BIBLIOGRAPHY

 Simplfied chemistry Book(Dr. M.P.

Sawhney)

 www.wikkipedia.com/chemistry

 Google Images

 NCERT Chemisty Book

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SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL

TRIPULA,RAEBARELI
SESSION-2022-23

CHEMISTRY PROJECT FILE

Topic : Analysis Of Honey

Guided By : Mr.Kuldeep singh

Submitted By : Rajeev kumar class:

XII E
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INDEX

Certificate
Acknowledgement
Aim
Requirements
Theory
Experiment Procedure
Result
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CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this

project
work “ANALYSIS OF HONEY” in the subject
of chemistry has been done by “Rajeev
kumar” of class XII under the guidance of
‘‘Mr.Kuldeep singh’’ in the academic year
2022- 2023 conducted by CBSE. It is
further certified that this project is the
individual work of the candidate
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Sign of subject teacher-___________ Sign of examiner-

_______________________
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It gives me great pleasure to express

my gratitude towards our chemistry
teacher Mr. Kuldeep Singh for his
guidance, support and encouragement
throughout the duration of project.
Without his motivation and help the
successful completion of this project
would not have been possible.

Rajeev kumar
Class :- XIIE
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ANALYSIS
OF
HONEY
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AIM:~
To analyse the
available
honey for
presence
of
different minerals
and carbohydrates.
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REQUIREMENTS:

APPARATUS:
Test tubes, Test tube stand,
Burner, Water Bath.

CHEMICALS:-
Fehling solution
A, Fehlingsolution B, Ammonium
chloride solution, Ammonium
oxalate solution, Ammonium
phosphate, Conc. Nitric acid,
Potassium sulphocyanide
solution.
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THEORY
Honey, thick, sweet, super
saturated sugar solution
manufactured by bees to feed their
larvae and for the subsistence
during winter.
Bee honey is composed of
fructose, Glucose and water, in
varying proportions. It also contains
several enzymes and oils. The color
& flavor depends on the age of the
honey and the sources of the nectar
.It colored honeys are usually of
higher quality than dark coloured
honeys. Other high grade honeys
are made by bees from orange
blossoms, clover and Alfalfa.
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Honey has a fuel value of about

3307 cal/kg [1520 cal/ lbs]. It readily
picks up moisture from the air and
is consequently used as a
moistioning agent for Tobaco and in
baking. Glucose crystallizes out of
honey on standing at room
temperature, leaving on
uncrystallized layer of dissolved
fructose. Honey to be marketed is
usually heated by a special process
to about 66oC [150.01 F] to dissolve
the crystals and is sealed to prevent
crystallization. The fructose in
crystallized honey ferments readily
at about 160C.

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PROCEDURE:-
TEST FOR MINERALS:-

1. TEST FOR POTASSIUM:-

2ml of honey is taken in a test tube
and picric acid solution is added.
Yellow precipitate indicates the
presence of K+.
2. TEST FOR CALCIUM:-
2ml of honey is taken in a test tube
and NH4Cl solution and NH4OH
solution are added to it. The solution
is filtered and to the filtrate 2ml of
ammonium oxalate solution is
added. White ppt. or milkiness
indicates the presence of Ca2+ ions.
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3. TEST FOR MAGNESIUM:-

2 ml of honey is taken in a test tube
and NH4Cl solution is added to it
and then excess of Ammonium
phospate solution is added. The side
of the testtube is scratched with a
glass rod. White precipitate
indicates the presence of Mg2+ ions.
4. TEST FOR IRON:-
2ml of honey is taken in a test tube
and a drop of conc. HNO3 is added
and it is heated. It is cooled and 2-3
drops of Potassium sulphocyanide
solution is added to it. Blood red
colour shows the presence of iron.
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TEST FOR
CARBOHYDRATES

1. Fehling’s test :
2mL of honey is taken in a test
tube and 1mL each of Fehling`s
solution A and Fehling`s solution B
are added to it and boiled. Red
precipitate indicates the presence of
reducing sugars.
2. Tollen’s test:
2-3 mL of aqueous solution of honey is
taken in a test tube. 2-3mL of Tollen`s
reagent is added. The test tube is
kept in a boiling water bath for about
ten minutes. A shining silver mirror
indicates the presence of reducing
carbohydrates„
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OBSERVATION TABLE
SUBSTANCE TAKEN: HONEY
SL.
NO TESTS OBSERVATI INFERENC
ON E
Test for Potassium:-
Potassium is
Yellow ppt.is
1. observed
present.
Honey + Picric acid
solution

Test for Calcium:-

White ppt.or
Calcium is
2. Honey + NH4Cl soln. + milkiness is not
absent.
NH4OH soln. filtered + observed
(NH4)2C2O4

Test for
Magnesium:-
White ppt.is not Magnesium is
3. observed absent.
Honey+ NH4OH (till
solution becomes
alkaline) + (NH4)3Po4

Test for Iron:-

Blood red colour Iron is present.
4. is observed
Honey+ conc.HNO3,
heated and cooled, +
potassium sulphocyanide
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Fehling`s test:-
Reducing sugar
Red ppt. is
5. Honey + 1mL each of
observed
is present.
Fehling`s solution A and
Fehling`s solution B

Tollen’s test:-
Honey + 2-3mL Tollen`s Reducing
Shining silver
6. reagent, test tube in mirror is observed
carbohydrate is
water bath for 10 present
minutes

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RESULT :-
Potassium is present.
Iron is present.
Calcium is absent.
Magnesium is absent.
Honey contains reducing sugar.

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