Of: We use of to express belonging or connect with:

Ex: The first page of the book describes the life of Harry potter
This bag is of my friend.

References : I got married in summer of 1994

The Gioconda is a picture of Da vinci

Amount and numbers:

I drank three cups of milk
A large number of people go to the pride

To: Indicate the place, person, when someone or something moves towards direction or
something.
The package was sent to me by Amazon
I’m sending a gift to my mom ( The gift is moving in the direction of my mother )
I will send a package to California
I go to the school

Limits or ending point, borders

The snow was piled up to the roof
The dollar price up to 30 pesos

relationship
My answer to the UNAM exam is very important for admission.
This letter is very important to my boyfriend.
This letter from my boyfriend is very important to me.

Period of time
I work nine to six / monday to friday
It’s ten to nine

For: To indicate the use of something

I made a cake for your birthday
I’ve been study hard for the exam

The mean or because of :

I am happy for your pregnant
For this reason I left my job.

Time or duration:
Freddie Mercury was famous for many years
I studied for 5 years the degree
I studied from 2011 to 2017 the degree

With: When some people are in the same place

I arrived with my friends
I don’t like the coffee with milk
Reactions or feelings
I am happy with the English class
The teacher is angry with the exams result

Using something
I cut the apples with a knife
I cleaned the room with my broom

Possessions or having

I woke up with a terrible headache

My house is elegant with an unusual roof.

give reasons “because of”

With all this work , i’ll have a lot of money
With this essay/ resume I discovered aliens exist.

With all this reasons I have the conclusion that the Little prince is my favorite character form
the book
For this reason
Due to (debido a)

By: preposition or adverb

time: refers to arrangements and deadlines

My brother is always here by 11:00 am
The train would arrive by 5:00 pm
The train arrives at 5:00 pm
By the time I was child

the passive: to say who did the action

The gioconda was painted by da vinci

To do something: describes how to do the actions

Can I pay by credit card?
How do you prefer to pay for the food? by credit card
How do you go to school? by train