way to be useful in your
community. When you spot an opportunity to make a direct intervention and help another
person in your community, do it with a smile
 Listen to the people in your daily life and show them empathy. Our friends, family, and co-
workers are members of society, and we can contribute by showing them emotional support.
Or, if you need to talk about a negative experience with somebody else, let them share their
own experiences, too
 Give blood if you’d like to help injured or unhealthy people. People who are ill or injured
frequently need blood transfusions, and you can help them out by donating some of your own
 blood. Many local hospitals will do semiannual blood drives, and local blood banks are always
looking for new people to sign up and donate blood.

What’s More

Activity 1: INVENTORY OF FILIPINO AUTHORS

ASSESSMENT 1a:

NCR
1. Lualhati Bautista (born Manila, Philippines December 2, 1945) is one of the
foremost Filipino female novelists in the history of contemporary Philippine Literature. Her
novels include Dekada '70, Bata, Bata, Pa'no Ka Ginawa?, and ‘GAPÔ.
2. Linda Ty Casper is a Filipino writer who has published over fifteen books, including
the historical novel DreamEden and the political novels Awaiting Trespass, Wings of Stone, A
Small Party in a Garden, and Fortress in the Plaza. She has also published three collections
of short stories which present a cross-section of Filipino society. [1]

REGION 1
1. Carlos Sampayan Bulosan (November 2, 1913 – September 11, 1956) was an English-
language Filipino novelist and poet who spent most of his life in the United States. His best-
known work is the semi-autobiographical
His other novels include The Laughter of My Father, which were originally published as short
sketches, and the posthumously published The Cry and the Dedication which detailed the
armed Huk Rebellion in the Philippines. One of his most famous essays was "Freedom from
Want," commissioned by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt as part of a series on the "Four
Freedoms" and published on March 26, 1943 in the Saturday Evening Post. Maxim Lieber was
his literary agent in 1944.
2. F. Sionil José was born in Rosales, Pangasinan, the setting of many of his stories. He spent his
childhood in Barrio Cabugawan, Rosales, where he first began to write. José was
of Ilocano descent whose family had migrated to Pangasinan before his birth. A five-novel
series that spans three centuries of Philippine history, translated into 22 languages

