KEMENTERIAN RISET, TEKNOLOGI, DAN PENDIDIKAN TINGGI

UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO
FAKULTAS TEKNIK ARSITEKTUR
Jalan Prof. Soedharto,S.H. Tembalang Semarang Telp 024-76486850, Akademik 76486853

UJIAN TENGAH SEMESTER GASAL TAHUN AKADEMIK 2022/2023

Mata kuliah : Bahasa Inggris

Program/ : S1 Arsitektur/3
Semester
Kelas : B
Hari/Tanggal : Jumat/14 Oktober 2022
Waktu : 13.00 – 14.00
Dosen Pengampu : Dra. R.Aj. Atrinawati, M.hum

ENERGY AND BUILDING DESIGN 

At one time traveler could learn about a region by looking at the houses. For example, he or she understand what building materials
were available. In areas with many wood houses, the traveler would have guessed that there were nearby forests. Stone houses would
have indicated that stones were easy to get. However, a closer look at the houses would have told the traveler even more about the
area.  
People used to build houses that fitted the climate of their areas. For example, in desert regions there is a big difference
between daytime and night-time temperatures. Therefore, many desert people- built houses with very thick walls. These thick walls
served a useful purpose in the houses. For example, in the winter the thick walls absorbed the sun’s warmth during the day and
radiated the heat at night. Desert people were relatively comfortable in their homes, or residences, at all times because they built them
to fit the desert climate. 
Then the supply of fuel for electricity became both cheap and easy to get. The effect on housing was immediate. People began
to build their homes according to fashion instead of utility. During that time, building materials were moved across continents, and
people did not worry about how much fuel they used to heat and cool their homes. Houses no longer reflected the availability of
building materials or climate. Houses with step roofs could be found in the tropics, the warm regions of Earth, even though this
pointed roof originated in snowy regions of the world. Heavy snow falls off a slanted roof. Another example is the use of glass.
Houses made almost completely of glass could be found in very cold places. Yet ordinary glass does not insulate well because it
neither keeps out cold air nor keeps in warm air. as long as fuel was cheap and easy to get, people could build any type of house
anyplace.  
People no longer building any type of house anyplace because fuel no longer cheap. In addition, more and more people realize
that fossil fuels, such as gas and oil, must be conserved. There are limited quantities of these fuels, and therefore people must make
an effort to save them. Even some people who can afford to pay high prices for fuel are choosing to build energy-efficient houses.
They choose not to waste fuel. Housing is beginning to show both the availability of building materials and the climate of the region
again.  Traditions are being combined with modern technology to produce an old, yet new, type of houses. 
In cold, mountainous region of the world, for example, people have traditionally built houses so that one side almost touches
the mountain. Thus, this side of the house is protected from cold winds. Modern architects who plan houses are finding this old
tradition to be very useful. They are designing houses with one or more walls that touch the surrounding earth.  In fact, sometimes the
houses are almost completely covered with soil. These houses are efficiently heated and cooled because underground temperatures
change very little. For example, in Minneapolis, Minnesota, a city in the north-central part of the United State, the ground
temperature 15 to 20 feet (about 6 meters) beneath the surface is nearly always 15 F. (11 C.) in Tucson, Arizona, a city in the warm,
southwestern part of the United State, the temperature of the earth 5 feet (1.5 meters) beneath the surface is almost constant. It stays
at about 75 F. (24 C.) all year. When the temperature of its surroundings remains constant, a house can be heated and cooled with
relatively little energy. Thus, modern architect who want to conserve energy have changed a traditional house plan. The traditional
plan uses the mountain as protection, or shelter, from the cold. The modern plan uses earth as insulation from both cold and heat. In
fact, the new houses are called “earth-sheltered” house. 
Architects have studied other types of old yet new houses. For instance, in many arts of the world, people share their houses
with livestock. During cold weather, they gather their cows, goats, or other animals and shelter them inside, on the ground floor of
their houses. There are two practical reasons for doing this. The reasons are that the animals are protected from the cold and that they
help to heat the house. Animals radiate body heat. Warm air rises. The body heat given off by the animals rises to the second floor of
the house, where the people live. By sharing their homes with their livestock, the people gain a source of heat. 
People who live in and near cities do not usually keep livestock. However, home builders are using the fact that heat rises.
This scientific law can be used in this area just as it has been used traditionally. Instead of filling the ground floor with livestock,
builders are filling it with large rocks. These rocks are open to the sun’s rays during cold weather. Because the rocks are not protected
from the sun, they absorb heat. They also radiate the heat, and, of course, the warm air rises into the living area of the house. Because
energy in the form of heat from the sun is used in the house, they are called “solar” houses. In addition to the solar system, these
houses usually include a heating system that depends on fossil fuels like coal. Still, they are energy efficient. 
Housing is offering architects and energy engineers a great challenge. They must plan houses that use energy supplies can be
conserved. They are meeting this challenge by learning from old traditions and by using modern technology. Perhaps someday a
traveler will be able to learn about an area by noticing how far underground houses are built. 
 KEMENTERIAN RISET, TEKNOLOGI, DAN PENDIDIKAN TINGGI
UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO
FAKULTAS TEKNIK ARSITEKTUR
Jalan Prof. Soedharto,S.H. Tembalang Semarang Telp 024-76486850, Akademik 76486853

A. Answer this question briefly 

1. What kind of tenses is used in this article? 

1. What are two things that a traveler could learn about an area by looking at the
house? 
1. How do desert houses with thick walls keep people warm at night? 
1.  How did cheap fuel affect housing? 
1. Why are houses made of ordinary glass inefficient? 
1. What is an earth-sheltered house? 
1. What are two reasons for keeping livestock inside a house? 
1. How do the rocks in a solar house provide heat? 
1. What does “to meet a challenge” mean? 
1. What is your opinion about this article? 
 
 
A. Finding main ideas 

1. The main idea of paragraph 1 is that … 

a. Wood is a forest product. 
a. There are no stones in forest. 
a. Houses used to talk about a region. 
a. People used to travel to learn about houses. 

1. The main idea of paragraph 2 is that … 

a. Thick walls absorb heat from the sun. 
a. People built houses to fit the climate. 
a. People are comfortable in their houses. 
a. In the desert, daytime temperatures are lower than nighttime temperatures. 
 
1. The main idea of paragraph 3 is that … 
a. Heavy snow does not stay on steep roofs. 
a. Ordinary glass does not insulate well. 
a. Fuel is used to produce electricity. 
a. The supply of fuel affects home building. 
 
1. The main idea of paragraph 6 is … 
a. How people use animals to heat their houses. 
a. That livestock are cows, goats, and other animals. 
a. The architects can use all traditional house plan 
a. Why body heat rises to the second floor. 
 
1. The main idea of paragraph 7 is … 
a. That people who lives in cities do not keep livestock. 
a. How rocks absorb the sun’s heat. 
a. That solar houses will be built in the future. 
a. How home builders are using the fact that heat rises. 
 
A. Write T (true) or F (false) from this statement. 

1. Snow stays on steep roofs. 

1. Gas and oils are examples of fossil fuels. 
1. The temperature remains constant in the desert regions. 
1. Architects plan building. 
1. Cows, goats, and other animals that people use are called livestock. 
1. Solar houses use the sun’s energy. 
1. Warm air rises. 
1. Ordinary glass is not a good insulating material. 
 
 
B. Find the TOPIC 

Conversation 1 
A. How many? 
A. Two 
A. Do you have a reservation? 
A. No  
 KEMENTERIAN RISET, TEKNOLOGI, DAN PENDIDIKAN TINGGI
UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO
FAKULTAS TEKNIK ARSITEKTUR
Jalan Prof. Soedharto,S.H. Tembalang Semarang Telp 024-76486850, Akademik 76486853

A. Well, you are lucky. This is a quiet night. I think we have some tables. Right this way. 
1. What are these people talking
about? ___________________________ 
1. Where are they? __________________ 
1. Write three words that helped you guess __________________  

Conversation 2 
A. Did you understand everything today? 
A. No. I am so confused! 
A. So am I. 
A. This test is going to be difficult. 
A. Maybe we should go to the language Lab  
A. Good idea. I need more practice. 
1. What are these people talking about? ________________ 
1. Where are they?  _____________________ 
1. Write three words that helped you guess ________________  
 
Conversation 3 
A. Where do you want to go? 
A. To the train station. I’m in a hurry. 
A. What time’s your train. 
A. In ten minutes! 
A. Ten minutes! There’s lot of traffic now. But I’ll try! 
1. What are these people talking about? _______________ 
1. Where are they?  _____________________ 
1. Write three words that helped you guess ___________________  
 KEMENTERIAN RISET, TEKNOLOGI, DAN PENDIDIKAN TINGGI
UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO
FAKULTAS TEKNIK ARSITEKTUR
Jalan Prof. Soedharto,S.H. Tembalang Semarang Telp 024-76486850, Akademik 76486853

UJIAN TENGAH SEMESTER GASAL TAHUN AKADEMIK 2016/2017

Mata Kuliah : BAHASA INGGRIS

Program / Semester : S1 / 3
Kelas :A
Hari / Tanggal : Senin, 10 Oktober 2016
Waktu : 60 menit
Dosen Pengampu : Dra.R.Aj.Atrinawati,M.Hum

Petunjuk:
1. Tulis nama dosen pengampu dan identitas.
2. Jawaban ditulis langsung pada lembar jawaban.
3. Diperkenankan membuka kamus.