Hailey College Of Commerce

Project: Business Research Method

Submitted To: Dr. Ashfaq Ahmad Janjua
Submitted By:
 BC 20-673 Fahad Bin Shahbaz
 BC 20-657 Hamza Nazeer
 BC 20-653 Salman Javeed
 BC 20-678 Hanzla Bin Sadiq
Workplace fun and work engagement in
tourism and hospitality: The role of
psychological capital
1. Identification of broad problem
The role of psychological capital" is to understand the relationship between
psychological capital, workplace fun, and work engagement in the tourism
and hospitality industry. Specifically, the study aims to investigate the
extent to which psychological capital plays a role in the relationship
between workplace fun and work engagement and how this relationship
can affect employee productivity and satisfaction in the tourism and
hospitality sector. The research aimed to examine the mediating role of
psychological capital in the relationship between workplace fun and work
engagement, as well as exploring direct effect of psychological capital on
work engagement in tourism and hospitality industry.

2. Identifying ways of preliminary investigation

The authors used a quantitative methodology to investigate the

relationship between psychological capital, workplace fun, and work
engagement in the tourism and hospitality industry. Specifically, the
authors used a survey questionnaire to gather data from a sample of
employees in the tourism and hospitality sector.

 The survey questionnaire likely included a combination of

standardized measures and items specifically designed for the study.
For example, standardized measures of psychological capital, work
engagement, and workplace fun may have been used. Additionally,
the survey may have included items that were specific to the tourism
and hospitality industry, such as questions about job role, level of job
autonomy, and other contextual factors that may be unique to this
industry.
  The authors may have also conducted a pilot study to test the validity
and reliability of the survey questionnaire before administering it to
the full sample. Data collected from the survey questionnaire was
then analyzed using statistical methods, such as multiple regression
analysis, to investigate the relationship between psychological
capital, workplace fun, and work engagement, and to test the
hypotheses developed for the study.

 The data collected through survey is usually then analyzed by

statistical methods, such as multiple regression analysis, to
investigate the relationship between psychological capital, workplace
fun, and work engagement, and to test the hypotheses developed for
the study. This can include testing if psychological capital mediate
the relationship between workplace fun and work engagement and
direct effect of psychological capital on work engagement.

3. Building problem statement

"Despite the significance of the tourism and hospitality industry as a major

contributor to the global economy, there is a lack of understanding of the
relationship between psychological capital, workplace fun, and work
engagement among employees in this sector. While psychological capital
has been recognized as a key factor in employee well-being and
productivity, its specific role in the relationship between workplace fun and
work engagement, and its impact on employee satisfaction and productivity
in the tourism and hospitality industry is not fully understood. The research
aim to investigate these relationships in order to gain insight into how
organizations in the tourism and hospitality sector can foster a positive
work environment and improve employee engagement, satisfaction, and
productivity."
 Theoretical Framework & Literature
4. Research questions:

 How does psychological capital relate to work engagement in the

tourism and hospitality industry?

 To what extent does psychological capital mediate the

relationship between workplace fun and work engagement in the
tourism and hospitality industry?

 How does workplace fun relate to work engagement among

employees in the tourism and hospitality industry?
 Objectives:

Research objectives could include:

 To examine the direct relationship between psychological capital and work

engagement among employees in the tourism and hospitality industry.

 To investigate the mediating role of psychological capital in the relationship

between workplace fun and work engagement in the tourism and
hospitality industry.

 To explore the relationship between workplace fun and work engagement

among employees in the tourism and hospitality industry.

 To identify factors that contribute to positive psychological capital, fun in

the workplace, and work engagement in the tourism and hospitality
industry.

 To explore how psychological capital and workplace fun can be improved in

the tourism and hospitality industry.

5. Theoretical framework:

The primary theoretical framework would likely be based on the concept of

psychological capital, which refers to an individual's positive psychological
state characterized by confidence, hope, resilience, and optimism. This
theory suggests that individuals with high levels of psychological capital are
better able to cope with stress and adversity, and are more likely to have
positive attitudes and behaviors in the workplace.
In addition to the concept of psychological capital, the study would also
likely include theories related to workplace fun and work engagement. For
example, the theory of workplace fun suggests that fun in the workplace
can improve employee motivation, job satisfaction, and productivity. On
the other hand, work engagement theory suggests that engagement is a
positive, fulfilling, work-related state of mind that is characterized by vigor,
dedication, and absorption.
The study could also include the theories of positive psychology which
aimed to understand how psychological capital influences positive aspects
of human functioning such as happiness, well-being, and life satisfaction.
Additionally, the study may reference various other theories and studies in
the fields of organizational behavior and psychology that have investigated
similar topics, such as the relationship between employee attitudes and
behaviors, and the role of organizational culture in employee engagement
and satisfaction.
Overall, the theoretical framework for the study would provide a
foundation for understanding the key concepts and relationships being
studied, and would help to guide the research design and data analysis.

6. Hypotheses:

Hypotheses that could be tested in the study include:

H1: Psychological capital is positively related to work engagement among

employees in the tourism and hospitality industry.

H2: Workplace fun is positively related to work engagement among

employees in the tourism and hospitality industry.

H3: Psychological capital mediates the relationship between workplace fun

and work engagement among employees in the tourism and hospitality
industry.

The first hypothesis (H1) suggests that there is a positive relationship

between psychological capital and work engagement among employees in
the tourism and hospitality industry, meaning that individuals with higher
levels of psychological capital are more likely to be engaged in their work.

The second hypothesis (H2) suggests that there is a positive

relationship between workplace fun and work engagement among
employees in the tourism and hospitality industry, meaning that individuals
who perceive more fun in their workplace are more likely to be engaged in
their work.
The third hypothesis (H3) suggests that psychological capital plays a
mediating role in the relationship between workplace fun and work
engagement among employees in the tourism and hospitality industry,
meaning that individuals with higher levels of psychological capital are
more likely to perceive more fun in their workplace and more engaged in
their work.

These hypotheses guide the study by providing clear predictions about the
relationships being studied, which allows researchers to test these
predictions and draw conclusions about the nature of the relationships.
These hypotheses are then tested and validated using the data collected
and statistical analysis, they would be either accepted or rejected based on
the analysis results.