 Po-on (Dusk) (1984) ISBN 971-8845-10-0

 The Pretenders (1962) ISBN 971-8845-00-3

 My Brother, My Executioner (1973) ISBN 971-8845-16-X

 Mass (December 31, 1974) ISBN 0-86861-572-2

 Tree (1978)
REGION 2
1. Emmanuel Agapito Flores Lacaba (December 10, 1948 – March 18, 1976), popularly known
as Eman Lacaba, was a Filipino writer, poet, essayist, playwright, fictionist, scriptwriter,
songwriter and activist and he is considered as the only poet warrior of the Philippines.
Lacaba wrote the lyrics of "Awit ni Kuala", the song sung by Lolita Rodriguez in the classic Lino
Brocka masterpiece 'Tinimbang Ka Ngunit Kulang '. He also composed new revolutionary lyrics
in Cebuano for some well-known folk songs.
2. Fernando  Maramag  was  an  excellent  poet  and  journalist  in  English.    He  had  a  rich
style
and deep understanding of human nature – qualities which made his poetry appealing to all
readers.  On the other hand, his editorial writings “exerted great influence on the various
phases
of the Filipino way of life, particularly in its government, economics, education and politics,”
according to a critic. Maramag published countless poems which were devoured and admired
by the reading
public, like “My Queen Tagala,” “The Atheist,” “A Christ Without a Cross,” “Jose Rizal,” and
“The
Presentation.”  He wrote about the history of the English language in the Philippines.
3. Leona Florentino (April 19, 1849-October 4, 1884) was a Filipino poet in
the Spanish and Ilocano languages. She is considered as the "mother of Philippine women's
literature" and the "bridge from oral to literary tradition". Her lyrical poetry in Spanish, and
especially that in Ilocano, gained attention in various international forums
in Spain, Paris and St. Louis, Missouri. Her literary contributions - particularly 22 preserved
poems - were recognized when she was included in the Encyclopedia Internationale des
Oeuvres des Femmes (International Encyclopedia of Women’s Works) in 1889. She is believed
to be the first Filipina to receive this international recognition, an homage that occurred after
her death at a young age.
REGION 3
1. Francisco Balagtas y de la Cruz (April 2, 1788 – February 20, 1862), also known
as Francisco Baltazar, was a prominent Filipino poet, and is widely considered as one
of the greatest Filipino literary laureate for his impact on Filipino literature. The
famous epic, Florante at Laura, is regarded as his defining work.
The name "Baltazar", sometimes misconstrued as a pen name, was a legal surname
Balagtas adopted after the 1849 edict of Governor-General Narciso Claveria y Zaldua,
which mandated that the native population adopt standard Spanish surnames instead
of native ones.
2. Tomas F.Agulto- Born on 21 December 1953 in Hagonoy, Bulacan. He wrote poems at
a young age and had them commented on by his family and neighbors. He further
honed his poetic skills as a member Galian as Arte at Tula , and went on to work on
various jobs, especially in non-government sector, in pursuit of his own maturity. his
poetry collections Lagi Na'y Kailangan Kong Gumising Nang Maaga at Iba Pang
Pagdidilidili (Always I have To Wake Up Early and Other Redlections,
1981),Bakasyunista (Summer Folk, 1984) and Batanes at Iba Pang Pulo (Batanes and
Other Lands, 1989) all won prizes in the Don Carlos Palanca Awards for Literature. His
essay “Ang Mga Badjaw sa Tungkalang” (The Bajao of Tungkalang, 1988) also won in
the Palanca Award. In 1987, the CCP Literary Contest awarded him a prize for his
short story “Ang Walang Lubay na Istasyon ng Pag-asa (The Unending Stations of
Hope and Search).
REGION 4
1. Néstor Vicente Madali González (September 8, 1915-November 28, 1999) was a Filipino
writer. The works of Gonzalez have been published in Filipino, English, Chinese, German,
Russian and Indonesian language. His novels are : The Winds of April (1941) A Season of
Grace (1956) The Bamboo Dancers (1988)
2. José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda (June 19, 1861 – December 30, 1896), was
a Filipino nationalist, writer[8] and reformist. He is widely considered the greatest national
hero of the Philippines.[9] He was the author of Noli Me Tángere, El Filibusterismo and a
number of poems and essays. He was executed on December 30, 1896

REGION 5
1. Azucena Uranza was born on 27 January 1929 in Sorsogon, Sorsogon. She received her BA in
Journalism (1952) and MA in English (1969) from the Far Eastern University. Her books
include Bamboo in the Wind (novel, 1990); A Passing Season (novel, 2002); Feast of the
Innocents (novel, 2003); Women of Tammuz (novel, 2004); Voices in a Minor Key (short story
collection, 2005); andArbol, An Etnographic Record of a Family (coffee table book, 2002).
Many of her short stories were published by Philippines Free Press, Weekly Women's
Magazine, Focus Magazine , and Ginoo Magazine . Her awards include Philippine Centennial
Awards for Literature; Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature; Focus Philippines Literary
Awards; Pama-as, Gintong Bai Award from the National Commission for Culture and the Arts;
Green and Gold Artist Award from FEU. Her stage, television, and radio plays were produced
by Channel 4, DZRH, and FEU. She was an associate professor at Far Eastern University, and
taught Literature and Humanities.
2. Luis Cabalquinto was born in Magarao, Camarines Sur, Philippines on January 31, 1935. He
earned the B.A. in Mass Communication degree at thenU.P. Diliman Institute of Mass
Communication. His written work has appeared in magazines and journal anthologies
published in the Philippines, United States, Australia, Hongkong, France, and the Czech
Republic (e.g. American Poetry Review, Prairie Schooner, Manoa, Greenfield Review, Manila
Review, Caracoa, Philippines Free Press, Philippine Graphic, Philippine Midweek, Asiaweek,
Heritage, Katripunan, Contact, River Styx, Minetta Review, Potable Lower East Side, Trafika,
Inetrnational Quarterly, FRank, Poetry Australia, and others).
His published books are: "The Dog-eater and Other Poems"(1989, Kalikasan Press), "The
Ibalon Collection"(1991, Kalikasan Press), and "Dreamwanderer" (1992, Kalikasan Press), "Brigeable
Shores" (2002, Kaya Press, US) and Moon Over Magarao" (2004, UP Press, Manila). His books
currently in preparation : "Depth of Fields (100 Selected Poems), "Pamamangka sa Di Lamang
Dalawang Ilog" (collections of Poems in Filipino).

