iAVR Technical Guide - EN - Draft - Version 1 - 6 - 0b

TECHNICAL GUIDE MiCOM C264 iAVR
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TECHNICAL GUIDE
MiCOM C264 iAVR

Automatic Voltage Regulation
Reference: iAVR_TG_EN_V.1.5.33
Last update: 2020-August
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CONTENT
1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1. ABOUT THIS GUIDE .........................................................................................................................................................4
1.2. LEGAL INFORMATION.......................................................................................................................................................4
1.3. OVERVIEW ....................................................................................................................................................................4
1.4. CHAPTERS DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................................................................................5
1.5. AVR APPLICATIONS ........................................................................................................................................................6
1.6. LEXICON........................................................................................................................................................................7
2. SAFETY ................................................................................................................................................................. 9
2.1. HEALTH AND SAFETY .....................................................................................................................................................10
2.2. DECOMMISSIONING & DISPOSAL .....................................................................................................................................12
2.3. TECHNICAL SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS ..................................................................................................................................12
2.4. HANDLING ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT .................................................................................................................................13
2.5. PACKING AND UNPACKING .............................................................................................................................................14
2.6. GUARANTEES ...............................................................................................................................................................14
2.7. COPYRIGHTS & TRADEMARKS..........................................................................................................................................15
2.8. WARNING REGARDING THE USE OF SCHNEIDER-ELECTRIC PRODUCTS ......................................................................................15
3. FUNTIONAL DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................. 16
3.1. ON-LOAD TAP CHANGER (OLTC) ....................................................................................................................................16
3.2. SINGLE AVR ................................................................................................................................................................17
3.3. PARALLEL OPERATION....................................................................................................................................................17
3.4. SIGNED MEASUREMENT OF POWER..................................................................................................................................18
3.5. PHASE-NEUTRAL VOLTAGE .............................................................................................................................................19
3.6. PHASE-PHASE VOLTAGE .................................................................................................................................................20
3.7. THREE PHASE VOLTAGE AND THREE CURRENTS...................................................................................................................21
3.8. LOCAL OLTC MODE ......................................................................................................................................................22
3.9. LHMI MANUAL MODE ..................................................................................................................................................23
3.10. LOCAL HARD-WIRED HMI (TPL) ...................................................................................................................................24
3.11. SUPERVISION MANUAL MODE ......................................................................................................................................25
3.12. EXCHANGE BETWEEN OLTC & IAVR ..............................................................................................................................26
3.13. DIRECTION OF TAP POSITION NUMBERING ......................................................................................................................29
3.14. ANALOG ACQUISITION .................................................................................................................................................30
3.15. AUTOMATIC REGULATION PRINCIPLES.............................................................................................................................31
3.16. DELAY IN LINEAR TIME .................................................................................................................................................34
3.17. DELAY IN INTEGRAL TIME (OR INVERSE TIME) ...................................................................................................................36
3.18. FAST REGULATION FUNCTION (FR) ................................................................................................................................38
3.19. OVER-CURRENT AND OVER AND UNDER-VOLTAGE DETECTION............................................................................................39
3.20. LINE DROP COMPENSATION ..........................................................................................................................................42
3.21. VARIABLE VOLTAGE STEP ..............................................................................................................................................43
3.22. PARALLEL OPERATION OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................................................50
3.23. ELECTION OF THE MASTER ..........................................................................................................................................52
3.24. DETECTION OF TRANSFORMER BALANCE AND UNBALANCE .................................................................................................55
3.25. MCC METHOD ..........................................................................................................................................................56
3.26. MASTER-FOLLOWER....................................................................................................................................................57
3.27. INDEPENDENT AS BACK-UP ...........................................................................................................................................57
3.28. OPERATION WITH THE SECONDARY CIRCUIT BREAKER OPEN................................................................................................58
3.29. CONFIGURATION OF OUTPUTS.......................................................................................................................................58
3.30. STATISTICS COUNTER ............................................................................................................. ERREUR ! SIGNET NON DEFINI.
3.31. ALARMS & EVENTS .....................................................................................................................................................65
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4. TECHNICAL DATA ................................................................................................................................................ 67

4.1. CONFORMITY ...............................................................................................................................................................67
4.2. GENERAL DATA.............................................................................................................................................................67
4.3. RATINGS .....................................................................................................................................................................71
4.4. POWER SUPPLY ............................................................................................................................................................76
4.5. ACCURACY...................................................................................................................................................................78
4.6. DIELECTRIC & STRENGTH TESTS .......................................................................................................................................79
5. HARDWARE ........................................................................................................................................................ 85
5.1. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION...............................................................................................................................................85
5.2. MODULE DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................................................................................90
6. CONNECTIONS .................................................................................................................................................... 94
6.1. CONNECTOR BLOCKS .....................................................................................................................................................94
6.2. CONNECTION OF THE PROTECTIVE CONDUCTOR (EARTH) ......................................................................................................99
6.3. CONNECTION DIAGRAM FOR I/O BOARDS .......................................................................................................................101
7. INSTALLATION .................................................................................................................................................. 114
7.1. REQUIREMENTS ..........................................................................................................................................................114
7.2. DELIVERY RECEPTION...................................................................................................................................................115
7.3. MECHANICAL MOUNTING .....................................................................................................................................116
7.4. WIRING INSTALLATION.................................................................................................................................................117
7.5. IAVR POWER UP ........................................................................................................................................................118
7.6. OPTIONAL INSTALLATION..............................................................................................................................................118
8. SETTINGS .......................................................................................................................................................... 119
8.1. INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................................................119
8.2. CONNECTING TO THE IAVR ...........................................................................................................................................121
8.3. SETTING ....................................................................................................................................................................125
9. COMMUNICATION............................................................................................................................................ 139
9.1. MAPPING IEC 61850 .................................................................................................................................................139
9.2. MODBUS INTERFACE....................................................................................................................................................144
10. HUMAN INTERFACE ........................................................................................................................................ 149
10.1. THE FRONT PANEL ....................................................................................................................................................149
10.2. PRINTER (OPTIONAL).................................................................................................................................................168
11. MAINTENANCE ............................................................................................................................................... 171
11.1. LEVEL 1 DIAGNOSIS FACILITIES ....................................................................................................................................171
11.2. MAINTENANCE PERIOD ..............................................................................................................................................174
11.3. METHOD OF REPAIR ..................................................................................................................................................174
11.4. CLEANING ...............................................................................................................................................................178
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1. Introduction
This Technical Guide provides a functional and technical description of the iAVR computers and a
comprehensive set of instructions for the computer’s use and application.
1.1. About this Guide
This guide is a catalogue of iAVR capabilities intended for iAVR engineering architect and integrators.
The goal is to provide a functional and technical description of the iAVR computers, and to offer a
comprehensive set of instructions for the computer’s use and application.
1.2. Legal Information
The Schneider Electric brand and any registered trademarks of Schneider Electric Industries SAS referred to in
this manual are the sole property of Schneider Electric SA and its subsidiaries. They may not be used for any
purpose without the owner's permission, given in writing. This manual and its content are protected, within the
meaning of the French intellectual property code (Code de la propriété intellectuelle français, referred to
hereafter as "the Code"), under the laws of copyright covering texts, drawings and models, as well as by
trademark law. You agree not to reproduce, other than for your own personal, noncommercial use as defined in
the Code, all or part of this manual on any medium whatsoever without Schneider Electric's permission, given in
writing. You also agree not to establish any hypertext links to this manual or its content. Schneider Electric does
not grant any right or license for the personal and noncommercial use of the manual or its content, except for a
non-exclusive license to consult it on an "as is" basis, at your own risk. All other rights are reserved.
Electrical equipment should be installed, operated, serviced and maintained only by qualified personnel. No
responsibility is assumed by Schneider Electric for any consequences arising out of the use of this material.
As standards, specifications and designs change from time to time, please ask for confirmation of the
information given in this publication.
1.3. Overview
iAVR is a comprehensive solution capable of meeting all electricity supply requirements. It comprises a range of
components, systems and services from Schneider Electric.
Central to the iAVR concept is flexibility.
iAVR provides the ability to define an application solution and, through extensive communication capabilities, to
integrate it with your power supply control system.
iAVR products include extensive facilities for recording information on the state and behaviour of the power
system using disturbance and fault records. They can also provide measurements of the system at regular
intervals to a control centre enabling remote monitoring and control to take place.
The iAVR range will continue to be expanded. The general features of iAVR will also be enhanced, as we are
able to adopt new technology solutions.
For up-to-date information on iAVR product, visit our website: www.schneider-electric.com
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1.4. Chapters Description
Chapter Safety (SA)
This chapter contains the safety instructions, handling and reception of electronic equipment, packing and
unpacking parts, Copyrights and Trademarks. Chapters on product definition and characteristics
Chapter Introduction (IT)
This is this document containing the description of each chapter of the iAVR computer guide. It is a brief
introduction to iAVR computer capabilities.
Chapter Functional Description (FT)
This chapter contains a description of the product. It describes functions of the iAVR computer.
Chapter Technical Data (TD)
This chapter contains the technical data including, accuracy limits, recommended operating conditions, ratings
and performance data.
It also describes environment specification, compliance with technical standards.
Chapter Hardware Description (HW)
This chapter contains the hardware product description (product identification, case, electronic boards, operator
interface, etc.).
Chapter Connection diagrams (CO)
This chapter contains the external wiring connections to the iAVR computers.
Chapter Installation (IN)
This chapter contains the installation procedures.
Chapter Settings (ST)

This chapter contains the list of the setting with default values and range.
Chapter Communications (CT)
This chapter provides the list of protocol functions supported by iAVR computer.
Chapter HMI, Local control and user interface (HI)
This chapter contains the operator interface description, Menu tree organisation and navigation, LEDs
description, Setting/configuration software.
Chapter Maintenance, Fault finding, Repairs (MF)
This chapter advises on how to recognize failure modes, fault codes and describes the recommended actions to
repair.
Chapter Lexicon (LX)
This chapter contains lexical description of acronyms and definitions.
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1.5. AVR Applications
Schneider Electric philosophy is to provide a range of computers, gateways and IEDs products. Each of these
products can be used independently, or can be integrated to form a PACiS system, a Digital Control System
(DCS) or a SCADA system.
1.5.1. iAVR Computers
Driven by the requirements around the world for advanced applications in SCADA, Digital Control Systems,
Automation, control and monitoring, Schneider Electric has designed and developed a complete range of
computer products, iAVR specifically for the power process environment and electric utility industry. It allows
building a personalized solution for Control, Monitoring, Measurement and Automation of electrical processes.
iAVR computers range are designed to address the needs of a wide range of installations, from small to large
and customer applications. Emphasis has been placed on strong compliance to standards, scalability,
modularity and openness architecture. These facilitate use in a range of applications from the most basic to the
most demanding. They also ensure interoperability with existing components and, by providing building
computers, PLC or IEDs approach, provide a comprehensive upgrade path, which allows PACiS capabilities to
track customer requirements.
Key features are that this computer family is based on a Ethernet client/server architecture, its a modular
computer that offers a large variety of applications such as Bay Computer, Remote Terminal Unit, Sequence of
Event Recorder, Data Concentrator and Programmable Logic Controller.
Phase in time, dedicated computer available for each application will be purposed.
1.5.2. Applications and Scope
The iAVR modular bay controller, RTU or PLC is used to control and monitor switch bays. The information
capacity of the iAVR is designed for controlling operated switchgear units equipped with electrical check-back
signaling located in medium-voltage or high-voltage substations.
External auxiliary devices are largely obviated by the integration of binary inputs and power outputs that are
independent of auxiliary voltages, by the direct connection option for current and voltage transformers, and by
the comprehensive interlocking capability.
This simplifies handling of bay protection and control technology from planning to station commissioning. During
operation, the user-friendly interface makes it easy to set the unit and allows safe operation of the substation by
preventing non-permissible switching operations.
Continuous self-monitoring reduces maintenance costs for protection and control systems.
A built-in liquid crystal display (optional front face with LCD) shows not only switchgear settings but also
measured data and monitoring signals or indications.
The bay is controlled interactively by using the control keys and the display.
Adjustment to the quantity of information required is made via the PACiS System Configuration Editor (PACiS
SCE).
The iAVR can be connected to a higher control level, local control level or lower levels by way of a built-in
communications interface.
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1.6. Lexicon
This chapter contains a glossary with terms, acronyms and abbreviations used in iAVR documentation.
1.6.1. General
Term Description
AVR Automatic Voltage Regulation
BCD Binary Coded Decimal
One C264 supported coding on a set of Digital Inputs, that determine a Digital Measurement,
then a Measurement value (with specific invalid code when coding is not valid). Each decimal
digit is coded by 4 binary digits.
CB Circuit breaker
CT Current measurement transformer
DIU Digital Input Unit, the hardware unit receiving binary signals
DOU Digital Output Unit, the hardware unit emitting controls via potential-free contacts
HMI Human-Machine Interface

HV High Voltage
LHMI Local HMI or front panel of the C264
MCB Mini Circuit Breaker, typically the one protecting the OLTC motor.
MiCOM S1 Software tool for the real-time setting of the C264
MV Medium Voltage
N Neutral
OLTC On-Load Tap Changer, device which enables the modification of transformation ratio of a
transformer
P Active power
Ph Phase
PLC Programmable Logic Control
Q Reactive power
SLD Single Line Diagram
TMU Transducerless Measurement Unit, the hardware unit which receives voltage and current
from measurement transformers (CT and VT)
TPI Tap position indication
TPL Turn-Push-Lamp, the set of buttons, switches and visual indications for local control from the
front panel of a cabinet.
TR Transformer
VT Voltage measurement transformer
1.6.2. Units
Unless otherwise specified, all the figures are quantified using the units of the International System in their
standard notation.
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1.6.3. Specific
Term Description
Sn Rated power of transformer
Refer to section MCC method, in the Functional Description chapter
TA1 Delay before first tap change
Refer to section Automatic regulation principles in the Functional Description chapter
TA2 Delay before second and next tap changes
Tfr Delay before fast reaction is triggered
Refer to section Fast reaction in the Functional Description chapter
Uc Value of the target voltage for regulation
Un Nominal secondary voltage of transformer, as defined on its nameplate or on the single-line
diagram of the substation.
Refer to nominal limit in the Setting chapter
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2. Safety
Read these instructions carefully and look at the equipment to become familiar with the
device before trying to install, operate, service or maintain it. The following special
messages may appear throughout this bulletin or on the equipment to warn of potential
hazards or to call attention to information that clarifies or simplifies a procedure.
The addition of either symbol to a “Danger” or “Warning” safety label

indicates that an electrical hazard exists which will result in personal
injury if the instructions are not followed.
This is the safety alert symbol. It is used to alert you to potential

personal injury hazards. Obey all safety messages that follow this
symbol to avoid possible injury or death.
DANGER
DANGER indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death
or serious injury.
WARNING
WARNING indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in
death or serious injury.
CAUTION
CAUTION indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in minor
or moderate injury.
NOTICE
NOTICE is used to address practices not related to physical injury. The safety alert
symbol shall not be used with this signal word.
Electrical equipment should be installed, operated, serviced, and maintained only by

qualified personnel. No responsibility is assumed by Schneider Electric for any
consequences arising out of the use of this material.
A qualified person is one who has skills and knowledge related to the construction,
installation, and operation of electrical equipment and has received safety training to
recognize and avoid the hazards involved.
NOTE: THIS SAFETY SECTION SHOULD BE READ BEFORE COMMENCING ANY WORK ON THE
EQUIPMENT.
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2.1. Health and Safety
The information in the Safety Section of the product documentation is intended to ensure that products are
properly installed and handled in order to maintain them in a safe condition. It is assumed that everyone who will
be associated with the equipment will be familiar with the contents of the Safety Section.
2.1.1. Installing, Commissioning and Servicing Equipment connections
Personnel undertaking installation, commissioning or servicing work on this equipment should be aware of the
correct working procedures to ensure safety. The product documentation should be consulted before installing,
commissioning or servicing the equipment.
Terminals exposed during installation, commissioning and maintenance may present a hazardous voltage
unless the equipment is electrically isolated.
If there is unlocked access to the rear of the equipment, care should be taken by all personnel to avoid electrical
shock or energy hazards. Voltage and current connections should be made using insulated crimp terminations
to ensure that terminal block insulation requirements are maintained for safety.
To ensure that wires are correctly terminated the correct crimp terminal and tool for the wire size should be
used.
Before energizing the equipment, it must be earthed using the protective earth terminal, or the appropriate
termination of the supply plug in the case of plug connected equipment.
Omitting or disconnecting the equipment earth may cause a safety hazard.

The recommended minimum earth wire size is 2.5mm², unless otherwise stated in the technical data section of
the product documentation.
When the protective (earth) conductor terminal (PCT) is also used to terminate cable screens, etc., it is essential
that the integrity of the protective (earth) conductor is checked after the addition or removal of such functional
earth connections.
For M4 stud PCTs the integrity of the protective (earth) connection should be ensured by use of a locknut or
similar."
Before energizing the equipment, the following should be checked:
• Voltage rating and polarity;
• CT circuit rating and integrity of connections;
• Integrity of earth connection (where applicable)
NOTE: The term earth used throughout the product documentation is the direct equivalent of the North
American term ground.
2.1.2. Equipment operating conditions
The equipment should be operated within the specified electrical and environmental limits.
2.1.3. Current transformer circuits
Do not open the secondary circuit of a live CT since the high-level voltage produced may be lethal to personnel
and could damage insulation.
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2.1.4. Insulation and dielectric strength testing
Insulation testing may leave capacitors charged up to a hazardous voltage. At the end of each part of the test,
the voltage should be gradually reduced to zero, to discharge capacitors, before the test leads are
disconnected.
2.1.5. Insertion of modules and boards
These must not be inserted into or withdrawn from equipment whist it is energized since this may result in
damage.
2.1.6. Fiber optic communication
Where fiber optic communication devices are fitted, these should not be viewed directly. Optical power meters
should be used to determine the operation or signal level of the device.
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2.2. Decommissioning & Disposal
2.2.1. Decommissioning
The auxiliary supply circuit in the iAVR computers may include capacitors across the supply or
to earth. To avoid electric shock or energy hazards, after completely isolating the supplies to the
! iAVR computers (both poles of any DC supply), the capacitors should be safely discharged via
the external terminals prior to decommissioning.
2.2.2. Disposal
It is recommended that incineration and disposal to watercourses be avoided. The product

should be disposed of in a safe manner. Any products containing batteries should have them
! removed before disposal, in order to avoid short circuits. Particular regulations within the country
of operation may apply to the disposal of lithium batteries.
2.3. Technical Safety Specifications
The recommended maximum rating of the external protective fuse for this equipment is 16A, High Rupture
Capacity (HRC) Red Spot type NIT or TIA, or equivalent unless otherwise stated in the technical data section of
the product documentation. The protective fuse should be located as close to the unit as possible.
1. Fuse rating is dependent of auxiliary voltage and circuit loading.
2. Differential protective switch on DC power supply is recommended.
3. Differential protective switch on AC power supply is mandatory (printers, PACiS workstation…).
Protective class: IEC 60255-27: 2005 Class I This equipment requires a protective
(safety) earth connection to ensure
user safety.
Installation Category: IEC 60255-27: 2005 Installation Category III
EN 60255-27: 2006 Distribution level, fixed installation.
Equipment in this category is

qualification tested at 5kV peak,
1.2/50µs, 500Ω. 0.5J, between all
supply circuits and earth and also
between independent circuits.
Environment: IEC 60255-27: 2005 Compliance is demonstrated by
Pollution degree 2 reference to safety standards.
EN 60255-27: 2006
Product Safety: 73/23/EEC Compliance with the European

Commission Low Voltage Directive.
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2.4. Handling Electrical Equipment
A person’s normal movements can easily generate electrostatic potentials of several thousand volts.
Discharge of these voltages into semiconductor devices when handling circuits can cause serious damage,
which often may not be immediately apparent, but the reliability of the circuit will have been reduced.
The electronic circuits of Schneider Electric products are immune to the relevant levels of electrostatic discharge
when housed in their cases. Do not expose them to the risk of damage by withdrawing modules unnecessarily.
Each module incorporates the highest practicable protection for its semiconductor devices. However, if it
becomes necessary to withdraw a module, the following precautions should be taken in order to preserve the
high reliability and long life for which the equipment has been designed and manufactured.
• Before removing a module, ensure that you are a same electrostatic potential as the equipment by
touching the case.
• Handle the module by its front-plate, frame, or edges of the printed circuit board. Avoid touching the
electronic components, printed circuit track or connectors.
• Do not pass the module to any person without first ensuring that you are both at the same electrostatic
potential. Shaking hands achieves equipotential.
• Place the module on an antistatic surface, or on a conducting surface, which is at the same potential as
you.
• Store or transport the module in a conductive bag.

More information on safe working procedures for all electronic equipment can be found in IEC 60147-0F and
BS5783.
If you are making measurements on the internal electronic circuitry of any equipment in service, it is preferable
that you are earthen to the case with a conductive wrist strap.
Wrist straps should have a resistance to ground between 500k – 10M Ohms. If a wrist strap is not available you
should maintain regular contact with the case to prevent the buildup of static. Instrumentation which may be
used for making measurements should be earthen to the case whenever possible.
Schneider Electric strongly recommends that detailed investigations on the electronic circuitry, or modification
work, should be carried out in a Special Handling Area such as described in IEC 60147-0F or BS5783.
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2.5. Packing and Unpacking
All iAVR computers are packaged separately in their own cartons and shipped inside outer packaging. Use
special care when opening the cartons and unpacking the device, and do not use force. In addition, make sure
to remove from the inside carton the supporting documents supplied with each individual device and the type
identification label.
The design revision level of each module included with the device in its as-delivered condition can be
determined from the list of components. This list should be carefully saved.
After unpacking the device, inspect it visually to make sure it is in proper mechanical condition.
If the iAVR computer needs to be shipped, both inner and outer packaging must be used. If the original
packaging is no longer available, make sure that packaging conforms to ISO 2248 specifications for a drop
height ≤0.8m.
2.6. Guarantees
The media on which you received Schneider Electric software are guaranteed not to fail executing programming
instructions, due to defects in materials and workmanship, for a period of 90 days from date of shipment, as
evidenced by receipts or other documentation. Schneider Electric will, at its option, repair or replace software
media that do not execute programming instructions if Schneider Electric receives notice of such defects during
the guaranty period. Schneider Electric does not guaranty that the operation of the software shall be
uninterrupted or error free.
A Return Material Authorization (RMA) number must be obtained from the factory and clearly marked on the
package before any equipment acceptance for guaranty work. Schneider Electric will pay the shipping costs of
returning to the owner parts, which are covered by warranty.
Schneider Electric believes that the information in this document is accurate. The document has been carefully
reviewed for technical accuracy. If technical or typographical errors exist, Schneider Electric reserves the right
to make changes to subsequent editions of this document without prior notice to holders of this edition. The
reader should consult Schneider Electric if errors are suspected. In no event shall Schneider Electric be liable
for any damages arising out of or related to this document or the information contained in it.
Expect as specified herein, Schneider Electric makes no guaranties, express or implied and specifically
disclaims and guaranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. Customer's rights to recover
damages caused by fault or negligence on the part Schneider Electric shall be limited to the amount therefore
paid by the customer. Schneider Electric will not be liable for damages resulting from loss of data, profits, use of
products or incidental or consequential damages even if advised of the possibility thereof.
This limitation of the liability of Schneider Electric will apply regardless of the form of action, whether in contract
or tort, including negligence. Any action against Schneider Electric must be brought within one year after the
cause of action accrues. Schneider Electric shall not be liable for any delay in performance due to causes
beyond its reasonable control.
The warranty provided herein does not cover damages, defects, malfunctions, or service failures caused by
owner's failure to follow the Schneider Electric installation, operation, or maintenance instructions.
Owner's modification of the product; owner's abuse, misuse, or negligent acts; and power failure or surges, fire,
flood, accident, actions of third parties, or other events outside reasonable control.
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2.7. Copyrights & Trademarks
2.7.1. Copyrights
Under the copyright laws, this publication may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying, recording, storing in an information retrieval system, or translating, in whole
or in part, without the prior written consent of Schneider Electric.
2.7.2. Trademarks
iAVR Web-App, PACiS are trademarks of Schneider Electric. Product and company names mentioned herein
are trademarks or trade names of their respective companies.
2.8. Warning regarding the use of Schneider-Electric Products
Schneider Electric products are not designed with components and testing for a level of reliability suitable for
use in connection with surgical implants or as critical components in any life support systems whose failure to
perform can reasonably be expected to cause significant injuries to a human.
In any application, including the above reliability of operation of the software products can be impaired by
adverse factors, including - but not limited - to fluctuations in electrical power supply, computer hardware
malfunctions, computer operating system, software fitness, fitness of compilers and development software used
to develop an application, installation errors, software and hardware compatibility problems, malfunctions or
failures of electronic monitoring or control devices, transient failures of electronic systems (hardware and/or
software), unanticipated uses or misuses, or errors from the user or applications designer (adverse factors such
as these are collectively termed "System failures").
Any application where a system failure would create a risk of harm to property or persons (including the risk of
bodily injuries and death) should not be reliant solely upon one form of electronic system due to the risk of
system failure to avoid damage, injury or death, the user or application designer must take reasonably steps to
protect against system failure, including - but not limited - to back-up or shut-down mechanisms, not because
end-user system is customized and differs from Schneider Electric testing platforms but also a user or
application designer may use Schneider Electric products in combination with other products. These actions
cannot be evaluated or contemplated by Schneider Electric; Thus, the user or application designer is ultimately
responsible for verifying and validating the suitability of Schneider Electric products whenever they are
incorporated in a system or application, even without limitation of the appropriate design, process and safety
levels of such system or application.
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3. Funtional Description
3.1. On-Load Tap Changer (OLTC)
Transformer is the essential static part of an electrical network.

