Date

PREAMBLE

1. INDIA
WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a
SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its
citizens:

JUSTICE, social, economic and political; LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and
worship;

EQUALITY of status and of opportunity;

And to promote among them all FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and
the unity and integrity of the Nation;

IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November, 1949, do

HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION

2. JAPAN
We, the Japanese People, acting through our duly elected representatives in the National
Diet, determined that we shall secure for ourselves and our posterity the fruits of
peaceful cooperation with all nations and the blessings of liberty throughout this land,
and resolved that never again shall we be visited with the horrors of war through the
action of government, do proclaim the sovereignty of the people’s will and do ordain
and establish this Constitution, founded upon the universal principle that government is
a sacred trust the authority for whichh is derived from the people, the powers of which
are exercised by the representatives of the people, and the benefits of which are enjoyed
by the people; and we reject and revoke all constitutions, ordinances, laws and rescripts
in conflict herewith.
Desiring peace for all time and fully conscious of the high ideals controlling human
relationship now stirring mankind, we have determined to rely for our security and
 survival upon the justice and good faith of the peace-loving peoples of the world. We
desire to occupy an honored place in an international society designed and dedicated to
the preservation of peace, and the banishment of tyranny and slavery, oppression and
intolerance, for all time from the earth. We recognize and acknowledge that all peoples
have the right to live in peace, free from fear and want.
We hold that no people is responsible to itself alone, but that laws of political morality
are universal; and that obedience to such laws is incumbent upon all peoples who would
sustain their own sovereignty and justify their sovereign relationship with other
peoples.
To these high principles and purposes we, the Japanese People, pledge our national
honor, determined will and full resources.

3.Russia
We, the multinational people of the Russian Federation, united by a common destiny
on our land, asserting human rights and liberties, civil peace and accord, preserving
the historic unity of the state, proceeding from the commonly recognized principles
of equality and self-determination of the peoples honoring the memory of our
ancestors, who have passed on to us love of and respect for our homeland and faith
in good and justice, reviving the sovereign statehood of Russia and asserting its
immutable democratic foundations, striving to secure the wellbeing and prosperity
of Russia and proceeding from a sense of responsibility for our homeland before the
present and future generations, and being aware of ourselves as part of the world
community, hereby approve the CONSTITUTION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.