REGION 6
1. Mark Anthony A. Grejaldo was born August 11, 1980 in Iloilo City. He is a graduate of Mass
Communications from the West Visayas State University. He started writing poetry in 1998. In
1999, he became a fellow for Poetry in the Iligan National Writers' Workshop and the U.P.
National Writers' Workshop in Davao City. "Lihim ng mga Alitaptap" (his first attempt in
writing a screenplay) was a finalist in the 3rd Star Cinema Screenwriting Contest.
2. Ricaredo Demetillo was born on June 20, 1920 in Dumangas, Iloilo. He was a poet, essayist
and critic who graduated cum laude in AB English, 1947 in the University of the Philippines;
School of Letters, Bloomington, Indiana; MFA in English and Creative Writing in State
University of Iowa in 1952. He married Angelita Demetillo.
            Some of his publications include:  No Certain Weather (1956, poetry)La Via (1959, poetry)
REGION 7
1. Cecilia Manguera Brainard- Cecilia Manguerra Brainard is an award-winning author and editor
of nineteen books. She co-founded PAWWA or Philippine American Women Writers and
Artists; she also founded Philippine American Literary House. Brainard's works include the
World War II novel, When the Rainbow Goddess Wept, Magdalena, and Woman With Horns
and Other Stories. She edited several anthologies including Fiction by Filipinos in
America, Contemporary Fiction by Filipinos in America, and two volumes of Growing Up
Filipino I and II, books used by educators
REGION 8
1. CARLOS A. ANGELES- Born on May 25, 1921 in Tacloban City, Leyte, the poet Carlos A. Angeles
graduated from Rizal High 1938 and went on to study at various universities, first in pre-
medicine and next pre-law. He had one semester at Ateneo de Manila, two at UP in 1941
(where he became a member of the UP Writers' Club), and one quarter at Central Luzon
Colleges. In 1964, the same year that poetry was first considered in the Carlos Palanca
Memorial Awards for Literature, Angeles' collection of poems, A Stun of Jewels(Manila:
Alberto S. Florentino, 1963), received first prize in the prestigious contest. Comprised of 47
poems and dedicated to Angeles' wife, A Stun of Jewelsalso won the Republic Cultural
Heritage Award for Literature.

REGION 9
Emigdio Enriquez
He was born in the year 1925. He is a Filipino by birth. He started writing at the age of 20. He is a
novelist, story writer, and playing with. Among his famous literary works are Blood on the Moon, A
tale of Two Houses, Cachil Kudarat (Sultan of Mindanao) or Cachil Corrala, and Labaw, Donggon.
All of this short stories won palangca awards in the year. • He went at Ateneo de Zamboanga for
his elementary and secondary. Gained his A.B. at Arellano University, went on to study and gain a
"Master of Fine Arts Degree in Creative Writing" at the state University of lawa though an
International Scholarship and a Fulbright Grant. Earned a Guggenheim Fellowship which he used
to travel around Europe. He then studied in the Universidad Central de Madrid on a Zobel de
Ayala Grant. His short stories began to appear in countless publication as early as 1939. • When
he came back to the Philippines, he taught and directed at the University of the East for some
years, then went on to teach at De La Salle University.
REGION 10
Amano Gregorio
Born: Vigan, Ilocos Sur; November 17, 1934. Fictionist, teacher. He is the son of Esteban Amano and
Olympia Taer. He obtained his education degree from the Philippine College of Arts and Trades in
Manila. He was later granted a scholarship under the Colombo Plan to study in Tokyo, Japan. He
taught at the University of Northern Philippines in Vigan, became principal then chief of the Education
Department if the Ilocos Norte College of Arts and Trade (now a college of Don Mariano Marcos State
University) in Laoag City. He is a member of Gunglo Dagiti Mannurat nga Ilokano (GUMIL) Laoag,
GUMIL Ilocos Norte and GUMIL Filipinas. He is at present a professor and administrator at the Don
Mariano Marcos State University.
Amano began writing in Ilocano in 1957.That same year, his poem “Arado” was published in
Bannawag. Since then, he has published many poems, essays on practical arts, and short stories in the
same magazine. His best-known stories are “Dimo Koma Biroken Ti Kaasida” (Do Not Look For Their
Mercy), “Talna” (Peace), and “Bubon” (Well). Some of his works were anthologized in Tugot (Foot-
prints), edited by Onofrecia I. Ibarra and Hermenegildo A.Viloria and published by GUMIL Ilocos Sur. A
former editor of the Philippine Educational Journal, he has also authorized four popular books on
practical arts.

