DMV Cheat Sheet California en Motorcycle Premium

CALIFORNIA
Premium DMV Cheat Sheet
Initial Steps
1. If under the age of 21, obtain a Certificate of Completion of Motorcycle Training.

2. Schedule an appointment at the DMV.
3. Provide required documentation.
4. Provide your Social Security Number and true full name.
5. Pass a vision exam.
6. Provide your fingerprints.
7. Pay applicable fees.
8. Have your photograph taken.
9. If required, pass the driver knowledge test.
10. Pass the motorcycle knowledge test.
11. Pass a skills test.
Required Documentation
Documents should be valid/unexpired originals or certified copies
1. Completed Driver License or Identification Card Application
2. Any existing Driver License or Permit
3. If applicable, Birth/Legal Presence Document
4. If applicable, two proofs of California Residency
5. If applicable, proof of Legal Name Change
Fees
$33 for a Motorcycle License
$33 to add a Motorcycle Endorsement to an existing Class C License
$34 to add a Motorcycle Endorsement to an existing Non-Commercial Class A or B License
$43 to add a Motorcycle Endorsement to an existing Commercial License
$27 for a duplicate Motorcycle License
$7 to retake the Motorcycle Skills Test
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Languages
The Department of Motor Vehicles provides interpreters, including American Sign Language
interpreters, at no cost to the customer.
If you need an interpreter, contact the DMV staff and an appointment will be scheduled for when
a foreign language or an ASL interpreter is available.
Knowledge Test Information

All the knowledge test questions are based on information in the 2016 Motorcycle Handbook.
The test consists of 30 multiple-choice questions. You must correctly answer 24 questions to
pass the test.
The use of testing aids is strictly prohibited. This includes, but is not limited to, the California
Motorcycle Handbook, California Driver Handbook, cheat sheets, or electronic communication
devices. If any testing aids are used during the knowledge test, the knowledge test will be marked
as a failure. Action may also be taken by the DMV against your driving privilege or the driving
privilege of anyone who assists you in cheating during the examination process.
To allow sufficient time for testing, the DMV will not administer knowledge tests after 4:30 p.m.
Official california Handbook URL

Official california Handbook URL
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Top 30 Questions & Answers
1. Helmets are:
› Required to be worn by both motorcycle operators and passengers.
All operators and passengers must wear a U.S. Department of Transportation-compliant

motorcycle safety helmet when riding a motorcycle, motor-driven cycle, or motorized
bicycle.
2. By law, motorcycle helmets must be:
› U.S. Department of Transportation-compliant.
All operators and passengers must wear a U.S. Department of Transportation-compliant

safety helmet when riding a motorcycle, motor-driven cycle, or motorized bicycle. The
manufacturer of the helmet must certify that the helmet meets federal standards.
3. When selecting a jacket that will be used as protective apparel, a motorcycle rider should look for
a jacket that is:
› Made of leather or synthetic materials.
When riding a motorcycle, it is highly recommended that you wear protective apparel. Look
for a jacket that completely covers your arms and fits snugly but still allows you to move
freely. Leather or sturdy synthetic materials with integrated body armor offer the best
protection.
4. Before riding, a motorcycle operator should check the clutch. A properly working clutch should
feel:
› Tight and smooth.
Check your clutch and throttle before riding your motorcycle. The throttle should snap back
when you let go and the clutch should feel tight and smooth.
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5. If a motorcycle rider takes a turn too fast, they may:
› Unintentionally leave the road.
Taking a turn or curve too fast may cause a rider to lose control of their motorcycle. The
motorcycle may cross into another lane of traffic or careen off the road.
6. If using saddlebags to carry a load, you should:
› Load the bags as evenly as possible.
Saddlebags should be loaded with approximately equal weights. If a load is distributed

unevenly between bags, it may cause the motorcycle to drift to one side.
7. It can be difficult to ride right after it starts raining because:
› Pavement will be especially slippery.
Pavement can be particularly slippery after it has just started to rain. Oil from vehicles will
have not yet washed away from the surface of the road, forming a slippery mixture with the
water.
8. A sign that your front tire has gone flat is that your steering suddenly feels:
› Heavy.
If steering suddenly feels heavy, it is possible that your front tire has gone flat. Stop riding
and check your tires as soon as possible.
9. A sign that your rear tire has suddenly gone flat is that:
› The back of your motorcycle is swaying from side to side.
If the rear tire of a motorcycle goes flat, the back of the motorcycle may jerk or sway from
side to side. If you experience this movement when riding your motorcycle, you should stop
riding and check your tires as soon as possible.
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10. The proper action to take when riding an unfamiliar motorcycle for the first time is to:
› Work the throttle, clutch, and brakes before riding to learn the bike's gear pattern.
Every bike is a little different, so don't start riding an unfamiliar motorcycle without first
familiarizing yourself with how it operates. Do a safety and maintenance check; find out
where everything is located; and work the throttle, clutch, and brakes a few times to learn its
gear pattern.
11. Compared to a car, a motorcycle needs _____ attention.
› More frequent
Compared to a car, a motorcycle requires more frequent attention. If something is wrong

with a motorcycle, it is essential that the operator identify the problem before getting into
traffic or operating the bike at freeway speeds.
12. To reduce the chances of a collision, a motorcyclist should:
› Scan their path of travel, looking at least 10 to 15 seconds ahead of their motorcycle.
To reduce the risk of being involved in a collision, consistently scan your path of travel at
least 10 to 15 seconds ahead of your motorcycle. Scanning the road ahead will give you time
to react to a hazard before meeting the hazard.
13. When sitting on a motorcycle, you should:
› Sit so you can use your arms to control the motorcycle.
Sit with a posture that allows you to use your arms to control your motorcycle. You should
not be positioned in a way that requires your arms to prop up your body and support your
weight.
14. When sitting on a motorcycle, your arms should:
› Be slightly bent when holding the handle grips.
Your arms should be slightly bent when you are holding the handle grips of a motorcycle.
Bending your arms reduces arm fatigue and permits you to press on the handlebars without
having to stretch.
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15. When riding a motorcycle, your feet should be:
› On the footrests for balance.
When riding, your feet should be kept firmly on your motorcycle's footrests for balance. Your
toes should not be pointed downward, as this may cause them to get caught between the
road and the footrests.
16. When slowing or stopping a motorcycle, you should:
› Shift down through the gears.
You should shift down through the gears with the clutch as you slow or stop. Remain in first
gear while stopped so you can move quickly, if needed.
17. Before starting a turn, a motorcyclist should change gears to:
› Prevent a change in power in the middle of the turn.
It is best to change gears before starting a turn. Shifting gears while in the turn can cause a
sudden change in power to the rear wheel, causing a skid. If you must change gears while in
a turn, change gears smoothly to best prevent skidding.
18. In the center of a traffic lane, there is usually an oily strip. Motorcyclists should:
› Avoid riding on the oil and grease buildup.
Avoid riding on oil and grease buildup. Because the oily strip in the center of a lane is usually
no more than two feet wide, it is often possible to stay to the left or right side of the oil and
still be in the center portion of the lane.
19. HOV lanes can be used by motorcyclists:
› Unless otherwise posted.
In California, motorcyclists are generally allowed to use High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lanes.
Be alert to and obey any posted signs prohibiting motorcyclists from using HOV lanes.
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20. A motorcyclist may not place a toll road transponder:
› Under their seat.
There are five locations where it is permissible to place a transponder or other electronic toll
payment device, provided that toll readers can detect it. A transponder may be placed in a
motorcyclist's pocket, inside a cycle net draped across the gas tank of the motorcycle, on a
license plate device, in a storage compartment on the motorcycle, or on the windshield of
the motorcycle.
21. Under normal conditions, a motorcyclist should maintain a following distance of at least:
› Two seconds.
Motorcyclists should maintain a minimum two-second following distance under normal

conditions. Any time conditions are less than perfect, a larger following distance is
recommended.
22. When other vehicles are slowed or stopped:
› A motorcyclist should not weave between lanes of traffic.
Riding between rows of stopped or slowly moving vehicles can be dangerous. Vehicles may
change lanes, doors may open, or arms may be stuck out of vehicles' windows. Despite their
size, motorcycles need the full width of a lane to operate safely.
23. In areas where dangers could be present, a motorcyclist should:
› Cover the clutch and both brake levers to reduce their reaction time.
In high-risk areas, such as intersections, shopping areas, schools, or construction zones, a

motorcyclist should reduce their speed. They should cover the clutch and both brake levers
to reduce their reaction time in the case of an emergency.
24. When nearing a blind intersection, you should:
› Change your lane position to become more visible to other drivers.
When approaching a blind intersection, move into the lane position that makes you the most
visible to surrounding drivers.
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25. If you are passing a row of parked vehicles to your right and there is no oncoming traffic to your
left, you should ride:
› In the left portion of your lane.
If you are passing a row of parked vehicles to your right and there is no oncoming traffic to
your left, you should ride in the left portion of your lane. This will help you avoid hazards,
such as car doors that are opening and pedestrians who are stepping out from between
vehicles. If there is oncoming traffic, it is best to remain in the center portion of your lane to
maximize the amount of space around you.
26. When parked on the road, a motorcycle should:
› Create an angle with the curb that is between 45 and 90 degrees.
When parked on the road, a motorcycle should create an angle with the curb that is between
45 and 90 degrees. A wheel or fender should be touching the curb.
27. How far in advance should a motorcyclist signal a turn?
› 100 feet
You should signal a left or right turn 100 feet before beginning the turn. This should give
surrounding operators time to safely react to your intentions.
28. When riding on a highway, a motorcyclist should signal _______ before changing lanes.
› Five seconds
When riding on the highway, a motorcyclist should signal a lane change at least five seconds
in advance. This should give surrounding operators time to safely react to the motorcyclist's
intentions.
29. If bright sunlight makes it difficult for drivers to see a motorcycle's mechanical turn signals, the
rider should:
› Use hand signals.
Use hand signals when bright sunlight makes your mechanical signals difficult for other
drivers to see. It is extremely important to clearly communicate with other road users.
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30. You should flash your brake light to:
› Tell other motorists that you are going to slow down or stop where they don't expect you
to do so.
Motorcycle riders should use their brake lights to communicate with other road users. It is
particularly important for a motorcyclist to flash their brake light before slowing down to
make a tight, fast turn off of a high-speed roadway. Motorcyclists should flash their brake
lights when slowing in any location where other drivers may not expect them to slow down.
31. Use your mirrors when stopping at an intersection:
› To determine if drivers behind you are aware that you are stopping.
It is important to consistently check vehicles approaching your motorcycle from behind to

determine if drivers are paying attention to you and your movements. Use your mirrors when
stopping at an intersection to make sure approaching drivers are responding appropriately to
your actions.
32. When riding at night, maintain a minimum following distance of:
› Three seconds.
Because it can be difficult to judge distances in the dark, ride with a following distance of at
least three seconds when traveling at night.
33. If you are riding behind another vehicle at night, you can determine if there are bumps on the
road ahead by:
› Noticing the other vehicle’s taillights bouncing up and down.
To determine upcoming road conditions when riding at night, use the vehicle ahead of you.
For example, the headlights of the vehicle may provide a better view of the road than your
own high beam. If the vehicle's taillights bounce up and down, this indicates the presence of
bumps on the road.
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34. When a motorcyclist needs to stop quickly, they should:
› Apply both brakes at the same time.
To stop quickly, apply both brakes at the same time. Scan the road ahead to help you avoid
the need for last-minute stops.
35. If your front wheel locks while you are stopping, you should:
› Immediately release the front brake, then re-apply the brake firmly.
If your front wheel locks while you are making a quick stop, release the front brake
immediately and then re-apply it firmly. Use both the front and rear brakes if you need to
stop quickly.
36. If your rear wheel locks up while you are stopping on a surface with good traction, you should:
› Keep the wheel locked until you have stopped completely.
If you accidentally lock the rear wheel while stopping on a surface with good traction, you
can keep it locked until you have completely stopped. Even with a locked rear wheel, you can
control your motorcycle if it is upright and traveling in a straight line.
37. A motorcyclist should attempt to avoid obstacles on the roadway. If avoiding an obstacle is not
possible, the motorcyclist should:
› Try to approach the obstacle at as close to a 90-degree angle as possible.
If you are unable to avoid an obstacle and must instead ride over it, you should slow down
and approach the obstacle at as close to a 90-degree angle as possible.
38. After riding over an object on the road, you should:
› Pull to the side of the road and check your tires and rims for damage.
After riding over an object on the roadway, you should pull off the road to check your tires
and rims for damage before traveling any farther. Ensure that nothing is caught in the drive
chain or belt before proceeding.
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39. When carrying a passenger, a motorcycle takes:
› More time than usual to stop and speed up.
The more weight being carried by a motorcycle, the more time the motorcycle takes to
accelerate and decelerate. Your motorcycle will respond to your commands more slowly
when carrying a passenger than it will when you are the only person on the bike.
40. It is illegal to operate a motorcycle with a minimum blood alcohol content (BAC) of:
› 0.08 percent.
In California, it is illegal for a person age 21 or older to operate a motorcycle with a blood
alcohol content (BAC) of 0.08 percent or higher. For a person under the age of 21, it is illegal
to operate a motorcycle with a BAC of 0.01 percent or higher. It may be unsafe to operate a
motorcycle even if you are under the legal limit.
41. The best way to avoid fatigue when riding your motorcycle on a long trip is to:
› Take frequent breaks to rest.
To avoid becoming fatigued when riding your motorcycle on a long trip, limit how much time
is spent riding each day and take frequent rest breaks. Avoid the use of artificial stimulants
because you may experience extreme fatigue when they start to wear off.
42. When riding with a passenger on your motorcycle, you should instruct the passenger to:
› Not talk or move unnecessarily.
Tell passengers to avoid unnecessary conversation or movement while on a moving

motorcycle. Passengers should get onto a motorcycle only after the engine is started. They
should sit as far forward as possible without crowding the operator.
43. Upshifting or downshifting in a curve:
› Should only be done if it can be done smoothly.
It is best to change gears before starting a turn. However, if you must shift while turning,
shift smoothly. A sudden change in power to the rear wheel can cause a skid.
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44. A passenger on a motorcycle should:
› Sit as far forward as possible without crowding the operator.
A passenger on a motorcycle should sit as far forward as possible without crowding the
operator. The passenger should keep both feet on the footrests at all times, even when
stopped.
45. A primary cause of single-vehicle motorcycle collisions is:
› Motorcyclists turning too wide in a curve or turn.
A primary cause of single-vehicle collisions is motorcyclists running too wide in a curve or

