 Single distinct meaningful element of

speech or writing, used with others or

alone to form a sentence

There are Two kinds of words.

 Simple words (base words)
 Complex words (with adding)
 Morphemes: meaningful unit of
language that cannot be divided.

 Examples of Morphemes.
( in-come-ing)
(friend-ship)
(friend-ly)
(un-tie)
 Allomorphs: is a variant form of a
morpheme, it means when a unit of
meaning varies in sound without
changing the meaning.

 Examples of Allomorphs.
( s – es ) ---- (s – iz)
( ed ) ------- ( d – t – id )
 Free morphemes: a morpheme with the potential for
independent occurrence.
( study – play – work – kill)

 Bound morpheme: require the presence of another

morpheme to make up a word.
( studying – played – worker – killer)

 Grammatical morpheme: are the kinds of morphemes

that give information about the grammatical
structure.
 Derivational affixes : deal with the meaning
and origin of words.

 Inflectional affixes: deal with different forms

of words depending on their grammatical
way.

 Clitics : are morphemes that have syntactic

characteristics of a word, but depend on
another word or phrase.
Are the factors that determine which
allomorph of a morpheme you use.

Kinds of conditioning factors:

• Phonological conditioning

• Lexical conditioning

• Morphological conditioning