In 1986 he won first prize in the short story writing contest in the Gov Roque Ablan Awards for Iluko
Literature

REGION 11
Jhoanna Lynn B. Cruz:

IN MARCH this year, Jhoanna Lynn B. Cruz was selected as the first Philippine representative
to the Tokyo International Literary Festival. She is the author of Women Loving (2010), the first sole-
author anthology of lesbian stories in the Philippines, which is also available as an eBook entitled
Women on Fire (2015).
She is currently Associate Professor of creative writing and literature at the University of the
Philippines Mindanao. She holds a Master of Fine Arts in Creative Writing and a Master of Arts in
Language and Literature, both with High Distinction, from De La Salle University-Manila.She considers
herself a Dabawenya, like many migrants who have come to love and live in Davao City.

REGION 12
Myrna Peña-Reyes, born and raised in the Philippines of Ilocano stock but Visayan upbringing,
was educated at Silliman University (BA English) and the University of Oregon (MFA in creative
writing). While a resident of Eugene, Oregon where she lived with her husband for three decades,
she was a winner of the Oregon Literary Fellowship for poetry (2002). Presently retired in her
hometown of Dumaguete, she continues her volunteer affiliation with Silliman University’s
literature and creative writing program that administers the Silliman University National Writers
Workshop, the first of its kind in Southeast Asia. Her poetry collections are Memory’s Mercy: New
and Selected Poems (University of the Philippines Press, 2015), Almost Home: Poems (University
of the Philippines Press, 2004) and The River Singing Stone (Anvil, 1994). She co-edited a poetry
anthology with Gémino H Abad, Artemio Tadena This Craft As With A Woman Loved: Selected
Poems (U of Santo Tomas Publishing, 2016).
Region 13
JOEY AYALA
José Iñigo Homer Lacambra Ayala or also known as Joey Ayala was born on June 1 1956 in Bukidnon
Philippines. He was known for his folk and contemporary pop music artist in the Philippines, he is also
known for his songs that are more on the improvement of the environment. He is also one of the
leading members of the "Bagong Lumad" literally means "New native". All of the songs he composed
are not just song that gives entertainment but it gives a message in every people who listens to it. The
way his songs are popular is because it has a twist of pop music. Using of traditional instruments in
the Philippines like the Kulintang,T'boli,Kubing and Gong makes him a famous and a unique artist.
Even his compositions are most likely on ethnic songs, it is still recognized by the people and one of
his songs "Papel" made a shot in the finals  he was named one of the twelve finalist in the Philpop
2013 .In his song, "Papel", he uses birth and death certificates as metaphors to express one's role in
life. From birth, we're born with paper and for rest of our lives until one's death, we all act like paper.
ARMM
1. Leonor Orosa-Goquingco (July 24, 1917 - July 15, 2005) was a 1976 Filipino national artist in
creative dance. She could play the piano, draw, design scenery and costumes, sculpt, act, direct,
dance and choreograph. Her pen name was Cristina Luna and she was known as Trailblazer, Mother
of Philippine Theater Dance and Dean of Filipino Performing Arts Critics.
2.     Muhammad Dipatuan Kudarat (also spelled Qudarat or Corallat) (1581–1671) was a Sultan of
Maguindanao. During his reign, he successfully opposed the Spaniards who attempted to conquer his
land and hindered the Christianization of the island of Mindanao. He was a direct descendant
of Shariff Kabungsuwan, a Muslim missionary who brought Islam to the Philippines.