turn. Taking a turn too wide can cause a motorcycle to leave the roadway or collide with an
object.
46. When riding at night, you should:
› Reduce your speed and increase your following distance.
When riding at night, reduce your speed and increase your following distance. Visibility is
lowered at night and you will need the additional time and space to react to upcoming
hazards.
47. You should operate the engine cut-off switch and pull in the clutch when:
› The throttle is stuck and you cannot free it.
If the throttle becomes stuck and you are unable to free it, immediately operate the engine
cut-off switch and pull in the clutch at the same time. This will remove power from the rear
wheel until you are able to safely leave the road and stop.
48. Before every ride, you should:
› Clean and adjust your mirrors.
Before every ride, be sure your mirrors are clean and properly adjusted. It is important to be
aware of what surrounds your motorcycle, and properly adjusted mirrors can help you do
this.
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49. When your mirrors are properly adjusted, you should see:
› The lane behind you and the lane next to you.
Adjust your mirrors so you can see the lane behind you and as much as possible of the lane
next to you. When properly adjusted, a mirror may show the edge of your arm or shoulder,
but it’s the road behind you and to the side of you that is most important.
50. When approaching multiple hazards at one time, you should:
› Identify and separate the hazards.
When approaching multiple hazards at one time, you must be able to identify and separate
the hazards. If possible, react to and safely pass one hazard before dealing with the next.
51. What are the four steps to safely completing a turn?
› Slow, look, press, and roll.
To safely complete a turn, a rider should slow, look, press, and roll. The rider should reduce
their speed when approaching the turn and look through the turn to where they want to go.
They should press the handle grip in the direction of the turn and roll on the throttle through
the turn to stabilize suspension.
52. When an operator's left arm is bent at the elbow and pointing downward, it means the operator:
› Is slowing or stopping.
Instead of mechanical turn signals, operators may use hand signals to indicate turns or
stops. If an operator's left arm is bent at the elbow and pointing downward, it means the
operator plans to slow down or stop.
53. When an operator's left arm is bent at the elbow and pointing upward, it means the operator:
› Is turning right.
stops. If an operator's left arm is bent at the elbow and pointing upward, it means the
operator plans to turn right or change lanes to the right.
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54. When an operator's left arm is extended straight out to the left, it means the operator:
› Is turning left.
stops. If an operator's left arm is extended straight out to the left, it means the operator
plans to turn left or change lanes to the left.
55. When riding on a slippery surface, you should:
› Avoid making sudden moves.
Avoid making sudden moves when riding on a slippery surface. Any sudden change in speed
or direction can cause a skid. Operate as smoothly as possible when speeding up, shifting
gears, turning, or braking.
56. The first thing you should do if your throttle becomes stuck is:
› Twist the throttle back and forth.
If your throttle becomes stuck, try twisting it back and forth several times. If this does not
free your throttle, immediately operate the engine cut-off switch and pull in the clutch at the
same time.
57. When involved in a reportable collision, an operator must report the collision to the DMV within
____ days.
› 10
When involved in a reportable collision, an operator must report the collision to the DMV
within 10 days. Any collision resulting in injury or $1,000 worth of damage must be reported.
58. When passing another vehicle, you should:
› Move out of its blind spot as quickly as possible.
Get out of another vehicle's blind spot as quickly as possible. When passing another vehicle,
you should move into the passing lane and accelerate past the vehicle.
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59. Road users should always:
› Scan the road ahead of, next to, and behind their vehicles.
Always be aware of what is surrounding your vehicle. Be especially alert in areas with limited
visibility.
60. When approaching a blind intersection, riders should:
› Stop at the stop line before moving forward to improve their view of cross traffic.
When approaching a blind intersection that is controlled by a stop line or stop sign, you must
first stop where indicated. You may then edge forward and stop again just short of where
the cross traffic lane meets your lane. From that position, lean your body forward and look
around buildings, parked cars, or bushes to see if anything is approaching. Make sure your
front wheel stays out of the crossroad while you are looking.
61. A motorcyclist should attempt to avoid obstacles on the roadway. If avoiding an obstacle is not
possible, the motorcyclist should:
› Rise slightly off their seat.
If you are unable avoid an obstacle and must instead ride over it, slow down and approach
the obstacle at as close to a 90-degree angle as possible. Rise slightly off the seat with your
weight on the footrests to absorb the shock with your knees and elbows and avoid being
thrown off the motorcycle.
62. When a group of riders is passing another vehicle on a two-lane road, the riders should:
› Pass one at a time.
When a group of motorcyclists is passing another vehicle on a two-lane road, the riders
should pass the vehicle one at a time. Each motorcyclist should complete their pass before
the next rider's pass begins.
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63. In general, when riding at night, your headlight should:
› Be used on its high beam setting.
Using your high beam headlight will help you see and will help other drivers see you. Use
your high beam headlight any time you are not riding behind or approaching other vehicles.
64. During the day, your headlight should:
› Be used on its high beam setting.
Using your high beam headlight during the day increases the likelihood that other drivers will
see you. Use your high beam headlight any time you are not riding behind or approaching
other vehicles.
65. To be effective, a face shield should not:
› Be airtight.
An effective face shield should be free of scratches, be resistant to penetration, allow clear
views to both sides, fasten securely, permit air to pass through, and provide enough space
for eyeglasses or sunglasses to be worn underneath. It is important for a face shield to
permit the passage of air because an airtight face shield can create fogging and make it
difficult for a rider to see.
66. To be seen in the rearview mirror of the driver ahead of you, you should:
› Ride in the center portion of the lane.
If you are following a car, the driver is most likely to notice you if you position yourself behind
them in the center of your lane. This lane position places you in the driver's rearview mirror.
Most drivers check their rearview mirrors much more frequently than they check their side
mirrors.
67. A motorcyclist can discourage other vehicles from lane sharing by:
› Riding in the center portion of a lane.
Any time a driver may be tempted to try to squeeze into your lane next to you, ride in the
center portion of the lane to discourage them from doing so.
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68. Where is the greatest potential for conflict between a motorcycle and other traffic?
› Intersections
The greatest potential for conflict between your motorcycle and other traffic is at
intersections. Be extra alert when riding somewhere where another vehicle may cross in
front of your path of travel.
69. If you must brake and swerve to avoid a hazard, you should:
› Either brake then swerve or swerve then brake.
If a hazard requires you to brake and swerve to avoid a collision, you should take the actions
separately. Do not brake while swerving because doing so may cause your motorcycle to fall
over.
70. When riding in curves, turning, or entering a highway, the best group formation is:
› Single-file.
While riding in a staggered formation is generally the best option when traveling in a group,
riders should move into a single-file line through curves, through turns, and when entering
or exiting a highway.
71. If either tire goes flat while riding, you should:
› Gently apply the brake of the non-flat tire.
If one of your tires goes flat while you are riding, you should ease off the throttle and
maintain a straight course as you slow down. If you must brake, gradually apply the brake of
the tire that is not flat, if you are certain of which tire that is.
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72. If your motorcycle begins to weave while you are riding over rain grooves or bridge gratings,
you should:
› Relax, maintain a steady speed, and ride straight across the surface.
The weaving motion that occurs when a motorcycle rides over rain grooves or bridge
gratings is generally not dangerous. If you experience weaving when riding over one of these
surfaces, simply relax and proceed straight across the grooves or gratings at a steady speed.
Trying to compensate for the weaving motion by zigzagging is more dangerous than riding
straight.
73. A plastic, shatter-resistant face shield:
› Helps protect your whole face.
A plastic, shatter-resistant face shield can help protect your whole face if you are involved in
a crash. Goggles protect your eyes, but not the rest of your face. A windshield is not an
adequate substitute for googles or a face shield.
74. More than half of all crashes:
› Involve riders who have ridden their motorcycles for less than six months.
Always take extra care when riding a new or unfamiliar motorcycle. Most crashes involve
riders who have had less than six months of experience with the motorcycle that they are
using.
75. When it starts raining, it is usually best to:
› Ride in the tire tracks left by cars.
Avoid riding down the center of a lane under wet conditions. Instead, ride in the tire tracks
left by the cars ahead of you. The left tire track will often be best, but this can vary
depending on traffic and other conditions.
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76. It is important to flash your brake light when:
› Someone is following too closely.
It is a good idea to flash your brake light before slowing if someone is following you too
closely. The other driver may be focused on you and be unaware of the upcoming hazard
that is causing you to slow down. It is also important to flash your brake light if you are about
to slow down in a place where other drivers might not expect you to do so.
77. To swerve correctly, you should:
› Press the handle grip in the direction you plan to swerve.
If you must swerve to avoid a hazard, apply a small amount of pressure to the appropriate
handle grip. To swerve to the left, press the left handle grip, then press the right to recover.
To swerve to the right, press the right handle grip, then the left.
78. If braking in a curve:
› You may have less traction as you lean into the curve.
It is possible to use both brakes while turning, but it must be done with great care. Some of
the tires' usual traction is being used to make the turn while the motorcycle is leaning, so
less traction is available for stopping.
79. When looking through a turn, you should:
› Turn just your head, not your shoulders.
When turning, look through the turn to where you want to go. Turn just your head, not your
shoulders, and keep your eyes level with the horizon.
80. To lean a motorcycle when making a turn, you should:
› Press on the handgrip in the direction of the turn.
To turn, a motorcycle must lean. To make the motorcycle lean, press on the handgrip in the
direction of the turn.
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81. After entering a turn, you should roll on the throttle and:
› Maintain a steady speed or accelerate gradually.
Roll on the throttle through a turn to stabilize your suspension. Maintain a steady speed or
accelerate gradually through the turn.
82. To help other drivers see you, you should wear:
› Brightly-colored clothes.
Wearing brightly-colored clothing will help you to be seen by other road users. Wear clothes
that increase your visibility both during the day and at night.
83. When braking on a slippery surface, you should:
› Use both brakes.
To ride safely on a slippery surface, you should reduce your speed and avoid making sudden
moves. Use both brakes if you must slow down or stop.
84. Impairment from drinking alcohol occurs:
› Well below the legal limit.
It is never safe to operate a motorcycle after consuming any amount of alcohol. Impairment
of the skills needed to safely ride begins well below the legal limit.
85. A properly-fitted motorcycle:
› Allows the rider to touch the ground with their feet while seated.
If your motorcycle fits you properly, your feet should be able to reach the ground while you
are seated. When riding your motorcycle, keep your feet firmly on the footrests.
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86. When riding in a group, inexperienced riders should position themselves:
› Just behind the leader.
In a group of motorcyclists, less experienced riders should be positioned toward the front,
just behind the leader. This ensures that they will not have to chase after the rest of the
group. This positioning also allows them to be watched from behind by more experienced
riders.
87. When riding downhill or shifting into first gear, you may need to:
› Use your brakes to slow down before downshifting safely.
Before shifting into a lower gear, make sure you are riding slowly enough to shift safely.
Downshifting while going too fast may cause the motorcycle to lurch and the rear wheel to
skid. When riding downhill or shifting into first gear, you may need to use the brakes to slow
to a safe speed before downshifting.
88. If attempting to brake in a curve, you should:
› Brake more gradually than you would on a straightaway.
Because tires have less traction when a motorcycle is leaning than when it is upright, always
try to position your motorcycle in an upright position before braking. If you must brake while
in a curve, apply the brakes more smoothly and gradually than if your motorcycle was
traveling on a straightaway.
89. When entering a turn, a rider should:
› Reduce their speed.
Before entering a turn, a motorcyclist should reduce their speed by closing the throttle and,
if necessary, applying both brakes.
90. In a slow, tight turn, the rider should:
› Counterbalance the leaning motorcycle by keeping their body upright.
When taking normal turns, lean at the same angle as your motorcycle. However, in slow, tight
turns, you should counterbalance the leaning motorcycle by keeping your body upright.
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91. Most motorcycles have rounded, or convex, mirrors. These mirrors:
› Make cars seem farther away than they actually are.
In comparison to flat mirrors, convex mirrors provide a wider view of the road behind you.
They also make objects seem farther away than they actually are. You should practice
judging distances in convex mirrors if you are not used to them.
92. If you cannot avoid a slippery road, you should:
› Keep your motorcycle upright and proceed as slowly as needed.
It is best to entirely avoid slippery stretches of road. However, if there is no way to avoid
such an area, keep your motorcycle upright and proceed as slowly as possible.
93. When riding with a passenger, you should:
› Ride a little more slowly than usual.
Your motorcycle will sit lower than normal under the additional weight of a passenger. To
accommodate, you should ride a bit more slowly than usual, particularly when riding through
curves, through corners, or over bumps. The extra weight also means that your motorcycle
will take longer than usual to speed up, slow down, or stop, so you should maintain a larger
space cushion when carrying a passenger.
94. The single most effective thing you can do to improve your chances of surviving an accident is:
› Wear a helmet.
The single most important measure you can take to reduce your risk of injury or death in the
event of an accident is to wear a helmet.
95. In hot weather, wearing a riding jacket:
› Can help protect against heat exhaustion and dehydration.
A riding jacket and long pants should still be worn when riding in hot weather. In addition to
their other safety benefits, they can protect a rider from heat exhaustion and dehydration.
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96. Motorcycle riders should choose footwear with soles that:
› Are made of hard, durable, slip-resistant material.
Choose riding boots or shoes that are high and sturdy enough to cover and support your
ankles. Choose footwear with soles made of hard, durable, slip-resistant material.
97. When riding a motorcycle, you should:
› Assume other drivers can’t see you.
Because motorcycles are small in stature and have fewer and smaller lights than other
vehicles, they can be difficult to see. For your safety, it is best to ride defensively and
assume that others on the road do not see you.
98. When cars are merging from an entrance ramp:
› A motorcyclist should never assume the entering drivers see them.
Always allow merging cars plenty of space and never assume that the drivers see you.
Change lanes away from the entering traffic, if possible. If there is no room for a lane
change, adjust your speed to allow for safe merging.
99. When traveling at night, it is:
› More difficult to judge distances than it is during the day.
It is almost always more difficult to judge distances when traveling in the dark than it is
when traveling in daylight. Shadows and light contrasts are important cues to the distance
of an object. When you must rely on artificial lighting to see the roadway at night, natural
contrasts and shadows may be distorted or entirely absent.
100. An approved helmet:
› Allows the wearer to see as far to the sides as necessary.
Any approved helmet will allow a rider to see as far to the sides as is necessary for safe
riding. Approved helmets will have labels and markings providing the manufacturer's name,
relevant information and instructions, and information about the standards the helmet
meets.
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101. To increase your line of sight when preparing to pass another vehicle on its left, you should:
› Ride in the left portion of your lane.
When preparing to pass another vehicle on its left, you should ride in the left portion of your
lane. This will increase your line of sight and make you more visible to oncoming traffic.
102. When it is obvious that you are going to turn, you:
› Should still use a turn signal.
You must use proper turn signals every time you turn or change lanes, even if you think your
intentions are obvious. Signals are always important, even if no one else seems to be around
to see them. There may be other vehicles nearby that you can't see or haven't yet noticed.
103. On a motorcycle, a horn:
› Can be used to get someone’s attention quickly.
Your horn can be a useful tool if you need to get someone's attention quickly. However,
because a motorcycle's horn is not as loud as a car's, other drivers may not notice that you
are sounding your horn. You should never rely only on your horn to deal with a hazard.
104. As weight transfers to the front of your bike while you are braking, you should:
› Gradually increase pressure to the front brake.
While you are braking, gradually increase the amount of pressure applied to the front brake
lever as the weight of the bike is transferred forward to the front tire.
105. When crossing railroad tracks that are parallel to the road, you should:
› Try to cross the tracks at a 45-degree angle.
To safely cross railroad tracks, trolley tracks, or pavement seams running parallel to your
lane, move to a lane position that will allow you to cross them at an angle of at least 45
degrees. Then, make a quick, sharp turn. If you try to edge across, the tracks or seam could
catch your tires and throw you off balance.
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106. If you are being chased by a dog, you should:
› Approach the animal slowly, then quickly accelerate away from the dog as it approaches.
If you see a dog approaching your motorcycle, slow down and downshift until you are close
to the dog. Quickly accelerate away from the animal as it approaches.
107. Long-term exposure to wind noise:
› Can cause irreversible hearing damage.
Long-term exposure to wind noise can cause permanent damage to your hearing. Using ear
protection when you ride should protect you from the dangers of wind noise while still
allowing you to hear important sounds, like sirens or car horns.
108. You should pick a lane position that:
› Best increases your visibility and allows for a safe cushion of space.
Position yourself in the portion of the lane where you are most likely to be seen by other road
users and where you can maintain a space cushion around your motorcycle. There is no
single lane position that is always best and no single lane position that should always be
avoided. A responsible rider adjusts their position as conditions change.
109. Passengers should:
› Hold onto the rider's hips, waist, or belt.
Before beginning your ride, tell your passenger to maintain a firm grasp on your hips, waist,
or belt. If there are secure handholds for your passenger, they may also hold those.
110. When riding, jackets and pants should:
› Be snug enough to keep from flapping in the wind.
Jackets and pants should fit snugly enough that they do not flap in the wind, but also
loosely enough that you are able to move freely.
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111. If your motorcycle begins to wobble, you should:
› Grip the handlebars firmly and close the throttle gradually.
Trying to accelerate out of a wobble is dangerous and will only make your motorcycle more
unstable. Instead, grip the handlebars firmly (without trying to fight the wobble), gradually
close the throttle to slow down, and move your weight as far forward and downward as
possible. Pull off the road as soon as you can.
112. If traveling with a load, the load should be:
› Secured as low as possible.
If not carried in saddlebags, loads should be secured as low as possible. Attaching a load to a
sissy bar can raise the motorcycle's center of gravity and upset its balance.
113. Shifting into a lower gear causes an effect similar to:
› Using the brakes.
Shifting your motorcycle into a lower gear causes an effect similar to applying the brakes.
This is known as engine braking.
114. Your lane position should:
› Avoid other road users' blind spots.
A properly chosen lane position should help you to see others and be seen by them. Avoid
riding in another driver's blind spot for a long period of time.
115. Your lane position should help you:
› Communicate your intentions to other drivers.
A properly chosen lane position should protect your lane from other drivers while
communicating your intentions to them.
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116. Using the front and rear brakes simultaneously:
› Allows for maximum braking power.
Maximum straight-line braking is accomplished by fully and simultaneously applying the