For a long time HV/HV and HV/MV transformer are improved by dynamic equipment called on-load tap changer
(OLTC).
OLTC enables adjustment of voltage level. OLTC is managed by specific automatism called AVR.
Basically, AVR needs actual measurement of secondary voltage.
Voltage Transformer (VT) provides this measurement.
Moreover, AVR regulation may use or other information such as current value, VT fuses state or Breaker state.
iAVR performs voltage regulation, monitoring and option application.
Take care not to

confuse …
... On-Load Tap Changer

(OLTC) which is a
mechanical device in-
built inside the
transformer structure
... and Regulator or AVR

which is the regulation
function, performed by a
computer usually located
in a cabinet or cubicle in
the technical room.
FIGURE 1 SINGLE PHASE REPRESENTATION OF TRANSFORMER REGULATION SYSTEM: OLTC, AVR, CT/VT
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3.2. Single AVR
iAVR may work in standalone for one single transformer (figure 2).
FIGURE 2 SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM OF A STANDALONE REGULATION OF A TRANSFORMER
3.3. Parallel Operation
iAVR may also work with several transformers (up to 4 transformers) by using a specific strategy for parallel
operation (figure 3).
FIGURE 3 SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM OF A SYSTEM WITH 2 TRANSFORMERS (PARALLEL OPERATION).
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3.4. Signed Measurement of Power
iAVR uses signed measurement for active and reactive power.
This allows the control of transformer(s) where the network on the secondary side includes production, and
moreover production mixed with consumption (figure 5).
The general rule is that the electrical network on the secondary of the transformer(s) must not include other
voltage regulation system, such as the regulation of a capacitor bank, with a time constant in the same range as
that of the iAVR (5 to 120 seconds, depending on setting). If other voltage regulation is required on the network,
it must have a time constant very different from that of the iAVR (otherwise the interaction of both systems may
lead to an unstable voltage).
This means that a power source, along with its internal regulation operating with a time constant typically lesser
than one second, is not a problem.
FIGURE 4 TOPOLOGY WITH BILATERAL POWER FLOW
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3.5. Phase-Neutral Voltage
iAVR accepts 3 ways of connecting the VT and CT1.
iAVR is able to operate with the measurement of one single phase A to neutral voltage. The current
measurement of phase A is required if any of over-current blocking, line drop compensation, and parallel
operation with minimisation of circulating current is used.
The value of the phase-neutral voltage can be displayed as such or multiplied by √3 as if it was a phase-phase
voltage2.
Set-up
• Transf-Measure -> VT Connection Voltage transformer
• Transf-Measure -> Vph-N Display Voltage acquisition is

compatible with the
typical VT output of
100V, 100V/ √3 and
other, as well as with
direct acquisition of
230V phase-neutral in
the case of a 400V
network.
These parameters are

defined with software
MiCOM S1
In case of Low Power

VT (LPVT), a special
board is available.
FIGURE 5 REGULATION WITH ONE PHASE-NEUTRAL VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT
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3.6. Phase-Phase Voltage
iAVR is also able to operate with the measurement of one single phase to phase A-B voltage. The same
current-based functions as above are available from the measurement of the current of phase C.
VT Fuse
A blown fuse / MCB trip

results in an under-
voltage situation
detected by the IAVR,
leading to blocking of the
regulation.
In addition, the blown

fuse / MCB trip signal
can be fed into the iAVR
in parallel of the “OLTC
fault” signal.
FIGURE 6 REGULATION WITH ONE PHASE-PHASE VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT
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3.7. Three Phase Voltage and Three Currents
The iAVR can also perform regulation using three phase-to-neutral voltage values (figure 8).
In this case, the voltage which is compared to the setpoint for regulation is the average of the extreme low and
extreme high among the three computed phase-phase voltages. This is not the same as the average of the
three voltages and it ensures that all three are as close as possible to the setpoint.
Should an unbalance occur such that at least one voltage always remains outside the “Excessive difference”
limit, a signal is set which can be configured as plain alarm, or block or stop the regulation, or set the OLTC to a
pre-defined tap position. The detail of the calculation of this unbalance limit is given in §”Excessive voltage
difference”.
If one phase to neutral voltage goes under the under-voltage limit, the regulation remains in service with the
phase to phase voltage between the remaining two healthy phases.
The current taken into account for over-current blocking, if configured, is the maximum among the three phase
currents.
Current Transformer
The iAVR is compatible

with secondary CT outputs
of:
 5A
 1A
The selection is made by

wiring on different
terminals.
FIGURE 7 REGULATION WITH MEASUREMENT OF 3 PHASE VOLTAGE AND 3 CURRENTS
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3.7.1. Power Measurement
The following functions, detailed further in the document, are based on measurement of active and reactive
power flowing through the transformer:
• Line drop compensation
• Reverse power flow detection
• Minimization of circulating reactive current (transformers in parallel)
For the correct operation of these functions, the iAVR requires this sign convention:
• Reactive power positive when supplying an inductive consumer on the secondary of the transformer (or
side of transformer where the voltage is regulated by the iAVR);
• Active power positive when flowing towards the secondary of the transformer
3.8. Local OLTC Mode
Typically, the OLTC has at least a local/remote control selector switch and raise and lower controls. These
controls are meant to be used only in case of absence of remote control by the iAVR or for local maintenance
operation.
When the selector switch of the OLTC is on local, the iAVR does not emit any control, manual or automatic, to
the OLTC
FIGURE 8 LOCAL MANUAL OLTC CONTROL MODE
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3.9. LHMI Manual Mode
FIGURE 9 LHMI MANUAL CONTROL MODE
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3.10. Local Hard-Wired HMI (TPL)

Optional
FIGURE 10 TPL MANUAL MODE
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3.11. Supervision Manual Mode

Optional
FIGURE 11 SUPERVISION MANUAL MODE
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3.12. Exchange between OLTC & iAVR
iAVR provides hard-wired inputs and outputs
a) Outputs (potential free contacts):
• Raise
• Lower
b) Inputs:
• Tap changer in local control mode
• Tap changer fault
• Tap change in progress
• Tap position
The acquisition of tap position can be performed in one of the following ways:
• Analog input 0t.20 and 4 to 20mA
• One among N, N being 39 max. This method requires as many DIU channels as there are tap positions.
• One among N unit and tens. This method requires 10 channels for the unit and a maximum of 4
channels for the tens.
• Gray code. This method requires a maximum of 6 channels

• BCD (Binary Coded Decimal) on 6 channels, 4 for the unit and 2 for the tens.
• Without tap position and with only low position and high position signals (provided that parallel method
Master-Follower is not used).
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c) Set up
TPI Acquisition code (refer to TPI Acquisition section in the Settings chapter)
The following tables provide the detail of coding for each method:
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1 among N unit and tens
1 among N
Low and high tap:
• Low tap reached DIU 0:1

• High tap reached DIU 0:2
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3.13. Direction of Tap Position Numbering
In a vast majority of cases the tap changer is located on the primary winding. The tap positions can be
numbered following the number of turns and therefore, since these turns are on the primary, increasing the tap
position means decreasing the secondary voltage. This is why many tap changers have their tap positions
numbered in the reverse direction of the number of turns, so that eventually the direction of tap numbering
follows that of secondary voltage.
iAVR supports both numbering types:
• Parameters, "Lowest U2 Tap" and "Highest U2 Tap" are the tap positions for respectively the lowest
and highest secondary voltage. These parameters must be set accordingly with the OLTC data.
For example:
Tap numbering in the direction of secondary voltage:
 Lowest U2 Tap = 1
 Highest U2 Tap = 17
Tap numbering in the reverse direction of secondary voltage:
 Lowest U2 Tap = 17
 Highest U2 Tap = 1
• Raise and Lower outputs of the iAVR must be understood as respectively raising and lowering the
secondary voltage.
• Signals "Low tap" and "high tap" computed by the iAVR must be understood as, respectively, "tap for
lowest secondary voltage" and "tap for highest secondary voltage". If acquisition is restricted to low and high tap
only, then these signals must be wired accordingly.
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3.14. Analog Acquisition

Setting the non-linearity requires to
The principle for analog acquisition is that the OLTC provides a DC
test with all the hardware involved:
output to the iAVR in the range 4 to 20mA or 0 to 20mA, with the tap OLTC and iAVR. An initial run can be
position being a linear function of the current between two extreme made with the exponent is set to
1.000.
limits.
Take a record of the maximum error
Hence the configuration of the two extreme DC current limits1 and
over the range. It should be negative
matching extreme tap positions2. Note that the iAVR will only accept
a tap numbering which raises as the DC current raises: This Then set a value of non-linearity, for
example 1.020. Repeat the test and
constraint must not be confounded with the ability to deal with tap take note again of the error. Check
numbering in the direction of secondary voltage or reverse as that the maximum negative error has
explained above. decreased. It is possible that some
positions now show a positive error.
iAVR provides an additional signal which is the measurement of
Then adjust the value of the non-
acquisition error: it is the difference between the expected input linearity: Increase when there is
matching a given position and the actual DC current input. Its globally more negative error than
purpose is to measure the reliability of the conversion of the analog positive and vice versa.
input into a tap position. Repeat this process, gradually
adjusting the value of the non-
This error is expressed in %, with 100% meaning that the DC input linearity, until the error on all positions
is in the middle of the interval until the previous (-100%) or next is lesser than +/-20%.
(+100%) tap position.
If this test is not run, the factory
Often, the DC current is generated directly from a resistive network. default setting 1.05 provides a better
result than the linear interpretation.
Because the impedance in front of this network is not infinite, the DC
current characteristic is not linear. If interpreting this input according
to a linear characteristic, it is common to see an error in excess of
60% on some tap positions. This means that variations in temperature and humidity and ageing of the
components will end up causing an actual acquisition error.
The iAVR has the capability to reduce this error by approximating the actual characteristic with a term (x
exponent y). When the additional parameter "Non-Linearity" is set correctly, the error over the range can be
maintained within +/-20% in most cases.
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The set-up parameters are:
• TPI Acquisition
• Min Tap Acq (mA) Max Tap Acq (mA)
• Min Tap Max Tap
• Non-Linearity
3.15. Automatic Regulation Principles
3.15.1. Regulation
This is a closed loop regulation based on the comparison between the measured voltage and a set point value.
If the measured voltage is lesser than the voltage target1 less the external half-interval UDTE2 during a time
TA13, the iAVR emits a control toward the OLTC in order to Raise the secondary voltage. Once the OLTC has
completed its tap change, if the measured voltage remains lower than the voltage target less the internal half-
interval UDTI4 (lesser than or equal to UDTE) during a time TA25, the iAVR emits another Raise command. It stops
emitting the Raise Command whenever the voltage becomes greater than this limit.
Therefore, UDTE defines the voltage limit beyond which regulation action is taken, and UDTI defines the limit
where the regulation action is deemed effective enough.
TA1 is the time delay before the first tap change when the voltage goes outside its limit. TA2 is the time delay
between consecutive tap changes. Note that TA2 is measured starting from the falling edge of signal “Tap
change in progress”.
Set-up:
• AVR Nom Targ Uc (V)

• 1/2 Tol UdtE %
• Del 1st TA1 (s)
• 1/2 Tol UdtI %

• Del Nth TA2 (s)
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3.15.2. Voltage target
The iAVR is configured for one nominal target UC. It is possible to use up to 5 different targets pre-configured as
a percentage of the nominal target1.
Alternatively, the target can be entered as an analog setpoint.
Whatever the method, this new target is called the "final target" and will be designated as Ucf.
At power-up, the target selected is the one configured as default target2.

During run-time, the operator can at any time select another target from either the iAVR LHMI or from the
supervision.
NOTE: The new target is applied immediately. If regulation is in service at the time of target selection and if the
voltage finds itself outside the limit of the new target, the iAVR will react accordingly with its configuration of limit
and delays:
• In the case of a limited gap between the voltage and the new target, the operation depends on the
delays TA1 and TA2
• If the Fast regulation is in service and the gap between voltage and new target exceeds the limit for fast
regulation, then the operation will be immediate after the confirmation delay TFR
Set-up (target Selection):
• Target 1 to Target 5, in % UN
• Default Target
3.15.3. Blocking and Stop AVR
Blocking is the temporary situation of a fault of certain kind being detected, which makes that regulation cannot
be performed. When and if this fault clears out, regulation resumes normal operation.
Regulation stop is the situation where, the regulation being initially in service, a fault of certain kind is detected
which makes that the regulation cannot be performed anymore. The regulation is stopped and remains so, even
if the fault clears out. The regulation resumes only when started by the operator, from whichever control point.
In default configuration, the regulation is blocked in the following cases:

• The measured voltage is below the under-voltage limit or above the over-voltage limit
• The current is above the over-current limit
• Dedicated hard-wired input active
The regulation is stopped in the following cases:
• OLTC fault detected by the IAVR: Number of consecutive tap changes without the voltage getting back
within its limit1.
Both blocking and stop can be configured to be originated by various conditions (refer to chapter Configuration
of regulation Stop & Blocking).
Set-up: In AVR: Lim Consec Man
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3.15.4. Setting Principle
The existence of the two intervals UDTE (E for External) and UDTI Example of calculation
(I for Internal) provides one means to fine-tune the trade-off
between: Let’s consider the OLTC of a 220/66 kV
transformer, operating on the primary
Accuracy of the regulation: Impact on the quality of the power winding (most usual case).
supply
The OLTC has 21 positions between
Rate of OLTC operations: Impact on OLTC mechanical wear. -13x1.25% and +7x1.25% of primary
voltage.
Let's assume:
With an OLTC on the primary winding
ΔV2max: The maximum secondary voltage variation consecutive and an equal voltage difference between
to changing the OLTC position by one tap. each tap, the maximum variation of the
secondary voltage occurs between the
ΔV2nom: The nominal or average voltage variation consecutive to two tap positions at the low end:
changing the OLTC position by one tap.
ΔV2max1 = [(1 - 12 x .0125) / (1 - 13 x
ΔV2nom is directly derived from the transformer technical data. .0125) - 1] x 66 000
ΔV2max requires extra calculation as in the example shown.
= 985 V (1.493% of rated Voltage)
There is a first condition for setting: ΔV2max / 2
Furthermore, it must be considered that
(1) UDTE ≥ UDTI > ΔV2max / 2
the primary network operates within a
Otherwise, the regulation can lead to instability. tolerance, typically +5% of rated voltage.
Voltage variation is understood as between any two adjacent tap ΔV2max = 985 x 1.05 = 1 034 V (1.568%
positions. of rated Voltage)
The maximum secondary voltage variation can be approximated Applying condition (1) and considering
as: rounding, this gives:
0.6 x nominal voltage variation UDTI ≥ 0.79% (1)
Alternatively, its exact value can be easily calculated, just as in the Note that the rule of 0.6 x nominal
example given. variation gives 0.6x1.25% = 0.750%
which in this example leaves a small
There is an optimal setting condition for accuracy of regulation: area of instability (2 x .750 = 1.500,
lower than 1.568)
(2) UDTE = ΔV2nom
Condition (2) gives directly, without
With this condition, a variation of the voltage just beyond its limit
calculation:
triggers a tap change which brings it back nearest, on average, of
the target value. UDTE = 1.25% (2)
The average secondary voltage variation can be approximated by

the nominal voltage variation.
Beware: The condition (2) provides values for optimum accuracy of the voltage regulation.
If the requirement of the utility is to have the secondary voltage within a limit +/- X with X greater than the
secondary voltage average variation, then the value which gives the minimum number of operations is:
UdtE = UdtI = X.
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Typical use of Delay Reverse

Count:
Typical use of Delay Reset:
The effect of counting down is
This mode gives a good result when the mathematically equivalent to
secondary voltage is subject to performing an average of the voltage
variations between relatively stable value over a period. Therefore, this
values. mode provides a more efficient
regulation in case of random
variations of the secondary voltage
3.16. Delay in Linear Time
3.16.1. Principle
The delay counter is started at the first detection of U outside of the range [UCF - UDTE, UCF + UDTE] and is
incremented as U remains outside of the range [UCF - UDTI, UCF + UDTI]
The delay can be configured in Reset mode and in Reverse Count mode1.
In reset mode, if the voltage returns, even fleetingly, inside the range [UCF - UDTI, UCF + UDTI], then the counter is
reset. At the next detection of U outside of the range [UCF - UDTE, UCF + UDTE], the counter starts again at zero.
In Reverse Count mode, if the voltage returns inside the range [UCF - UDTI, UCF + UDTI], then the counter is
decremented starting from the time already expired (at the same rate it was incremented).
The difference in counting the time back down is that, if the bandwidth is exceeded frequently, the voltage
regulator does not start counting again at 0 seconds, but uses the time already elapsed as the starting point for
beginning the next delay time.
The tap changing command is issued when the timer counter becomes equal to TA1 for a first change and TA2
for next change(s).
iAVR displays the time remaining before the next tap change.
This display starts with value TA1 for a first change and, in case of further tap change, restarts right after the end
of TCIP with value TA2.
a) Set-up
AVR -> Delay Type U=Uc (refer to chapter AVR in the Settings chapter of this documentation)
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3.16.2. Without regulation
3.16.3. Setting delay in “Constant Reset”
3.16.4. Setting delay in “Constant Reverse Count”
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Recommended setting:
The use of inverse time delay

associated with Reverse Count mode
Typical use of inverse time provides all advantages:
When the Utility requirement allows this - Fast response in case of large
type of delay, its use improves the voltage variation
trade-off between the need to avoid
voltage outside its limit for a long time - Minimisation of the number of
and the need to minimise the number of OLTC operations- Good behaviour
OLTC operations. in presence of random voltage
variation.
3.17. Delay in Integral Time (or Inverse Time)
3.17.1. Principle
The delay counter is started at the first detection of U outside of the range [UCF - UDTE, UCF + UDTE] and is
incremented in proportion to:
| U - UCF | / UDTI.
Therefore, if | U - UCF | = UDTI when the timer expires after TA1. If | U - UCF | = 2 x UDTI when the timer expires in
TA1 / 2, etc.
As well as in linear mode, the delay can be configured in Reset mode and in Countdown mode.
This is the characteristic of the delay against voltage difference | U - UCF |:
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3.17.2. Setting delay in “Inverse Count”
3.17.3. Setting delay in “Inverse Reverse Count” Mode
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This function reduces the time when

the network is exposed to a voltage
"abnormally" low or high.
However, its use is not recommended

when TA1 is set inverse. The inverse time
provides an equivalent end result with a
better network stability.
Note also that this function makes the

system sensitive to any setting mistake on
the target voltage (see warning in the
relevant section: Voltage Target)
3.18. Fast Regulation Function (FR)
3.18.1. Excessive voltage difference
Two more voltage limits are defined, added and subtracted respectively to the voltage target:
• Excessive difference High (%Uc)
• Excessive difference Low (%Uc)
A voltage beyond these limits, with a hysteresis equal to UdtE – UdtI, persisting for a set delay Tfr (1), constant
with reset, is detected as excessive difference.
These two limits are used, in addition, to define the unbalance limit when the regulated voltage is obtained from
three phase-neutral voltages (see p__). The maximum difference between the extreme high and extreme low
phase-phase voltages must remain below the limit:
"Exc Dif H" + "Exc Dif L" - 2 x "DVp Initial"
Set-up in AVR:
• Exc Dif H (%Uc)
• Exc Dif L (%Uc)
• Transfo - Measure -> DVp - Initial (%Un): voltage difference between two adjacent tap positions
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3.18.2. Reaction to excessive voltage difference
With the automatic regulation in service, when an excessive voltage difference has been detected, the iAVR
emits +U or-U controls, as necessary, until the voltage gets back into target +/- UdtI. There is no delay applied
other than the initial Tfr and the time taken by the tap changer to perform its tap change(s).
This Function can be set in and out of service by setting (2) and by real-time control.
Set-up :in AVR
• Delay FR Tfr (s)
• Func Reac Exc D
3.18.3. Setting delay in “Fast Reaction and Constant Delay”
3.19. Over-Current and Over and Under-Voltage Detection
An overcurrent condition occurs when the iAVR detects a current in the primary winding above the over-current
limit1 for a set time2. By default, an over-current situation will block the automatic regulation (refer to chapter
Configuration of regulation Stop & Blocking for detail) in order to avoid excessive wear of the OLTC
contacts. The situation is cleared when the current remains below its over-current limit for a set time3.
The over-current limit is a proportion of the nominal primary current, itself calculated from the transformer power
rating Sn4 and nominal primary voltage U1n5:
I1n = Sn / U1n / √3
The current being measured on the secondary winding, the iAVR calculates an estimation of the current in the
primary winding taking into account in real time the transformation ratio obtained from:
• The current and nominal6 tap positions
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• The voltage step ΔV2nom7 assumed as a fixed percent over the tapping range
• The ratio of nominal primary to secondary8 voltage
With direct numbering (“Lowest U2 tap” < “Highest U2 tap”), this is:
I1 = I2 / {[(Nominal – current tap) × ΔV2nom + 1] × U1n / U2n}
Take note that this calculation applies to a perfect transformer. Actual losses may be considered approximately
by setting the overcurrent limit a few percent higher than normal.
If the measurement is three voltages and three currents, the

current in this calculation is the greatest among the three phase
measured currents.
In addition of detecting over-current, the iAVR calculates, from

Example:
the same formulae, the tap position with the
Transformer 110/15kV on nominal tap
greatest transformation ratio before the over-current limit, and, in 12, direct numbering 1 to 27, 20MVA,
automatic mode, will not raise the voltage step 1.25%;
secondary voltage if already on this tap. If in manual, the iAVR Overcurrent setting = 100%
will set the "HIGH TAP WARNING" signal. I1n = 20000 / 110 / √3 = 105.0...A
I2n = 20000 / 15 / √3 = 770.0...A
A secondary current measured at 750A
on tap position 15 translates into:
I1 = I2 x U2n / U1n / [(Nominal tap -
Secondary voltage detected above the over-voltage (9) or below tap) x DVpi (%) + 1]
under-voltage (10) limits for a set time (11) result in, = 106.3...A
respectively, over-voltage and under-voltage condition. By which is above the overcurrent limit.
default setting, under-voltage also blocks the regulation, Maximum tap position before the
because raising the voltage will raise the primary current with overcurrent limit:
the risk of amplifying the under-voltage condition. max tap = round to lower {[I1max (1 +
DVpi x Nominal tap) - I2 . U2n / U1n] /
The situation is cleared once the voltage remains within its limit, I1max / DVpi} = 14
considered a fixed hysteresis of 3%Un for a set time12.
Set-up in Nominal Limit:

Set-up in Transfo – Measure:
• Limit I>> (%In)
• Tr Power (MVA)
• Delay I>> (s)
• Nom Volt U1n (kV)
• Delay I norm (s)
• Nominal Tap
• Limit U>> (%Un)
• DVp – Initial (%Un)
• Limit U<< (%Un)
• Nom Volt U2n (kV)
• Delay U>><< (s)
• Delay U norm (s)
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FIGURE 12 EXAMPLE OF EVOLUTION OF VOLTAGE THAT SHOWS THE DIFFERENT ALARMS, THRESHOLD
AND TEMPORIZATIONS
FIGURE 13 EXAMPLE OF EVOLUTION OF CURRENT THAT SHOWS THE DIFFERENT ALARMS, THRESHOLD
AND TEMPORIZATIONS
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3.20. Line Drop Compensation
Normally, the VT providing the voltage measurement will be located either on the transformer secondary, or on
the busbar supplied by the transformer secondary. The consumer is connected to the substation by a length of
cable or line which generates a certain drop in voltage at the consumer end.
If this voltage drop is appreciable, it may be necessary to compensate it. The iAVR does so by calculating a
vectoral image of the voltage at the consumer end:
• ULoad = UTr – R.I – X.I
R and X are configured respectively as Active coefficient1 and Reactive coefficient2, such that a value of 100%
gives, in term of amplitude:
• INOMINAL . coefficient (100%) = UN
The Line Drop Compensation can be set in and out of service by setting3 and by real-time control.
Behaviour of the compensated voltage as function of active power (Reactive coefficient = 0; active coefficient
set positive).
Set-up: Line Drop Compensation
• Active coeff %
• React coeff %
• Func Line Drop C
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3.21. Variable voltage step
The usual operation of the iAVR, or of any voltage regulator for that matter, is to assume a (almost) fixed
voltage step per tap change. This voltage step will be named DVP in what follows.
The iAVR can also be configured so that it measures DVP and takes action according to this measurement (1).
This kind of operation is typically intended for voltage regulation achieved indirectly by controlling a reactive
power compensation apparatus: shunt reactor or capacitor bank.
At power-up, the iAVR uses as voltage step the parameter value DVPinit (2). The default value of this parameter
is set in factory to 1.5% of Un.
3.21.1. Measurement
The iAVR records the average voltage during the 3.2 last seconds before the signal “tap change in progress” is
set, whether the tap change is initiated automatically or manually. Another measurement is performed during
the 3.2 seconds immediately after “tap change in progress” is reset. The absolute value of the difference
between the two measurements, in proportion of the nominal voltage, is the voltage step, DVP, in % of Un. The
iAVR applies a floor value (3): If the resulting measurement is below this limit, the limit value is applied to DVP
and the signal “voltage step too low” is set. This signal can be configured as plain indication, or it can trigger
blocking or stop of the regulation or set to a pre-defined tap (4).
The measurement of voltage step is then left unchanged until either:
• The next tap change operation;
• Value change by the operator from the supervision or from the front panel
• iAVR restart, hot or cold
• Setting file loaded with a new value of DVPinit
Set-up:
• Transfo – Measure: Voltage step = measured
• Transfo – Measure: Volt Step (%Un)
• Transfo- Measure: DVP Min (%Un)
• in Fault-Block-Set
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3.21.2. Regulation principle
In variable step mode, the limits UdtI and UdtE are recalculated after each tap change. The voltage limits which
apply are:
• Uc +/- UdtI (fixed step) becomes Uc +/- (UdtI + (DVP - DVPinit) / 2)
• Uc +/- UdtE (fixed step) becomes Uc +/- (UdtE + (DVP - DVPinit) / 2).
It is reminded here that setting UdtI = UdtE is possible (§ Setting principle). For the sake of simplicity, and
unless otherwise stated, this setting will apply until the end of this chapter.
The formula above can be understood when considering the spread between the regulation limits. This spread
equals:
• 2 (UdtI + (DVP - DVPinit) / 2) = 2UdtI + DVP - DVPinit = DVP + constant
The net effect of the formula is therefore to change the regulation limit spread equal with the change on DVP. In
this way, the regulation adapts permanently to DVP while maintaining the sensitivity and stability defined by the
setting of UdtI and UdtE.
The Term -DVPinit avoids the need to modify UdtI and UdtE when switching from fixed to variable voltage step
and vice-versa, provided that DVPinit has been set to a value close to the actual DVP. The value of UdtI and UdtE
being left unchanged, the setting guidelines from chapter “Setting principle” still apply.
For example, the recommended setting UdtE = DVPinit (the voltage step) translates into this:
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The recommendation for UdtI being at least 60% of the average step still applies as well, as do the other
principles:
• A low value provides regulation accuracy at the expense of an increase in the number of tap operations,
and vice-versa.
• The gap, if any, between UdtE and UdtI defines the voltage detection hysteresis.
In turn, these guidelines translate into the iAVR controlling the consistency of the setting. It is indeed necessary
to have:
UdtE P UdtI N DVPinit
If either of the inequalities is not fulfilled, the term on the left is forced with the value of the one on the right
The excessive difference limits are not modified.
By maintaining the sensitivity and stability defined by setting, this operating mode is able to cope with a situation
as follows: One measurement of DVP provides a comparatively low value. Later, the electrical network condition
evolves so that the next tap change will be of greater amplitude. It is then possible that the next regulation
action will make the voltage to cross the voltage target, Uc, and even to go beyond the limit on the other side.
Even in such an extreme case, regulation stability is not at stake because, after 3.2 seconds, the regulation
limits are updated with the new voltage step for the current network condition.
The spread between the regulation limits still equals 2UdtI + DVP - DVPinit
2UdtI - DVPinit , always positive because of the consistency check, is a permanent stability margin whatever the
value of DVP.
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3.21.3. Reverse Power Flow Detection
When configured1, this function monitors the flow of active power, based on a tolerance interval across zero2
and, if set, a time delay3.
Reverse flow signal is set after the active power value has been measured continuously under the negative half-
tolerance for the time delay. Symmetrically, normal power flow is detected after the active power is measured
continuously above the positive half-tolerance for the set time.
The tolerance and the delay define a hysteresis so that transient changes are filtered out.
The reverse power flow can be configured to leave regulation unaffected, block the regulation, or stop the
regulation (refer to chapter Configuration of regulation Stop & Blocking).
Set-up:
• Func RPF
• 1/2 Tol (%Sn)
• Delay Trpf (s)
3.21.4. Configuration of Regulation Stop and Blocking
The assignment is done by writing a 1 in the parameter, as follows (if more than one "1" is set, the result is a
logical OR of the signals).
Stp 2/2 oYPMuR3_

Stp 1/2 GgVDwIUu pBM 2/2 oYPMuR3_
pBM 1/2 GgVDwIUu
-
Under Voltage 3 phase Voltage Unbalance
Over Voltage Reverse Power Flow
Over Current Parallel Transformer Unbalance
Dvp too low Measurement Fault
OLTC Fault – TCIP ; External OLTC Fault – TPI +/- ; TPI= ?
VT Fail Primary CB Open
Ordered Blocking OLTC Fault – Limit of Consecutive Op.
DIU « BLOCKING »
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Note that “Blocking” implicitly refers to blocking the automatic regulation. Blocking the manual +U/-U operation is
also possible. To make manual blocking effective, with the webCAT, modify as follows:
Set “Func Pre-Def B” = 2;

Set in “pBM 1/2 GgVDwIUu” and if applicable in “pBM 2/2 …” the condition(s) for manual blocking. The parameters
“Blk 1/2 …” and “Blk 2/2 …” remain unchanged and they apply to blocking for automatic regulation. This means
that manual and automatic blocking can be set the same or different, whichever the requirement. For example,
undervoltage is set by default for blocking automatic regulation, but it might not be relevant for manual mode (this
is the example shown in the screen copy), etc.
Note that on a webCAT with graphical interface, these parameters are accessed via the “Report” page and typing
“Fault-Block” in the path filter area
3.21.5. Set to pre-defined Tap
This function sends the necessary commands so that the OLTC reaches a pre-defined position. In this section it
will be named "Set tap". Initiation of this control can be manual or automatic, as described further. A control is
available to stop the sequence in progress, if necessary, before the pre-defined position is reached.
The pre-defined position is described by a position number1 and a match criterion2, such that, in direct
numbering:
• Pre-definition match "<=": voltage lower Command(s) (-U) are emitted if initially the OLTC is on a tap
position greater than the pre-defined one. No command is emitted if the OLTC is already in a position
lower than or equal to the pre-defined one.
• Pre-definition match ">=": complementary of the above, +U commands are emitted if initially the OLTC
is on a tap position lower than the pre-defined one.
• Pre-definition match "=": if initially the OLTC position does not match the pre-defined one, +U or -U
commands, as necessary, are emitted to bring the OLTC to the pre-defined position.
Important note: The rules above apply for direct numbering of the tap position (refer to chapter Direction of
tap position numbering). If reverse numbering is used, the rules must be understood in term of transformation
ratio rather than tap position. Example:
Direct numbering, pre-defined position 7, match "<=":
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Initial 11: -U commands until the position is 7
Initial 3: No command
Reverse numbering, pre-defined position 7:

Initial 11: No command: The transformation ratio is already lower than that of the pre-defined
position.
Initial 3: -U Commands until the position is 7
a) Manual Initiation
The control is available from the iAVR front panel and from remote control. It is a double point control: One
action starts the sequence to Set tap, and when the sequence is in progress, it is possible to cancel it by the
reverse action on the control.
When the OLTC control is not local, the manual control is available when the automatic regulation is off, when it
is on and parameter "Cond Auto/Manu" is "None" (refer to chapter Interaction between Automatic and
Manual Control of the Tap Changer). If Set tap is initiated while the automatic regulation is in service, the
regulation is always switched off irrespective of the value of the parameter "After Man Ctrl".
Set tap, when in progress, is stopped before completion, meaning that the OLTC is left at the position reached
at that time, if any of the following occurs:
• Automatic regulation is switched in service
• A manual control +U or -U is received. The manual control +U or -U may or may not be emitted
depending on the exact chronology of events
• The OLTC control is switched to local
• A Set tap cancel control is received, as explained at the beginning
b) Automatic Initiation
A number of conditions which are set to block the regulation can also, by setting, trigger to Set tap.
The setting is described in section "Fault - Block - Set".
When the automatic regulation is in service, and a condition which is set to Block and Set tap occurs, the
regulation is blocked (refer to chapter Blocking and stop AVR) and Set tap is performed as long as the
condition prevails or until completion. A number of events, if occurring before completion, will stop the Set tap:
• The blocking condition clears out. In this case, the regulation, not being blocked anymore, resumes
normally
• The automatic regulation is switched off (manually or because of some other condition)
• If the parameter "Cond Auto/Manu" is "None" and a manual control +U or -U is made by the operator
(The manual control +U or -U may or may not be emitted, depending on the exact chronology of events)
• If the OLTC control is switched to local
• A Set tap cancel control is received
When the automatic regulation is off, no automatic Set tap occurs.
Set-up in AVR:
• Pre-Defined Tap
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• Pre-Def Match
Set Tap 1/2: 00000000 Set Tap 2/2: 00000000
Under Voltage DIU 0:16

Over Voltage Reserved
Over Current Reverse Power Flow
- Parallel Transformer Unbalance
OLTC Fault -
VT Fail Measurement Fault
Ordered Blocking -
DIU « BLOCKING » -
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3.21.6. Interaction between Automatic and Manual Control of the Tap Changer
By configuration, it is possible to select1 whether manual control is allowed (default) or denied when automatic
regulation is in service.
It is also possible to configure, when automatic regulation is in service, whether a manual control, if configured
allowed, leaves the automatic regulation to continue or stops it2 (default).
As can be seen, the default configuration allows to switch the automatic regulation off either by its control to
"manual", or by a manual control while the regulation is in service. This provides the best flexibility for the
operator.
If the manual control is configured allowed and leaving regulation unaffected, it is possible to automatically raise
or lower all transformers in parallel by manually controlling the master.
In all cases, with such a configuration, the automatic processes still apply: Therefore, if a control is performed
which sets the voltage outside its deadband, or a group of transformers out of balance, or both, the automatic
regulation will react after the control is complete and after the relevant reaction time (TA1 or "del balance").
Set-up:
• Condit Auto/Manu
• After Man Ctrl
3.21.7. Operation at Power-Up
By configuration, at power-up the iAVR can either1
• Start with the regulation always manual. The regulation is then set automatic by an operator action from
the iAVR LHMI or from the supervision
• Start with the regulation in the mode, manual or automatic, which was active at power-down. Note that
the iAVR takes around 90 seconds to complete its start-up. Therefore, automatic regulation can start
only after these 90 seconds. Moreover, a specific delay at start-up can be set for the automatic mode
Set-up:
• AVR -> Open at Start
• AVR -> Delay Start (s)
3.22. Parallel Operation Overview
When the iAVR is configured, and detects the parallel operation of transformers, it applies a coordination method
in addition to the closed-loop voltage regulation. The coordination method, or parallel method, is one among:
• Minimization of reactive circulating current (MCC)
• Master-follower
• Independent - Backup
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The selection of the method is performed in real-time according to a pre-set priority for each method and
depending on present conditions:
• The MCC method which in theory provides the best performance requires healthy Ethernet
communication between the relevant iAVR and a healthy measurement of current. Normally, the
assumption is made that all transformers are interconnected by their primary. Electrically speaking, this
method makes no requirement about the transformers: They may be of different rated power, different
tapping range, different number of taps, different per-unit impedance.
• The Master-Follower method also requires healthy Ethernet communication between the iAVR and
healthy acquisition of the tap position of each transformer. But above all, this method requires that the
transformers are identical in term of transformation ratio, number of taps and tapping range, and per-
unit impedance (which practically means strictly identical).
The Independent-backup mode, as its name implies, is meant to be a back-up solution when one of the above
methods cannot be applied: For example, because of faulty Ethernet communication.
Generally, it is reminded that parallel regulation makes sense only if the rated power of the considered
transformers is within a “reasonable” ratio, i.e maximum 1 to 5.
In case of very different rated powers, it is obvious that an action on the transformer with the smallest rating will
have little effect on the overall balance, whereas an action on the transformer with the largest rating will cause
extreme variations on the transformer with the smallest rating.
Set-up: AVR -> Priority MCC
-> Priority Mast-F
-> Priority Indep-B
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3.23. Election of the MASTER
The iAVR uses internal master-slave architecture for both Master-Follower and Minimisation of circulating
reactive current methods. This means that a master iAVR performs the calculation and operates itself and its
slaves accordingly. The use of distinct words “slave” and “follower” is intentional.
The LED on the front panel displays in real time the role of each iAVR. This display must not be confounded
with the selection of the method, MCC or Master-Follower.
The setting of each iAVR contains the maximum configuration of transformers in the parallel group, meaning the
configuration when the secondaries of all transformers are interconnected. This must not be confounded with
the sub-group or sub-groups of transformers in parallel depending on the real-time topology.
The real-time topology is based on acquisition of five inputs on each iAVR:
• Transformer switched on Node 1 (N1)
• Transformer switched on node 2 (N2)
• Secondary circuit breaker closed (CB)
The logic providing these signals is outside the scope of the iAVR. The following sketches give typical
arrangements.
Among the interconnected iAVR with the same status of inputs N1 and N2, the one fulfilling these conditions is
elected as master:
• The secondary circuit breaker is closed (input CB active)
• Its master priority2 is the smallest non-zero inside the group OR its optional input “MASTER SELECT” is
activated (and it only on that iAVR among the group)
The setting of maximum configuration (1) allows the detection of a communication failure among iAVR
controlling transformers which can run in parallel. Alternatively, the setting allows discarding one iAVR from an
existing configuration when the relevant transformer is isolated from the network for maintenance and the iAVR
powered down or disconnected from the Ethernet network. If such an iAVR was included in the configuration, it
would cause a permanent error due to lack of communication.
Example:
Let's consider a group of four iAVR; The setting of priority follows the iAVR number from 1 to 4 except for iAVR-
3 which has priority zero.
Setting "iAVR // 4 3 2 1" = 1111

This means that all 4 iAVR are taken into account.
Then let's assume that iAVR-1, -2, and -3 are on N1, iAVR-4 on N2. All CB are closed. Then iAVR-1, -2, -3
detect they are running in parallel and iAVR-1 is elected as master. iAVR-4 runs as independent.
After a switching sequence independent of the iAVR, for example a busbar transfer, iAVR-3 is switched on N2
instead of N1.
In this situation, iAVR-1 and -2 detect they are running in parallel and iAVR-1 is the master. iAVR-3 and -4 also
detect they are running in parallel, and iAVR-4 is the master since iAVR-3 has priority setting zero.
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Now let's assume that the transformer controlled by iAVR-2 is isolated from both nodes. iAVR-2 will perform no
regulation action. iAVR-1 will detect that it is running as independent.
If now the iAVR-2 is powered down, the remaining iAVR-1, -3 and -4 will detect a communication failure. This is
a parallel error situation since they lose the knowledge of the topology of iAVR-2 and therefore cannot
determine who is running in parallel with who. No iAVR performs regulation unless it is configured for
Independent-Backup mode (explained further in this document).
If iAVR-2 is forecasted to remain in maintenance for some time, the group setting in iAVR-1, -3, and -4 should
now be:
Setting "iAVR // 4 3 2 1" = 1101
This brings back the previous operational condition: iAVR-1 independent, iAVR-3 and -4 parallel with iAVR-4
master.
It is mandatory for the following settings to be strictly identical between the iAVR inside a parallel group:
• "iAVR // 4 3 2 1"
• MCC priority
• Master-Follower priority
• Balancing when Automatic mode or irrespective of mode
If not, this is detected as a parallel error situation since either the detection of parallel transformers is not the
same between the different iAVR's, or the resulting parallel method is not the same depending on which iAVR is
the master.
The N1 and N2 inputs can be interpreted in two different ways according to setting:
• When a transformer is switched on N1 only for example, the iAVR will check that any other transformer
switched on N1 is switched on N1 only. If another transformer is connected to N1 and N2, this is
deemed as a topology error since in that case the first transformer should also be seen switched on N1
and N2.
• Or, the three combinations N1 only, N2 only and N1 and N2 are interpreted as three distinct nodes.
Set-up of Master Election: iAVR // 4 3 2 1
• Master Priority
• N1N2 <> N1N2
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3.23.1. Manual and automatic parallel operation
The parallel operation must be seen as a combination of, first, regulating the voltage to a given setpoint, and,
second, of balancing the group of transformers.
By setting (Master Election -> TR Balancing), two operation modes in a parallel configuration are possible:
- “When Automatic”: Voltage regulation and balancing are operational when all iAVR in the parallel group
are in automatic mode. When one or more iAVR is in manual mode, there is no automatic operation by
the iAVR and each transformer can be controlled manually.
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- “Auto and Manual”: Balancing is permanent (outside fault conditions) irrespective of auto / Manual mode
of each iAVR. In addition, voltage regulation occurs when the Master is in automatic mode. +/-U manual
operation on a slave iAVR is permanently blocked since, whatever the Auto / Manual mode, all slaves
are controlled by the master. This operation is however interrupted when a fault condition, as configured
in Fault-Block-Set, occurs on whichever iAVR in the parallel group. Once the fault condition is cleared,
normal operation resumes after either a +/-U manual control on the master, or the master being set to
automatic regulation, or a clear alarm action on the master (said controls being either from front panel
or from DIUinputs or remote).
The parameter “TR Balancing” is listed in the “Report” page of the webCAT graphical interface (see §8.3)
3.24. Detection of Transformer Balance and Unbalance
The MCC and M-F parallel methods both run concurrently two processes:
• Voltage regulation
• Transformer balance
Voltage regulation, when reacting to a voltage outside the dead band, is made in interaction with transformer
balancing. When the voltage is inside the dead band, any unbalance detected will trigger reaction to restore the
balance (unless blocked by setting, cf “config. Of stop and blocking”)
The iAVR provides two signals, "Transformer unbalanced" and "Transformer balanced", available by protocol for
supervision.
By default, "transformer unbalanced" drives a front panel LED and an output contact.
These signals are activated as follows:
• When a transformer is detected to run independent, both signals are reset.
On a group of two or more transformers, the iAVR master manages this signal. In order to avoid erroneous
transient behavior, both signals are temporarily reset when:
• tap change is in progress, initiated either by manual control or by automatic regulation, and until voltage
is inside the deadband +/-UdtI
• With parallel method MCC, when undervoltage is detected, since in this case measurement of power is
irrelevant
• there is a parallel operation error; in this case anyway there is no master

If parallel method setting is MCC, the value of extreme low and high Q / |P| are identified among the
transformers. The difference between the high a low is compared to the parameter "MCC Q/P max Diff". If
higher, the signal "transformer unbalance" is set and, if automatic regulation is in service, the iAVR will operate
as necessary to bring this difference within the limit. If lower, the signal "transformer balanced" is set.
If parallel method setting is Master-Follower, the value of tap positions is compared between transformers. If not
all equal, the signal "transformer unbalance" is set, if automatic regulation is in service, the tap position of the
followers will be aligned on the master. If tap positions for all transformers in the group are equal, "transformer
balanced" is set.
The balance detection has the following behavior with respect to the setting of "Homing":
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• If parallel method is Master-Follower, and Homing is out of service: The transformer or transformers
with CB open are not regulated and neither are considered in the balance. The balance is restricted to
the transformers with CB closed. If Homing is in service: The transformer or transformers with CB open
are regulated and are considered in the balance.
• If parallel method is Minimization of circulating current, the balance is restricted to the transformers with
CB closed irrespective of the Homing mode in or out of service.
3.25. MCC Method
3.25.1. Minimization of circulating reactive current
The master permanently identifies the transformers,

among those operating in parallel, with the extreme
high and low ratios of Q/S, taking into account the
sign.
In the following, those transformers are referred to as
“TR max” and “TR” min” respectively (this assignment,
with respect to the real transformer identification,
changes continuously depending on the tap position
of each of them).
In the term Q/S, S is defined as:

• If set, then |P|, absolute value of the active power, when above the set proportion of Sn, for example
20% (see sketch in margin); Or this proportion of Sn, when |P| is lesser
• By default, Sn, the transformer rated power, when the proportion setting is 100% (even if the active
power, in run time, exceeds the rated power).
• This setting must be the same for all transformers
In a situation of voltage outside its limit, if the iAVR is to command a tap change to raise the secondary voltage
it will do so on the transformer with the lowest Q/S, unless this transformer is on its maximum tap position.
Symmetrically, if the iAVR is to command a tap change to lower the secondary voltage, it will do so on the
transformer with highest Q/S unless this transformer is on its lowest tap.
If the voltage is inside its limit, the iAVR monitors the difference between the extreme ratios of Q/S.
If this difference is higher than the limit defined by setting3, the iAVR emits either a command to raise the
secondary voltage of the transformer with lowest Q/S if at that time the voltage is below its target value, or a
command to lower the secondary voltage of the transformer with highest Q/S if the voltage is above the target.
When the difference between extreme ratios of Q/S gets below the pre-set limit, no more command is emitted.
The calculation of Q/S as explained above has two purposes:

• Dividing Q by the rated power makes the method to equalize the reactive currents between
transformers, in proportion of their rating. This is satisfactory if the transformers have identical or nearly
identical impedances. If not so, the aim of the method should be to equalize the power factors, and this
is achieved by dividing Q by |P| instead of by Sn.
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• When dividing by |P| instead of Sn, provision must be made for a low value of |P|, and not to mention
zero, which would yield unpredictable operation. This is avoided by the substitution of low values of |P|
by the set proportion of Sn.
Set-up:
• Transf-Measure -> TR Power (MVA)
• AVR -> MCC Lim P% Sn
• AVR -> MCC Max Q/P Diff
3.26. Master-Follower
The master performs voltage regulation as if it was a single transformer, but in addition, after each tap change, it
will command the same tap change on all “slave” transformers, one after the other.
The delay TA2, when applicable, runs from the end of the tap change of the last slave.
During this operation, voltage is still monitored.
If ever the voltage crosses the dead band before the last slave has been operated, then operation on the
slave(s) is stopped and the master starts its delay TA1 for a possible tap change in the now opposite direction,
followed by operation on the slave(s) as necessary to keep the positions equal.
The operation of the slave(s) after the operation of the previous transformer (master or other slave), occurs:
• Without delay when the voltage is still outside the dead band, because this is the voltage regulation
process;
• After the delay "Del Balance" when the voltage is inside the dead band, because this is the transformer
balance process.
3.27. Independent as Back-Up
As its name implies, this mode is intended as a backup solution. When configured, it applies in either of the
following cases:
• Parallel error because of communication, setting, or topology

• The parallel method MCC or Master-follower cannot be applied because of a method error.
When configured, this mode performs regulation on the transformer as if it was independent.
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3.28. Operation with the Secondary Circuit Breaker Open
A transformer with its secondary circuit breaker open and with its
inputs N1 or N2 or both active is in effect isolated from a busbar only
by its circuit breaker. Unless this is the result of a fault tripping, it
means that this transformer can be connected to the busbar at any
time without further notice. In this situation, and provided that the
voltage measurement is taken on the transformer and not on the
busbar, it may be interesting to regulate this transformer so that its
output voltage allows this connection without useless wear of the
circuit breaker.
When configured1, such a transformer is therefore subject to

regulation which will be named « Homing ».
The master is another transformer with its secondary CB closed.
If the parallel method is Master-Follower, the operation is the same

as with CB closed, except that this transformer cannot be the
master. Its tap position follows that of the transformer which was or
has become master.
If the parallel method is MCC, the transformer with CB open is not

regulated.
Set-up: Master Election -> Func Homing
3.29. Configuration of Outputs
The iAVR provides 3 output contacts and 4 LEDs which are assigned by setting to iAVR internal signals.
The assignment is done by writing a 1 in the relevant position of the relevant parameter1 (if more than one "1" is
set, the result is a logical OR of the signals).
Moreover, a parameter defines for each output and LED whether it is normal or inverted.
The iAVR comes with a factory default setting:

• LED 9: OLTC local mode and OLTC fault (including chronology – PERMANENT)
• LED 10: Lowest and Highest tap reached and Target not Achievable
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• LED 11: Parallel transformer unbalance
• LED 12: Measurement Fault and TPI Invalid
• DOU 0:3 OLTC Fault – Chronology - PULSED
• DOU 0:5 Parallel transformer balance
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The tables hereafter define the configuration for outputs and LED. The “1”’s indicate the factory setting. Zero’s
are added in order to replicate the way the setting is displayed.
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3.30. OLTC Monitoring
3.30.1. Operating time
The iAVR provides a counter for OLTC operations and operation time for each tap position.
The front panel measurement screen in OLTC monitoring displays:
- The tap position with the longest operating time (MAX OP TIME TAP);
- This longest operating time (MAX TAP OP TIME);

- Operation count since last reset (OP COUNT – PART);
- Operation count, total (OP COUNT – TOTAL);
- The highest voltage tap position at around 1% of total operating time (OP TM 1% H V TAP);
- The lowest voltage tap position at around 1% of total operating time (OP TM 1% L V TAP);
- The average time between tap change (TIME BETW TAP CH);
- The total operating time (TOTAL OPER TIME)
The partial operation counter can be reset manually. The total operation counter cannot be reset.
Both are incremented by activation of the input "Tap change in progress". The capacity for both is 10 million
operations.
The operation time counters are incremented when there is no under-voltage situation. The unit is hour and
hundredth of an hour, 36 seconds. There is a reset control applying on all time counters simultaneously. The
counting capacity is 200000 hours for each tap.
Warning: The content of counters may be lost if the iAVR is powered down for more than 48 hours.
It is also lost when the firmware of the iAVR is re-loaded.
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FIGURE 14 EXAMPLE OF COUNTER RESULT
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3.30.1. Cumulated switched current
At each tap change, the current flowing at that time in the tap changer is cumulated by half into the initial tap
position. and by half in the new tap position. The unit is Ampere per kilo-Ampere of nominal current.
The front panel measurement screen in OLTC monitoring displays:
- The average cumulated switched current for all tap positions (I/In SUM – AVG);
- The tap position with the highest cumulated switched current (MAX I/In SUM TAP);
- The value of this highest cumulated current (I/In SUM – MAX).
3.30.2. Temperature measurement
Seven temperatures are available from measurement on 4-20mA channels of the AIU card when present. All
follow a common scaling rule defined by parameters in “Temperature”:
Temp Max (degC)
Temp Min (degC)
Temp Min Acquis (mA) Temp Max Acquis (mA)
These parameters are found in the “Report” page of the webCAT graphical interface (see §8.3).
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3.31. Alarms & Events
FIGURE 15 EXAMPLE OF EVENT LIST
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Category Label Value Nature Record Interface hardwired Address IEC 61850*
See ICD (export of SCE)

BASIC REGULATION CTRL AUTO / CTRL MANUAL DPC E LHMI (synoptic) or ECOSUI selection No
BASIC REGULATION AUTOMATIC / MANUAL DPS E LHMI (synoptic) or ECOSUI state display DOU 0:9
BASIC OLTC CONTROL CONTROL +U / CONTROL -U DPC E LHMI (synoptic) DOU 0:1..2
BASIC TAP POSITION 1.. MV E LHMI (synoptic) DIU 0:1..8
BASIC TAP CH IN PROG ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS E LHMI (MSC screen) DIU 0:11
BASIC REGULATION BLOCKED ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS A DOU 0:8
BASIC OLTC LOCAL MODE ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS E DIU 0:13
BASIC OLTC FAULT ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS A DIU 0:14
BASIC REGULATION FAULT ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS - DOU 0:10
BASIC VOLTAGE = TARG +/- LIM; < TARGET; > TARGET MPS LED U<, U> -
BASIC UNDER-VOLTAGE ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS A LHMI (synoptic) No
BASIC OVER-VOLTAGE ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS A LHMI (synoptic) No
BASIC OVER-CURRENT ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS A LHMI (synoptic) No
BASIC TARGET 1 CTRL IN SERV SPC E LHMI (MSC screen) No
BASIC TARGET 1 IN SERV SPS E LHMI (MSC screen) No
PARALLEL SWITCHED ON B1 ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS E LHMI (synoptic) DIU 1:9

PARALLEL SWITCHED ON B2 ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS E LHMI (synoptic) DIU 1:10
PARALLEL SEC CB CLOSED ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS E LHMI (synoptic) DIU 1:11
PARALLEL EN INDEP BACKUP ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS E LHMI (MSC screen) No
PARALLEL ENABLE MCC ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS E LHMI (MSC screen) No
PARALLEL ENABLE MF ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS E LHMI (MSC screen) No
PARALLEL TR BALANCED ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS E LHMI (MSC screen) No
PARALLEL OPERATION INDEPENDANT / MASTER / SLAVE / SLAVE CB OPEN / PARAL
4 LED
ERROR
PARALLEL PARAL METHOD MASTER FOLLOWER / MIN CIRC CURR / INDEP BACKUP
OPTIONAL CONTROL AUTO ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS E LHMI (synoptic) and TPL Push button DIU 1:6
OPTIONAL CONTROL MANUAL ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS E LHMI (synoptic) and TPL Push button DIU 1:7
OPTIONAL FAST REACTION CTRL IN SERV / CTRL OUT SERV DPC E LHMI (MSC screen) No
OPTIONAL FAST REACTION IN SERV / OUT OF SERV DPS E LHMI (MSC screen) No
OPTIONAL LOCAL CONTROL +U ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS E TPL Push button DIU 1:2
OPTIONAL LOCAL CONTROL -U ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS E TPL Push button DIU 1:1
OPTIONAL LOW TAP ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS E LHMI (MSC screen) No
OPTIONAL HIGH TAP ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS E LHMI (MSC screen) No
OPTIONAL LIM CONSEC MAN ACTIVE / INACTIVE SPS A LHMI (MSC screen) No
OPTIONAL REGULATION MODE REMOTE / LOCAL SPS E LHMI (synoptic) DIU 1:3..4
OPTIONAL LINE DROP COMP CTRL IN SERV / CTRL OUT SERV DPC E LHMI (MSC screen)
OPTIONAL LINE DROP COMP IN SERV / OUT OF SERV DPS E LHMI (MSC screen)
FIGURE 16 EXAMPLE OF SIGNAL LIST
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4. Technical Data
4.1. Conformity
(Per Article 10 of EC Directive 73/23/EEC).

The product designated “iAVR computer” has been designed and manufactured in conformance with the
standard IEC 60255-27:2005 and is compliant with the European Commission Low Voltage Directive
73/23/EEC.
4.2. General data
4.2.1. Design Principle
Surface-mounted case suitable for wall installation or flush-mounted case for 19” cabinets and for control
panels.
4.2.2. Installation Position
Vertical ±15°
4.2.3. Degree of Protection
In agreement with DIN VDE 0470 and EN 60255-27:2006, or with IEC 60255-27:2005:
• IP52 for the front panel with LCD or LEDs

• IP20 for the rack of iAVR
4.2.4. Weight
Approximately 4 kg
4.2.5. Dimensions and Connections
Please refer to the dimensional drawings (iAVR Hardware description chapter) and to the terminal connection
diagrams (iAVR Connection chapter).
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4.2.6. iAVR Computer: Configuration
The iAVR computer is based on C264 40TE Hardware or 60TE hardware depending on hardware options:
4.2.7. iAVR Computer – Comparison of Board Installations between Models
Board Purpose iAVR 40 TE iAVR 60 TE

BIU24x Power supply board X X
CPU 270 (CPU 3) 2 Ethernet communication channels X X
Digital and counter acquisition 2 4

DIU211 Digital measurement acquisition
Datapoints: SPS DPS SCT DCT DM
Execution of single or dual, transient or permanent 2 2

DOU201 conditions
Set datapoints
CT and VT sampling acquisition X X

TMU220
MV calculations with acquired samples
DSPIO for TMU 220 X X
Graphic panel board with Display, buttons and X X

GHU AVR
LED channels
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4.2.8. iAVR Technical Data
CAUTION: THE FULL PERFORMANCE OF THE IAVR IS LESS THAN THE SUM OF THE
PERFORMANCES FOR EACH COMPONENT. FOR A DETAILED PERFORMANCE CHECK, PLEASE
CONTACT US.
a) iAVR: Element limits

Element Limits for 1 of IAVR with
extensions
128 binary inputs
GOOSE size (IEC61850)
64 measurements
Printers at iAVR level 1 (only on rear RS port)
Time discrimination and tagging of 1 ms

events
100 alarms/s
Input bandwidth
100 events/s
480 cycles for 8 analogue

Fast waveform (disturbance) file values
storage capacity + 128 logical status
32 samples/period
NOTE 1: Item: for the interlock / PSL, an item is the output of an Interlock / PSL, or an intermediate
variable used as an output (such as for the TON/TOFF/SR latch operators). In an interlock equation, an
interlock output is equal to one item.
NOTE 2: Element: After the decomposition of the equation into the sum of multiplications, an element is
the operand of an operator.
b) Terminals
PC Maintenance Interface:
• DIN 41652 connector, type female D-Sub, 9-pin, installed on the front panel
• A direct wired cable is required.
Ethernet LAN (installed on the CPU260 board):
• RJ-45 female connector, 8-pin for the 10/100Base-T self-negotiation

• ST female connector for the 100Base-F.
Ethernet LAN (installed on the CPU270 board):
• Two of the RJ-45 female connector, 8-pin for the 10/100Base-T self-negotiation
The IRIG-B interface (standard NF S 87-500, May 1987), installed on the CPU260/270 board:
• BNC plug
• Modulated amplitude, 1 kHz carrier signal

• Time-of-year code: BCD
• Compatible with IRIG B122 code

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Conventional communication links:
• M3 threaded terminal ends, self-centering with wire protection for conductor cross sections from 0.2 to
2.5 mm² for BIU241 board
• DIN 41652 connector; type D-Sub, 9-pin, installed on the CPU270 board.
Input /Output or power supply modules:
• M3 threaded terminal ends, self-centring with wire protection for conductor cross sections from 0.2 to
2.5 mm² for these boards:
 BIU241
 DIU211
 DOU201
 AIU211
 The I/O boards and BIU241 include a 24-pin, 5.08 mm pitch male-connector.
Current-measuring and Voltage-measuring inputs:
• M5 threaded terminal ends, self-centering with wire protection for conductor cross sections between 2.5
and 4 mm² for the TMU board.
• The TMU board includes this connector. MIDOS 28 terminal block
4.2.9. Creepage Distances and Clearances
In agreement with IEC 60255-27:2005 and IEC 664-1:1992.
Pollution degree 2, working voltage 250 V.
Overvoltage category III, impulse test voltage 5 kV.
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4.3. Ratings
4.3.1. Auxiliary Voltage
The iAVR computer is available in four auxiliary voltage versions, as follows:
Operative DC Operative
Version Nominal ranges
range AC range
A01 24VDC 19.2 thru 28.8VDC -
A02 48 thru 60VDC 38.4 thru 72VDC -
A03 110 thru 125VDC 88 thru 150VDC -
A04 220VDC and 176 thru 264VDC 176 thru
230VDC 264VAC
The nominal frequency (Fn) for the AC auxiliary voltage is dual rated at 50/60Hz, the operate range is 45Hz to
65Hz.
The BIU241 board includes these attributes:
• Inrush current 6.2 A at 125 VDC during the first 50 ms at startup
• Power supply: 40 W
• Nominal output voltage: + 5V
• Supply monitoring
• Permitted power outage: 50 ms

• Protection against polarity reversal
• Insulation resistance: >100 M (CM) at 500 VDC
• Dielectric strength: 2 kV (CM) – 50 Hz for 1 minute
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4.3.2. Power Supply
BIU241 Digital Outputs : on the BIU241 board, the attributes of the Watchdog Relay Contacts are the same as
the attributes for the NO+NC contacts installed on the DOU201 boards.
On the BIU241 board, the attributes of the two output relays used for iAVR redundancy are the same as for the
single-pole output-relay installed on the DOU201 boards.
4.3.3. Limitation
• The board contains the Port 2 only. The communication port 2 remains the same as the BIU241.
• The board has been designed to support two voltage ranges, direct current only:
Case Power supply range
A02 48VDC 60VDC
A03 110VDC 125VDC
A04 220VDC 230VDC
4.3.4. Performances
• Switching lead time from Main source to Secondary source: 20 ms max.
• Switching lead time from Secondary source to Main source: 20 ms max.

• The board is protected against polarity reversal.
Voltage insulation between Main & Secondary power supply source: 2500 V Rms.
4.3.5. Digital Input Unit (DIU)
DIU211 Digital Inputs: in the iAVR rack, the DIU211 board replaces a DIU200 board. External connections are
the same as the ones on the previous boards.
The DIU211 board includes 16 opto-isolated digital-inputs, with one common for two inputs.
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There are six versions of the DIU211 board, as follows:
Version Nominal voltage Triggering threshold (VDC)

(+/-20%)
A01 24 VDC if V >10 VDC Input status is set
if V < 8 VDC Input status is reset
A02 48 to 60 VDC if V >17.4 VDC Input status is set
if V < 12.5 VDC Input status is
reset
A03 110 to 125 VDC if V > 50 VDC Input status is set
if V< 20.9 VDC Input status is
reset
A04 or 220 VDC or if V > 86 VDC Input status is set
A07 110 to 125VDC if V< 67 VDC Input status is reset
(with 80%
Threshold)
A08 220 VDC (with if V > 176 VDC Input status is set
80% Threshold) if V< 132 VDC Input status is reset
A01 24 VDC if V >10 VDC Input status is set
if V < 8 VDC Input status is reset
The inputs are suitable for use on systems with nominal battery voltages from 24Vd.c. to 220Vd.c (+/- 20%).
The input responds to negative input voltages. The inputs are not self-controlled.
The threshold voltage depends on the selection of the voltage range:
Nominal voltage Triggering threshold (VDC)

(+/-20%)
24 VDC 15V (drop off) – 19V (pick up)
48 to 60 VDC 15V (drop off) – 19V (pick up)
110 to 125 VDC 35V (drop off) – 52V (pick up)
220 VDC 65V (drop off) – 106V (pick up)
For CPU2 and CPU3, use jumpers to select the nominal voltage.
For use with CPU 2 board, use a four-position header and jumper to select the address of the board.
For use with CPU 3 board, the location of the DIU211 in the iAVR rack defines the address of the board. If you
use the DIU211 as a spare of a previous board, you can use the jumper to define the address of the board. Use
the PACiS tool, System Configuration Editor (SCE) to define this location.
For an input voltage from the threshold value to 18V, the input current is 30mA. The voltage applied to the input
terminals, with amplitude of between 19,2VDC and 264VDC powers the pulse generation circuit. The circuit
drives a pulse of current with amplitude of 30mA. The pulse duration is between 1ms and 2ms.
To reduce thermal dissipation, especially at high input voltages, the inputs draw a current of less than 1.6 mA.
For details about the input burdens, please refer to the topic DIU211 Input Burden in this chapter.
For more installation data about this board, please refer to the topic, MiCOM 264 Computer: Configuration.
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4.3.6. Digital Output Unit (DOU)
DOU201 Digital Output: the DOU201 board gives you:
• 10 insulated digital outputs (with relays)
• 8 single pole relays with one normally open (NO) contact
• 2 single pole relays with 1 common for 2 outputs (NO/NC)
In the iAVR rack, a DOU201 board replaces a DOU200 board. External connections remain the same as for
earlier versions of the board.
For more details of the DOU201 board, please refer to the table that follows:
Description Values
Nominal operating 24 thru 250VDC / 230 VAC
voltage range
Make 5A
Carry 5A continuously
30A for 500 ms or 250A for 30 ms
Break DC: 50 W resistive, 15 W inductive (L/R = 40 ms)
AC: 1250 VA resistive, 1250 VA inductive (cos ϕ = 0.7)
In these conditions, the contact resistance is still lower than 250 mΩ for 10000 operations.
Operating time Break < 7 ms
8 simple pole contacts Normally open
2 double pole 1 Normally open +1 Normally close
contacts
For use with CPU 2 board, use a four-position header and jumper to select the address of the board.
For use with CPU 3 board, the location of the DOU201 in the iAVR rack defines the address of the board. If you
use the DOU201 as a spare of a previous board, you can use the jumper to define the address of the board.
Use the PACiS tool, System Configuration Editor (SCE) to define this location.
Dielectric strength of the coil contacts: 5000 Vrms.
For more installation data about this board, please refer to the topic, MiCOM 264 Computer: Configuration
4.3.7. Transducerless Measurement Unit (TMU) CT/VT Analogue Inputs
a) General
The iAVR comes with a TMU220 board, capable of acquisition of 4 currents and 4 voltages directly from
measurement transformers (CT and VT).
For more information about these boards, please refer to the topic, MiCOM 264 Computer: Configuration.
b) TMU220 – Current Transformers (CT)

On the terminal block, there are two available nominal currents, each with different attributes.
The current measurement inputs to each of the 4 Current Transformers (CT) include the attributes that follow.
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Description Operating range

1A 5A
Nominal AC current 1Arms 5Arms
(In)
Minimum measurable 0.2 A r m s 0.2 A r m s
current with same
accuracy
Maximum measurable 4 A r m s (4*In) 20 A r m s (4*In)
current
Frequency 50 or 60 Hz ± 10% 50 or 60 Hz ± 10%
c) TMU220 CT Load Rating
Duration Strength
1A 5A
3 seconds: not measurable, with 6 A r m s (6*In) 30 A r m s
no destruction (6*In)
1 second: not measurable, with 20 A r m s 100 A r m s
no destruction (20*In) (20*In)
d) TMU220 – Voltage Transformers (VT)

The voltage measurement inputs to each of the 5 Voltage Transformers (VT) include the attributes that follow:
Description Operating Range

Nominal AC voltage (Vn) range 57.73 V r m s to 500 V r m s
Minimum measurable voltage 7Vrms
Maximum measurable voltage 577 V r m s
Frequency operating range 50 or 60 Hz ± 10%
e) VT Load Rating
f) Duration g) Strength
10 seconds with no destruction 880 V r m s
h) TMU220 - A/D Converter

On the TMU220 boards, the A/D converter includes the attributes that follow:
Description Values
Width 16 bits
Conversion period < 30 µs
Scanning period 64 samples/period
Linearity error ± 2 LSB
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SINAD ratio as much as 1kHz 0db

Low passed filter at 1kHz -40db/decade
4.4. Power supply
4.4.1. Auxiliary Voltage
The iAVR computer burdens depend on the number of cards installed in the computer and show in the table that
follows:
Version Nominal Maximum

iAVR 15W 22W
For more specific details about the iAVR burdens, please refer to the table that follows:
Computer Version Voltage Nominal

50% of the DI energized Maximum
and one relay per board All DI and all relays energized
energized
iAVR A01 24VDC 12VADC 13WAC 17VADC 17WAC
iAVR A02 48 thru 60VDC 16VADC 17WAC 22 VADC 22 WAC
iAVR A03 110 thru 125VDC
iAVR A04 220VDC and 19VADC 20WAC 27VADC 27 WAC
230VAC
4.4.2. Power Inputs
For the BIU241 board, the input burden on the internal 5V bus is 1,25W. This includes the watchdog, redundancy
relays and communication ports.
The efficiency of the power supply is 78%.
NOTE: During the start of the iAVR, there is a peak current. During the first 50ms, the peak current can reach
6.2A, as measured on the BIU-A03 board with a source of 125VDC.
4.4.3. CPU Boards
The CPU270 board manages the Flash and Ram memory in order to allow the iAVR to have more than 16 servers
when possible (depending of the size of the data model).
SCE zips data model files for iAVR and memorizes zipped data model files in its flash memory. Whilst launching,
AGENCY uncompress data model files one after another in computer RAM.
4.4.4. Digital Input Unit (DIU) Input Burden
DIU211 Input Burden: to reduce thermal dissipation, especially at high input voltage levels, the inputs use less
than 1.6mA.
The DIU211 board includes the input burdens that follow:

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Nominal voltage Current at Un (mA)- after peak

24VDC 2.6 mA
48VDC 2.2 mA
110VDC 1.9 mA
125VDC 1.5 mA
220VDC 1 mA
FIGURE 17 PEAK CURRENT RESPONSE CURVE
The burden of the DIU211 board on the internal 5V bus is 75mW
From 48VDC to 220VDC voltage, a high current consumption is created on binary inputs during a short period
and circulates through external binary contacts to clean them. Please refer to the peak current response curve.
IMPORTANT NOTE: For the 24VDC voltage, there is no short peak current because of the permanent high
consumption on inputs >25ma.
4.4.5. Digital Output Unit (DOU) Input Burden
DOU201 Input Burden: for the DOU201 board, the input burden on the internal 5V bus is 250mW plus 200mW for
each activated relay.
4.4.6. Transducerless Measurement Unit (TMU) CT/VT Input Burden
TMU220 Input Burden: for the TMU220 boards, the input burdens on the internal transformers follow:
CT burden
Nominal consumption (VA)
(at nominal current – In)
TMU220
1A < 0.02
5A < 0.2
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VT burden
Nominal consumption (VA)
(at nominal voltage – Vn)
TMU220
Vn = 130 V r m s < 0.01
For the TMU220 board, the input burden on the internal 5V bus is 300mW.
4.4.7. Front Panel Board Input Burden
For the GHU iAVR boards, the input burden on the internal 5V bus is:
• 600mW when the LCD screen is not back-lit
• 3W when the LCD screen is back-lit.
4.5. Accuracy
For all specified accuracy, the repeatability is ± 2.5% unless otherwise specified.
If no range is specified for the validity of the accuracy, then the specified accuracy shall be valid over the full
setting range.
4.5.1. Reference Conditions
How to measure the Isolation

Resistance?
To measure the isolation resistance, do

the steps that follow:
 Apply a continuous voltage of

500 V to the two points.
 Wait a minimum of 5 seconds to

stabilize the reading.
 Make a record of the isolation

resistance.
 The isolation resistance must

be higher than 100 M ohms, in
agreement with procedure
LQD/P52/1
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4.5.2. Measurement Accuracy
Measurement Accuracy – TMU220

The TMU220 board includes the attributes that follow:
Quantity Accuracy
Current 0.2% full scale
Voltage 0.2% full scale
Frequency ± 0.01 Hz
Amplitude < 1%
Phase ± 1°
Overall temperature coefficient ± 10 ppm/°C
Harmonics H15
4.6. Dielectric & Strength Tests
4.6.1. ECU200/ECU201 – Dielectric Strength Test
Type Test description Type Test Standard Conditions

Insulation Resistance IEC 60255-5 (2000) 100 MΩ at
500 VDC
(CM & DM)
(between
groups)
4.6.2. iAVR – Dielectric Strength Test
Type Test description Type Test Standard Conditions

Insulation Resistance IEC 60255-5 (2000) 100 MΩ at
500VDC (CM
& DM)
Dielectric Strength IEC 60255-5 (2000) 50 Hz for 1
IEEE C37.90 (1989) minute, 2kV
(CM), 1kV
(DM)
High Voltage Impulse Test IEC 60255-5 (2000) 5 kV CM and
3 kV DM
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4.6.3. Mechanical Test
Type Test Name Type Test Standard Conditions

Free Fall Test IEC 60068-2-31 (1969) 2 falls of 5 cm
Free Fall Packaging + A1 (1982) (Computer not
Test powered)
IEC 60068-2-32 (1975) 25 falls of 50

+A1 (1982) + A2 (1990) cm (Packaged
computer)
Vibration Response – IEC 60255-21-1 (1988) Class 2:
Powered On Acceleration:
1g from 10 to
150Hz
Vibration Response – IEC 60255-21-1 (1988) Class 2:
Not Powered On Acceleration:
2g from 10 to
500Hz
Vibration Endurance – IEC 60068-2-6 (1995) Class 2:
Not Powered On Acceleration:
1g from 10 to
500Hz
Shocks – Not Powered IEC 60255-21-2 (1988) Class 1:
On 15g, 11 ms
Shocks – Powered On IEC 60255-21-2 (1988) Class 2:
10g, 11 ms
Bump Test – Not IEC 60255-21-2 (1988) Class 1:
Powered On 10g, 16ms,
2000/axis
Seismic Test – IEC 60255-21-3 (1993) Class 2:
Powered On Acceleration:
2g
Displacement:
7.5mm upon
axis H
Acceleration:
1g
Displacement:
3.5mm upon
axis V
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4.6.4. Atmospheric Test
Type Test Name Type Test Conditions

Standard
Damp Heat Test – IEC 60068-2-3 Test Ca:
Operating (1969) +40°C / 10 days
/ 93% RH
Cold Test - Operating IEC 60068-2-1 Test Ab: - 25°C /
(1990) 96 h
Cold Test - Storage IEC60068-2-1 Test Ad:
(1990) -40°C / 96 h
Powered On at –
25°C (for
information)
Dry Heat Test – IEC 60068-2-2 70°C / 24 h
Operating (1974)
Dry Heat Long Test – DICOT HN 46-R01- 55°C / 10 days
Operating 06 (1993)
Dry Heat Test – IEC 60068-2-1 Test Bd:
Storage (1990) +70°C / 96 h
Powered On at
+70°C
Enclosure Protection IEC 60529 (1989) + Front: IP52
A1 (1999)
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4.6.5. DC Auxiliary Supply Test

Inrush current DICOT HN 46-R01-4 T < 1.5 ms / I < 20
(start-up) (1993) A
1.5ms < T < 150
ms / I < 10 A
T > 500 ms / I <
1.2 In
Supply variation IEC 60255-6 (1988) Vn ± 20%
Vn+30% & Vn-
25% for
information
Overvoltage IEC 60255-6 (1988) 1.32 Vn max
(peak strength) 2 Vn during 10 ms
(for information)
Ramp down to zero N/A From Vn down to 0
within 1 minute
From Vn down to 0
within 100 minutes
Ramp up from zero N/A From 0 to Vn
within 1 minute
From 0 to Vn
within 100 minutes
Supply interruption IEC 60255-11 (1979) From 2.5 ms to 1 s
at 0.8 Vn
50 ms at Vn, no
malfunction
Reverse polarity N/A Polarity – for the
lower potential of
the supply
Polarity + for the

lower potential of
the supply
Ripple (frequency IEC 60255-11 (1979) 12% Vn at
fluctuations) f=100Hz or 120Hz
12% Vn at
f=200Hz for
information
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4.6.6. AC Auxiliary Supply Test

Supply variations IEC 60255-6 (1988) Vn ± 20%
AC Voltage dips & EN 61000-4-11 2ms to 20ms &
short interruptions (1994) 50ms to 1s
50 ms at Vn, no
malfunction
Frequency IEC 60255-6 (1988) 50 Hz: from 47 to
fluctuations 54 Hz
60 Hz: from 57 to
63 Hz
Voltage strength N/A 2 Vn during 10 ms
(for information)
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4.6.7. Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Tests

High Frequency IEC 60255-22-1 Class 3: 2.5kV
Disturbance (1988) (CM) / 1kV (DM)
IEC 61000-4-12
(1995)
IEEE C37.90.1 (1989)
Electrostatic IEC 60255-22-2 Class 4:
discharge (1996) 8kV contact / 15
IEC 61000-4-2 (1995) kV air
+ A1 (1998) + A2
(2001)
Radiated Immunity IEC 60255-22-3 Class 3:
(2000) 10 V/m – 80 to
IEC 61000-4-3 (2002) 1000 MHz
+ A1 (2002)
IEEE C37.90.2 (1987) & spot tests
35 V/m – 25 to
1000 MHz
Fast Transient Burst IEC 60255-22-4 Class 4: 4kV –
(2002) 2.5kHz (CM)
IEC 61000-4-4 (1995) Class 4: 2.5kV –
+ A1 (2001) 2.5kHz (DM) on
IEEE C37.90.1 (1989) DI/DO
Surge immunity IEC 61000-4-5 (1995) Class 4:

+ A1 (2001) 4kV (CM) – 2kV
(DM)
High frequency IEC 61000-4-6 (2003) Class 3:
conducted immunity 10 V, 0.15 – 80
MHz
Harmonics Immunity IEC 61000-4-7 (2002) 5% & 10% from
H2 thru H17
Power Frequency IEC 61000-4-8 (1993) Class 5:
Magnetic Field 100A/m for 1mn
Immunity
1000A/m for 3s
Pulse magnetic field IEC 61000-4-9 (1993) Class 5:
immunity 6.4 / 16 µs
1000A/m for 3s
Damped oscillatory IEC 61000-4-10 Class 5:

magnetic field (1993) + A1 (2001) 100 kHz & 1 MHz –
immunity 100A/m
Power Frequency IEC 61000-4-16 CM 500 V / DM 250
(1998) V via 0.1 µF
Conducted emission EN 55022 (1998) + Gr. I, class A: from
A1 (2000) + A2 0.15 to 30 MHz
(2003)
Radiated emission EN 55022(1998) + A1 Gr. I, class A: from
(2000) + A2 (2003) 30 to 1000 MHz
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5. Hardware
This chapter describes the product hardware, which is not described in the Commissioning chapter.
5.1. Hardware Description
5.1.1. Components
The iAVR is based on a modular and scalable architecture to support dedicated hardware modules adapted to
transformers confirmation.
Each iAVR rack can be equipped with the following modules:
• BIU241: Basic Interface Unit. This board includes the auxiliary power supply converter, the watchdog
relay, 2 digital outputs/2 digital inputs for C264 redundancy and 2 isolated RS485/RS232 interfaces
• CPU260 (also named CPU2) or CPU270 (also named CPU3): Central Processing Unit and
communications board based on PowerPC processor
• FBP24x: Front Back Plane: bus for 40TE case
• DIU211: Digital Inputs Unit each with 16 digital inputs for voltages from 24 to 220Vdc (versions are
jumper-selected)
• DOU201: Digital Outputs Unit each with 10 digital outputs
• TMU2xx: Transducerless Measurements Unit board for direct CT/VT measurement used together with
DSP: Digital Signal Processing board.
• GHU200: Graphical Human machine interface Unit: Front Panel including 17 LEDs (13 are user-
configurable) + 7 pushbuttons (L/R, Open, Close, etc) + LCD (resolution of 128 x 128 pixels /16 lines of
21 characters each) and a keypad at the front plate for local HMI management
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5.1.2. Hardware Overview
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5.1.3. Rack Styles
The mechanical rack is 4 U high.
iAVR rack is inspired from compact controller C264 in

either 40TE, 60TE or 80TE width depending on options.
Properties:
• Case degree of protection: IP52 in standard
• Front Panel degree of protection: IP52
• Metallic case
FIGURE 18 PANEL CUT-OUT FOR C264 X0TE
5.1.4. Dimensions
FIGURE 19 IAVR 40 TE RACK SIZE
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FIGURE 20 IAVR 80 TE RACK SIZE
5.1.5. Front Panels
a) GHU200
The GHU200 is the front panel with LCD and LEDs used for the iAVR:
• 17 LEDs (4 are user-configurable)
• 7 pushbuttons (L/R, Open, Close, etc)
• a keypad at the front plate for local HMI management with 5 pushbuttons
• an LCD (resolution of 128 x 128 pixels /16 lines of 21 characters each)
FIGURE 21 IAVR – GHU200 BOARD

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b) Sockets
The FBP242 board is the front backplane of iAVR equipped with the CPU260.
FIGURE 22 IAVR – FBP242 BOARD
c) Rear panel featuring the CT/VT BOARD:
FIGURE 23 IAVR – REAR PANEL
The FBP243 board is the front backplane of SMART - R:
FIGURE 24 IAVR – FBP243 BOARD
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5.2. Module Description
5.2.1. Power Auxiliary Supply and Legacy Ports Board – BIU241
This board includes:
• the auxiliary power supply converter
• the watchdog relay (closed if the product is healthy)

• 2 outputs (Normally Open contacts) and 2 inputs for redundancy
• 2 isolated interfaces (Port 1: RS232 or RS485, Port 2: RS232, RS422 or RS485)
The power auxiliary supply board is protected against polarity reversal.
The BIU241 board provides two isolated serial links.
This following figure locates the serial links configuration jumpers
FIGURE 25 IAVR - BIU241 BOARD FIGURE 26 BIU JUMPERS
5.2.2. Central Processing Unit & Communication Board – CPU270
The CPU270 board is based on a PowerPC processor including the 10/100BaseT Ethernet communication.
• Two 100BaseTx Ethernet port
• Two non-isolated RS232 links. The transmission rate must be the same on both links (values from 50 to
56000 bps configurable with the configuration tool or settable via GHU20x)
• An IRIG-B input
• An optional daughter board (DSP220) for CT/VT management

This board is interfaced with all I/O boards and the front panel.
CPU270 has the following key features:

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• 64-bit Power PC-based microprocessor (MPC8270VR) clocked at 266 MHz (theoretical frequency); the
real frequency is 262 MHz (shown at serial link)
• 256 Mbytes SDRAM
• 64 Mbytes Flash memory
• 128 Kbytes static memory SRAM
• Calendar saved
FIGURE 27 IAVR - CPU270 BOARD
5.2.3. DSP220 Board
The DSP220 board is carried by the CPU260/270 board. It is used in conjunction with the TMU220 board.
FIGURE 28 IAVR - DSPIO DAUGHTER BOARD ON CPU
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5.2.4. Digital Inputs Unit – DIU211
• The capabilities of the DIU211

boards are:
• 16 optically isolated digital inputs
• 1 common contact for 2 inputs

(positive or negative)
• The digital inputs can be used for

single or double status, pulse or
digital measurement input on the
same unit.
• All voltages between 24V and 220V

DC
• From 24Vdc to 220Vdc: a peak

current (> 27mA) circulates during a
short time (± 2 ms) to clean external relay’s contacts (figure on the left)
• With 24VDC voltage, the high current consumption (>25mA) is permanent.
FIGURE 29 IAVR - DIU211 BOARD
5.2.5. Digital Outputs Unit – DOU201
The Digital Outputs Unit (DOU201) board provides 10 isolated digital outputs using integrated relays.
The DOU201 board capabilities are:
• 8 single pole relays with one normally open (NO) contact
• 2 single pole relays with 1 common for 2 outputs (NO/NC)
• Nominal operating voltage range of 24V to 250 VDC / 230 VAC
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DOU201 has 8 single pole contacts which are normally open and 2 double pole contacts in which one pole contact
is normally open and one pole contact is normally close.
FIGURE 30 IAVR - DOU201 BOARD
5.2.6. Transducerless Measurements Unit – TMU220
The transducerless measurement capabilities are the following:
• 4 measurement Current Transformers (4 CT) inputs
 Transformers have two ranges 1 and 5 amperes

• For the TMU220 5 measurement Voltage Transformers (5 VT) inputs
 AC voltage (VN): 57.73 Vrms to 500 Vrms
• Frequency operating range: 50 or 60 Hz ± 10%
The measured values are processed by an associated board:
Measurement Unit Processor Processor Board

TMU220 TMS320C6713 DSP220
FIGURE 31 IAVR – TMU220 BOARD
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6. Connections
This chapter describes the connectors of the product and the connection diagrams of each I/O boards.
6.1. Connector Blocks
6.1.1. I/O Connector Block
FIGURE 32 A 24-PIN I/0 CONNECTOR

All the I/O connection uses a standard type of connector block with a 24-pin and 5.08 mm pitch.
NOTE: The connector is fixed with 2 screws M3 located on both vertical sides of the connector.
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6.1.2. CT/VT Connector Block
FIGURE 33 STANDARD MIDOS 28 CT/VT CONNECTOR
iAVR uses a standard black MiDOS 28 terminal block for transformer connection.
CT connection has 2 dual terminal groups, this allows dual rated transformer (1A/5A). Each group has shorting
contact to allow disconnection of CTs without damage.
NOTE: The connector is fixed to the rack with 4 Phillips screws M4; 2 are located on the top part and 2 on the
bottom part.
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6.1.3. Diagram for 1 phase-N voltage + 1 current
(“VT Connection” = 1)
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6.1.4. Diagram for 1 phase-phase voltage + current of opposite phase
(“VT Connection” = 2)
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6.1.5. Ethernet-based Communications Connections
FIGURE 34 RJ45 CONNECTOR

The Ethernet-based communication available in the iAVR works in full duplex mode, using either fibre optic media
(ST connector) or 4 pair twisted cable.
Only the cable isolated category 5 (FTP: Foil Twisted Pair) or isolated (STP - Shielded Twisted Pairs) with RJ45
connectors must be used.
Only pins N°1, 2, 3 and 6 is used in RJ45 Ethernet 10/100BaseTX.
The norm is:
• 1 = white / orange
• 2 = orange
• 3 = white / green
• 4 = blue (not used)
• 5 = white / blue (not used)
• 6 = green
• 7 = white / brown (not used)
• 8 = brown (not used)
The RJ45 connector when seen face on, flat side on bottom, side tab on top, then pin 1 is on the left and pin 8 on
the right.
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6.2. Connection of the Protective Conductor (Earth)
6.2.1. Earthing
iAVR must be connected to the earth according to product safety standard EN60255-27:2005 clause 5.1.5 using
the protective conductor (earth) terminal located on the rear panel.
Connection of the Protective conductor (earth)

The iAVR racks must be earthed, for safety reasons, by connection of the protective conductor (earth) to the M4
threaded stud allocated as the protective conductor terminal (PCT), marked with the symbol shown.
Earthing Cable Example
Good conductor surface
Cable Crimp
Copper Cable
Minimum section : 2.5mm2
The protective conductor (earth) must be as short as possible with low resistance and inductance. The best
electrical conductivity must be maintained at all times, particularly the contact resistance of the plated steel stud
surface. The resistance between the iAVR protective conductor (earth) terminal (PCT) and the protective earth
conductor must be less than 10 mA at 12 Volt, 100 Hz.
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6.2.2. Cable Fitting
FIGURE 35 FIRST EXAMPLE OF EARTHING ARRANGEMENT

It is recommended to use cables (0.8 mm2) as following:
• Screened multi-strand cable has to be used for digital input-output signals. For cables within the cubicle
the cable screen can be connected to the earth at both ends of the cable. If the cable is taken beyond the
system cubicle the cable screen should be earthed at one end only to prevent current flowing in the screen
due any differences in ground potential.
• Screened and twisted pair has to be used for analogue input-output signals. The screen is connected to
the earth by the end of Bay Module side.
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• One or two screened and twisted pairs have to be used for lower communication signals. The screen is
connected to the earth by two cable ends.
• It is recommended to group cables and fit them as near as possible to an earth plane or to an element of
an earth wire-mesh.
6.3. Connection Diagram for I/O Boards
FIGURE 36 IAVR BOARDS ON IAVR 40 TE
FIGURE 37 IAVR BOARDS ON IAVR 60TE

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FIGURE 38 IAVR BOARDS ON IAVR 80TE
6.3.1. Power Auxiliary Supply and Legacy Ports Board – BIU241
a) Connector Description
FIGURE 39 BIU241 BOARD - CONNECTOR DESCRIPTION

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• BIU241-A01 : 24 VDC / Pull-

up voltage for 2DI: 24 VDC
• BIU241-A02 : 48 to 60 VDC /
Pull-up voltage for 2DI: 48/60
VDC
• BIU241-A03 : 110 to 125 VDC

/ Pull-up for 2 DI: 110/125
VDC
• BIU241-A04: 220 VDC and

115 to 230VAC / Pull-up
voltage for 2 DI: 220 VDC
FIGURE 40 BIU241 BLOCK DIAGRAM
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6.3.2. Central Processing Unit – CPU270
FIGURE 41 CPU270 BLOCK DIAGRAM

For TMU 220 board, there is a daughter board DSP 200 on CPU 270.
In addition to two 10/100BaseT Ethernet interfaces, these boards include:
• The IRIG-B interface: BNC plug
• Two non-isolated RS232 interfaces (DB9 male connector)
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6.3.3. Digital Inputs Module – OLTC Information (DIU211)
a) Location
The Digital Input modules provides 16 optically isolated digital inputs with one common for two DI. This common
links the positive inputs of the two opto-couplers. They are located:
• DIU211_0
 Slot F on iAVR 40TE
 Slot K on iAVR 60TE
 Slot P on iAVR 80TE
• DIU211_1
 Slot E on iAVR 40TE
 Slot J on iAVR 60TE
 Slot O on iAVR 80TE
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b) Connector description
See chapter Functional Description, topic “Exchange Between OLTC & iAVR” (Example: Trip of OLTC Motor)
NOTE: The triggering threshold depends on jumper positions; see the HW chapter.
DIU211_0 DIU211_1
Input Signal Notes Input Signal Notes
1 Bit 0 (BCD 1) 1 Local control - U

Pulse
2 Bit 1(BCD 2) 2 Local control + U
Local / Remote
3 Bit 2 (BCD 4) 3 switch - Local
Option:
Permanent; Permanent
TPL Local / Remote
4 Bit 3 (BCD 8) Continued 4
OLTC on switch - Remote
position DIU211_2 Local Control to
5 Bit 4 (BCD 10) for code “1 5 Manual
among N” Pulse
Local Control to
6 Bit 5 (BCD 20) 6 Automatic
7 Bit 6 7 Not used
8 Bit 7 8 MASTER SELECT Permanent
9 9 SWITCHED ON N1
Option:
10 10 SWITCHED ON N2
Parallel
Tap Change in
11 OLTC
Progress
11 SWITCHED ON N3 Permanent
12 VT / Fuse Fail / Blown 12 SWITCHED ON N4
Secondary circuit
13 OLTC Local control mode Permanent 13 breaker Closed
Fault (motor MCB Primary circuit
14 OLTC
trip and other)
14 breaker Closed
Permanent
Generic
15 External Blocking 15 DIU 1:15 / 20-21 Permanent
Inputs
16 TPL (opt) CLEAR ALARM(S) Pulse 16 DIU 1:16 / 20-21 Permanent
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FIGURE 42 DIU211 BLOCK DIAGRAM
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6.3.4. Digital outputs Module – OLTC Information (DOU201)
a) Location
The Digital Input modules provides 10 isolated outputs using relays. They are located:
• DOU201_0 on slot C on iAVR 40TE, 60TE or 80TE
• DOU201_1 on slot D on iAVR 40TE, 60TE or 80TE
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b) Connector description
DOU_0 DOU_1
Input Signal Notes Input Signal Notes
1 - U lower Pulse 1 BCD 1
2 + U raise Pulse 2 BCD 2
3 DOU 0:3 / 5-6 3 Copy of BCD 4

Tap
OLTC Permanent
Changer
4 DOU 0:4 / 7-8 4 position BCD 8
5 DOU 0:5 / 9-10 5 BCD 10

Permanent
6 Not used 6 BCD 20
7 Not used 7 Not used
8 Regulation Blocked Permanent 8 Not used
Copy of input “Tap

Regulation
9 Running
Permanent 9 change in
progress”
10 Default Regulation Permanent 10 SPARE
FIGURE 43DOU 201 BOARDS – BLOCK DIAGRAM
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6.3.5. Analog Input Module – (AIU211)
a) Connector description
Input Signal
AI1 Tap position
AI2 Oil temperature
Winding temperature -
AI3 primary
Winding temperature -
AI4 Secondary
AI5 Temperature A
AI6 Temperature B
AI7 Temperature C
AI8 Temperature D
The Digital Input modules provides 10 isolated outputs using relays. They are located:
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b) Transducerless Measurements Unit module – OLTC Information (DOU201)
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c) Location
The Transducerless Measurements Unit module (TMU220) provides 5 transducerless voltage inputs (VT) and 4
transducerless current inputs (CT).
For TMU 220, there is a daughter board DSP200 on CPU 270.
It is located:
• TMU220 on slot G on iAVR 40TE
• TMU220 on slot L on iAVR 60TE
• TMU220 on slot Q on iAVR 80TE
Connector Description
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(See information about Select Voltage and wiring in chapter Transformer Measures)
TMU
Input Signal Notes
21-22 VA-N or UA-B

Voltage
Transformer
23-24 VB-N or UB-C Option
Typically
100V
25-26 VC-N or UC-A Option
15-16 IA Current Option
11-12 Current IB Current Option

Transformer
7-8 1A IC Current Option
3-4 IN Current Option
13-14 IA Current Option
9-10 Current IB Current Option

Transformer
5-6 5A IC Current Option
1-2 IN Current Option
FIGURE 44 TMU 220 BOARDS – BLOCK DIAGRAM
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7. Installation
This chapter describes the product installation and start-up settings. Before any computer handling the chapter
iAVR Safety chapter should be read carefully.
This document is split in the following parts:
• Delivery reception
• Mechanical fixation
• I/O board wiring
• Networks wiring
• Power supply wiring
• Power-up without I/O
• Network setting
• Data Base Download
7.1. Requirements
iAVR boot setting and software installation is carried out using a Windows PC with common utilities and
serial/Ethernet link to the computer.
The PACiS CD-ROM System installation is needed to run the iAVR install software on the Host PC.
7.1.1. iAVR
The iAVR needs at least:
• CPU board CPU270
• Power board BIU241
• Backplane FBP280
The BIU241 needs to be correctly wired to its voltage level as described in chapter iAVR Connections. Before any
operational voltage is applied the shield, wiring should be checked following rules of the Safety Guide: SFTY/4L
M/C11 (or later issue) and rules of chapter iAVR Safety & Handling.
The CPU270 basically integrates factory parameters.
NOTE: The computer needs to be installed with the software that allows booting in flash. Installation or
reinstallation of BOOTPROM software in PROM is described in iAVR Maintenance chapter, and out of scope of
this chapter.
Before starting installation, the following information is required:
• Computer IP address
• Computer alias name
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Both parameters are also defined in computer database. If parameters inside database differ from the CPU
settings, the IEC61850 communication with others PACiS equipment will not be possible.
7.1.2. Personal Computer
A Personal Computer is used for setting and download. The required Windows Operating System is Windows
Seven Pro 32bits SP1 or Windows 2003 Server or Windows XP SP2.
The PC hardware requirement is:
• Ethernet port 10 Mb/s or 100 Mb/s
• 100 Mb of free space on hard disk
The PC software's needed is:
Computer package named Computer_X.YZ.exe ( X.YZ is the computer version)
7.1.3. Communication Wiring
The link between PC and iAVR is Ethernet.
For a direct connection (without Ethernet Switch) between the PC and the iAVR, a crossed wire is required.
7.2. Delivery Reception

Delivery reception is composed of:
• Packing inspection and opening
• Delivery form checking
• Feeling up commissioning
7.2.1. Packing Inspection and Opening
On receipt of the unit, inform the delivery agent if there is any sign of damage.
Check the box for documentation, or computer hardware option added in the delivery form like ribbon, screws,
port extension etc.
7.2.2. Delivery Form Checking
The delivery form is based on the order form issued from CORTEC. It lists computer type, boards (with supply,
serial numbers and position in the rack) and options.
Verify that the composition of the device is as ordered.
Computer is delivered with the required connectors.
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7.3. MECHANICAL MOUNTING

The chapter iAVR Hardware gives the size of iAVR rack, the fixation diameters and their position.
If electric screwdriver is used the torque limitation should be set to the small diameters of the screws.
The iAVR can be mounted in racks or panel.
7.3.1. Rack Mounting
iAVR may be rack mounted using single tier rack frames (our part number is FX0021 001).
These frames have been designed to have dimensions in accordance with IEC60297 and are supplied pre-
assembled ready to use.
The two horizontal rails of the rack frame have holes drilled at approximately 26mm intervals and iAVR cases are
attached via their mounting flanges using M4 Taptite self-tapping screws with captive 3 mm thick washers to
ensure a good earth contact (our part number is ZB5865250).
Ensure that the computers are earthed, using the screw terminal on the rear of the unit.
7.3.2. Panel Mounting
iAVR can be flush mounted into panels using M4 Taptite self-tapping screws with captive 3 mm thick washers to
ensure a good earth contact (our part number is ZB5865250).
Alternatively, tapped holes can be used if the panel has a minimum thickness of 2.5 mm.
Where several iAVR are to be mounted in a single cut-out in the panel, it is advised that they are mechanically
grouped together horizontally and/or vertically to form rigid assemblies prior to mounting in the panel.
NOTE: It is not advised that iAVR are fastened using pop rivets as this will not allow the device to be easily
removed from the panel in the future if repair is necessary.
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7.4. Wiring Installation

Wiring has to be prepared before installation. The iAVR is delivered with required connectors for I/O boards and
Ethernet switches. The wire diameters stated in chapter iAVR Connections are mandatory. Tighten the screws in
a cross pattern (e.g. top left, then bottom right etc.), take care not to over torque the screws.
7.4.1. General Wiring
Only two wires can be screwed together on any one MiCOM connector. The AC and DC analogues, digital signal,
and communication wires should use separate shielded cable.
From a practical point of view the power supply of each computer should have a switch (MCB, link, or fuse) to
turn off the power during installation and commissioning tests.
The iAVR description sheet describes the type of board Installed on each slot (C, D etc.) It is very important to
use it to correctly plug the connectors.
Connection diagrams of the iAVR are given in chapter iAVR Connections. Wires should be connected with the
connector unplugged. Each wired signal has to be tested before plugging and fixing the connectors. The
connectors must be fixed on the iAVR case with the screws available at each extremity of the connector.
For connection of the protective (earth) conductor please refer to the section 3.1 of the Connections chapter.
7.4.2. Power Supply Wiring
The BIU connector wiring is vital as it provides the power supply. Power voltage should be tested and checked to
BIU reference defined in chapter iAVR Hardware to ensure that supply is compliant to BIU voltage.
The power must be switched off before plugging in the connector.
7.4.3. I/O Board Wiring
Several DIU, BIU board voltage are available for Digital Input. Check that the DIU voltage as stated on the delivery
form matches with the nominal signal input before plugging connector to the computer.
DOU board generates Digital Output with a defined inductive characteristic. On the other side of the wire the
inductance should be compliant. To avoid damage to the DO board connected to inductive circuits it may be
necessary to connect an anti-surge diode.
7.4.4. Network Wiring
Network wiring can be fibre optic or copper. Fibre optic communication is an option, and should be ordered as
such along with the required mechanical modules. There are specific rules governing the installation of fibre optics
(refer to the chapter iAVR Connections). Specific care should be taken with the bend radius of the fibres, and the
use of optical shunts is not recommended as these can degrade the transmission path over time.
Never look into the end of a fibre optic due to the risk of causing serious damage to the eye.
Copper networks should follow class recommendation and shielding. When using a Legacy bus (with IED mounted
in daisy chain), the correct resistor, at both ends only, should be fitted (120 ohms for RS422 and RS485).
Copper Ethernet network have to stay inside a cubicle. Fibre optic has to be used between cubicles
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7.5. iAVR Power Up

The iAVR as delivered contains a setting file with default values listed in the next chapter. These default values
allow a successful independent operation in most cases except for the display of measurement values, since
these require the setting of correct VT and CT values.
The iAVR completes start-up in less than 3 minutes. However, in the case of several iAVR configured for parallel
operation, simultaneous powering-up of the iAVRs leads to a longer start-up time, within 10 minutes. Powering-
up the iAVRs at intervals of at least 5 seconds keeps the starting time within 3 minutes.
7.6. Optional Installation

