Human genome project:-

. Human Genome Project (HGP), an international collaboration that

successfully determined, stored, and rendered publicly available the
sequences of almost all the genetic content of the chromosomes of
the human organism, otherwise known as the human genome.The
Human Genome Project (HGP), which operated from 1990 to 2003,
provided researchers with basic information about the sequences of
the three billion chemical base pairs
(i.e., adenine [A], thymine [T], guanine [G], and cytosine [C]) that make
up human genomic DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). The HGP was further
intended to improve the technologies needed to interpret and analyze
genomic sequences, to identify all the genes encoded in human DNA,
and to address the ethical, legal, and social implications that might
arise from defining the entire human genomic sequenceTo appreciate
the magnitude, challenge, and implications of the HGP, it is important
first to consider the foundation of science upon which it was based—
the fields of classical, molecular, and human genetics. Classical genetics
is considered to have begun in the mid-1800s with the work of Austrian
botanist, teacher, and Augustinian prelate Gregor Mendel, who defined
the basic laws of genetics in his studies of the garden pea (Pisum
sativum). Mendel succeeded in explaining that, for any given gene,
offspring inherit from each parent one form, or allele, of a gene. In
addition, the allele that an offspring inherits from a parent for one gene
is independent of the allele inherited from that parent for another
gene.