front and rear brakes without locking either wheel.
117. To stay safe on a long trip, you should:
› Not use artificial stimulants.
To reduce the risk of fatigue on a long trip, dress to protect yourself against tiring elements,
such as wind and rain. Limit yourself to no more than about six hours of riding per day and
take a rest break at least every two hours. Avoid using artificial stimulants because they may
cause extreme fatigue when they begin to wear off.
118. Alcohol begins to affect the body:
› Within minutes of being consumed.
Alcohol does not need to be digested to enter the bloodstream. It is able to reach the brain
and begin to affect the drinker's body within minutes of being consumed.
119. During normal turns:
› The motorcycle and rider should lean in the same direction.
In a normal turn, the rider and the motorcycle should lean together at the same angle. In a
slow, tight turn, the motorcycle should lean while the rider counterbalances by keeping their
body upright.
120. When riding in a group, riders should:
› All maintain safe following distances.
When riding in a group, it is generally best to travel in a staggered formation. This formation
allows riders to remain in close ranks while still maintaining safe following distances.
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121. Taking over-the-counter medication before riding:
› May affect your riding abilities and should be done with caution.
Many drugs, including legal prescription and over-the-counter medications, have side
effects that can impair your ability to safely operate a motorcycle. Always talk to your doctor
about how a new medication may affect your driving or riding abilities.
122. To get the best possible protection, wear a helmet that:
› Fits snugly.
Choose a helmet that meets U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) and state standards. It
should fit you snugly all the way around and be free of obvious defects.
123. When being passed, do not move into the portion of the lane farthest from the passing vehicle
because:
› The passing vehicle may re-enter your lane too early.
When being passed, you should not ride on the side of your lane that is farthest from the
passing vehicle. Doing so may tempt the driver to return to your lane before there is actually
room for them to do so safely.
124. Making eye contact with another driver:
› Doesn’t mean that they will properly yield to you.
You should never take eye contact with another driver as a guarantee that they will properly
yield to you. It is not uncommon for a driver to look directly at a motorcyclist and still fail to
notice them.
125. Most motorcycle crashes occur:
› In broad daylight.
Most motorcycle crashes happen in broad daylight. Wearing bright colors and reflective
materials is always recommended when riding, even during the day.
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126. The best lane position:
› Varies based on road, weather, and traffic conditions.
There is no single lane position that is always best and no single lane position that should
always be avoided. You should vary your lane position in response to changes in riding
conditions.
127. Usually, a good way to handle a tailgater is to:
› Change lanes and let them pass.
Usually, the best way to handle a tailgater is to get them in front of you. If you can do so
safely, change lanes and let them pass. Speeding up may only increase the danger by
encouraging them to follow you at a faster speed.
128. When you are stopped, you:
› Should remain in first gear.
Shift down through the gears with the clutch as you slow or stop. Remain in first gear while
you are stopped so you can move quickly if needed.
129. When changing lanes, you should:
› Signal, use your mirrors, and turn your head.
Always use the proper turn signal before a turn or lane change. Use your mirrors and
perform head checks before changing lanes to check for traffic surrounding your vehicle.
130. To properly control a motorcycle, you should:
› Keep your knees against the gas tank.
When riding, you should be positioned so that you are able to easily operate all controls. Sit
with your arms slightly bent and use your arms to steer rather than to hold up your body.
Keep your knees against the gas tank to help maintain your balance during turns.
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131. When carrying a passenger, you should:
› Equip and adjust your motorcycle to carry the passenger.
You should transport a passenger only if your motorcycle is appropriately equipped and
adjusted to do so. Among other things, your motorcycle should have separate footrests for
the passenger and a seat that is large enough for more than one person to sit comfortably.
You may need to adjust your headlight, tire pressure, and suspension to accommodate the
extra weight of a passenger.
132. Who should set the pace in a group of riders?
› The rider in back
The last rider in a group of motorcyclists should set the pace of travel. Having the last rider
set the pace will ensure that no riders are left behind.
133. When being passed by another vehicle, you should:
› Ride in the center portion of your lane.
When being passed, it is generally safest to ride in the center portion of your lane. Riding on
the side of the lane nearest the passing driver increases the danger of a collision, and riding
on the side farthest from the passing driver may tempt them to return to your lane too soon.
134. If you are hit by a wind blast caused by a passing vehicle, you will have the most room for
error if you are riding:
› In the center portion of the lane.
If you are in the middle portion of your lane, you will have the greatest room for error if your
control is disrupted by a wind blast from a passing vehicle.
135. Riding directly alongside another vehicle is discouraged because:
› You may be in the other vehicle’s blind spot.
Riding alongside another vehicle is dangerous because you could be riding in the vehicle's
blind spot. The driver may enter your lane without warning if they can't see you. The vehicle
will also block your route of escape if a hazard arises.
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136. When stopping behind a vehicle, you should:
› Stay well behind the vehicle.
Stay well behind the vehicle in front of you, even if you are both stopped. The vehicle could
back up unexpectedly, or you may need space to get out of the way of another vehicle
bearing down on you from behind.
137. Riding gloves should:
› Be worn to provide a better grip on the handgrips.
Gloves made of leather, or another durable material, should be worn when riding. They will
provide you with an improved grip on the handgrips, as well as help protect your hands in
the event of a crash.
138. When riding in a group, the best riding formation is generally:
› A staggered formation.
A staggered formation is generally best when riding in a group. You should move into a
single-file line when turning, riding in a curve, or entering or exiting a highway.
139. To prevent fatigue on a long trip, you should:
› Dress warmly, since wind and cold can cause fatigue.
To reduce the chances of becoming fatigued while riding, dress to protect yourself against
tiring weather conditions, such as wind and rain. Limit yourself to no more than about six
hours of riding per day and stop for a break at least once every two hours. Avoid taking
artificial stimulants since you may experience extreme fatigue when they start to wear off.
140. When passing a row of parked cars, a motorcycle operator should be prepared for:
› A motorist to unexpectedly pull out of a parking space and into traffic.
When passing a row of parked cars, a motorcyclist should be prepared for a parked car to
suddenly pull out of a parking space and into traffic. It is often safest for a motorcyclist to
ride in the left portion of their lane when passing a row of parked cars on their right to create
the most possible space between their motorcycle and any potential hazards.
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141. A helmet should not:
› Have been previously worn in an accident.
You will get the greatest amount of protection from a helmet if it meets U.S. Department of
Transportation (DOT) and state standards, fits snugly all the way around, and has no obvious
defects. A helmet worn at the time of a crash should be replaced.
142. Motorcycles:
› Have blind spots that should be routinely checked.
Motorcycles have blind spots, just like any other vehicle. Always turn your head to check
your blind spot before changing lanes. Head checks should be a regular part of your
scanning routine.
143. If you are unable to avoid hitting an object in the roadway, you should:
› Slow down before contact.
If you cannot avoid hitting an obstacle in the roadway, you should try to hit it at as close to a
90-degree angle as possible. Slow down as much as you can before contact, keep your
motorcycle upright, rise slightly off of your seat, and roll the throttle slightly to lighten the
front end just before impact.
144. When approaching railroad tracks that cross your lane at an angle, it is usually:
› Safest to ride straight within your lane to cross the tracks.
When approaching railroad tracks that cross your lane at an angle, it is best to simply cross
the tracks while riding straight within your lane. Turning to cross the tracks at a 90-degree
angle could be dangerous because you could end up crossing into another lane of traffic.
145. When carrying a passenger on a motorcycle, you must:
› Have a seat that is large enough for two riders.
You should not carry a passenger unless your motorcycle has a seat that is large enough for
two riders. The motorcycle should be equipped with footrests for the passenger. Your
passenger should wear the same kind of protective gear that is recommended to operators.
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146. Before carrying a passenger in traffic for the first time, you should:
› Practice riding on an empty road.
Before transporting a passenger or heavy load in traffic for the first time, practice riding on a
quiet road to get used to how your motorcycle handles differently with the additional weight.
147. Which portion of the lane should be avoided?
› No portion of the lane should always be avoided.
There is no lane position that is always best and no lane position that should always be
avoided. Select a lane position that is appropriate for riding conditions.
148. Mirror checks:
› Should be part of your normal scanning routine.
Frequent mirror checks should be part of your normal searching routine. Additionally, make a
special point of using your mirrors before changing lanes, when stopping at an intersection,
and before slowing down.
149. When riding in rain or fog, you should:
› Use your low beam headlight.
You should use your low beam headlight when riding in snowy, rainy, or foggy weather. A
high beam headlight can reflect off of these conditions and make it more difficult for a rider
to see.
150. You should conduct a safety inspection of your motorcycle:
› Before every ride.
You should always conduct a thorough safety inspection of your motorcycle before you ride.
A small technical issue on a motorcycle can be more dangerous than a small technical issue
on a car.
Page 33
U.S. Traffic Signs
Yield Do Not Enter Wrong Way

