SOLAR SYSTEM

CHAPTER 12
Qasriena Sophia

Nur Athirah Syahirah

Muhammad Faris

Azeem Nur Isma

2 Al - Faraby !
WHAT IS AU?
AU STANDS FOR "ASTRONOMICAL UNIT"

1. The average distance between the Earth and the Sun

2. 1 AU = 150,000,000 KM
 LY STANDS FOR "LIGHT YEARS"

1. The distance travelled by light in one year

2. 1 LY = 9.5 Trillion KM
3. 1 LY = 63241.1 AU
THE DISTANCE OF THE

PLANETS FROM THE SUN

How to calculate the distances in AU and LY?
KM → AU = Distance in KM / 1.5 x 10^8 KM
ex : 5.79 x 10^7 KM (Distance of Mercury)
5.79 x 10^7 KM / 1.5 x 10^8 KM = 0.39AU

KM → LY = Distance in KM / 9.5 x 10^12 KM

ex : 5.79 x 10^7 KM (Distance of Mercury)
5.79 x 10^7 KM / 1.5 x 10^8 KM = 0.000006LY
1. Mercury 5. Jupiter
2. Venus 6. Saturn
3. Earth 7. Uranus
4. Mars 8. Neptune
 The closest planet to the Sun

(57.9M KM)
MERCURY The smallest planet in the solar

system (4879KM)
The surface of Mercury is similar

to the surface of the Moon

Has no atmosphere
The average surface temperature

is 167°c
Takes 59 days to rotate on its
axis
Takes 88 days to orbit the Sun
Has no natural satellites
 Known as "Greenhouse" planet

because of its high CO2 content in

VENUS its atmosphere

The second closest planet to the

Sun (108.2M KM)

The diameter of the planet is

12,104 KM
The hottest planet in our solar

system (457℃)
Takes 243 day to rotate on its

axis
Takes 224.7 days to orbit the Sun
Has no natural satelites
 • The only planet in our Solar System that can
EARTH support life
• The distance to Sun is 149.6M KM
• The diameter of the planet is 12,576KM
• The surface of the planet is mostly water
• The atmosphere protects the planet from UV
rays and radiation
• The average surface temperature is 14°c
• Takes 1 day (24 hours) to rotate on its axis
• Takes 365 days to orbit the Sun
• Has 1 natural satellites; the Moon
 Known as the “Red Planet” because

MARS its surface is covered in rusty dust

The distance to Sun is 227.9M KM
The diameter of the planet is

6794KM
The average surface temperature
is -55°c
Takes 25 hours to rotate on its

axis
Takes 687 days to orbit the Sun
Has 2 natural satellites; Phobos

and Demos
 Known as “The Protector of Earth” as it

JUPITER deflected many huge objects that can harm

Earth due to its strong gravity

The largest planet in our solar system

(142,984KM)
The distance to Sun is 778.3M KM
The average surface temperature is -153°c
Takes 10 hours to rotate on its axis
Takes 11.9 years to orbit the Sun
Has the most natural satellites in our solar

system (67 moons)

 Has a ring that mostly made of ice,

dust and rocky materials

SATURN The second largest planet in our

solar system (120,536KM)

The distance to Sun is 1.4B KM
The average surface temperature

is -185°c
Takes 11 hours to rotate on its

axis
Takes 29.5 years to orbit the Sun
Has 62 natural satellites
Has a moon, named Titan that is

bigger than Mercury (5151KM)

 Has a ring similar to Saturn, but it

is thinner and darker.

URANUS Has a tilted axis, which is almost

parallel to its orbit

The diameter of the planet is

51,118KM
The distance to Sun is 2.9B KM
The average surface temperature

is -214°c
Takes 17 hours to rotate on its

axis
Takes 84 years to orbit the Sun
Has 27 natural satellites
 The furthest planet from Sun (4.5B

NEPTUNE KM)
The diameter of the planet is

49,528KM
The coldest planet in our solar

system (- 214°c)
Takes 16 hours to rotate on its

axis
Takes 164.8 years to orbit the Sun
Has 14 natural satellites
West to East East to West
Mercury: 0.1° Venus: 117°
Earth: 23°
Mars: 25°
Jupiter: 3° Rotate on its side
Saturn: 27° Uranus 98°
Neptune: 30°
EARTH IS ONLY PLANET THAT HAS LIFE. EARTH CAN SUPPORT LIFE BECAUSE OF A FEW

FACTORS SUCH AS THE PRESENCE OF WATER, MINERALS, ITS TEMPERATURE AND

ATMOSPHERIC CONTENT.
1. HAS A LOT OF WATER FOR ALL LIVING PROCESSES
2. HAS HIGH XYGEN CONTENT FOR RESPIRATORY PROCESS
3. HAS A SUITABLE TEMPERATURE RANGE; NOT TOO HOT OR

TOO COLD
4. HAS AN ATMOSPHERE THAT BLOCKS HARMFUL UV RAYS
5. RECEIVES SUNLIGHT FOR PLANT TO CONDUCT

PHOTOSYNTHESIS
6. HAS GRAVITY THAT KEEPS OBJECTS FROM FALLING
THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING!