JOURNAL

Journal (noun) a newspaper or magazine that deals with a particular subject or professional activity:
“medicals journals”, “the wall street journal”

Periodical (noun) a magazine or newspaper published at regular intervals.

What's a journal?
A journal is a scholarly publication containing articles written by researchers, professors and
other experts. Journals focus on a specific discipline or field of study. Unlike newspapers and
magazines, journals are intended for an academic or technical audience, not general readers.

Most journal articles...

 Are peer reviewed

 Have original research
 Focus on current developments
 Cite other works and have bibliographies
 Can be in print, online or both

Journals are published on a regular basis (monthly, quarterly, etc.) and are sequentially
numbered.

Each copy is an issue; a set of issues makes a volume (usually each year is a separate
volume). Like newspapers and magazines, journals are also called periodicals or
serials.

Scholarly or popular sources

"Scholarly" or "popular" are terms used to describe a source's content, purpose,
audience, appearance, citations and more. Popular sources are useful for getting ideas
for a topic or for background and anecdotal information.

Typically, however, you should support your arguments by citing scholarly articles,
which contain original research written by experts and do not contain glossy pages or
advertisements. Ask your instructor if you're unsure about citing a source.

Many article databases allow you to limit your results to scholarly sources.

Scholarly sources:

 original research published in journals

 written by experts in the field
 are usually peer-reviewed (evaluated by other experts in the same field)
 include citations
 usually are longer, about 10-30 pages

Popular sources:

 general interest stories which may refer to research but do not contain original research
 written by the general public
 are not peer-reviewed
 rarely include citations
 tend to be shorter, about 200 words to a few pages

Why develop your research topic?

 A focused topic will save you time and frustration later in your research process
 It helps you to be clear about what you do and do not need

Tips for developing a research topic

 Brainstorm ideas
 Share your ideas with classmates, friends, instructors or librarians
 Browse encyclopedias or other materials for ideas on your topic
 Understand expectations of your assignment
 Select a topic that is interesting to you
 Develop a question by completing the sentence: "I want information on..."

https://www.uvic.ca/library/help/tips/scholvpop/index.php
What is Journal?

A scholarly journal is a periodical that publishes original research in one to fifty-two issues each year,
with four to twenty research articles per issue. Each issue may also contain book reviews, review essays,
response essays and notes. The journal publishes research in one or more disciplines (branches of
knowledge covered in university departments, e.g., English or anthropology) or fields (a subcategory of
disciplines, e.g., eighteenth-century British literature or cultural anthropology). Almost all scholarly
journals have a peer-review process, a quality control mechanism in which one to four scholars who are
faculty experts in the author’s field evaluate each article. These peer reviewers (also called referees or
readers) identify inadequacies, misinterpretations, and errors; proved recommendations to the author
for improvement; and aid the editor in making a decision about the value of the work. A journal’s staff
includes its editor, the faculty member in charge of the direction and intellectual processes of the
journal; the managing editor, the staff member who manages the logistics of publishing the journal; the
editorial board members, the faculty who agree to peer-review a certain number of articles a certain
number of articles per year; and the advisory board, the faculty who agree to have their prestigious
name associated with the journal but who do not provide any labor for it. Good editors try to ensure
that the journal has a short turnaround time (the time between your submission of the article and the
journal’s decision to accept or reject it, sometimes called review time) and a low backlog (the time
between the editorial decision to accept your article and its actual publication date, sometimes called
publication lag, as it depends on the number of articles the journal has already accepted for publication
and are in the queue ahead of yours). You will learn more about journals in “week 4: selecting a
Journal.”

What is Article?

A journal article is an academic genre of the essay, and it has standard features. It is generally five to
forty pages (2,500 to 12,000 words) in length, and contains five to fifty citations. It discusses other
scholars’ writing, is vetted by other scholars (peer reviewers), and is based in the concerns of a discipline
(or two). One of its features is the literature review, a brief analysis of those scholarly books and articles
on the exact topic of the article; which I call the related secondary literature (as explained in the week 5
chapter). Another feature is the argument, a stance the scholar takes toward the literature or a problem
(as explained in week 2); still another feature is the claim for significance, the reason why scholars
should be motivated to read the article (as explained in weeks 6). Other necessary features are the
evidence, the confirmation for the argument collected by the author from written source or a study (as
explained in weeks 7 and 8); a macrostructure, the organization of the argument and evidence into a
readable pattern (as explained in week 9); an introduction, including the article tile, abstract, and initial
paragraphs that orient the reader toward the meaning and value of the article (as explained in weeks 3
and 10); a conclusion, the final paragraphs the summarize the article’s main takeaways and articulate its
implication (as explained in week 10); and a microstructure, the organization of the article’s words into a
readable pattern (as explained in week 11). Most social, health, behavioral, and natural science articles
also have methods section, summarizing how the study was conducted; a Results section, presenting the
findings; and a Discussion section, analyzing the findings (as explained in 8 and 9)
Difference Between Article and Journal
https://keydifferences.com/difference-between-article-and-journal.html#Conclusion

Written compositions are available in varied types and forms, and targets a
different segment of audiences. One who is interested in reading can find articles
in various publications. An article is nothing but just a piece of writing on a
particular topic, which along with other written material included in the books,
magazines, newspaper, website, blogs, journals, etc.