Drivers must slow down and be Drivers are approaching Drivers are approaching
prepared to stop, yielding the one-way traffic from the wrong one-way traffic from the wrong
right-of-way to any pedestrians direction and should turn around direction and should turn around
and cross traffic. immediately. immediately.
Do Not Pass Pass with Care Keep Right

Passing is unsafe and prohibited Drivers may pass when it is safe Drivers are approaching an
in the indicated area. to do so. obstruction and should keep to
the right.
Keep Right No Bicycles No Pedestrians

Drivers are approaching an No bicycles are allowed in the No pedestrians are allowed in the
obstruction and should keep to indicated area. indicated area.
the right.
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No Trucks No Left Turn No Right Turn
The indicated area is not suitable Drivers may not perform a left Drivers may not perform a right
for use by large trucks. turn at the indicated turn at the indicated
intersection. intersection.
No U-Turn No Parking No Parking

Drivers may not perform a Parking is prohibited at any Parking is prohibited at any
U-turn at the indicated location. location where this sign is location where this sign is
posted. posted.
Limited Parking Pay Parking Right Turn Only

Parking is restricted in the Drivers may park in the indicated Traffic in the indicated lane must
indicated location during the location if they pay the required turn right at the intersection.
posted hours. fees and do not exceed the time
limit.
Page 35
Left Turn Only Straight Only Straight or Turn
Traffic in the indicated lane must Traffic in the indicated lane must Traffic in the indicated lane may
turn left at the intersection. continue straight through the continue straight or turn in the
intersection. direction of the arrow.
U-Turn Only Left Lane Must Turn Left Multiple Railroad Tracks
Traffic in the indicated lane must Drivers in the left lane must turn The roadway intersects with a
complete a U-turn. left at the indicated intersection. railroad crossing with multiple
tracks. Drivers must be sure all
tracks are clear before
proceeding.
Maximum Speed Limit Maximum and Minimum School Zone Speed Limit
This is the maximum speed at
Speed Limits During the posted times, or
which drivers may travel. Drivers Under ideal conditions, drivers when a warning light is flashing,
must drive at a lower speed if may not exceed the maximum drivers must follow a school
conditions require it. posted speed and may not drive zone's speed limit.
slower than the minimum posted
speed.
Page 36
End School Zone One-Way Traffic One-Way Traffic
A school zone and its restricted Traffic on the roadway moves Traffic on the roadway moves
speed limit come to an end. only in the direction indicated by only in the direction indicated by
the arrow. the arrow.
No Turn on Red Left Turn Yield on Green Speeding Fines Doubled