Optional hardware modules include:
• IRIG B connection
• Printer
7.6.1. External Master Clock Connection
With the option of the CPU board, an external standard BNC connection is used to receive external master clock
synchronization. The recommended external master clock is the hopf 6870 radio clock.
Installation should follow the standard rules of BNC cable installation including length limit and optional 50 ohms
termination.
For installation of the external master clock, refer to its documentation and to the summary in PACiS system/EN
IN chapter.
External IRIG B synchronization should be configured in the computer database.
7.6.2. Printer Installation
A printer can be installed permanently for the SOE, or temporally for commissioning/maintenance use. Data
labelling is defined with PACiS SCE.
The printer should be connected to either port 1, 2, 3 or port 4 of the computer.
If the port is on the BIU board, the board has to be configured for RS232 by using the correct jumper configuration.
Furthermore, a configuration file (included in database) has to be installed onto the computer with the printer
communication parameters.
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8. Settings
This chapter provides the default values of iAVR settings.
8.1. Introduction
Parameterizing iAVR (.set) is done with WebCAT.
8.1.1. Setting Management
Parameters can be visualized on the iAVR LHMI (screen “Setting”).
• Select M (analog settings) or S (binary settings).
A few parameters can be set from the iAVR LHMI.
Such method of setting must be restricted to temporary testing because the changes performed are lost at the
next restart of the iAVR: values set from the LHMI are then replaced with those set from the WebCAT.
Parameter value modification is generally taken into account in run-time within a few seconds after apply,
including delay value while said delay is counting. The notable exception to this rule is parameters interacting
with the iAVR start-up, namely:
AVR -> TPL Ctrl Start
AVR -> Delay Start
Target Selection -> Default Target
iAVR -> Ctrl at Power-up
A change in these parameters is taken into account at the next iAVR start-up.
Parameters for which the step is specified "4th S.D.":
These parameters are encoded in a floating-point format such that their maximum resolution is 4 significant
decimal digits, whatever the current value.
Example:
VT ratio minimum 1.0, maximum 10000.0
• The value just above the minimum is 1.001, then 1.002 etc until 9.999.
• Then the next value is 10.0, then 10.01, 10.02 etc until 99.99, and so on.
• The greatest two values are 9999.0 and 10000.0.
Parameters for which the step is specified, for example, "0.0001 or 4th S.D.":
Same as above, but for values around zero, the step does not go below 0.0001.
For further information, please refer to the Maintenance chapter of iAVR documentation.
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8.2. Connecting to the iAVR

You need a PC with Google ChromeTM connected by Ethernet to the iAVR.
The iAVR has two Ethernet ports on its rear panel, in slot B, and an optional Ethernet switch in slot C. Connection
is either to the upper port in slot B (ETH1), or to the switch in slot C (this switch itself is normally connected to
ETH1 in B), or to any external switch connected to ETH1. The second Ethernet port in B, ETH2, cannot be used
for this connection.
For the connection, it is necessary to know the IP address of the iAVR. If not known, it can be displayed on the
iAVR by the following method:
• From the default screen, or other, press Enter key to access the screen with title “MENU TREE”
• With arrow down, select “CONFIG”, then Enter
• Confirm with Enter the next three screens until the IP address is displayed.
The PC must have its Ethernet connection configured with an address and sub-network mask compliant with the
IP address of the iAVR. This is configured from the Windows Control Panel. For example, with an iAVR with IP
address 192.168.1.114:
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It is useful to check this configuration with a ping command to the iAVR:
In google chrome, enter the address:
https://<IP of iAVR>:8443/index.html
AT the first connection, the following window may appear:
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If so, select “Cancel”.
Still at the first connection, it is necessary to bypass the security warning. First select “Advanced” (appearance
of this screen may depend on the version of google chrome);
Then “Proceed”
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Confirm the login screen. If, depending on webCAT / iAVR version, login and password are required:
Login: Engineer
Password: AAAAAAAA
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8.3. Setting – Graphical interface

Recent iAVR are delivered with a graphical interface for the most useful regulation parameters.
If, depending on the screen resolution, this interface does not appear, expand the icon on the right of the top
banner and select “iAVR”.
To change the value of a parameter, modify it on the screen, then make “Apply setting”. A copy of the setting file
is automatically written to the download directory of the PC (see comment in §8.5).
However, this graphical interface does not include a number of other parameters, generally because they are not
directly linked to the regulation function. They are accessed via the “Report” page, and it is recommended to use
the search function either by parameter category, or by parameter name, or by parameter value. For example,
temperature measurement parameters are found by category or by name:
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8.4. Setting – List interface

Then select menu « Applicative settings ». Depending on the PC screen resolution, this selection may be available
on the main banner:
Otherwise, it is first necessary to expand the banner from the icon on the right of the screen:
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To retrieve the setting file from the iAVR, select option « Get setting »
This option appears differently at the first connection.
Important note: The iAVR comes from factory with a default setting file. At the first connection, this file must be
retrieved from the iAVR. On subsequent work, it is possible to use a file saved on the PC hard disk.
From there, categories of setting are accessed by expanding the section« Isagraf » in the navigation panel.
The settings of a category are accessed by selecting this category:
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It is then possible to view the settings and to modify them. Note that the iAVR Technical Guide provides the
detailed description of settings.
Modification of a value in the webCAT does not yet make this value known by the iAVR. The final step is to load
the setting file into the iAVR using « Apply » and confirming the action.
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8.5. File management
8.5.1. Navigation
The explanation hereabove shows work performed on the setting file which resides inside the iAVR. Obviously it
is necessary also to have this file accessible outside, if only for backup purpose. This is achieved by the « File »
option :
Two options are useful:
Export local file creates a file with a default name in the download directory of the PC. This file contains all the
settings displayed in the webCAT. If a setting is modified, the value saved is the modified one whether or not the
file has been applied into the iAVR.
It is recommended to rename the file with the name of the iAVR or any relevant name and to move it to a given
directory.
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Import local file allows to select a file stored on the PC hard disk and loads into the webCAT the content of this
file. This setting can then be applied into the iAVR.
Note: On some versions of webCAT / iAVR ; the Apply action is not available right away. It is necessary to
process in two steps: First modify some parameters; Apply the setting; Then undo the modification and apply
again.
Take note that with the list interface, there is no automatic synchronization of any kind between the file inside the
iAVR and the file on the hard disk: It is necessary to manually make an “export file” after each “apply” to be sure
to have the latest file available on the PC. With the graphical interface, the setting file is automatically copied to
the PC after each “apply” to the iAVR.
8.5.2. Diagnostic
The iAVR stores up to 2000 events and provides the real time status of inputs and measurement.
From the main page, select the three lines on the right in the top banner, then “Events and states”.
The “Events ans states” screen, when activated, displays the event list form the iAVR. This list may be
downloaded using the button on top right of the display. Beware, when scrolling down throughout the list, this
button may become concealed.
Further information, essentially for maintenance purpose by SE personnel, consists in retrieving the datapoint
status:
• Binary inputs
• Measurement
• Status indication group
Each can be downloaded in the same way as events.
130 / 178
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8.6. Setting file (.val)
8.6.1. Master Election
Refer to § Election of the Master, in the Functional Description chapter.
Master Election Default Min Max Step Note

iAVR // 4 3 2 1 0 0 1111 Special Example: 1101 means that iAVR-
1, iAVR-3 and iAVR-4 are
supposed to be present.
Master Priority 0 0 4 1
TR Index - - - - Cannot be modified. Must be
distinct for each iAVR.
Func Homing 0 = Out of Service 0 = Out of Service;
1 = In Service
N1N2 <> N1N2 0 = Topology Error 0 = Topology Error;
1 = 3rd Node
LHMI CB Display 0 0 1 1 0 = Not displayed unless parallel
configuration, in which case the
secondary CB sdisplayed
1 = Secondary CB displayed
TR Balancing When Automatic When Automatic
Auto and Manual
131 / 178
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8.6.2. DOU and LED
Refer to § Configuration of Outputs, in the Functional Description chapter, for more detail and for the default
setting.
LED 7 Right to left:

LED 8
Lx 1/2 _iPXkTHL - High U tap
- Low U tap
- Target not Achievable
- Parrallel fault – TPI = ?
- Voltage difference excessive
- OLTC fault – TPI=?; TPI+/-; both end positions
- TC incomplete (DIU 0:9)
-
Lx 2/2 AW___6>< - U < Target -%
- U > Target +%
- DIU 1:16 / 23-24
-
-
-
- I/In sum Warning
- I/In sum Alarm
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DOU 0:3 / 5-6 Right to left:

DOU 0:4 / 7-8
LED 9
LED 10
O/L 1/2 __pDLIUu - U<<
- U>>
- I>>
- OLTC local mode
- OLTC Fault TCIP – External – Consecutive op.
- oltc flt – TCIP, pulsed
-
-
O/L 2/2 _iPXkTHL - High U tap
- Low U tap
- Target not Achievable
- Parrallel fault – TPI = ?
- Voltage difference excessive
- OLTC fault – TPI=?; TPI+/-; Simultaneous both
end positions
- TC incomplete (DIU 0:9)
-
DOU 0:5 / 9-10 Default Note

LED 11
LED 12
O/L 1/2 +-_uBRVc - Parallel method MCC
- VT fail (DIU 0:12)
- Reverse Power Flow detected
- Balance
- Unbalance
-
- order copy -U
- order copy +U
O/L 2/2 _5L=MSCF - Tap Change successful
- Line Drop Comp. In service
- TC out of step (DIU 0:10)
- Measurement fault
- U = target +/-%
- iAVR control local
- DIU 1:15 / 22-24
-
133 / 178
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8.6.3. TPI Acquisition
Refer to § Analog Acquisition, in the Functional Description chapter.
TPI Acquisition Default Min Max Step Note

Code 4 = BCD 1 = 1 among N;
2 = 1 among N tens unit;
3 = Gray;
4 = BCD;
5 = High = Low tap
Min Tap 1 1 38 1
Min Tap acq (mA) 4 0 20 0.00001 or 4th S.D.
Only for Analog Acquisition;
Max Tap 17 2 39 1 Min Tap acq must be less than Max
Max Tap acq (mA) 20 0 20 0.00001 or 4th S.D. Tap acq
Non-Linearity 1.05 1 1,1 4th S.D.
8.6.4. AVR
ATC Default Min Max Step Note

Nom Targ Uc (V) 20000 100 100000 4th S.D.
1/2 Tol UdtE % 1.5 0,4 10 4th S.D.
1/2 Tol UdtI % 1.5 0,2 10 4th S.D.
Del 1st TA1 (s) 60 1 600 1
Del Nth TA2 (s) 60 1 600 1
MCC Max Q/S Diff 0.4 0,01 2 4th S.D.
Lim Consec Man 5 1 39 1
Delay Start (s) 90 90 900 10
Exc dif H (%Uc) 10 2 40 4th S.D.
Exc dif L (%Uc) 10 2 100 4th S.D.
Delay FR Tfr (s) 5 0 600 1
Priority Indep-B 0 0 3 1
Priority Mast-F 1 0 3 1
Priority MCC 0 0 3 1
Del Balance (s) 5 0 600 1
Delay Type TA1 1 = Inverse 0 = Fixed; 1 = Inverse
Delay Type TA2 1 = Inverse 0 = Fixed; 1 = Inverse
Delay Type U=Uc 1 = Reset 0 = Reset; 1 = Reverse count
TPL Ctrl-Start 2 = 2PB and 0 = Switch;
Previous Operation 1 = 2 push-buttons;
2 = 2 push-buttons and previous
operation
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Func Fast Reac 0 = Out of Service 0 = Out of Service; 1 = In Service

MCC Lim P %Sn 100 5 100 5
Pre Defined Tap A 5 1 39 1
Pre Def A Match 0 0 = “≤”
1 = “=”
2 = “≥”
Pre Defined Tap B 1 1 39 1
Pre Def B Match 1 0 = “≤”
1 = “=”
2 = “≥”
8.6.5. Transfo. Measure
Transfo. Measure Default Min Max Step Note

Sec Volt U2n (kV) 20 0,1 100 4th S. D.
Prim Volt U1n (kV) 220 5 1000 4th S. D.
Tr Power (MVA) 40 2 2000 4th S. D.
Impedance (%) 5 0,1 20 4th S. D.
Resistance (%) 1 0,1 5 4th S. D.
Lowest U2 Tap 1 1 39 1
Nominal Tap 8 1 39 1
Highest U2 Tap 17 1 39 1
Vph-N Display 1= x √3 0 = x 1; 1 = x √3
Applies only to :
VT Connection = VphA-N + IphA;
The parameter “VT ratio” must be

kept compliant with the facility
data, otherwise calculation of
power and voltage limits will be
erroneous.
Volt Step (%Un) 1.5 0,5 5 4th S. D.

VT Connection 1 = VphA- 1 = VphA-N + IphA;
N + IphA 2 = UphA-phB + IphC;
3 = 3 Vph-N + 3 I
See Fig.5, 6, 7 in Functional
Description chapter
VT ratio 200 1 10000 4th S. D.
CT ratio 1000 1 10000 4th S. D.
VT2 Not Used
CT2 Not Used
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8.6.6. Nominal Limit
Nominal Limit Default Min Max Step

Limit I>> (%In) 100 50 200 1
Delay I>> (s) 5 0 120 1
Limit U<< (%Un) 80 0 100 1
Limit U>> (%Un) 110 100 120 1
Delay U>><< (s) 20 0 120 1
Delay U norm (s) 0 0 120 1
Delay I norm (s) 0 0 120 1
8.6.7. Line Drop Compensation
Compensation Default Min Max Step

Ind Active coeff (%) 0.8 -20 20 .0001 or 4th S.D.
Ind React coeff (%) 4 -20 20 .0001 or 4th S.D.
Func Line Drop C 0 = Out of 0 = Out of Service; 1 = In
Service Service
Par Active coeff (%) 0 -20 20 Not Used
Par React coeff (%) -4 -20 20 Not Used
Calculation Complex Not Used
8.6.8. Target
Target Default Min Max Step

Target 1 (%Uc) 96 80 120 4th S. D.
Target 2 (%Uc) 98 80 120 4th S. D.
Target 3 (%Uc) 100 80 120 4th S. D.
Target 4 (%Uc) 102 80 120 4th S. D.
Target 5 (%Uc) 104 80 120 4th S. D.
Final Coeff (%Uc) -5 -10 -0.2 4th S. D.
Default Target 3 1 5 1
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8.6.9. Regulation Stop Blocking and Set Predefined Tap
Fault - Blocking Value Note

Reg Fault 1/2 xxxxxxxx - DIU “BLOCKING”
Reg Block 1/2 - Ordered Blocking
- VT Fail
- OLTC Fault
- OLTC Local Control
- OverCurrent
- OverVoltage
- UnderVoltage
Reg Fault 2/2 - reserved
- reserved
- Measurement Fault
- Tap invalid
- Parallel transformer unbalance
- Reverse Power Flow
- reserved
- DIU 0:16
Reg Block 2/2 Same as above « Reg Fault 2/2 » except that measurement fault
and tap invalid are taken into account irrespective of the setting.
Set Tap 1/2 - DIU “BLOCKING”
- Ordered Blocking
- VT Fail
- OLTC Fault
- reserved
- Over Current
- Over Voltage
- Under Voltage
Set Tap 2/2 - reserved
- reserved
- Measurement Fault
- reserved
- Parallel transformer unbalance
- Reverse Power Flow
- reserved
- DIU 0:16
Note that It is compulsory for any condition which is intended by setting to trigger the Set to pre-defined tap to
be also set to Block the regulation. If not, it will not trigger the sequence
137 / 178
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8.6.10. Manual Control
Manual Control Value Note

Condit Auto/MAnu Manual Only
None
After Man Ctrl Reg remains Auto
Reg Goes Manual
8.6.11. Reverse Power Flow
Target Default Min Max Step

1/2 Tol (%Sn) 2.0 .2 20.0 4th S. D.
Delay Trpf (s) 5 0 300 1
Func RPF 0 = Out of Service 0 = Out of Service;
1 = In Service
8.6.12. iAVR Control Point
Control Point Default Value Note

Ctrl at Power-up Local Local / Remote
8.6.13. OLTC Timing
Timing Default Min Max Step

TC Started (s) 5 1 20 1
TC Duration (s) 30 2 90 1
8.6.14. Total Op - Isum
Total Op - Isum Default Min Max Step

Limit Isum > (kA/A) 800 1 100000 4th S. D.
Limit Isum >> (kA/A) 1000 1 100000 4th S. D
8.6.15. Bal - Unbal Filt
Bal - Unbal Filt Default Min Max Step

Del Al Unbal (ms) 40000 1000 300000 1000
8.6.16. End Pos Source
End Pos Source Default Value Note

Source Calculation Calculation / Acquisition
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9. Communication
9.1. Mapping IEC 61850

The following tables list the signals which can be exchanged over the IEC 61850 protocol.
The ICD file for the iAVR is available by request to Schneider Electric.
9.1.1. DataSet = LD "CONTROL"
DataSet = LD "CONTROL"
Automatic regulation in
ATCC1.CO/ST.Auto CONTR REGULATION AUTOMATIC MODE
service
ATCC1.CO/ST.BndCtr1En Band center voltage 1 enable TARGET CONTR TARGET 1
… …
ATCC1.CO/ST.BndCtr5En Band center voltage 5 enable TARGET CONTR TARGET 5
Set to pre-defined tap

ATCC1.CO/ST.TapChg CONTR REGULATION SET PRE-DEF TAP
(manual)
ATCC1.ST.Blk Regulation blocked CONTR REGULATION Blocking
Circulating reactive current

ATCC1.ST.CirCur PARALLEL CONTROL fonct MCC
method in service
Minimise Circulating current
ATCC1.ST.CircCurFlt method fault (measurement SIGNALLING MEASURE FAULT
hardware fault)
Blocking condition detected -
ATCC1.ST.DetBlk Stop regulation while condition
prevails
Fault condition detected - Stop
ATCC1.ST.DetFlt FAULT - STOP REG
regulation until manual restart
Condition detected for
ATCC1.ST.DetTapPos automatic set to pre-defined SET PRE-DEF TAP
tap
Follower mode (parallel
ATCC1.ST.Flr PARALLEL CONTROL fonct Slave
control)
ATCC1.ST.Flt Regulation faulty and stopped CONTR REGULATION REGUL FAULT
Limit of consecutive tap

ATCC1.ST.LimSeqOp PARALLEL CONTROL LIM MAN EXCEEDED
changes reached
ATCC1.ST.Loc AVR local control AVR CONTROL
ATCC1.ST.LTCBlk Block Automatic Control CONTR REGULATION BLOCKING
ATCC1.ST.LTCFlt OLTC fault CONTR REGULATION OLTC FAULT
ATCC1.ST.LTCLoc OLTC local control CONTR REGULATION OLTC LOCAL CTRL
ATCC1.ST.Mstr Master mode (parallel control) PARALLEL CONTROL fonct Master
Master-follower method fault

ATCC1.ST.MstrFlwFlt SIGNALLING TPI INVALID
(tap position unknown)
ATCC1.ST.OverC Current overload SIGNALLING OVERCURRENT
ATCC1.ST.OverV Voltage high limit reached SIGNALLING OVERVOLTAGE
ATCC1.ST.ParEq Parallel transformers balanced PARALLEL CONTROL TR BALANCED
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Parallel error on other

ATCC1.ST.ParFltEE PARALLEL CONTROL PAR FLT OTH iAVR
equipment
Parallel error of
ATCC1.ST.ParFltRx PARALLEL CONTROL PAR ERROR - COMM
communication
ATCC1.ST.ParFltSet Parallel error of setting PARALLEL CONTROL PAR ERROR - SETT
ATCC1.ST.ParFltSw Parallel error of topology PARALLEL CONTROL PAR-ERROR - TOPO
Parallel transformers
ATCC1.ST.ParImb PARALLEL CONTROL TR UNBALANCED
unbalanced
0 = Undef/Isolated; 1 =
Independent; 2 = Master; 3 =
Slave; 4 = Slave CB open; 5 =
ATCC1.ST.ParOp PARALLEL CONTROL FUNCTION
Master-virtual; 8 = Par error -
Comm; 9 = Par error - Topo;
11 = Par error - Sett
0 = None; 1 = MCC; 2 =
ATCC1.ST.ParTyp Master-Follower; 3 = PARALLEL CONTROL PARALLEL METHOD
Independent Backup
ATCC1.ST.RvPwrFlw Reverse power flow detected CONTR REGULATION REV POWER FLOW
ATCC1.ST.SecCBCls Secondary CB closed PARALLEL OP SECOND CB CLOSED
ATCC1.ST.SwNd1 Switched on node 1 TR OPERATION SWITCHED ON NODE 1
… …
ATCC1.ST.SwNd4 Switched on node 4 TR OPERATION SWITCHED ON NODE 4

Voltage outside limit and end
ATCC1.ST.TarNAch position reached = Target not CONTR REGULATION TARG NOT ACHIEV
achievable
ATCC1.ST.UnderV Voltage low limit reached SIGNALLING UNDERVOLTAGE
ATCC1.ST.VdifExc Voltage difference excessive VOLT DIFF EXCESS

Voltage within limit (no tap
ATCC1.ST.VEqBndCtr change command about to be SIGNALLING VOLT=CONS+/- LIM
sent)
Voltage greater than BndCtr +
ATCC1.ST.VGTBndCtr limt (about to send Lower SIGNALLING LED U>target
command)
Voltage lesser than BndCtr -
ATCC1.ST.VLTBndCtr limt (about to send Raise SIGNALLING LED U<target
command)
Change tap position (raise,
YLTC1.CO/MX.TapChg TRANSFORMER TAP POSITION
lower)
YLTC1.ST.MotDrvPrg Tap change in progress TRANSFORMER | Tap changer TAP CH IN PROG
YLTC1.ST.EndPosR End position raise reached SIGNALLING HIGHEST VOLT TAP REACHED
YLTC1.ST.EndPosL End position lower reached SIGNALLING LOWEST VOLT TAP REACHED
GGIO1.ST.Ind13 Generic Input SIGNALLING DIU 0:16 / 23-24
140 / 178
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9.1.2. DataSet = LD "MEASUREMENT"
DataSet = LD "MEASUREMENT"
CONTR
ATCC2.MX.BndCtrRsl Target resulting after coefficient 1..5 REGULATION
FINAL TARGET AVC
ATCC2.MX.CirCur Circulating Current MEAS - DISPLAY CIRC CURRENT
ATCC2.MX.ClcTan Q/|P|, calculated PARAMETERS Q / ()
Control Voltage; Measured or after LDC CONTR

ATCC2.MX.CtlV VOLTAGE - REGULATED
depending on use of LDC REGULATION
CONTR
ATCC2.MX.LDCV Voltage after application of LDC REGULATION
VOLTAGE - COMPENSATED
CONTR
ATCC2.MX.MesV Voltage as measured REGULATION
VOLTAGE - MEASURED
CONTR
ATCC2.MX.TmsOp Time before next tap change REGULATION
Tap Change in
ATCC2.MX.Vdif Voltage difference from target MEAS - DISPLAY VOLTAGE DIFFERENCE
YLTC2.CO/MX.OpCntRs Resetable operation counter Operation Count Op Count - Part
YLTC2.MX.OpCnt Operation counter Operation Count Op Count - Total
YLTC2.CO.OpTmhRs Reset operation time

Resetable operation time on tap position OPERATING TIME TAP POS
YLTC2.MX.OpTmhRs1 Oper Time Count
1 01
… …
Resetable operation time on tap position OPERATING TIME TAP POS
YLTC2.MX.OpTmhRs39 Oper Time Count
39 39
YLTC2.MX.OPTmhRsTot Resetable operation time, total Oper Time Count OPERATING TIME - TOTAL
YPTR2.MX.AphsA
YPTR2.MX.AphsB
YPTR2.MX.AphsC
YPTR2.MX.Hz
YPTR2.MX.PF
YPTR2.MX.PhAng
YPTR2.MX.PhVphsA
YPTR2.MX.PhVphsB
YPTR2.MX.PhVphsC
YPTR2.MX.PPVphsAB
YPTR2.MX.PPVphsBC
YPTR2.MX.PPVphsCA
YPTR2.MX.TotVA
YPTR2.MX.TotVAr
YPTR2.MX.TotW
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9.1.3. DataSet = LD "SETTING"
DataSet = LD "SETTING"
ATCC3.APC/MX.BndCtr Band center voltage (actual reference) Nom Targ Un (V) Nom Targ Un (V)
Control intentional time delay (FPF presumed, in seconds),
ATCC3.APC/MX.CtlDlTms1 Del 1st TA1 (s) Del 1st TA1 (s)
1st tap change
ATCC3.APC/MX.CtlDlTms2 Control intentional time delay, 2nd tap change on Del Nth TA2 (s) Del Nth TA2 (s)
ATCC3.APC/MX.TapPos Pre-defined tap value Del Nth TA2 (s) Pre-Defined Tap
ATCC3.CO/ST.LDCEna function Line drop compensation in service Func Line Drop C Func Line Drop C
ATCC3.CO/ST.VDifExcEna function fast reaction in service Func Fast Reac Func Reac Exc
Control voltage above which auto Lower commands blocked
ATCC3.MX.BlkLV Nominal limit Limit U>> (%Un)
(% of BndCtr)
ATCC3.MX.BlkRV Control voltage below which auto Raise commands blocked Nominal limit Limit U<< (%Un)
ATCC3.MX.BndCtrDef Default target number (1..5) at power-up Target Selection Default Target
ATCC3.MX.BndCtr1 Band center voltage 1 (% of BndCtr) Target Selection Target 1 (%Un)
… …
ATCC3.MX.BndCtr5 Band center voltage 5 Target Selection Target 5 (%Un)
Band width voltage, external (as percent of nominal voltage,
ATCC3.MX.BndWidEx AVR 1/2 Tol UdtE %
FPF presumed)
ATCC3.MX.BndWidIn Band width voltage, internal AVR 1/2 Tol UdtI %
ATCC3.MX.BndWidExcR High voltage limit triggerring fast reaction, if in service AVR UdtFRh (%Un)
ATCC3.MX.BndWidExcL Low voltage limit triggerring fast reaction, if in service AVR UdtFRl (%Un)
ATCC3.MX.DlTmsEq Delay between tap change when balancing transformers AVR Del Balance (s)
ATCC3.MX.DlTmsStr Delay before start in automatic mode, if configured AVR Delay Start (s)
ATCC3.MX.DlTmsRvPwr Delay to confirm change in direction of power flow Rev Power Flow Delay Trpf (s)
ATCC3.MX.DlTmsExc Delay before trigggerring fast reaction, if in service AVR Delay Tfr (s)
Line drop voltage due to line resistance component (% of
ATCC3.MX.LDCR Line Drop Comp Active Coeff %
rated power)
Line drop voltage due to line reactance component (% of
ATCC3.MX.LDCX Line Drop Comp React Coeff %
rated power)
Limit of Q/max(|P|, %Sn) triggerring balancing in minimise MCC Max Q/P
ATCC3.MX.LimCirCur AVR
circulating current mode Diff
ATCC3.MX.LimLodA Limit Load Current (LTC Block Load Current, percentage) Nominal limit Limit I>> (%In)
ATCC3.MX.LimPCirCur Low limit of |P| in calculation of Q/max(|P|, %Sn) AVR MCC Lim P %Sn
ATCC3.MX.LimRvPwr Limit of power flow detection Rev Power Flow 1/2 Tol (%Sn)
ATCC3.MX.LimSeqOp Limit of consecutive tap changes AVR Lim Consec Man
Binary mask of iAVR relevant to a group of TR (ex: 1 and 3:
ATCC3.MX.ParIED Master Election iAVR // 4 3 2 1
0101) or 0 when independent
If non-zero, priority of minimise circulating current as parallel
ATCC3.MX.PryCirCur AVR Priority MCC
method
ATCC3.MX.PryIndpBu If non-zero, priority of independent-backup as parallel method AVR Priority Indep-B
ATCC3.MX.PryMstrFlr If non-zero, priority of master-follower as parallel method AVR Priority Mast-F
ATCC3.MX.PryMstr Priority of the iAVR to be master, or never if 0 Master Election Master Priority
ATCC3.MX.TmsBlkV Time delay to apply BlkLV and BlkRV Nominal limit Delay U>><< (s)
ATCC3.MX.TmsLodA Time delay to apply LimLodA Nominal limit Delay I>> (s)
ATCC3.MX.TmsNgBlkV Time delay to stop BlkLV and BlkRV Nominal limit Delay U norm (s)
ATCC3.MX.TmsNgLodA Time delay to stop LimLodA Nominal limit Delay I norm (s)
TPL Auto control: 0 = Switch; 1 = 2 push-buttons; 2 = 2PB
ATCC3.ST.ExCtlStr AVR TPL Ctrl - Start
and auto start
ATCC3.ST.Grp1Grp2NE Inconsitency of nodes: 0 = topology error; 1: 3rd node Master Election N1N2 <> N1N2
Condit
ATCC3.ST.CondCtlMan Condition for manual control is manual mode Manual Control
Auto/Manu
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ATCC3.ST.HomEna function Homing in service Master Election Func Homing

Manual control when in auto mode releases auto mode to
ATCC3.ST.ManRelAuto Manual Control Upon Man Ctrl
manual
ATCC3.ST.RvPwrEna function Reverse power flow in service Rev Power Flow Func RPF
Pre-defined tap completion when Act U2 tap 0: <=; 1: =; 2: >=
ATCC3.ST.TapPos AVR Pre-Definition
Pre-defined
Time delay linear or inverse characteristic (0=lin., 1=inv.), 1st
ATCC3.ST.TmDlChr1 AVR Delay type TA1
tap change
Time delay linear or inverse characteristic (0=lin., 1=inv.), 2nd
ATCC3.ST.TmDlChr2 AVR Delay type TA2
tap change on
ATCC3.ST.TmDlRv Time delay reverse count; 0=reset AVR Delay type U=Uc
YLTC3.MX.HiTapPos End position raise Transf - Measure Highest U2 Tap
YLTC3.MX.LoTapPos End position lower Transf - Measure Lowest U2 Tap
YPTR3.MX.CTRat CT ratio Transf - Measure CT ratio
YPTR3.MX.LoVRtg Rated voltage (Low voltage level) Transf - Measure Sec Volt (kV)
YPTR3.MX.PwrRtg Rated power Transf - Measure Tr Power (MVA)
YPTR3.MX.VTRat VT ratio Transf - Measure VT ratio
9.1.4. System Information
IEC Address Part 2

Label = Label =
Typ IEC Address Part 1 (IEC: FC;Data
Long name (35 car) 1 (16 0 (16
e (IEC: LD;LN) Object;DataAttribute;CDC
car) car)
)
SlotQ_TMU_ SYSTEM;C26xDIAG
MPS TMU & DSP BOARDS ST;TMUSt;TIUSt
0 1
SYSTEM;C26xDIAG
MPS SlotF_DIU_0 DIU STATUS ST;DIUSt0;DIUSt0
1
SYSTEM;C26xDIAG
MPS SlotE_DIU_1 DIU STATUS ST;DIUSt1;DIUSt1
1
SlotD_DOU_ SYSTEM;C26xDIAG
MPS DOU STATUS ST;DOUSt1;DOUSt1
1 1
SlotC_DOU_ SYSTEM;C26xDIAG
MPS DOU STATUS ST;DOUSt0;DOUSt0
0 1
SYSTEM;C26xDIAG
MPS Imprim. série PRINTER STATUS ST;PrintSt;PrintSt
1
SYSTEM;C26xDIAG
MPS PLC ISAGRAF STATUS ST;PLCSt;PLCSt
1
DIU ACQUISITION SYSTEM;C26xDIAG
SPS ST;DIStop;DIStop
STOPPED 1
SYSTEM;C26xDIAG
MV BCU STATUS ST;FailSt;FailSt
1
PERTURBO DATA
SPS SYSTEM;RDRE1 ST;RcdMade;DRSt
AVAILABLE
SPS C264 TIME SYNCH SYSTEM;ATCC4 ST;SyncSt;SyncSt
SYSTEM;C26xDIAG
SPS REDUNDANCY MODE ST;RedSt;RedSt
1
SYSTEM;C26xDIAG
SPS IED STATUS ST;AllIEDSt;AllIEDSt
1
SYSTEM;C26xDIAG ST;AllCommSt;AllComm
SPS RACK STATUS
1 St
SYSTEM;C26xDIAG
MPS SlotB_GHU_ GHU STATUS ST;GHUSt;GHUSt
1
SYSTEM;C26xDIAG
MPS SlotA_BIU_ BIU STATUS ST;BIUSt;BIUSt
1
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9.2. Modbus interface
9.2.1. Physical Link
The MODBUS interface uses the RS 485 standard. It is available on the BIU card, slot A:
• 12: signal B
• 13: Ground
• 14: signal A
The factory settings of the physical link are :
• 19200 bit/s (other speed available: 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 38400 bit/s);
• Even parity (odd, none)
• 1 stop bit (2)
• 8 data bit.
It is reminded that the RS485 link should be a daisy-chain of devices, meaning that branch, star, loop
arrangements are not recommended. If iAVR device is positioned at one end of the bus, a resistor is required
between terminal blocks 12 and 14. The value of the resistor should be 120 Ohm (+/- 20%, 0.25W).
The slave address is configurable between 1 and 255 inclusive. The default address set in factory is 15.
9.2.2. Binary Input Mapping
In a friendly goal, the table below is split into 16-bit words. It should be accessed by linear bit address using
Modbus function 1, see example below.
The addresses described below start from zero, it is always the address as carried in the transmission frame. In
case of address convention from 1 for the mater, it is necessary to remove 1 to all the addresses.
The addresses marked "reserved" can be read, so that a request on several successive addresses is always
possible. However, the content of these addresses is indeterminate and must be ignored by the master.
Addresses marked "future" cannot be read. Any attempt to read results in an exception code 2.
Word Bit Linear bit Point Note

0
0 0 DIU 0:1 – Tap position
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10 10 Tap change in progress
11 11 VT in fault
12 12 OLTC in local mode
13 13 OLTC in fault
14 14 OLTC blocked
15 15 DIU 0:16
1
0 16 TPL Control –U
1 17 TPL Control +U
2 18 iAVR Control point Local
3 19 iAVR Control point Remote
4 20 TPL Regulation control Off (manual)
5 21 TPL Regulation control On (Automatic)
6 22 Reserved
7 23 Reserved
8 24 Switched on node 1 For parallel operation
12 28 CB closed on secondary windings For parallel operation
13 29 CB closed on primary windings
14 30 DIU 1 :15 – Low limit reached
15 31 DIU 1 :16 – High limit reached
2
0 32 Automatic regulation Off
1 33 Automatic regulation On
2 34 Target 1 - Active
7 39 Regulation blocked
8 40 Predefined tap position Off
9 41 Predefined tap position On
10 42 Reserved
11 43 Measurement fault
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12 44 Blocking condition detected

13 45 Fault condition detected
14 46 Predefined tap pos. cond. detected
15 47 Predefined tap pos. cond. detected
3
0 48 Regulation fault
1 49 Number of tap change over
2 50 OLTC faulty
3 51 OLTC faulty – Tap +/-1
4 52 OLTC faulty – Reverse tap
5 53 Overload
6 54 Overvoltage
7 55 Undervoltage
8 56 Reverse power flow
9 57 Target out of reach
10 58 Too high voltage gap
11 59 V < Target
12 60 V > Target
13 61 V = Target
14 62 Low limit switch
15 63 High limit switch
4
0…7 Reserved
8 72 Low voltage limit reached
9 73 High voltage limit reached
Next Future
Example of data exchange (iAVR address 15):
• Master query: 0F 01 00 0A 00 28 cr cr
 0x000A = 10 = Starting linear address
 0x0028 = 40 = Number of bits requested to read
• iAVR answer: 0F 01 05 00 81 84 44 00 cr cr
 05 = Number of bytes being read
 0x81 = Switched on Node 2 + iAVR control local
 0X84 = Regulation in service + CB closed
 0x44 = Set pre-defined tap out of service + Target 3 active
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9.2.3. Analog Input Mapping
With the exception of counters, all measurements are coded as a 16 bit signed integer (although sign is not useful
on most measurements). Where necessary, a scaling factor is used to provide a sufficient number of significant
digits. The scaling factor is an integer power of 2 in order to optimise the calculation by a computer.
Counter format is 32 bit unsigned integer. They can be read either as 32 bit, 2 word, or as two independent 16 bit
words.
Word Point Unit - Scaling – Note

0 TAP POSITION -
1 VOLTAGE – REGULATED V
2 VOLTAGE – COMPENSATED V
3 VOLTAGE – MEASURED V
4 FINAL TARGET V
5 reserved
6 Tap Change in s
7 AVERAGE PHASE CURRENT A
8 POWER FACTOR x 16834
9 FREQUENCY Hz, x 256
10 OPERATION COUNT – PARTIAL – bit
16-31
11 OPERATION COUNT – PARTIAL – bit
0-15
12 OPERATION COUNT – TOTAL – bit
16-31
13 OPERATION COUNT – TOTAL – bit 0-
15
14 CIRCULATING CURRENT % of In
15-19 Future
20 LOW U2 TAP LIMIT
21 HIGH U2 TAP LIMIT
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Example of data exchange:
• Master query: 0F 04 00 06 00 06 cr cr
o 0x0006 = 6 = Starting address
o 0x0006 = 6 = Number of (16 bit) words requested to read
• iAVR answer:
o 0F 04 0C 4E 4D 00 00 37 2D 31 F5 00 01 10 57 cr cr
o 0x0C = 12 = Number of bytes being read (2 x 6)
o 0x4E4D = 20045V
o 0x0000 = Unspecified, ignore
o 0x372D = 14125, divide by 16384 = pf 0.8621
o 0x31F5 = 12789, divide by 256 = 49.96Hz
o 0x00011057 = 69719 operations since last reset
9.2.4. Control
Word Control Note

Future OLTC control +U-U Force to 1: -U
Future Automatic regulation On/Off Force to 1: On
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10. Human interface

This chapter describes the three User Interfaces (coded HI for Human Interface) of this computer:
• The Front Panel (FP alias DHMI)
• The Printer
10.1. The Front Panel
10.1.1. Overview
The iAVR front panel is composed of a graphical FP with LEDs, L/R push-button, the Local Control Display and
the serial link (GHU201)
FIGURE 45 IAVR FRONT PANEL (GHU201)
From the graphical panel, the operator can
Control:
• Select mode Auto/Manu
• Order Manual Raise / Lower
• Select Voltage Setpoint among 5 values
• Reset counters value
• Acknowledge and clear alarms
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Display:
• Tap position
• Alarms list
• Events list
• Fault list
• Measurements, counter, and TPI
• Physical binary input/output,
• Status information (Auto/Manu) voltage setpoint
• Board state
• LED depending on status
LED Management
There are 17 LEDs available; 16 of them are managed by the software. One is directly connected to the internal
power.
The first LEDs indicate the iAVR status information that is from top to down.
LED Colour LED on LED slow blinking LED fast blinking LED off
0 Red Ignore Ignore - -
1 Yellow All the alarms are There is at least
All alarms displayed
acknowledged, but there one not
are inactive & No alarm
is at least one alarm still acknowledged
acknowledged
active alarm
2 Yellow Computer in operation Computer in Computer in
Computer in test
maintenance reboot
3 Green Power on - - Power off
4 Red Regulation in service Regulation in service
Regulation out
(Automatic) on that iAVR but not
- of service
on all iAVR of the
(Manual)
parallel group
5 Red Regulation blocked - - Not blocked
6 Red Tap change in progress - - -
7 Red Voltage above target /
- - Not above
user-defined
8 Red Voltage below target /
- - Not below
user-defined
9 Red OLTC fault / user-defined - - No fault
10 Red End position / user-
- - No end pos.
defined
11 Red Unbalance / user-defined Balanced or
- -
not parallel
12 Red Measurement. Fault /
- - No fault
user-defined
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13 Red Independent (Normal and

- - Not indep.
Back-up)
14 Red Master (when parallel) - - Not master
15 Red Slave (when parallel) - - Not slave
16 Red Parallel mode Parallel mode
- Independent
Error
General Display Management
The computer local HMI is composed of several “panels” and one “menu tree”. The panels allow you to display
information, while the menu tree makes it possible to view and modify computer settings.
Key Use
Menu navigation. During the menu
navigation it has no effect on LED
management.
Display the next panel
Menu tree access
Access to the different panels of a

group
Select the measurement to display on

the bar graph
Help panel
List of Panel Groups
Group Description
Group 1 Graphical – one or two panels for each bay with sub panel displays:
• measurement, counter and TPI
• single, double and multiple datapoints status
• controls
Group 2 Alarm - one panel displays the alarm list and allows acknowledgement and clearing
Group 3 Two or three panels:
• AVR for 1 transformer:
• AVR_VIEW1: large view
• AVR_VIEW2: detail and control view
Group 4 Event - one panel displays the event list
Group 5 Defaults - one panel displays the fault list:
• if a hardware fault occurs, the board panel is accessible and shows only
faulty boards
• if an IED fault occurs, the IED panel is accessible and shows only
disconnected IEDs
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• if one or several IEC61850 clients are not connected, the number of real
connected clients is displayed against the maximum number of clients
Group 6 Disturbance - one panel displays the header of the disturbance file
Group 7 Service:
• one panel displays general information
• one panel displays the boards state
• one panel to display the IEDs state
Group 8 Physical:
• one panel displays the state of the physical inputs
• one panel displays the state of the physical outputs
Group 9 Banner - one panel displays general information on C264 to avoid any mistake
Group 10 Login & password - two panels, accessible from several panels and used to select
login and enter password
FIGURE 46 TIME DISPLAY

Language Support
The LHMI supports 2 languages that are chosen during configuration phase. A parameter in the menu tree allows
switching between both languages.
NOTE: The iAVR Human interface is also available in Chinese language by now. Please, contact the Schneider
Electric’s local support for more information.
Time and Date Display
Local HMI displays time, date and state of time and date of the computer.
Time: time of day is displayed in all the panels of the LCD. For each panel, time of day is displayed in the first line
of the panel.
The displaying format of the time is THH:MM:SS where T is the time state, HH the hour (0 to 23), MM the minutes
(00 to 59) and SS the seconds (0 to 59).
In the events panel, in the alarms’ panel and in the disturbance records panel, time stamp must be given at
milliseconds. So, the format of time is THH:MM:SS.MMM
Date: date is displayed only in the panel of events and in the panel of alarms. Date is associated with time for the
displaying of each event and each alarm.
State of date and time: the application software of the computer manages the different state of the date and time:
• not synchronised (“*”): the date/time has never been synchronised
• synchronised (“ “): date/time is synchronised
Time, date and state are visible and modifiable in the menu tree. To modify time or date, refer to the ST chapter
iAVR Panels
All information of these panels is configurable except for the time indication.
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FIGURE 47 MAIN PAGE FIGURE 48 SECOND PAGE
10.1.2. Information Displayed in the Bay Panel
• the bay name (fixed position), 16 characters maximum
• the time (hh:mm:ss) preceded by its state (* means not synchronised)
• the bay graphical representation: the bay is displayed in single-pole presentation. Graphical pictures are
made of bitmaps for devices representation, vertical and horizontal lines and labels.
• the Local / Remote bay mode
• a measurement of CT/VT displayed on a vertical graphical bar graph (Vertical Measurement Graphical
Area) or on a horizontal graphical bar graph (Horizontal Measurement Graphical Area). VMGA and HMGA
are exclusive. Only CT/VT measurements can be displayed on a bar graph. Up to four CT/VT
measurements can be associated to a bar graph. Buttons 2 and 8 allow the user to select the
measurement to display on the bar graph. The totality of the bar graph represents either 120% or 200%
of the nominal value.
• the name of the measurement (fixed position)
• the value of the measurement (fixed position)
• the command report (fixed position)
• the access to datapoints panels
The iAVR Graphical bay panel shows up to 8 measurement values; their position and label are settable, but the
top and bottom lines are excluded.
Format: <Measure Name> : <Value> <Unit>
• Measurement Name : 8 characters max, settable
• Value: up to 8 characters with ± , decimal separator Ex:-12345.56 or 120 or 12345678
• Unit: 4 characters max, settable

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10.1.3. State Sub-Panel
This panel shows the state of the digital datapoints (single points, double points and multiple points).
3 lines are necessary to display any information.
10.1.4. Measurements, Counters and TPI Sub-Panel
This panel allows displaying the state of the measurement, the counter and the TPI. It is defined by 3 lists of
elements (Measurement, counter and TPI), each list is composed of several pages (3 pieces of information per
page).
Bay name (fixed position), 16 characters maximum (except Chinese: only 10 characters)
10.1.5. Display of Measurements
Analogue values or digital measurements can be displayed in this panel if defined in database. The value is
displayed with 2 digits after the dot and 5 before.
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10.1.6. Controls Sub-Panel
The operator can control devices from the controls sub-panel.
10.1.7. Event Panel
The event panel allows to display the event list of the computer in a chronological order. Display of events is done
from newest to oldest: that means that the newest event declared is displayed at the top of the events panel (i.e.
newest event is always rank 1).
This event list is a circular queue. List maximum size depends of computer version series. This list is displayed in
a scrollable view using arrows buttons. When the circular queue is full and a new event appears, then the rank of
each event is increased and the oldest event in the queue is removed.
One screen of the LCD contains at maximum 2 events.
At first time the user enters the events’ panel, the 2 newest events are displayed.
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An event is composed of 7 lines:
• Line 1: rank of the event in the circular queue
• Line 2: event time stamp
• Line 3: label of the bay
• Line 4: label of the module
• Line 5: label of the datapoint
• Line 6: state of the datapoint
• Line 7: value and unit of the datapoint (if exists)
Display mechanism for the first page:
• If the operator views the first page, it is assumed that he is looking for the newest events. Therefore, the
page will be updated at the apparition of any new event.
Display mechanism for an intermediate page:
• The operator views one page between the first page and the last one, it is assumed that he examines more
precisely these events.
• Therefore, when n events appear, the user keeps on viewing the 2 same events. However, the rank of each
event is incremented by n in real time in the list. When the displayed event is removed from the FIFO, the
oldest event is displayed.
10.1.8. Faults Panel
The first LED of the local HMI indicates 2 levels of fault.
When the LED is ON, a major fault is present. It can be:
• A database incoherence
• A hardware fault
If there is a minor fault the fault LED is blinking. It can be:
• A disconnected IED
• A problem about IRIG-B
• A problem about ISaGRAF
The Fault panel displays these faults.
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10.1.9. Alarms Panel
Alarms are displayed in the form of one list in the panel. This list is a circular buffer and is displayed in a scrollable
view in the same way as for the events panel.
One screen of the LCD can contain a maximum of 2 alarms:
An alarm is composed of 7 lines:
• Line 1: alarm apparition time stamp
• Line 2: alarm state and gravity
• Line 3: label of the bay
• Line 4: label of the module
• Line 5: label of the datapoint
• Line 6: state of the datapoint
• Line 7: value and unit of the datapoint (if exists)
Alarms acknowledgement and clearing is defined in “Controls” chapter.
10.1.10. Board Panel
Board’s list view is a text list containing the status of I/O boards.
For each board, the following information is displayed in one line of the board panel:
• its type,
• its state among the following ones: OK (Board connected and operational), MISSING (Board missing),
FAILURE (Board in fault), TOO MANY (Board present but not configured).
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FIGURE 49 EXAMPLE OF BOARDS SUB-PANEL
10.1.11. Service Information Panel
The local control panel can present computer related information on several views:
• serial number of computers
• software version
• version’s number and revision’s number of the first database
• version’s number and revision’s number of the second database
• state of both database
• operating hours of MiCOM computer
• operating modes
• redundancy mode
FIGURE 50 EXAMPLE OF SERVICE

INFORMATION PANEL
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10.1.12. Display of Binary Input Information
The state of the physical binary input can be displayed in the “binary input panel”.
Each panel contains:
• The board number and its type (DIU, CCU)
• A list of binary input defined by:
 The input number: DI xxx
 The state of the physical input with 3 possible values (On, off, fault)
FIGURE 51 EXAMPLE OF BINARY INPUT SUB-PANEL
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10.1.13. Display of Binary Output Information
The state of the physical binary output can be displayed in the “binary output panel”.
Each panel has:
• The board number and its type (DOU, CCU)
• A list of binary output defined by:
 The output identifier: DO xxx

 The state of the physical output with 3 possible values (on, off, fault)
FIGURE 52 EXAMPLE OF BINARY OUTPUT SUB-PANEL MENU TREE
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Some parameters of the computer can be set by the operator from local HMI. The display / modification of the
parameter value is done in the menu tree from the local HMI. All the parameters are group in the same path of
the menu tree.
The parameters that can be modified on-line are:
• Language
• counters value
• motion 00 and motion 11 delays
• measurements thresholds, deadband and hysteresis
• serial communication parameters
The controls that can be performed from the menu tree are:
• reset of operating hours
• change of computer operating mode
• global alarm acknowledgement
• global alarm clearing
• database switching
• date and time setting
• modify counters value
• modify energy counters value
NOTE: The “C” button is used for the navigation in the menu tree. This feature remains and so alarm
acknowledgement will be not allowed from the menu tree.
The following figures show the menu tree in the three operating modes.
10.1.14. Controls (subject to privilege)
Controls can be performed from the local HMI:
• Local / Remote mode
• Tap changer control
• Switch automatic regulation in / out service
• Alarm acknowledgement
• Alarm clearing
All of them require the Operator being logged-in.
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To login: The iAVR normally displays its default screen with title "iAVR-x", x being a number.
By pressing the top-right key, like book pages, you change screen to:
• Service screen with firmware version, etc.
• The login screen indicating "IAVR ...EN"
• Back to the default screen
In the login screen, press enter key (in between arrows); then with up/down arrow, select "Operator";
The iAVR then requires entering a password: it is arrow down-left-up-right twice, like two clockwise turns.
10.1.15. System Settings
Settings can be done from the local HMI:
• Time and date setting
Login as Engineer is the same as for Operator. Engineer has access to various internal settings, of which date
and time (if the iAVR is not synchronised by IRIG-B or SNTP):
From default screen or other press Enter key;
Confirm "COMMAND" then "MAIN"
With arrow down, select as required; confirm with Enter
The current date or time is displayed; Press Enter to modify with up/down/left/right arrows, then Enter to confirm
the change. Other settings accessed by Engineer are without relevance to AVR function and must be left
unchanged.
Local / Remote Control
Local / Remote control for LCD front panel (GHU20x)
The system engineer is allowed to change the mode:
• From local to remote
• From remote to local
10.1.16. Tap changer Control Request
The button 7 allows selecting one by one the devices of the bay. When a transformer is selected, the operator
can control it from local control panel by dealing with associated tap changer positions.
In order to command the tap changer, the bay that the transformer belongs to has to be in local mode.
The commands that can be sent through the local HMI are:
• Raise (= current tap position + 1) with the button 8
 for a Double Wound transformer the Low Voltage is increased
 for an Auto-wound transformer the Low Voltage is reduced
NOTE: A “raise” control is refused if the current tap position value corresponds to the maximum position of the
tap.
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• Lower (= current tap position -1) with the button 2
 for a Double Wound transformer, the Low Voltage is reduced
 for an Auto-wound transformer, the Low Voltage is increased
NOTE: A “lower” control is refused if the current tap position value corresponds to the minimum position of the
tap.
 In case of “go to min”, “go to max” or “go to position x” request, the computer uses an internal automatic
function (via ISaGRAF) which generates the desired controls sequences in order to reach automatically
the expected position. This function may generate “Direct execute”, “SBO once” or “SBO many”
sequences according the configuration of the device.
10.1.17. Computer Mode
Control of the C264 with AVR and manual orders to the Tap Change are available from the C264 with AVR local
HMI with simple and intuitive actions on the animated “Single Line Page”.
The operator controls:
• Commands on Single Line - View 1:
• AVR ON/OFF (by OI / SCADA)
• AVR AUTO/MANU (by OI / SCADA)
 Raise * (by front panel keys)
 Lower * (by front panel keys)
 Target Vn-5% (Target Voltage 5) (by OI / SCADA)
• Commands on LCD View 2:
 Target Voltage 1 (Nominal 100% Vn) (by OI / SCADA)
 Target Voltage 2 (Boosting Voltage 2) (by OI / SCADA)
 Target Voltage 5 (Vn-5%) (by OI / SCADA)
NOTE: Controls Raise and Lower use front panel keys for navigation: Selection, Enter, Up and Down.
The Single Line “Page 1” is graphically showing the AVR Running Mode, CB status, Tap Changer Position
Indication and the Current Voltage.
Database Switch
iAVR has 2 databases. The operator can switch between both databases.
The operator sends this command from the menu tree with a password protection.
Reset Operating Hours
The operator is allowed to reset the operating hours counter.

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The operator sends this command from the menu tree with a password protection.
Time and Date Setting
The operator is allowed to set time and date of the computer from the local HMI.
Time and date are set from the menu tree with a password protection.
Manual Value Change of Counters
Counters can be reset or affected to a new value manually by the operator at BCP.
Counters are changed from the menu tree with a password protection.
FIGURE 53 EXAMPLE OF MANUAL CHANGE VALUE OF A COUNTER
When this panel is displayed the rightest digit of the wanted value is in inverse video.
Buttons 4 and 6 are used to select the digit of the wanted value that must be modified.
Buttons 2 and 8 allow changing the value of the selected digit.
Once the correct wanted counter value is defined, it can be validated by pressing button 5.
Acknowledgement of Alarms
Acknowledgement of alarms is performed globally or on a per alarm basis:
• Global acknowledgement: the operator can acknowledge all the unacknowledged alarms of the computer.
It is performed from the menu tree (with password check).
• Alarm per alarm acknowledgement: the operator can perform the alarm acknowledge one by one. It is
performed from the alarm panel.
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Global Acknowledge
The operator can acknowledge all the unacknowledged alarms of the computer
Interface with the operator on local control panel:
Acknowledgement of all alarms is done from the menu tree (with password check).
Alarm per Alarm Acknowledge
The operator can perform the alarm acknowledge one by one.
In this case, in the “alarm panel” he selects an alarm and can activate the acknowledgement.
Acknowledgement alarm by alarm is done from the alarm panel.
The procedure of acknowledgement by the operator is the following one:
• the operator selects (in the alarm panel) one alarm with the select button: 7. Once the alarm is selected,
the two first lines of the alarm in the alarm panel are blinking. Deselecting is performed by the button 0.
• the operator presses the ‘enter’ button 9, enter the password if necessary
The button 0 allows aborting the command.
If the button sequence is correct, the selected unacknowledged alarm is acknowledged.
The state of the alarm is then changed depending of its initial state:
• active unacknowledged -> active acknowledged
• inactive unacknowledged -> inactive acknowledged if the disappearance of the alarm has to be
acknowledged
The alarm list is updated with the new state of the alarm. The alarm in the inactive acknowledged state is
automatically cleared and removed from the alarm list if the automatic clearing mode is set for this alarm in the
database.
Alarms Clearing
Clear of alarms is performed globally or on a per alarm basis:
• Global clear: the operator can clear all the inactive acknowledged alarms of the computer. It is performed
from the menu tree (with password check).
• Alarm per alarm clear: the operator can perform the alarm clear one by one. It is performed from the alarm
panel.
Global clear
The operator can clear all the inactive acknowledged alarms of the computer
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Clear of all alarms is done from the menu tree (with password check).
Alarm per alarm clear
The operator can perform the alarm clear one by one.
In this case, in the “alarm panel” he selects an alarm and can activate the clear.
Clear alarm by alarm is done from the alarm panel.
The procedure of clear by the operator is the following one:
• The operator selects (in the alarm panel) one alarm with the select button: 7.
• Only the inactive acknowledged alarm can be selected.
• Once the alarm is selected, the two first lines of the alarm in the alarm panel are blinking. (deselecting is
performed by the button 5.
• The operator presses the ‘enter’ button I, enters the password if necessary.
The button 0 allows aborting the command.
If the button sequence is correct, the selected alarm is cleared and disappears from the list.
Password Management
2 profiles are defined in CAT and allowed in the computer:
• Observer
• system engineer
These profiles can be named differently in the login panel depending on configuration.
The second one is necessary to activate commands from local HMI:
• command from bay panel
• command with menu tree
• remote to local bay mode
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Function Corresponding Profile

Display graphical bay panel
Enter in “measurement” panel from “graphical bay panel
Enter in “status” panel from “graphical bay panel
Display alarm list
Display event list
Observer
Display list of disturbance files
Display information on “services” panel
Display AVR information
Display “fault” panel
Display IO state
Acknowledge and clear alarm, alarm global acknowledgement
Enter in “command” panel from “graphical bay panel
Change Local/remote mode from “graphical bay” panel
Switch database
Change operating mode
System engineer
Reset operating hours
Change date/time
Change language
Set counter values
Command Raise / Lower from AVR panel
If the Login panel is not required:
• there is only one account: System Engineer; an observer can still view data without entering password
• the logoff timeout is the one defined for System Engineer
• a password is mandatory to change the Local/remote mode
When a password is required, a string “password??: “is displayed in the current panel. The operator has to enter
it.
The first character is selected. The buttons  and  are used to change of selected character.
The buttons  and  are used to change the value of selected character.
The character is displayed at each button press. The button validates the entered password. If you press the
enter key without entering any password, the string AAAAAAAA is taken in.
The current type of characters is repeated in the right bottom corner of the panel:
• A B C for upper case alpha character
• a b c for lower case alpha character
• 0 1 2 for numerical character
• @ / # for special character
• Cycle through them with key .
The password cannot be changed, and its validity time is 15 minutes. During this delay, user can run another
command. This delay is re-armed at each button press.
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10.2. Printer (Optional)

Some specific events (the events to log are declared in the database) are printed and chronologically sorted on
logbook printers. They are printed with their time stamping and a complete description (location and event
description).
Logbook printers can be connected to SCP operator interface or to a bay level computer. The printout format,
which can be defined by user during the system configuration phase, is the same across the whole log book
printers connected.
A computer does not print information coming from other computers.
10.2.1. Inputs
A computer receives acquisition from various equipment (protection, captors, etc.) and, after processing, may
generate events that have to be printed. These kinds of events are defined in the database during the configuration
phase.
Types of events can be:
• Binary inputs (SP, DP, MP, SI and Groups)
• Tap position indication
• Measurement
• Operator action:
• Log-in and log-off,
• Devices control
• Alarm acknowledgement / clearing
10.2.2. Outputs
The 5 following properties can be printed. Each property is separated from the other by one blank character The
position of each property in the printed line (i.e. position 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5) is defined in configuration:
• Chronology – 1 character: refer to § “SOE events”
• TimeStamp – 24 or 26 characters: refer to § “SOE events”
• Origin - 67 characters: for BI, TPI, measurements, controls and alarms, the origin gives the access path
to the object (refer to § “SOE events”)
• ObjectName - 16 characters
• ObjectMessage - 16 characters
The Origin, ObjectName and ObjectMessage properties contain different information depending of the associated
event type.
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10.2.3. Printer Management
Header & Footer
A header and footer can be printed at each page. They are composed of one line, separated from the events by
a blank line.
The page number is in the range [1..999]. It is reset at 1 after reaching 999 and at each new day.
The date could have the following format: DD/MM/YY or MM/DD/YY or YY/MM/DD or DD/MM/YYYY or
MM/DD/YYYY or YYYY/MM/DD. The time has the following format: hh:mm:ss.
Chronology & Time Stamp
The printers are managed in a real-time printing mode.
All synchronized information is printed in a chronological order.
Events are printed with their time-stamping and a complete description (location and event description). The
equipment detecting the event does the time-stamping (time-stamping at source).
Printer Out of Service
If a printer fails, all the messages are stored in a circular buffer
When the buffer is full, any new message replaces the oldest one.
An indication (Printer status) is generated to indicate the printer failure.
Circular FIFO Management
Before being printed, all information goes into a circular buffer
A latency delay is configured to sort information.
The size of the buffer is 1000.
When the buffer is full, the oldest information are deleted (300 information suppressed) in order to have place for
new ones.
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A specific message is inserted in the buffer to indicate the lost of information, this message has the following
information:
• TimeStamp = date of the oldest suppress information
• Origin = Name of the computer (configurable)
• ObjectName = SUPPRESSED INFOS (configurable)
• ObjectMessage = number of lost information
The following figure shows an example of SOE page.
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11. Maintenance
This chapter describes the Maintenance and Fault Finding procedures of the iAVR.
Reading of iAVR Safety chapter is mandatory.
The aim of this part is to describe standard methods to diagnose the iAVR status and provide common
maintenance procedures for the replacement and/or addition of components.
Before any maintenance operation, please refer to the documentation chapter SA (Safety) and to the Schneider
Electric Safety Guide: SFTY/4L M/C11 (or later issue).
11.1. Level 1 Diagnosis Facilities

When maintenance action is planned, the operator should prepare, act and report.
The minimal preparation is to get the commissioning Record Sheet of installed iAVR in order to see the product
configuration and its history. The User should refer also to his own experience besides this manual. It is also
recommended to extract the logbook history in order to be informed of the intervention conditions.
At a first level the product provides several methods to check the context of the fault. The main ones are:
• LEDs
• LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)
Front panel LED Indications

Refer to iAVR Human Interface chapter for the precise Led’s description.
FIGURE 54 IAVR FRONT VIEW
The first 5 LEDs indicate the iAVR status information. With reference to the iAVR Human Interface chapter, the
LEDs indicate from top to down:
171 / 178
______________________________________________________________________
LED Color LED on Slow blinking Fast Blinking LED off

1 Red There is at least one major fault There is at least one minor Not used No fault
(hardware, database) (1) fault (I/O board,
communication to IEDs)(2)
2 Yellow All the alarms are ac-knowledged, but All alarms displayed in the There is at least 1 No alarm
there is at least one alarm still active. alarm panel are inactive not acknowledged
(3) and acknowledged alarm displayed in
the alarm panel
3 Yellow Computer in operation Computer in maintenance Computer in test Computer in reboot
4 Green Power on Not used Not used Power off
5 (4) Red All bays managed by the computer Bays managed by the Not used All bays managed
are in LOCAL mode computer are not in the by the computer
same control mode are in REMOTE
6 Red Global fault (5) Not used Not used No fault at all
Major fault: iAVR not available due to internal failure (database error, CPU board failure …).
(2) A minor fault is a fault causing only the non-availability of a part of the functionality.
(3) When the alarm disappears, the LED returns automatically to OFF.
(4) Assigned by computer only for without LCD panel: GHU2x1 or for an extension iAVR
(5) It may be a board fault, an IED fault, a power off, a watchdog issue (DO#0 of BIU board), an IED or
extension disconnected
172 / 178
______________________________________________________________________
A minor fault is a fault causing only the non-availability of a part of the functionality:
Symptom LED Status Possible Reason Way to Solve

Functions as All LEDs are OFF The cable between CPU Verify the connection between CPU
commu-nication, and GHU2xx, or or GHU2xx. If connection is OK and
automation, printing GHU2xx itself is not the problem is not already solved,
are well ope-rating & operational then change the GHU2xx board.
the watchdog on BIU
is SET
The supply is ON LED6 is ON (but LED7 Problem with BIU board Replace BIU board or CPU board.
and the watch dog thru 13 are OFF if or CPU board
on BIU is RESET. predefined)
C264 is not running LED1 ON Incoherent database Download a coherent database
or not fully
operational
At least one Hardware fault Go in Fault display and Board display
predefined LED to determine the faulty board and
among LED7 thru 13 is change it.
ON
C264 is not fully LED1 is blinking An IED is disconnected Go into IED display to determine the
operational (LED 6 and/or 12 ON) disconnected IED and verify the
cable, the BIU configuration, the
communication parameters inside the
PACiS configurator, the
communication parameters inside the
relay.
The printer is Go into Fault display and verify that

disconnected paper is available, the printer is
switch ON, the printer cable
A problem about clock Go into Fault display & verify that the
synchronization external clock is switch ON, the
external clock is connected to the
antenna, the external clock is
connected to the C264.
A problem about PLC Go into Fault display & connect the
(ISaGRAF) ISaGRAF work bench to the iAVR.
Verify the behaviour of the PLC.
NOTE: After a reboot using the CAT, the PSL might do not work. Use the serial link instead and type ‘reboot’ in
Hyperterminal.
Front panel LCD Indications

GHU200 or GHU210 board gives access to the status of the boards, the state of digital inputs, the state of digital
outputs, the connection state with external devices. The CM chapter describes this.
Adjustment of the brightness of the front panel LCD
When button 0 and button 5 are pressed simultaneously it is possible to increase (resp. decrease) the brightness
of the front panel LCD by pressing button 8 (resp. button 2 )
173 / 178
______________________________________________________________________
11.2. Maintenance Period

It is recommended that Schneider Electric products receive periodic monitoring after their installation.
Deterioration may occur over time. Because of the electrical and disturbed environment, it is recommended to
confirm at regular intervals that the iAVR is operating correctly.
The Schneider Electric iAVR has been designed for a life cycle of over 15 years.
iAVR is self-supervising and therefore requires less maintenance than previous products. Most problems will lead
to an alarm so fast and appropriate action can be done. However, some periodic tests should be done to ensure
the iAVR is operating correctly and that the external wiring in a good condition.
If a Preventative Maintenance Policy exists within the customer’s organization then the recommended product
checks should be included in the regular program. Maintenance periods will depend on many factors, such as:
• the operating environment
• the accessibility of the site
• the amount of available manpower
• the importance of the installation in the power system
• the consequences of failure
11.3. Method of Repair

If the iAVR should develop a fault whilst in service, depending on the nature of the fault, the watchdog contacts
will change state and an alarm condition will be flagged. Due to the extensive use of surface-mount components
(SMC) faulty boards should be replaced, as it is not possible to perform repairs on damaged circuits with SMC
technology. Thus either the complete iAVR or just the faulty board, identified by the in-built diagnostic software,
can be replaced.
The preferred method is to replace the complete iAVR as it ensures that the internal circuitry is protected against
electrostatic discharge and physical damage at all times and overcomes the risk of incoherency with the new
boards. In some cases, it may be difficult to remove an installed iAVR due to limited access in the back of the
cubicle and rigidity of the scheme wiring then only the faulty elements will be replaced.
Replacing boards can reduce transport costs but requires clean, dry on site conditions and higher skills from the
person performing the repair. If an unauthorised service centre performs the repair, the warranty will be
invalidated.
BEFORE CARRYING OUT ANY WORK ON THE

! EQUIPMENT,
THE USER SHOULD BE FAMILIAR WITH THE
CONTENTS OF THE SAFETY AND
TECHNICAL DATA CHAPTERS (SCHNEIDER
ELECTRIC SAFETY GUIDE: SFTY/4L M/C11
OR LATER ISSUE) AND THE RATINGS ON
THE EQUIPMENT'S RATING LABEL.
THIS SHOULD AVOID INCORRECT
HANDLING OF THE ELECTRONIC
COMPONENTS AND DAMAGE.
Replacing the complete iAVR

The case and rear terminal blocks have been designed to facilitate removal of the complete iAVR.
174 / 178
______________________________________________________________________
Before working at the rear of the iAVR, isolate all the voltages and currents connected to the iAVR.
NOTE: The iAVR has current transformer shorting switches which close when terminal block is removed.
Replacing the complete iAVR

Before any disconnection, check the labels correctly define the connectors and match with the wishing description
you have. Otherwise, note the current wiring in order to prepare the new iAVR installation.
• Disconnect the power supply connector
• Disconnect the iAVR IRIG-B, optical fiber, Ethernet RJ45 and serial links connected on CPU board.
• Disconnect the input/output connectors
• Disconnect earth connection
There are two types of terminal block used on the iAVR:
Figure 255: Location of securing screws for terminal blocks
NOTE: The use of a magnetic bladed screwdriver is recommended to minimise the risk of the screws being left
in the terminal block or lost. A 3 mm flat head screwdriver is recommended for fixation screws. A 6 mm flat head
screwdriver is recommended for CT/VT earthing connections.
Without exerting excessive force or damaging the scheme wiring, pull the terminal blocks away from their internal
connectors.
Remove the screws used to fasten the iAVR to the panel, rack, etc. These are the screws with the larger diameter
cross heads that are accessible when the access covers are fitted and open.
IF THE TOP AND BOTTOM ACCESS COVERS

! HAVE BEEN REMOVED, DO NOT REMOVE
THE SCREWS WITH THE SMALLER
DIAMETER HEADS WHICH ARE
ACCESSIBLE. THESE SCREWS HOLD THE
FRONT PANEL ON THE IAVR
• Withdraw the iAVR from the panel or rack carefully and take care of its weight because there are some
heavy parts due to the internal transformers.
Installation of New iAVR

175 / 178
______________________________________________________________________
To reinstall the repaired or new iAVR, follow the above procedure in reverse. Ensure that each terminal block is
relocated in the correct position and the case correctly earthed, IRIG-B and fiber optic connections are put back
in place.
Once reinstallation is complete the iAVR should be commissioned again using the instructions in CM chapter.
Replacing a Board
To replace any of the iAVR’s boards it is necessary to remove the front panel.
Before removing the front panel the auxiliary supply must be switched off. It is also strongly recommended that
the voltage and current transformer connections and trip circuit are isolated.
Open the top and bottom access covers.
If fitted, remove the transparent secondary front cover. A description of how to do this is given in Chapter iAVR
Introduction.
By applying outward pressure to the middle of the access covers, they can be bowed sufficiently so as to
disengage the hinge lug allowing the access cover to be removed. The screws that fasten the front panel to the
case are now accessible.
The size 40TE case has four cross head screws fastening the front panel to the case, one in each corner, in
recessed holes.. Undo and remove the screws.
DO NOT REMOVE THE SCREWS WITH THE

! LARGER DIAMETER HEADS WHICH ARE
ACCESSIBLE WHEN THE ACCESS COVERS
ARE FITTED AND OPEN. THESE SCREWS
HOLD THE iAVR IN ITS MOUNTING (PANEL
OR CUBICLE).
When the screws have been removed, the complete front panel can be pulled forward and separated from the
metal case.
CAUTION SHOULD BE OBSERVED AT THIS

! STAGE BECAUSE A CABLE CONNECTS THE
FRONT PANEL TO THE REST OF THE iAVR
CIRCUITRY.
Additionally, from here on, the internal circuitry of the iAVR is exposed and not protected against electrostatic
discharges, dust ingress, etc. Therefore ESD precautions and clean working conditions should be maintained at
all times.
176 / 178
______________________________________________________________________
FIGURE 56 IAVR WITH TMU2XX BOARD
The boards within the iAVR are now accessible. Figures above show the board locations for the iAVR.
Looking to the front of the iAVR with the front panel off, you can have access to a printed circuit that connects all
the boards together: this is the backplane board.
• To remove a card you need to:
• Pull the backplane board (FBP280) out by holding it by the two extremities
Remove the screws and the maintain bar at the bottom of the case
NOTE: To ensure compatibility, always replace a faulty board with one of an identical part number and set
jumpers in identical position.
All the boards are shown and described in HW chapter.
Replacement of the Binary Input Unit (BIU241)

The BIU is the power supply board located on the extreme left-hand side (slot A) of iAVR.
Pull the power supply module forward, away from the rear terminal blocks and out of the case. A reasonable
amount of force will be required to achieve this due to the friction between the contacts of the two medium duty
terminal blocks. It is then recommended to use the special tool for extracting board (internal reference is 2070860).
Do not forget to set the jumpers on the new board in the same position as the previous one.
Replacement of the Main Processor Board (CPU270)

Depending on the model of the iAVR the processor board carried out the IRIG-B functionality’s so if you identify
an IRIG-B connection problem you will have to replace the processor board.
After replacement of the main processor board, all the settings required for the application will need to be re-
entered.
The CPU board is located next to the BIU board (slot B).
Do not forget to disconnect the rear cables (RJ45 Ethernet, optical fibres, IRIG-B connector and serial links) before
replacing the board and to reconnect them after.
177 / 178
______________________________________________________________________
Replacement of the I/O boards (DIU211, DOU201)
The I/O boards can be located in any slot from C to Q.
Replacement of the Transducerless Measurements Unit (TMU)

The measurement unit is on the extreme right-hand side of iAVR.
Refit the iAVR

Before re-assembling the module with a replacement board, make sure that the address for the replacement
board is the same address that the board replaced by checking the jumpers on the boards.
Refit the FBP board.
Screw the bar in the bottom of the case.
Refit the front panel. After refitting and closing the access covers, press at the location of the hinge-assistance T-
pieces so that they click back into the front panel molding.
Once the relay has been reassembled after repair, it must be commissioned again (see chapter CM).
11.4. Cleaning
Before cleaning the iAVR ensure that all ac/dc supplies, current transformer and voltage transformer connections
are isolated to prevent any chance of an electric shock whilst cleaning.
Front panel cleaning: use a smooth cloth. Do not use abrasive material or detergent chemicals.
178 / 178

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TECHNICAL GUIDE MiCOM C264 iAVR

MiCOM C264 iAVR

Last update: 2020-August

4. TECHNICAL DATA ................................................................................................................................................ 67

1.1. About this Guide

1.2. Legal Information

Central to the iAVR concept is flexibility.

1.4. Chapters Description

Chapter Safety (SA)

Chapter Introduction (IT)

Chapter Functional Description (FT)

Chapter Technical Data (TD)

Chapter Hardware Description (HW)

Chapter Connection diagrams (CO)

This chapter contains the installation procedures.

Chapter Settings (ST)

Chapter Communications (CT)

Chapter Maintenance, Fault finding, Repairs (MF)

This chapter contains lexical description of acronyms and definitions.

1.5. AVR Applications

1.5.1. iAVR Computers

1.5.2. Applications and Scope

CT Current measurement transformer

HMI Human-Machine Interface

PLC Programmable Logic Control

SLD Single Line Diagram

VT Voltage measurement transformer

The addition of either symbol to a “Danger” or “Warning” safety label

This is the safety alert symbol. It is used to alert you to potential

Electrical equipment should be installed, operated, serviced, and maintained only by

2.1. Health and Safety

2.1.1. Installing, Commissioning and Servicing Equipment connections

Omitting or disconnecting the equipment earth may cause a safety hazard.

Before energizing the equipment, the following should be checked:

• Voltage rating and polarity;

• CT circuit rating and integrity of connections;

• Integrity of earth connection (where applicable)

2.1.2. Equipment operating conditions

2.1.3. Current transformer circuits

2.1.4. Insulation and dielectric strength testing

2.1.5. Insertion of modules and boards

2.1.6. Fiber optic communication

2.2. Decommissioning & Disposal

It is recommended that incineration and disposal to watercourses be avoided. The product

2.3. Technical Safety Specifications

2. Differential protective switch on DC power supply is recommended.

3. Differential protective switch on AC power supply is mandatory (printers, PACiS workstation…).

Equipment in this category is

Product Safety: 73/23/EEC Compliance with the European

2.4. Handling Electrical Equipment

• Store or transport the module in a conductive bag.

2.5. Packing and Unpacking

2.7. Copyrights & Trademarks

2.8. Warning regarding the use of Schneider-Electric Products

3.1. On-Load Tap Changer (OLTC)

Transformer is the essential static part of an electrical network.

Voltage Transformer (VT) provides this measurement.

Take care not to

... On-Load Tap Changer

... and Regulator or AVR

3.2. Single AVR

FIGURE 2 SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM OF A STANDALONE REGULATION OF A TRANSFORMER

3.3. Parallel Operation