On the contrary, Journal is a periodical publication in a specific field of study,

which is often reviewed by experts in the concerned area. Journal publications are
regarded as one of the highly honoured forms of publications, because of its high
standards in reviewing and publishing.

Come let’s discuss the differences between article and journal.

Content: Article Vs Journal

1. Comparison Chart
2. Definition
3. Key Differences
4. Conclusion

Difference Between Article and Journal

Last updated on April 11, 2020 by Surbhi S

Written compositions are available in varied types and forms, and targets a
different segment of audiences. One who is interested in reading can find articles
in various publications. An article is nothing but just a piece of writing on a
particular topic, which along with other written material included in the books,
magazines, newspaper, website, blogs, journals, etc.
On the contrary, Journal is a periodical publication in a specific field of study,
which is often reviewed by experts in the concerned area. Journal publications are
regarded as one of the highly honoured forms of publications, because of its high
standards in reviewing and publishing.

Come let’s discuss the differences between article and journal.

Content: Article Vs Journal

1. Comparison Chart
2. Definition
3. Key Differences
4. Conclusion

Comparison Chart
BASIS FOR
ARTICLE JOURNAL
COMPARISON

Meaning An article refers to a piece of prose, Journal is a scholarly publication consisting

often included in different of academic study, achievements and
publications, such as newspapers or information concerning a particular
magazines. discipline.

What is it? Literary work Form of publication

Nature Non-fiction and Informative Educational and Academic

Contains News, Stories Information, Articles, Book Reviews, Editorial Content,

Experience, Opinion, Suggestion, Achievements, Feedback, etc.
Facts, etc.

Written on The topic of interest of the writer or The specific field of study and
any burning issue. developments thereon.

Objective To influence the reader and urging To provide relevant information relating to
them to think. the professional course.
Definition of Article

The article implies an independently written composition, usually short and

precise, which is traditionally included in the newspaper, magazines, websites,
journals, etc. It is written for a large audience in an entertaining manner, so as to
grab and retain their interest and attention. The name of the person who wrote the
article is always mentioned.

An article not just integrates facts, but the thoughts and opinions of the writer and
experts, and balanced arguments are also included. A well-drafted article often
brings out topics of interest into the limelight.

An article may cover fascinating stories, reported speech, information, suggestions

and other descriptions. It can also describe any event, experience, person or
anything else. Articles are classified on the basis of need or preference:

 News Articles: Articles containing breaking news, information, happenings,

events of public interest, what will happen in the near future or a trending
topic. It may contain photographs, charts, interviews, debates, etc. Its
objective is to report on when, how, where and why the event took place and
who is involved in it.
 Feature Articles: One that is written creatively and descriptively so as to
entertain, engage and influence the reader. The article can be based on
anything, i.e. from people to place or from event to experience.
 Editorial Articles: These are commonly found in newspapers and
magazines, which often showcase a new outlook or opinion, on a current
issue. It often expresses a distinctive angle or approach about someone or
something and provokes the reader to think that way.
 How-to Articles: Such articles are instructional in the sense that they offer
complete guidelines on how-to-do something.
 Marketing Articles: A short piece of writing, which is actually an
advertisement, written to catch the attention of the reader towards the
company’s product or service.
 Question-Answer Articles: As the name suggest, these articles are in
question-answer format, based upon an interview with the famous
personality. It does not contain an introductory paragraph.
 Profile Articles: Profile articles are all about a specific person, which
requires research and interview, to gather relevant information about that
person.
Definition of Journal

Journal can be defined as a professional or academic publication, which features a

number of educational articles, written by researchers, experts or someone having
academic qualifications in the concerned subject, which presents original and new
research, book reviews, feedback, review articles and so forth. It includes
references and targets academic audience only.

A journal is always on a specific discipline, that targets a particular group of

people, typically students pursuing that discipline and not the general public. It
must be noted, the journals are usually peer-reviewed (refereed) and so they
undergo an extensive editorial process. However, all the journals are not peer-
reviewed.

They focus on current developments in the field of study. It is available in both

offline (printed form) and online mode. One can use journal articles for the
purpose of research as they are authoritative, up to date, topic-specific and
understandable.

Journals are published periodically, i.e. weekly, bi-monthly, monthly, quarterly,

semi-annually or annually. Each copy is termed as an issue, and a set of issues are
called volume.

Key Differences Between Article and Journal

The points given below are noteworthy so far as the difference between article and
journal is concerned:

1. An article is a written composition on a topic of interest, which forms a

separate part of a book, magazine or newspaper. On the other hand, Journal
is a type of magazine which contains articles and other descriptions on a
particular discipline or professional activities.
2. While the article is a work of literature, the journal is a form of publication.
3. An article is non-fictional and informative in nature. As against, the journal
is educational and academic.
4. The article can include news, stories, information, facts or writer’s
experience, opinion, suggestion, facts, etc. Conversely, a journal contains
articles, book reviews, editorial content, achievements, feedback, recent
developments in the field of study and many more.
 5. An article is written on the topic of interest of the writer or any burning
issue. In contrast, a journal is all about the specific field of study or
professional course and developments thereon.
6. The main objective of writing an article is to influence the reader and urging
them to think. On the flip side, a journal aims to provide relevant
information relating to the professional course.

Conclusion

In a nutshell, an article differs from a journal in the sense that an article is a written
composition, which is just a small part of the journal, while the journal is itself a
publication containing a number of articles and other relevant material.

Types of Journals

https://library-resources.cqu.edu.au/learning-objects/journal-
types.htm
There are various types of journals including:

 academic/scholarly journals
 trade journals
 current affairs/opinion magazines
 popular magazines
 newspapers

The following table reveals a comparison of the various types of journals available:

Academic/Scholarly Current Affairs/ Popular

Features Trade Journals Newspapers
Journals Opinion Magazines Magazines
To inform, report, and To report on industry trends, To offer in-depth reporting To entertain and To disseminate
make available original new products or techniques and feature articles without inform without news on a daily
Purpose research and new findings. to people in a specific trade, scholarly conventions. providing in- or weekly basis.
business or profession. depth analysis.

Often devoted to a single
discipline or subdiscipline.
Subject
Cover practical information Cover a wide range of Often focused on Encompass
related to a field or industry. topics of interest to the a particular current events in
readership.  Be aware of subject or hobby politics, sport,
the predominant but may also leisure, religion
philosophical/political cover a variety of and business.
stance of the editorial topics.
board.

Articles often reviewed by No peer review process. No peer review process. No peer review No peer review
Peer an author's peers before process, may be process.
Review publication. reviewed by an
Process editor or editorial
board.
 Mainly held in libraries or
on subscription-based
databases - few are freely
Access available on the WWW.
Mainly held in libraries or on Many titles available from Available in Available in
subscription-based major newsagents, public supermarkets newsagents.
databases.  Commonly libraries and some and newsagents.
available as part of university libraries.
professional / trade
association membership.

American Economic Advertising Age Bulletin (Sydney) Readers Digest Australian

Review Financial Review
Nursing Times Current Affairs Bulletin National
Australian Journal of Geographic Morning Bulletin
Examples Psychology Drug Topics Scientific American
New Idea Courier Mail
Time (Sydney)
Sports Illustrated

Anatomy of a Scholarly Article

Adapted from http://library.hunter.cuny.edu/research-toolkit/how-do-i-read-stuff/anatomy-of-a-scholarly-article

TIP: When possible, keep your research question(s) in mind when reading scholarly articles. It will help you to focus
your reading.
Title: Generally are straightforward and describe what the article is about. Titles often include relevant key words.
Abstract: A summary of the author(s)'s research findings and tells what to expect when you read the full article. It is
often a good idea to read the abstract first, in order to determine if you should even bother reading the whole article.
Discussion and Conclusion: Read these after the Abstract (even though they come at the end of the article). These
sections can help you see if this article will meet your research needs. If you don’t think that it will, set it aside.
Introduction: Describes the topic or problem researched. The authors will present the thesis of their argument or the
goal of their research.
Literature Review: May be included in the introduction or as its own separate section. Here you see where the
author(s) enter the conversation on this topic. That is to say, what related research has come before, and how do
they hope to advance the discussion with their current research?
Methods: This section explains how the study worked. In this section, you often learn who and how many
participated in the study and what they were asked to do. You will need to think critically about the methods and
whether or not they make sense given the research question.
Results: Here you will often find numbers and tables. If you aren't an expert at statistics this section may be difficult
to grasp. However you should attempt to understand if the results seem reasonable given the methods.
Works Cited (also be called References or Bibliography): This section comprises the author(s)’s sources. Always
be sure to scroll through them. Good research usually cites many different kinds of sources (books, journal articles,
etc.). As you read the Works Cited page, be sure to look for sources that look like they will help you to answer your
own research question.

What is a Research Journal?

A research journal is a periodical that contains articles written by experts in a particular field of study who report the
results of research in that field. The articles are intended to be read by other experts or students of the field, and they
are typically much more sophisticated and advanced than the articles found in general magazines. This guide offers
some tips to help distinguish scholarly journals from other periodicals.
CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH JOURNALS
PURPOSE: Research journals communicate the results of research in the field of study covered by the journal.
Research articles reflect a systematic and thorough study of a single topic, often involving experiments or surveys.
Research journals may also publish review articles and book reviews that summarize the current state of knowledge
on a topic.
APPEARANCE: Research journals lack the slick advertising, classified ads, coupons, etc., found in popular
magazines. Articles are often printed one column to a page, as in books, and there are often graphs, tables, or charts
referring to specific points in the articles.
AUTHORITY: Research articles are written by the person(s) who did the research being reported. When more than
two authors are listed for a single article, the first author listed is often the primary researcher who coordinated or
supervised the work done by the other authors. The most highly-regarded scholarly journals are typically those
sponsored by professional associations, such as the American Psychological Association or the American Chemical
Society.
VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY: Articles submitted to research journals are evaluated by an editorial board and other
experts before they are accepted for publication. This evaluation, called peer review, is designed to ensure that the
articles published are based on solid research that meets the normal standards of the field of study covered by the
journal. Professors sometimes use the term "refereed" to describe peer-reviewed journals.
WRITING STYLE: Articles in research journals usually contain an advanced vocabulary, since the authors use the
technical language or jargon of their field of study. The authors assume that the reader already possesses a basic
understanding of the field of study.
REFERENCES: The authors of research articles always indicate the sources of their information. These references
are usually listed at the end of an article, but they may appear in the form of footnotes, endnotes, or a bibliography.
 
PERIODICALS THAT ARE NOT RESEARCH JOURNALS
POPULAR MAGAZINES: These are periodicals that one typically finds at grocery stores, airport newsstands, or
bookstores at a shopping mall. Popular magazines are designed to appeal to a broad audience, and they usually
contain relatively brief articles written in a readable, non-technical language.
Examples include: Car and Driver, Cosmopolitan, Esquire, Essence, Gourmet, Life, People Weekly, Readers'
Digest, Rolling Stone, Sports Illustrated, Vanity Fair, and Vogue.
NEWS MAGAZINES: These periodicals, which are usually issued weekly, provide information on topics of current
interest, but their articles seldom have the depth or authority of scholarly articles.
Examples include: Newsweek, Time, U.S. News and World Report.
OPINION MAGAZINES: These periodicals contain articles aimed at an educated audience interested in keeping up
with current events or ideas, especially those pertaining to topical issues. Very often their articles are written from a
particular political, economic, or social point of view.
Examples include: Catholic World, Christianity Today, Commentary, Ms., The Militant, Mother Jones, The
Nation, National Review, The New Republic, The Progressive, and World Marxist Review.
TRADE MAGAZINES: People who need to keep up with developments in a particular industry or occupation read
these magazines. Many trade magazines publish one or more special issues each year that focus on industry
statistics, directory lists, or new product announcements.
Examples include: Beverage World, Progressive Grocer, Quick Frozen Foods International, Rubber World, Sales and
Marketing Management, Skiing Trade News, and Stores.
Research Journal Article and Research
Journal Basic
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FUj7iITBZgA

Research Journal Article is:

.Kind or Type of Research Report

.Report that describe the research completely (i.e. What, How, When, Where, Why the research was
done including the results/findings and conclusion of the research)

Publication of Research Findings

1. Publication of Research Findings

2. Sources of Related Review of Literature in Research

Section of Research Journal Article

.Preliminary Material

.Title of the Research Work

.Author(s) Name

.Institutions/organization

.Abstract
.Body of the Report

.Introduction

.Methodology

.Results and Findings

.Conclusion

.Recommendation (if any)

.References

.Details of sources use In-Text citation

.Arranged in Reference list

Autor Last name, Initial of Author. (Year). Title of the

Article. Journal Name, Volume (Issue), Start Page-End
Page.

Publication Period or Number of Years

Publication Cycle

PUBLISHING CYCLE

.Annually

.Half yearly
 Two Issues

E.g.: 28 (1): 42-52.

E.g.: 28 (2): 4-12.
.Quarterly

Four Issues

E.g.: 18 (1): 12-19.

E.g.: 18 (2): 44-62.

E.g.: 18 (3): 98-102.

E.g.: 18 (4): 112-121.

.Bi-Monthly

Six Issues

E.g.: 11 (1): 12-19.

E.g.: 11 (2): 44-62.

E.g.: 11 (3): 98-102.

E.g.: 11 (4): 112-121.

E.g.: 11 (5): 98-102.

E.g.: 11 (6): 191-201.

.Monthly

Twelve Issues

.Special Issues

Revolve around a specific theme/Conference Proceeding

Research Journal
Researcher conducted a study on specific

topic of interest or issue

Research Outcome

New and Original Findings

Make Known or Public

Research Journal