Drivers may not make a right or Drivers may make a left turn Fines for moving traffic
left turn when the traffic signal is when the traffic signal is green, violations are doubled in the
red. but they must first yield to indicated area. This sign is
pedestrians and oncoming commonly posted in work and
traffic. school zones.
Slower Traffic Keep Right Two-Way Left Turn Slow-Moving Vehicle

Slower-moving traffic should Traffic from both directions may A vehicle with a reflective orange
stay in the right lane. The left use the shared center lane to and red triangle on its rear is a
lane is reserved for turn left. slow-moving vehicle that often
faster-moving vehicles to pass travels at speeds slower than 25
slower-moving traffic. mph.
Page 37
Roundabout Reserved Handicap Parking Bicycle Lane
Traffic ahead moves in a Indicated parking spaces are The lane is reserved for
counterclockwise direction. reserved for vehicles with the bicyclists. Passenger vehicles
Drivers should enter at a low proper license plate or hanging may only enter a bicycle lane
speed and yield to traffic already tag registered to a person in the when turning.
using the circle. vehicle.
High Occupancy Vehicle Restricted Lane Ends Stop

Lane Prior lane restrictions come to an Drivers must come to a complete
The lane is reserved during the end. stop and yield the right-of-way
posted times for vehicles with to pedestrians and cross traffic.
the indicated number of
occupants.
All-Way Stop Stop Here on Red Divided Highway

Drivers from all directions must At a stop sign or red traffic Drivers are entering a divided
come to a complete stop and signal, drivers must come to a highway and should keep to the
take turns entering the complete stop at the indicated right of the median.
intersection. Drivers must yield stop line.
to any pedestrians.
Page 38
U.S. Warning Signs
Sharp Turn to the Left Sharp Turn to the Right Curve to the Left
Drivers should reduce their Drivers should reduce their Drivers should reduce their
speed and prepare to turn speed and prepare to turn speed and prepare for the road
sharply to the left. sharply to the right. to curve to the left.
Curve to the Right Reverse Turn Reverse Curve

Drivers should reduce their The road ahead turns sharply in The road ahead curves in one
speed and prepare for the road one direction and then in the direction and then in the other.
to curve to the right. other. Drivers should reduce Drivers should reduce their
their speed. speed.
Winding Road Directional Arrow Chevron

The road ahead winds in a series Drivers should reduce their Drivers should reduce their
of curves. Drivers should reduce speed and prepare to turn speed and prepare to turn
their speed. sharply in the direction indicated sharply in the direction indicated
by the arrow. by the chevron.
Page 39
Road Narrows Merging Traffic Added Lane
The road ahead narrows. Drivers Drivers should be alert to traffic The road ahead comes together
should take care to stay on the merging from the right and with another road. Drivers do not
traveled portion of the roadway. should make room for merging have to merge but should be
vehicles. aware of additional traffic.
Farm Machinery Horse-Drawn Vehicles Cattle Crossing

The roadway is shared with farm The roadway is shared with Farm animals may be crossing
machinery. Drivers should drive horse-drawn vehicles. Drivers the roadway. Drivers should be
with caution and be prepared to should drive with caution and be alert to animals and be prepared
slow down. prepared to slow down. to slow down or stop.
Deer Crossing Fire Station Lane Ends, Merge Left

Deer may be on or near the Drivers should watch for fire The right lane ends ahead.
roadway. Drivers should be alert engines entering the roadway to Drivers should merge to the left
to animals and be prepared to respond to an emergency. to stay on the roadway.
slow down or stop.
Page 40
Lane Ends, Merge Left Pedestrian Crossing Bicycle Warning
The right lane ends ahead. Pedestrians may be present in a Bicycles may be on or crossing
Drivers should merge to the left marked or unmarked crosswalk. the roadway. Bicycles are
to stay on the roadway. Drivers must yield to pedestrians considered vehicles and
crossing a roadway. motorists must respect their
right to be on the road.
Roundabout Slippery When Wet No Passing Zone

Traffic ahead moves in a The road becomes especially Passing is unsafe and prohibited
counterclockwise direction. slippery under wet conditions. in an area marked with this sign.
Drivers should enter at a low Drivers should reduce their
speed and yield to traffic already speed and following distance.
using the circle.
Traffic Signal Ahead Stop Ahead Yield Ahead

Drivers should be prepared to Drivers should be prepared to Drivers should be prepared to
respond to a traffic signal on the come to a complete stop at a slow down or stop at a yield sign
road ahead. stop sign on the road ahead. on the road ahead.
Page 41
T Intersection Crossroad Side Road
The road ends ahead. Drivers The road meets an intersecting The road meets an angled side
should prepare to stop before crossroad ahead. Drivers should road ahead. Drivers should be
turning left or right. be alert to entering traffic. alert to entering traffic.
Side Road Y Intersection Pavement Ends

The road meets an intersecting Drivers are approaching a fork in The road surface ahead changes
side road ahead. Drivers should the road. They should prepare to from pavement to gravel or dirt
be alert to entering traffic. slow down or stop before turning and tires will have less traction.
left or right.
Pavement Ends Traffic Island Divided Highway Ahead

The road surface ahead changes There is a traffic island on the A divided highway begins ahead.
from pavement to gravel or dirt roadway and drivers may travel Drivers should keep to the right
and tires will have less traction. on either side of the obstruction. of the median.
Page 42
Divided Highway Ends Two-Way Traffic Exit Speed Limit
The divided highway ends Lanes travel in two different Drivers should slow to the
ahead. Drivers should keep to directions. Drivers should keep to posted speed limit once they
the right and be alert to the right and be alert to have entered the freeway's
oncoming traffic. oncoming traffic. deceleration lane.
Reduced Speed Ahead Advisory Speed Low Shoulder

The speed limit is reduced on the An upcoming curve or turn in the The shoulder ahead is lower than
roadway ahead. Drivers should road requires a decreased speed. the main-traveled portion of the
begin to slow down. Travel may resume at the normal road. Drivers should expect a
speed limit after the turn is drop if they leave the roadway.
completed.
Low Clearance Downhill Slope Fallen Rock

An overhead structure may be The road ahead slopes at a steep There may be large fallen rocks
too low for certain vehicles to grade. Drivers should increase on the road surface. Drivers
safely continue on the roadway. their following distance and should be alert and prepared to
decrease their speed. safely maneuver around the
obstacles.
Page 43
Drawbridge Ice on Bridges Narrow Bridge
The bridge ahead is a Bridges freeze more quickly than The bridge ahead is more narrow
drawbridge. Drivers should slow the rest of the road. Drivers than the preceeding roadway.
to a stop when told to do so by a should use caution when driving Drivers should use caution when
sign, signal, or flagger. on bridges under wet or freezing driving on a narrow bridge.
conditions.
One-Lane Bridge Bump Dip

The bridge ahead has only one There is a sudden bump on the There is a sudden dip in the road
traffic lane. Drivers should be road ahead. Drivers should slow ahead. Drivers should slow down
prepared to yield to oncoming down to avoid losing control of to avoid losing control of their
traffic. their vehicle. vehicle.
Grooved Pavement Dead End School Zone

The road surface has been The road ahead comes to an Drivers are in a school zone and
grooved to improve traction end. Drivers will have to turn must be alert to children and
under slippery conditions. around to leave the ending pedestrians. Drivers should
Cyclists should use caution. roadway. reduce their speed.
Page 44
School Crossing Playground Area Railroad Crossing
Drivers are approaching a school Drivers are near a playground The roadway intersects with
crossing and must be alert to and should be extra alert to railroad tracks. Drivers must yield
children and pedestrians. Drivers children on or near the roadway. to all trains and proceed only
should reduce their speed. when it is safe to do so.
Railroad Crossing Railroad Crossing Railroad Crossing