ASSESSMENT 1b:

Activity 2

Assessment 1b

My Favorite Writers Literary works Common genre Common remarks

theme/subject
1. José Protasio Rizal Noli Me Tángere, El Novel & essay
Filibusterismo
2. Francisco Florante at Laura Poem
Balagtas
3. Néstor Vicente 1. The Novels
Madali González Winds of
April (194
1

2. A Season
of
Grace (19
56)

3. The
Bamboo
Dancers (
1988

4. Santiago B. Malagilion: Poem

Villafania Soniton
Pangasinan
5. Cecilia When the
Manguerra Brainard Rainbow Goddess
Wept
6. Antonio Abad El Ultimo Novels
Romantico,
7. Estrella Alfon  The White Dress,
Short Story
(Second place,
 1974)

8. Fernando My Queen Tagala, Poem

Maramag
9. . Norman Batibo
Wilwayco,
10. Alfred Yuson The Great Novel
Philippine Jungle
Café

ASSESSMENT 1C

Title: ‘GAPÔ Genre: novel

Author: Lualhati Torres Bautista Region: NCR

A. The literary Work: exposing injustices and chronicling women activism during
the Marcos era. GAPÔ, published in 1980, is the story of a man coming to grips with life
as an Amerasian. It is a multi-layered scrutiny of the politics behind US bases in
the Philippines, seen from ordinary citizens living in Olongapo City point of view
B. Why do I like it? One of the few books of a contemporary Filipino author that I've liked,
Gapo by Lualhati Bautista really is an eye-opener, a definitely must-read by
the Filipino readers. Set during the 1970s, a time when American bases
"ruled" the Philippines, Gapo shows the irony of the "Everlasting
Friendship of Two Nations"

Assessment 2a MY NATIONAL ARTIST

For me, the person who should be National Artist is Nora Aunor. She has a vast reputable body of work
and is one of the most awarded actresses in the history of Philippine cinema. She received Gawad CCP
Para sa Sining for Film and Broadcast Arts in 2015. Other than that, she has received various
international awards including best actress awards from Asian Film Awards and Venice International
Film Festival for her role in Brillante Mendoza’s Thy Womb. So, she could really be qualified for the
Order of National Artist.

Assessment 2b

Authors from Mindanao Notable Works

1.H.O Santos “Dead stars”

2.Anthony L. Tan
The Bajao Cemetery

3. Jaime L. An Lim ULAHINGAN, INDARAPATRA AT

4. J H O A N N A L Y N N B C R U Z WOMEN LOVING: STORIES AND A PLAY
(2010)

5.Myrna Pena Reyes Memory’s Mercy New

What I Have Learned

1. CANONICAL
2. LITERATURE
3. REGIONS
4. NCR
5. POPULARITY
6. HYBRID
7. LOCAL COLORS
8. POETRY
9. MNDANAO
10. INTERNET

What I Can Do

A. FEATURE WRITING

Francisco Sionil José (born 3 December 1924) is one of the most widely read Filipino writers in
the English language. His novels and short stories depict the social underpinnings of class struggles
and colonialism in Filipino society. José's works—written in English—have been translated into 28
languages,including Korean, Indonesian, Czech, Russian, Latvian, Ukrainian and Dutch. José was born
in Rosales, Pangasinan, the setting of many of his stories. He spent his childhood in Barrio Cabugawan,
Rosales, where he first began to write. José is of Ilocano descent whose family had migrated to
Pangasinan prior to his birth. Fleeing poverty, his forefathers traveled from Ilocos towards Cagayan
Valley through the Santa Fe Trail. Like many migrant families, they brought their lifetime possessions
with them, including uprooted molave posts of their old houses and their alsong, a stone mortar for
pounding rice. One of the greatest influences to José was his industrious mother who went out of her
way to get him the books he loved to read, while making sure her family did not go hungry despite
poverty and landlessness. José started writing in grade school, at the time he started reading. In the fifth
grade, one of José's teachers opened the school library to her students, which is how José managed to
read the novels of José Rizal, Willa Cather’s My Antonia, Faulkner and Steinbeck. Reading
about Basilio and Crispin in Rizal's Noli Me Tangere made the young José cry, because injustice was not
an alien thing to him. When José was five years old, his grandfather who was a soldier during the
Philippine revolution, had once tearfully showed him the land their family had once tilled but was taken
away by rich mestizo landlords who knew how to work the system against illiterates like his grandfather.

José attended the University of Santo Tomas after World War II, but dropped out and plunged
into writing and journalism in Manila. In subsequent years, he edited various literary and journalistic
publications, started a publishing house, and founded the Philippine branch of PEN, an international
organization for writers. José received numerous awards for his work. The Pretenders is his most popular
novel, which is the story of one man's alienation from his poor background and the decadence of his
wife's wealthy family. José Rizal's life and writings profoundly influenced José's work. The five volume
Rosales Saga, in particular, employs and integrates themes and characters from Rizal's work. Throughout
his career, José's writings espouse social justice and change to better the lives of average Filipino
families. He is one of the most critically acclaimed Filipino authors internationally, although much
underrated in his own country because of his authentic Filipino English and his anti-elite views. Sionil
José also owns Solidaridad Bookshop, located on Padre Faura Street in Ermita, Manila. The bookshop
offers mostly hard-to-find books and Filipiniana reading materials. It is said to be one of the favorite
haunts of many local writers. In his regular column, Hindsight, in The Philippine STAR, dated 12
September 2011, he wrote "Why we are shallow", blaming the decline of Filipino intellectual and
cultural standards on a variety of modern amenities, including media, the education system—
particularly the loss of emphasis on classic literature and the study of Greek and Latin—and the
abundance and immediacy of information on the Internet

Five of José's works have won the Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature: his short
stories The God Stealer in 1959, Waywaya in 1979, Arbol de Fuego (Firetree) in 1980, his novel Mass in
1981, and his essay A Scenario for Philippine Resistance in 1979. Since the 1980s, various award-giving
bodies have feted José with awards for his outstanding works and for being an outstanding Filipino in
the field of literature. His first award was the 1979 City of Manila Award for Literature which was
presented to him by Manila Mayor Ramon Bagatsing. The following year, he was given the prestigious
Ramon Magsaysay Award for Journalism, Literature and Creative Communication Arts. Among his other
awards during that period include the Outstanding Fulbrighters Award for Literature (1988) and the
Cultural Center of the Philippines Award (Gawad para sa Sining) for Literature (1989).
By the turn of the century, José continued to receive recognition from several award-giving bodies.
These include the Cultural Center of the Philippines Centennial Award in 1999, the prestigious Chevalier
dans l'Ordre des Arts et Lettres in 2000, and the Order of Sacred Treasure (Kun Santo Zuiho Sho) in 2001.
In that same year, the Philippine government bestowed upon him the prestigious title of National Artist
for Literature for his outstanding contributions to Philippine literature. In 2004, José was garnered the
coveted Pablo Neruda Centennial Award in Chile

"The God Stealer" is a short story by Filipino National Artist F. Sionil José. It is José's most anthologized
work of fiction. It is not just a tale about an Ifugao stealing a religious idol, but also about the friendship
that developed between a Filipino and an American, a representation of the relationship that developed
between the "influenced" and the "influencer". The story was a first prize winner during
the 1959 Palanca awards in the Philippines. It is included in the book by José with a similar title, The God
Stealer and Other Stories. The main characters in "The God Stealer" are Philip Latak and Sam Cristie.
Philip, also known as Ip-pig, is an Ifugao who became a Christian and lived in Manila. By becoming a city
dweller, Philip became less sentimental with his cultural identity, beliefs, and customs. His name was
derived from the word Philippines. On the other hand, Sam Christie was an American who wanted to
view the rice terraces of Ifugao. He was also interested in purchasing an original figurine of an Ifugao
God. His name was derived from Uncle Sam, a representation of the United States. Philip
and Sam were co-workers.

Assessment

1. A 6. D

2. B 7. A

3. C 8. D

4. A 9. C

5. D 10. B

Additional Activities

CRITICAL PAPER!!!

1. An analysis to Bj Patino's masterpiece, a poem entitled "Apo on the Wall."

A poem that will hit your feels and leave marks to your minds and hearts!

It made me feel scared realizing how strict the time of martial law could be. How every move you make
should not anger the government in which an instance that it does you may be put in jail or worse killed
because in that time there were no human rights.The message it gave to me is we should appreciate the
freedom that we got the freedom in which most of us takes it for granted It affects me in a way that I
understand further that the past was a time which freedom was taken away Now in the present we
should be appreciating it more than we used to. The poem made me feel like I was the child narrating
what is the scenario during Martial Law. How it spread fear to many of our country men. The message I
recieved from the poem is be that during Martial there are no colonist but our still our country has no
freedom. Now, I am really thankful that today's generation didn't experience what is it like to have no
freedom.

The poem provides an immeasurable impact on my part. The way it tells or describes on how the martial
law dominates the whole land, the way where every individual were forced, under control and
somewhat tortured. Then poem made me feel terrified, finding out how ruthless the martial law is.
Basically, everything was overpowered, causing every people covered with bothering, trouble and fear.
Moreover, an unmericiful days wherein human rights aren't existing. As I finished reading it one word
comes to my mind and that is 'justice' specially to those who experience a very tough life during those
years. I know things will never change and will forever remain.
A critical analysis of Peter Solis Nery’s ‘Lirio’
Upon reading Lirio in all its Hiligaynon glory, one cannot help but attach to it such familiar
literary conventions like magic realism, mythological allusions, symbolisms and intertextuality that make
the story a rather rich, and enticing, literature to read.  This literary analysis will attempt to discuss the
meticulous underpinnings of the story using these conventions with focus on reader-response and
postmodernist criticism.
Lirio brings to mind the enduring Greek love story of the god Apollo and the unwilling object of
his affection—Daphne, who was turned into the laurel tree as she tried to evade and escape the sun
god’s amorous advances. While being chased by the infatuated god, Daphne prayed to her river-god
father Peneus to help her escape Apollo. In response, she was transformed into the laurel tree. And
Apollo, in grief after losing Daphne, made the laurel tree his symbol. 
The myth has this recurring theme of a battle between chastity (Daphne) and sexual desires
(Apollo). This is also reflected in the story Lirio through the characters of Lirio (chastity) and Itik Lugay
(sexual desires). By using this classical theme that still appeals very much to the masses, the Lirio story
just elevated itself into the status of a classic. Its pathos (or quality that evokes pity) is highly successful
because people can easily relate with the storyline. The tragic heroine’s hamartia (that is, the fatal flaw
that leads to her downfall) is being not able to speak; and amidst all the conflicts in the story, this adds
more to the dramatic irony. In its sublime entirety, the allusions in Lirio created this depth and breadth
in exploring and understanding human nature, while also honoring the ancient texts.

The story also explores the wonderful world of Magic Realism. Although just a short
story, Lirio is comparable to stories created by great masters like Gabriel Garcia Marquez (One Hundred
Years of Solitude), Laura Esquivel (Like Water for Chocolate) and Isabel Allende (The House of the Spirits),
who probably popularized most the playing with magic and reality in their fiction; thus, creating
masterpieces in the magico-realist tradition. At the beginning of Lirio,
Suno sa panugiron ni Lola Pansay nga paltera, nagkinagamo ang mga alibangbang sang ginbun-ag ni
Nanay Rosa si Lirio Apa.
[According to Lola Pansay the midwife, all the butterflies went wild when Nanay Rosa gave birth
to Lirio the Mute.]  The very first line of the story gives the readers the feel of magic realism. It sets the
tone and atmosphere of foreboding, a literary convention that is often used in this style of writing. The
presence of butterflies at Lirio’s birth is a strong driving force. Butterflies in many ancient literatures are
the symbol of the soul. Filipinos, too, have this tradition of connecting and identifying butterflies with
the wandering soul of the beloved departed. The gathering of butterflies serves as a leitmotif (a
recurrent theme or image) in the story as a swarm of butterflies traverses the entire story. Butterflies
are ever present at the significant points in the life of the protagonist. Towards the end, butterflies come
out of Lirio’s mouth as she metamorphoses into a lily, the flower locally known as liryo. This is quite
symbolic of her soul leaving her body, and eventually giving life to an inanimate object, the lily plant.