MCA ODD MID- SEMESTER EXAMINATION, 2020-2021 DISCRETE MATHEMATICAL STRUCTURES Time: 1} Hour MM: 30 Note: Attempt any Five questions. All questions carry marks as shown against them. ‘ 1,(a) Use two proof methods to examine the truth of the statement: “fx y = 2, thenx = Lory 2 1, where x and m are real numbers.” B] (b) Develop a program in C to examine (p « q) © (r © 5) for a tautology. BI 2, (a) Examine whether Tp follows logically from: (pV q) > 7, Trv.s.and 1s. 1! (b) Examine the validity of the argument : (3] “No Professors are ignorant, All ignorant people are vain. Therefore, no professors are vain.” 3. There are two Kinds of particles inside a nuclear reactor. In every second, an a particle Vill split into three « particles and one fi particle, and a B particle will split into two @ particles and one f particle, If there is a single B particle in the reactor initially, . (Develop a recurrence- relation model for the number of a and f particles in the: reactor at time n. (3) (ii) Use generating functions to solve the model. BI 4.(a) Illustrate how the Euler's formula for planar graphs can be used to examine the [3] planarity of Ky. (b) Discuss one application of Hamilton's cireuits. BI 5.(a)_ Determine the chromatic polynomial of Kp.. Bh (b) Use the Quine-McCluskey method to find a minimal sum - of - product representation for the function f (w,x,y,2) =D m(1,3,5,7,10,11,14). BI 6. Examine (Dyo, |) for a poset, a latice, a bounded, complemented and distributive lattice and for a Boolean algebra. (6), ¢HD-ODD R TION, 2019- Time: 13 Hour MM: 36 ‘Note: Attempt any Five questions. All questions carry marks as shown against them. 112) Use two proof methods to examine the truth of the statement: “ifm +n 2 73, then m 2 37 on > 37, where m and nare positive integers” [3] (b) Examine statement formulas: pg, qr, strand pAs forconsistency. [3] 242) Examine whether 7q follows logically from: (p vq) +r, rs and Ts. B} {b) Examine the validity of the argument : GB) “Every faculty member cither has a PhD. degree or has a Master degree. No officer’ who is a faculty member has 2 PhD. degree. Therefore, if every officer is a faculty member, then the officer has a Master degree.” 3. There are two kinds of particles inside 2 nuclear reactor. In every second, an a particle: will split into three @ particles and one f particle, and a f particle will split into two @ particles and one B particle. If there isa single a particle in the reactor initially, 3) Develop a recurrence: relation model for the number of @ and particles in the’ reactor at time r. BI (Gi) Use generating functions to solve the model BL 44a) Illustrate with an example how the Euler's formuls for planar graphs can be used to examine the planarity of graphs. 3) {b) Explain with an example how the Travelling Salesman Problem can be solved. [3) 5.2) Discuss with an example bow the principle of mathematical induction can be used to- verify the correctness of a computer program. GB) (b) Ifthere are $ points inside a square of side lengh 2. prove that at least two of the points are within 3 distance of V2 of each other. B} 6 Examine (D,2. {) for a poset, a lattice, » bounded, complemented and distributive lati and for 3 Boolean algebra t