The roadway intersects with The roadway intersects with The roadway intersects with
railroad tracks. Drivers must yield railroad tracks. Drivers must yield railroad tracks. Drivers must yield
to all trains and proceed only to all trains and proceed only to all trains and proceed only
when it is safe to do so. when it is safe to do so. when it is safe to do so.
Uneven Grade Crossing Roadwork Ahead Roadwork Ahead

The roadway intersects with A work zone is ahead on the Roadwork is present for the
railroad tracks on an uneven roadway. Drivers should proceed indicated distance. Drivers
grade. Vehicles with low with caution and follow all should proceed with caution and
undercarriages may have provided directions. follow all provided directions.
difficulty crossing the tracks.
Page 45
Shoulder Work Flagger Ahead Workers Present
Maintenance is taking place on A flagger is directing traffic Workers are on or near the
the shoulder of the road. Drivers through a work zone. Drivers roadway. Drivers should use
should proceed with caution and should proceed with caution and extra caution when driving in a
follow all provided directions. follow all provided directions. work zone where workers are
present.
Lane Shift Road Closed Ahead Detour

Usual traffic lanes follow a The road ahead is closed due to The road is closed due to
redirected path in the indicated maintenance. Drivers should not maintenance and drivers should
area. Drivers should travel within travel on a closed roadway. follow the posted detour.
the shifted lanes.
Page 46
Other Signs
U.S. Route Interstate Route Junction

Drivers are on a United States Drivers are on a numbered Drivers are approaching an area
numbered route. interstate. where one route meets another.
Food Lodging Fuel

The exit indicated on the service The exit indicated on the service The exit indicated on the service
sign has food options available sign has lodging options sign has fuel service options
for drivers leaving the highway. available for drivers leaving the available for drivers leaving the
highway. highway. Diesel may also be
available.
Diesel Camping Telephone

The exit indicated on the service The exit indicated on the service The location indicated on the
sign has diesel fuel service sign has camping locations service sign has a telephone
options available for drivers available for drivers leaving the available for public use.
leaving the highway. highway.
Page 47
Litter Barrel Hospital Rest Area
The location indicated on the There is a hospital at the location A rest area is located off the
service sign has a litter barrel indicated on the service sign. highway in the direction of the
available for public use. arrow.
Emergency Notification Handicap-Accessible Evacuation Route

If there is an urgent safety issue The indicated location is Drivers are on a roadway that
at a railroad crossing, drivers designed to be should be used during an
should call the number on the handicap-accessible. evacuation due to a hurricane or
service sign for assistance. other emergency.
Bus Station Park Playground

There is a bus station at the There is a park at the location There is a playground at the
location indicated on the sign. indicated on the recreation sign. location indicated on the
recreation sign.
Page 48
Wildlife Viewing Area Wildlife Viewing Area State Park
The location indicated on the The location indicated on the There is a state park at the
recreation sign has a wildlife recreation sign has a wildlife location indicated on the
viewing area available for drivers viewing area available for drivers recreation sign.
leaving the highway. leaving the highway.
Boat Ramp Canoe Ramp Historical Marker

There is a boat ramp available at There is a canoe ramp available There is an area of historical
the location indicated on the at the location indicated on the significance at the location
recreation sign. recreation sign. indicated on the recreation sign.
Winter Recreational Area Ski Area Milepost

The location indicated on the The location indicated on the The number on a milepost
recreation sign has a winter recreation sign has a ski area indicates a location on the
recreational area available for available for drivers leaving the highway. Mileposts often
drivers leaving the highway. highway. correlate with exit numbers.
Page 49
Destination Sign Guide Sign Guide Sign
Distances to the listed locations Drivers are approaching Drivers can access the posted
are posted in miles on the right upcoming exits and should route by driving in the indicated
side of the sign. merge into the necessary lanes. lane.
Exit Trolley Station Airport

There is a highway exit in the There is a trolley station at the There is an airport at the location
direction of the arrow. Drivers location indicated on the sign. indicated on the sign.
who wish to leave the roadway
may signal and merge onto the
off-ramp.
Bike Route Hiking Trail Parking

There is a bike route in the There is a hiking trail in the A parking lot is available at the
direction of the arrow. Drivers direction of the arrow. Drivers indicated location.
should be alert to bicyclists. should be alert to pedestrians.
Page 50
Practice Tests
https://dmv-practice-test.com/california/motorcycle/practice-test-1
Page 51

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CALIFORNIA

Premium DMV Cheat Sheet

1. If under the age of 21, obtain a Certificate of Completion of Motorcycle Training.

Knowledge Test Information

Official california Handbook URL

› Required to be worn by both motorcycle operators and passengers.

All operators and passengers must wear a U.S. Department of Transportation-compliant

2. By law, motorcycle helmets must be:

› U.S. Department of Transportation-compliant.

All operators and passengers must wear a U.S. Department of Transportation-compliant

› Made of leather or synthetic materials.

› Tight and smooth.

› Unintentionally leave the road.

6. If using saddlebags to carry a load, you should:

› Load the bags as evenly as possible.

Saddlebags should be loaded with approximately equal weights. If a load is distributed

7. It can be difficult to ride right after it starts raining because:

› Pavement will be especially slippery.

› The back of your motorcycle is swaying from side to side.

11. Compared to a car, a motorcycle needs _____ attention.

Compared to a car, a motorcycle requires more frequent attention. If something is wrong

12. To reduce the chances of a collision, a motorcyclist should:

13. When sitting on a motorcycle, you should:

› Sit so you can use your arms to control the motorcycle.

14. When sitting on a motorcycle, your arms should:

› Be slightly bent when holding the handle grips.

› On the footrests for balance.

16. When slowing or stopping a motorcycle, you should:

› Shift down through the gears.

17. Before starting a turn, a motorcyclist should change gears to:

› Prevent a change in power in the middle of the turn.

› Avoid riding on the oil and grease buildup.

19. HOV lanes can be used by motorcyclists:

› Unless otherwise posted.

› Under their seat.

Motorcyclists should maintain a minimum two-second following distance under normal

22. When other vehicles are slowed or stopped:

› A motorcyclist should not weave between lanes of traffic.

23. In areas where dangers could be present, a motorcyclist should:

In high-risk areas, such as intersections, shopping areas, schools, or construction zones, a

24. When nearing a blind intersection, you should:

› Change your lane position to become more visible to other drivers.

› In the left portion of your lane.

26. When parked on the road, a motorcycle should:

› Create an angle with the curb that is between 45 and 90 degrees.

27. How far in advance should a motorcyclist signal a turn?

› Use hand signals.

31. Use your mirrors when stopping at an intersection:

It is important to consistently check vehicles approaching your motorcycle from behind to

32. When riding at night, maintain a minimum following distance of:

› Noticing the other vehicle’s taillights bouncing up and down.

› Apply both brakes at the same time.

› Keep the wheel locked until you have stopped completely.

› Try to approach the obstacle at as close to a 90-degree angle as possible.

38. After riding over an object on the road, you should:

› More time than usual to stop and speed up.

› Take frequent breaks to rest.

› Not talk or move unnecessarily.

Tell passengers to avoid unnecessary conversation or movement while on a moving

43. Upshifting or downshifting in a curve:

› Should only be done if it can be done smoothly.

› Sit as far forward as possible without crowding the operator.

45. A primary cause of single-vehicle motorcycle collisions is: