Legal System

By Karandeep Singh BALLB (Hons.) 8th Semester

Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana

The legal system is a set of institutions and procedures established by a society to govern behavior
and resolve disputes. It is an essential aspect of any functioning society, as it provides a framework
for enforcing laws and protecting the rights and freedoms of citizens.
There are several different types of legal systems in the world, including common law, civil law,
religious law, and customary law. Common law systems, which are used in countries such as the
United States and the United Kingdom, rely on judicial precedents and the principle of stare decisis,
or the adherence to previous court decisions. Civil law systems, which are used in countries such as
France and Germany, rely on written codes and statutes. Religious law systems, which are used in
countries such as Iran and Saudi Arabia, rely on religious texts and the interpretation of religious
authorities. Customary law systems, which are used in many traditional societies, rely on the
customs and traditions of a particular community.
The legal system also includes a variety of institutions and actors, such as courts, lawyers, and law
enforcement agencies. These institutions and actors play important roles in interpreting and
enforcing the law, and in providing access to justice for citizens.
One of the key roles of the legal system is to provide a fair and impartial process for resolving
disputes. This includes providing access to legal representation, protecting the rights of defendants
and accused, and ensuring that decisions are made based on the evidence and the law.
Another important role of the legal system is to protect the rights and freedoms of citizens. This
includes protecting citizens from discrimination, protecting the rights of minorities, and ensuring
that citizens have access to justice.
However, the legal system is not without its flaws and challenges. In some countries, the legal
system may be corrupt or politicized, leading to injustice and unequal treatment of citizens.
Additionally, the legal system may not always be accessible or affordable for all citizens,
particularly for low-income or marginalized communities.
In conclusion, the legal system plays a crucial role in maintaining order and protecting the rights
and freedoms of citizens. While it is not without its flaws, it is important for societies to
continuously strive to improve and strengthen their legal systems to ensure justice and equality for
all.