Coursework Title: Differential equations, partial derivatives,

its applications and solving physical systems using MATLAB

Module Name: Engineering Mathematics

Module Code: 4500ICBTEG

Level: 4

Credit Rating: 15

Weighting: 30% of the module mark

Maximum mark
available: 100%

Lecturer: Ms. Irushi Ediriweera

Contact: Email: irushiE@icbtcampus.edu.lk

Issue Date:

Hand-in Date:

Hand-in Method: Through Canvas and ICBT SIS (electronic)

Feedback: Your work will be marked and returned within two weeks using a
Feedback sheet. A copy of this is available on Blackboard which provides
the mark allocation

Programmes: HD in Electrical and Electronic Engineering

HD in Biomedical Engineering
HD in Mechatronics Engineering
HD in Mechanical Engineering
HD in Automotive Engineering
 Engineering Maths- Coursework
TASK 01
Part A
1.A.1) Solve the following differential equations using Matlab.
ⅆp
a) +8 p=9 , p ( 0 )=−1
ⅆx
syms p(x)
ode = diff(p)+8*p==9 ;
cond = p(0)==-1 ;
pSol(x) = dsolve(ode,cond)

pSol(x) =

9/8 - (17*exp(-8*x))/8

 
ⅆ2 y ⅆy
b) −2 +3 y=4 x 2
ⅆx 2
ⅆx
syms y(x)
eqn = diff(y,x,2) == 2*diff(y,x)-3*y+4*(x^2);
ySol(x) = dsolve(eqn)

ySol(x) =

(16*x)/9 + (4*x^2)/3 + C1*exp(x)*cos(2^(1/2)*x) - C2*exp(x)*sin(2^(1/2)*x) + 8/27

ⅆy
c) =6 y −5 , y ( 0 ) =π
ⅆt
 syms y(t)
ode = diff(y)-6*y==5 ;
cond = y(0)==22/7 ;
ySol(t) = dsolve(ode,cond)

ySol(t) =

(167*exp(6*t))/42 - 5/6

ⅆ3 y ⅆ2 y ⅆy
d) +8 −2 =y
ⅆx
3
ⅆx
2
ⅆx
syms y(x)
eqn = diff(y,x,3) == -8*diff(y,x,2)+2*diff(y,x)+y;
ySol(x) = dsolve(eqn)

ySol(x) =

C2*exp(-x*((3^(1/2)*(70/(9*((108^(1/2)*2597^(1/2)*1i)/108 - 1141/54)^(1/3)) -
((108^(1/2)*2597^(1/2)*1i)/108 - 1141/54)^(1/3))*1i)/2 +
35/(9*((108^(1/2)*2597^(1/2)*1i)/108 - 1141/54)^(1/3)) +
((108^(1/2)*2597^(1/2)*1i)/108 - 1141/54)^(1/3)/2 + 8/3)) + C3*exp(-x*(8/3 +
35/(9*((108^(1/2)*2597^(1/2)*1i)/108 - 1141/54)^(1/3)) +
((108^(1/2)*2597^(1/2)*1i)/108 - 1141/54)^(1/3)/2 -
(3^(1/2)*(70/(9*((108^(1/2)*2597^(1/2)*1i)/108 - 1141/54)^(1/3)) -
((108^(1/2)*2597^(1/2)*1i)/108 - 1141/54)^(1/3))*1i)/2)) +
C1*exp(x*(70/(9*((108^(1/2)*2597^(1/2)*1i)/108 - 1141/54)^(1/3)) +
((108^(1/2)*2597^(1/2)*1i)/108 - 1141/54)^(1/3) - 8/3))

(5x4= 20 marks)

Part B
1.B.1) Using the given specifications, plot the following graph using Matlab.
X range= 0 to 100 with increments of 0.001
Plot the below graphs on the same figure (8 marks)
Y= 3sin(2x)+ 4cos(x)
G= 6cos2(x)- 3sin(2x)
x = 0:0.001:100;
Y = 3*sin(2*x)+ 4*cos(x);
G = 6*cos(2*x)- 3*sin(2*x);
hold on
plot(x,Y)
plot(x,G)
Plot the above graphs as a subplot so that graph of ‘y’ is on the left-hand side and graph ‘g’ is on the
right-hand side of the subplot. (8 marks)
x = 0:0.001:100;
Y = 3*sin(2*x)+ 4*cos(x);
G = 6*cos(2*x)- 3*sin(2*x);
subplot(1,2,1)
plot(x,Y)
subplot(1,2,2)
plot(x,G)

Label the x and y axis accordingly (2 marks)

Provide a title for the graph (2 marks)
x = 0:0.001:100;
Y = 3*sin(2*x)+ 4*cos(x);
G = 6*cos(2*x)- 3*sin(2*x);

subplot(1,2,1)
plot(x,Y)
xlabel('x axis','FontSize',10)
ylabel('y axis','FontSize',10)
title('Y = 3sin(2x) + 4cos(x)','FontSize',13)

subplot(1,2,2)
plot(x,G)
xlabel('x axis','FontSize',10)
ylabel('g axis','FontSize',10)
title('G = 6cos2(x) - 3sin(2x)','FontSize',13)

(20 marks)
(Total marks for Task 01= 40 marks)
TASK 02
Part A
The rate of change of a population of bacteria in a petri-dish can be described as the difference between
the birth rate and the death rate. If the birth rate = bx, where b is a constant and x is the number of
bacteria, and if death rate= px^2, where p is a constant, answer the following questions based on the
description provided.
2.A.1) Provide the differential equation related to the rate of change of bacterial population with time
based on the above given information. (5 marks)
Rate of change of population = Rate of Births - Rate of Deaths
Differential equation will be :
dx 2
=bx− p x
dt

2.A.2) If b=1, and p=0.8, solve the differential equation stated in 2.1 using Matlab assuming there were
1500 bacteria present in the dish initially. (Provide a clear screen shot of the code and solution obtained in
the answer script) (15 marks)
dx 2
=x−0.8 x , x ( 0 )=1500
dt

2.A.3) “ezplot” command is useful to obtain a quick visualization of a function. Plot a graph of the
solution using the ‘ezplot’ command to show the population of bacteria present after 2 hours.
(5 marks)
bacteria present after one minute:
syms x(t)
ode = diff(x)-x+0.8*(x^2)==0 ;
cond = x(0)==1500 ;
xSol(t) = dsolve(ode,cond)
ezplot(xSol(t),[0,60])

xSol(t) =
(5*exp(t))/(4*(exp(t) - 1199/1200))

bacteria present after 2 hours:

syms x(t)
ode = diff(x)-x+0.8*(x^2)==0 ;
cond = x(0)==1500 ;
xSol(t) = dsolve(ode,cond)
ezplot(xSol(t),[0,7200])

2.A.4) Comment on the state of the population of bacteria after 2 hours using the graph plotted above.
The bacterial population remains at a constant value. (5 marks)
 (Total for Part A= 30 marks)
Part B
2.B.1) Through a literature search explain in detail 3 applications if mathematical modelling in any of the
below mentioned fields.

 Electrical and Electronic engineering

 Mechanical engineering
 Civil engineering (3x10= 30 marks)

Mathematical modelling in Electrical and Electronic engineering

In electrical and electronics engineering education, mathematical modeling is a useful tool that offers
guidance for reducing time and expense in the design process. Redesign is a relatively new area in
engineering education, and the use of mathematical modeling makes it easier. Modeling is the study of
events and things in a different physical setting using models that replicate the behavior of the systems
being observed. Modeling is "a natural necessity of practically any engineering course," despite the fact
that it is a powerful tool that can be easily applied to any field of study.

 Computing clear sky downwelling solar energy at ground level: To calculate the downwelling
shortwave direct and global irradiances received at ground level under clear skies, the McClear
fast clear-sky model was created. McClear replaces the prior use of empirical relations or more
basic models with a fully physical modeling approach. It makes use of the MACC project's most
recent findings on aerosol characteristics, total column content in water vapor, and ozone
(Monitoring Atmosphere Composition and Climate). The proposed McClear clear-sky model
achieves highly satisfactory results as a quick application of radiative transfer theory for the
direct and global irradiance with the aid of advanced mathematical modeling.
 Investigating the dynamic behavior of electrical networks: This approach basically determines
the integral mathematical correlations between the known source data and the unidentified
network parameters. A frequent and practical method for studying and identifying both the
inherent and the induced components of processes that occur in linear circuits is the use of
integral equations. Numerous particular techniques for their quantitative and numerical analysis
will come from the use of integral equations to describe the dynamic behavior of electrical
networks. Modeling speeds up design, improves product quality, and streamlines administration.
It is one of the most crucial strategies for advancing science and technology.
 Mathematical modeling of state-space systems: A state-space representation of a set of inputs,
outputs, and some set of state variables connected by first-order differential equations makes up
the State Space Model, a mathematical model used in control engineering. Many methods in
control analysis and the dynamics process are based on representing a model in state-space. This
provides details on controllability. It means that engineers can determine the degree to which a
particular system is controlled. It indicates the extent of its ability to control its functionality. The
State-Space model provides details regarding a certain system's functionality. Ex:- Linear Electric
Actuator.
Electric motor, planetary gearhead, and ball-screw make up the electromechanical linear electric
actuator system. With the help of this type of device, we were able to simulate an
electromechanical muscle and have sufficient force to simulate the actions of a real muscle.
Through geometric analysis, the kinematic model was created. By simulating in Simulink, it is
possible to discover the characteristic curves of the electric actuator system. The system's
rotational-linear conversion makes it possible to use an electronic control system with a high
level of resolution. The gearhead increases the motor's torque while decreasing angular speed and
maintaining power.

(Total for Part B= 30 marks)