1) Introduction

2) Pestel Analysis

a) Political Factors:

 Stephen Harper Approach regarding the Business Inclination

 Justine Trudeau Approach regarding the Business Inclination

b) Economic Factors: A Needy Agreement

c) Social Factors

d) Technological Factors

3) PESTEL Chart Analysis

4) PESTEL-Strongest factors

5) Competition Between Canada and other States

6) Recommendations and Conclusion

7) References
 1) Introduction(Brief about Canada)

A nation in North America is called Canada. It ranks as the 2nd largest country in terms of overall size,

with 10 provinces and 3 territories covering well over 9.98 million sq km. It is  8,891 km, of southern

& western land borders with United States making it the world's longest bi - national land border.

Montréal, Toronto and Vancouver are the top three largest cities in Canada, and Ottawa standing as the

capital. Canada is a democratic parliament and a constitutional monarch. The prime minister is chosen

by the governor general, who acts as the monarch's representative and operates as state head. The

governor general is nominated by the appointed House of Commons. The nation is a member of the

Commonwealth and is federally recognised as bilingual (in English and French). In comparison to

other countries, it rates highly in terms of economic freedom, education, gender equality, civil

freedoms, quality of life, and ecological responsibility. It is ethnically & culturally diverse countries in

the world and the result of extensive migrations. Canada's economy and cultures have been

significantly impacted by the long-standing and intricate interaction it shares with the United

StatesCanada, a moderately developed country, with the 24th-highest traditional per capita GDP

worldwide and is ranked 16th on the HDI. Its thriving economy—the 9th largest in the world—

depends heavily on its abundance of natural resources and well-developed global trade networks. This

statement portrays Canada as a "democratic republic" with liberal political tradition. Canada's political

system has been marked by its commitment to social justice. Peace, order, excellent governance, and

an implied Bill of Rights were the pillars on which the Canadian government had been established.

The highest law in Canada is the Constitution, a combination of written and customary laws. The

Constitution Act (1867) divided power between both the federal and province governments and

established parliamentary ruling governance. Canada has a well-developed social democracy, with a

nominal terms of trade with over $2.221 trillon & the 8th largest economy in the world 2022. It is
among the least corrupt nations in the world and has a significant commercial power with a highly

globalized economy. The mixed economy of Canada rates higher than that of the United States

& western European nations, and it has a very small wage disparity.

2) PESTEL Analysis

Pestel is one of a type of business analytics that is frequently used to examine the operations in the

business and give a detailed report. Managements and boards apply the approach in their corporate

risk management and strategic planning process. PESTEL study is also a popular technique among

management consultants who help their clients develop new and advanced product and market

strategies as well as in the financial world, where factors may have an impact on funding decisions

and assumptions.

a) Political:

The first and the most important political factor is the strong oppositional changes that are always

tested and made between Justin Trudeau and Harper. The house of commons is part of the

parliament government of democratic Canada. The government is composed of Conservatives,

Liberals, New Democratic Party, Green Party & Bloc Quebecois. The NDP, on the other hand,

comes in last as the major parties rotate between both the conservative & liberal camps. Canada is

one of founding members of UN. It maintains friendly relations with the United States, the most

powerful country in the world. It also maintains close relations with France, the United Kingdom,

and numerous other countries around the world. Politics in Canada is remarkably stable. It is one of

the safest countries in the world. Due to its low crime rate and reliable law enforcement, Canada is

an ideal place for business people and tourists.

 Stephen Harper Approach regarding the Business Inclination

 Stephen Harper, the head of the conservative party, served as Canada's PM (equal to president)

from 2006 to 2015.Canada does not have restrictions on how many terms a president may hold

office, unlike the United States. Harper would have remained the prime minister if he had

received more votes in the 2015 elections. However, he had already alienated too many voters

by that point. To avoid a deficit, Harper pledged at the beginning of his term. By the conclusion

of his presidency, however, he had increased the country's debt by $150 billion. Budgets were

distributed in dubious ways, such as for brand-new boats and pricey freighter aircraft.

