ABSTRACT

Colors Bot defined as color identification system via

utilizing electronics sensors and microcontrollers

Alma Bilal Abu Zreiq

Salsabeel Elmahdi Mohammed Ibraheem
Merna Samer Al Nezami
Nurlaura Aliff Asyraf

Colors Bot

COLORS BOT
Science Fair 2023
1. Introduction
Color identification system is a technology that can detect and identify
colors within an image or video feed. It is often used in a variety of
applications such as robotics, security systems, and quality control in
manufacturing. The system works by analyzing the visual data and
comparing it to a pre-defined set of colors to determine a match.

Following describe the basic information about the project:

Project name : Colors Bot
Class, year & section : Grade 4 PINK
Name of the student : 1. Alma Bilal Abu Zreiq
in the group 2. Salsabeel Elmahdi Mohammed Ibraheem
3. Merna Samer Al Nezami
4. Nurlaura Aliff Asyraf

Students project group

2. Objectives

The objectives of a color identification systems can vary depending on the

specific application, but some common objectives include:

1. Accurately identifying and distinguishing between different colors in

an color cards.
2. Automating the process of color recognition, which can save time and
improve efficiency.
3. Bill of Materials
# Description Picture Quantity Cost
(QAR)
1 Color Sensor 1 25
(TCS34725)

2 Light Sensor 1 10
(LDR)

3 Display 1 30
(ST7789)

4 Controller (CPU) 1 30
Arduino NANO
# Description Picture Quantity Cost
(QAR)
5 PCB Board 1 10

6 Connection Lot 20
Wires

7 Power Switch 1 5

8 Battery 1 15
# Description Picture Quantity Cost
(QAR)
9 Enclosure 1 7

10 Poster Boards Lot 18

11 Paint Colors Lot 10

12 Super Glue 5 10

Total
190
(QAR)
4. hypothesis

A hypothesis for a color identification system is "A machine learning-based

algorithm using a combination of color feature extraction and classification
techniques can accurately identify and distinguish between different colors
in an image or video, with a high level of consistency and reliability."

By using color space theory, hue to identify colors is a common approach

in color identification systems, as hue is a fundamental aspect of color
perception. Hue refers to the dominant wavelength of light in a color, and it
is typically represented as a value on a color wheel.

One way to use hue to identify colors is to define a set of hue ranges for
different colors, and then use the hue value of a pixel in an image to
classify that pixel as belonging to one of the defined colors. For example, a
hue range of 0-30 degrees could be defined as red, 30-60 degrees as
orange, and so on.

A color wheel or color circle is an abstract illustrative organization of color

hues around a circle that shows relationships between colors.

The color wheel

5. Procedures

There are several steps that be taken to create a color identification system
using a color sensor:

1. Calibrate the color sensor: The color sensor should be calibrated to

ensure that it is able to accurately measure color values under
different lighting conditions. This can be done by measuring a set of
known colors (white color) and comparing the sensor's readings to
the known values.
2. Collect training data: Collect a set of color cards that contain a variety
of different colors, along with the corresponding color values as
measured by the sensor. This data will be used to train the color
identification system.
3. Pre-processing of data: Pre-process the collected data to extract the
color-related features from the color cards, such as hue, saturation,
and value (HSV) or hue, saturation, lightness (HSL) values.
4. Train the model: Use a machine learning algorithm to cluster the color
features of the training data. These clusters will be used to classify
the colors present in the color cards.
5. Test the model: Test the performance of the color identification
system by applying it to a set of color cards that were not used in the
training data. Evaluate the accuracy of the system and make
adjustments as needed.
6. Deploy the system: Once the system has been tested and fine-tuned,
it can be deployed in the desired application. This can include
integrating it into a larger system or using it in a standalone
application.

6. Application

There are many potential applications for a color identification system,

some examples include:

1. Quality control in manufacturing: Color identification systems can be

used to ensure that products are being manufactured to a consistent
color standard, and to identify and reject products that do not meet
the color specifications.
 2. Robotics and automation: Color identification systems can be used to
enable robots or other automated systems to navigate and interact
with their environment, such as by identifying and picking up specific-
colored objects.
3. Agriculture: Color identification systems can be used to detect and
identify specific fruits, vegetables, or flowers in an agricultural setting.
4. Medical imaging: Color identification systems can be used to identify
specific structures or areas of interest in medical images, such as
identifying tumors or blood vessels.

7. Analysis of data

Data analysis is an important step in creating a color identification system.

The following are some steps that can be taken to analyze data for a color
identification system:

1. Data cleaning: Review the collected data and remove any color cards
that are not relevant to the color identification task or that contain
errors or inconsistencies.
2. Data labeling: Label the color cards with the corresponding color
values, either manually or through an automated process. This data
will be used to train and test the color identification system.
3. Data visualization: Use data visualization tools to view the distribution
of colors in the collected data. This can help to identify any patterns
or outliers in the data, and can aid in selecting appropriate feature
extraction and classification techniques.
4. Feature extraction: Extract color-related features from the objects,
such as hue, saturation, and value (HSV) or hue, saturation, lightness
(HSL) values. These features will be used to train the color
identification system.
5. Data splitting: Split the collected data into training and testing sets.
The training set will be used to train the color identification system,
while the testing set will be used to evaluate its performance.
6. Data normalization: Normalize the extracted color features, to make
sure that the data is in the same scale and have the same
distribution.
7. Data augmentation: If the collected data is not enough, data
augmentation can be applied to the training set, such as by applying
different transformations to the images or videos, to increase the size
of the data set.
Once the data has been analyzed, the color identification system can be
trained and tested using the processed data. The performance of the
system can be evaluated using metrics such as accuracy, precision, and
recall and fine-tuned as needed before deploying it in an application.

8. Observation

The HSV (Hue, Saturation, Value) color model is a way to represent colors
in a cylindrical coordinate system. It separates color information into three
components:

 Hue represents the dominant wavelength of light and corresponds to

the traditional notion of "color" (e.g., red, blue, green, etc.).
 Saturation represents the purity of the color, with fully saturated
colors being pure and unsaturated colors appearing gray.
 Value represents the brightness of the color, with high values
appearing light and low values appearing dark.

One of the main advantages of using the HSV color model for identification
is that it separates color information into distinct channels, which can make
it easier to manipulate or extract specific features of an image. Additionally,
the cylindrical nature of the HSV model can make it more intuitive to
understand and work with color. However, it is worth noting that the color
perception is a complex phenomenon, and different color models can be
used depending on the context of the application and the properties of the
image.