* Lifting Equipment Inspection

Wire Rope

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Introduction Wire Rope,

Core Strand

Wire

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 Strands and Construction Wire Rope,
Combined
Single Layer. Seale Warrington.
Filler Wire patterns.

Single Layer. The most common example of the single layer construction is a 7-
wire strand. It has a single-wire center with six wires of the same diameter around
it
Seale. This construction has two layers of wires around a center wire with the same
number of wires in each layer. All wires in each layer are the same diameter. The
strand is designed so that the large outer wires rest in the alleys between the small
inner wires.
Filler Wire. This construction Warrington. This
has two layers of uniform-size construction has two layer
wire around a center wire with with one diameter of wire in
the inner layer having half the the inner layer, and two
number of wires as the outer diameters of wire alternating
layer. Small filler wires, equal large and small in the outer
in number to the inner layer, layer. The larger outer layer
are laid in the valleys of the wires rest in the valleys, and
inner layer the smaller ones on the
crowns, of the inner layer
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Standard Rope Classifications Wire Rope,

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Basic Types of Wire Ropes Wire Rope,

Bright Wire
Galvanized wire
·Galvanized to finished size wire
·Drawn galvanized wire
Galvanized aircraft wire
Stainless steel wire

Wire

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Type Of Core Wire Rope,

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Type Of Core Wire Rope,

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"lays" of wire rope Wire Rope,

"Lay" of a wire rope is simply a

description of the way wires and
strands are placed during
construction

Right lay and left lay refers to the

direction of strands

Right lay means that the strands pass

from left to right across the rope.

Left lay means just the opposite: strands

pass from right to left.

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"lays" of wire rope Wire Rope,

Regular lay and Lang lay describe the

way wires are placed within each strand

Regular lay means that wire in the

strands are laid opposite in direction to
the lay of the strands

Lang lay means that wires are laid in the

same direction as the lay of the strands

Most of the wire rope used is right lay,

regular lay. This specification has the
widest range of applications and meets
the requirements of most equipment. In
fact, other lay specifications are
considered exceptions and must be
requested when ordering

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Diameter Measure ment Wire Rope,

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Wire rope defects
Wire Rope,

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Wire rope defects
Wire Rope,

wire breaks

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Wire rope defects
Wire Rope,

external wear

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 Wire rope defects
Wire Rope,
external corrosion

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Wire rope defects
Wire Rope,
Internal corrosion

Internal corrosion is the

difficult to assess since 80%
of the wire rope is hidden
from view Rev.

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Wire rope defects
Wire Rope,

Waviness

Waviness is a deformation in which the longitudinal

axis of the wire rope takes the shape of a helix under
either a loaded or unloaded condition. While not
necessarily resulting in any loss of strength, such a
deformation, if severe, can transmit a pulsation
resulting in irregular rope drive. After prolonged
working, this will give rise to wear and wire breaks.

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Wire rope defects
Wire Rope,

Basket or lantern deformation (Birdcage)

Ropes with a basket or lantern deformation shall be immediately discarded

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Wire rope defects
Wire Rope,

Core (or strand) protrusion/distortion

This feature is a special type of basket or lantern deformation in which the
rope imbalance is indicated by protrusion of the core (or center of the
rope, in the case of a rotation-resistant rope) between the outer strands,
or protrusion of an outer strand of the rope or strand from the core.

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Wire rope defects
Wire Rope,

Strand protrusion/distortion

Rope with core or strand protrusion/distortion shall be immediately

discarded

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 Wire rope defects Wire Rope,

Protrusion of inner rope of

rotation-resistant rope

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Wire rope defects Wire Rope,
Kink (positive)
Kink (negative)

A kink or tightened loop is a deformation created by a loop in the rope

which has been tightened without allowing for rotation about its axis.
Imbalance of lay length occurs, which will cause excessive wear, and in
severe cases the rope will be so distorted that it will have only a small
proportion of its strength remaining

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Design Factors Wire Rope,

The design factor(n) is defined as the ratio of the nominal strength of a wire
ope to the total load it is expected to carry.
n = breaking streghnt/SWL

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Wire rope defects

End of Presentation 6
Any Question?

Thanks' For Your Attention

Yousef Akbari
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