 Justine Trudeau Approach regarding the Business Inclination

Canada has been promoted by Trudeau as a country that is welcoming to immigration, kind to

allies, and just to its citizens. This graphic portrays Canada as a model of progressive in a time

when authoritarian populism is on the rise, as though crossing the border with Donald Trump's

US is like going through a looking glass of politics. Trudeau nevertheless never really

embraced populism; instead, he worked to give the public the idea that he both serves and loves

the people. The less termed inclination of the current prime minister has made the opportunities

a little less for those in the state and difficult for the people around the globe to make

investments thus making now Canada as one of the most expensive state to live in. Neither the

prime minister had made any special policies or state rules for the in-state businesses and less

has been done regarding the Climatic change hence drifting away the opportunities for the

Canadian. The political factors are the major reasons for the de-stabilization for the businesses

in the state.

b) Economic:

Not only is Canada among the richest nations in the world, but it is also among the top 10 trade

nation. The main portion of its trade is with the United States. Following ratification of the
 NAFTA in the 1990s and the USA-Canada FTA throughout the late 1980s, their "connection"

intensified. The US has trade agreements with several other countries, despite its dependence

on Canada. However, Canada focuses a large portion of its trade with the US. Who is more

economically dependent on whom is clear from their relationship. Even a small change in US

policy can have a significant effect on Canadians, especially if it influences rate of interest.

Canada has trade agreements with other countries. Thus, In 2017- September, it concluded to

Comprehensive Tariff and Trade Agreement (CETA) with the EU. This agreement aims to

simplify the export of goods and services for the benefit of citizens and businesses in the EU

and Canada. North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was made in 1994 by Mexico,

United States and Canada to create a trilateral economic bloc.

c) Social:

Between 2005 and 2015, Canada's median yearly household income increased, going from

$63,457 to $70,336. This is an improvement of almost 10%. Education may have a significant

role in this good shift, among other aspects. For Canadians, secondary and post-secondary

education is very important. While students were drowning in load debt, new legislation has

just been introduced to make it possible for families with lesser incomes for free tuition to a

university or college. Unfortunately, from the past 10 years graduates don't get any assistance

in paying off their loan. The low-class makes up 1/3 of the population, while the middle-class

adds between 40 and 50 percent. Only 3–6% of Canadians are classified as upper class. Paying

interest on student loans and other similar loans can be an overwhelming undertaking because

the majority of the population is middle & working class.

Canada is a country that values diversity. In truth, Canada's history has been greatly influenced

by diversity, and many people refer to it as a nation of immigrants. Numerous industries in

 Canada suffer from a serious dearth of skilled workers, and many business owners complain

that this deficiency is preventing their companies from growing. With a flexibility recruitment

system, as well as the growth of the population, the government is addressing this issue. those

who possess the necessary experience and credentials can apply to live in Canada, which

stimulates immigration.

The standard of living in Canada is one of the highest in the world. Canadian consumers are

optimistic about their employment prospects and the state of the economy. They almost always

demand top-notch products and services, as well as after-sales service. Young customers are

shopping online with their cell phones, and online shopping options are growing rapidly (Banco

Santander, 2021). However, there are some concerns about increasing economic inequalities in

Canada. For example, the 100 richest people in Canada have a net worth of more than $230

billion, and the richest 10% of the population own about 40% of the country's wealth.

d) Technological:

The country is among the most cutting-edge in terms of science and technology. For Canadians,

the internet is a significant source of education, employment, and leisure. More than 28 million

people utilize the internet, or in excess of 80% of the populace. The states with the highest

internet usage are British Columbia, Alberta, and Ontario. This may be since they have greater

access cheaper internet package options than in other provinces, such the Yukon. The phone

and internet businesses are virtually under the authority of the two largest internet providers,

Bell & Rogers. Even when new, smaller companies start up, they will never be able to compete

with these two oligopolies.

The amount of public and private investment in Canada's technology field is rapidly increasing.

The country has also developed into a fertile environment for business development as a result
 of political, economic, and social stability. Canada has also advanced in the world for IT and

workers to various multinational IT organizations and specialists, individuals can advance their

professions and grow their businesses. In Canada, technology is disrupting many traditional

industries and opening up a wide range of opportunities for both people and corporations.

e) Environmental:

Many tourists from around the world are attracted to Canada's geography and natural beauty,

which benefits the country's tourism economy. Some of the environmental problems are due to

the increase in the economy, population, and technology. These include air pollution, acid rain,

and numerous other environmental problems. To address these problems, Canada has taken a

number of commendable actions. For example, Justin Trudeau has begun work on a strategy to

reduce carbon emissions to zero by 2050.

f) Legal:

In Canada, there are many laws that apply to the general population, small businesses, and

corporations. Certain rights of workers are protected by law in Canada. There are some

minimum standards that employers must adhere to, such as working hours, minimum wages,

sick leave, vacation, and discharge. Discriminating against people based on their gender, color,

ethnicity, age or a number of other factors is illegal under the Canadian Human Rights Act

(CHRA). There are many ways to do business in Canada. For example, the most common are

corporations, joint ventures, general or limited partnerships, trusts, sole proprietorships,

cooperatives and branches. For international companies, the corporation is the most popular

form of establishment in Canada.

3) PESTEL chart analysis

 4) PESTEL- Strong factors

One of the best factor that will add to the betterment of the state and adding to all other factors would

be the technological factors that if dealt smartly would add to the success in all other areas that is

Political, Social, Economic, and even Legal as the technological contribution is going to be way too

high and that would make a meticulous change in the states’ future that are most probably be shaped

by the technological factors. The Canadian economy is heavily reliant on technology, just like all other

developed nations. The fact that advancements in tech is one of the segments of the economy that is

growing the fastest. For education, jobs, and pleasure, Canadians use technology most frequently.
Furthermore, individuals might find well-paying work in the IT sector. Following are the reasons that

are already contributing and are even made under specific discussion for the contribution regard.

 Due to the potential of 5G, Canadian Corporation must thoroughly watch the

improvement and enhancement of user understanding with improved speed and

access. This might fundamentally alter the way consumers use technology in the retail

(department and discount) industry.

 The increased usage of mobile technology and its improvements have changed client

expectations in the services sector. To be competitive, these standards must be met

and controlled by Canadian Corporations, but they must also innovate.

 More businesses are expected to spend in R&D if Canada has greater safeguards for

IPR & more logical property rights. Intellectual property legislation & patent

protection.

5) Competition between Canada and other states

In relation to the United States, that is roughly where Canada stands. The United States came out

on top of the recently announced World Competitiveness Forum's prestigious Global

Competitiveness Index this year for the first time since 2008. (GCI). Out of 140 countries, Canada

came in at number 12. In other words, we have a big disadvantage over the nation next door. Due

to changes in methodology that placed more focus on innovation, a field in which the United States

continues to lead the globe, the 2018 report cannot be directly compared to those from previous

years. But after applying the new methodology to recalculate last year's results, the CGI discovered

a worrying pattern. Canada dropped from 10th place last year, while the United States would have

taken the top spot. How has the United States improved its competitiveness? The story has

included a significant amount of deregulation. Regulation is a delicate balancing act; there is no

ideal level of regulation. Wherever possible, nevertheless, excessive complexity, obstacles, wait

times, and ambiguity should be removed. Canada is a long way away. Additionally, neither the

federal government nor the majority of the province governments have recently proposed any

meaningful deregulatory approach to maintain the competitiveness of the nation.

But it's crucial to keep in mind that since 2016, when most of the macroeconomic statistics were

gathered, Canada's fiscal picture has significantly worsened. The major debt run-up in Alberta was

just getting started at the time, and Ontario appeared to be making headway in reducing its

structural deficit—progress that has now been revealed to be illusory—at the time. In other words,

while taxes and regulations are being reduced in the United States, income tax rates have been

rising in Canada. Governments in Canada are clogging up the system and spreading uncertainty, far

from beginning a sensible deregulation. In other words, we are doing the exact opposite of what the

store across the street is doing, which is lowering costs and facilitating shopping. Canada's

economy and cultures have been significantly impacted by the long-standing and intricate

interaction it shares with the United States. Canada, a relatively sophisticated nation, Ranked 24th

globally on conventional per capita GDP and 16th on the Human Development Index.
 6) Recommendations and Conclusion

Following a comprehensive assessment of PESTLE analysis, it became clear that Canada holds a

dominant position on the world market. The nation should reduce environmental pollution and the pace

of carbon emissions. As a consultant, I would recommend that the firm should also be prepared for the

difficulties that the post-pandemic world will present. There are numerous laws in Canada, which has
power over both the general public and corporate entities. They fight to protect the rights of regular

employees and workers. They handle issues such as sick leave, vacation time, and minimum pay

standards. The Canadian Human Rights Act (CHRA) forbids discrimination of any kind. The

advancements in industries where Canada's citizens enjoy a very good standard of life and have faith in

the nation's economy and labor market are also added to this list. The requirements for goods and

services in the Canadian business market are very high.

 References

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