WOLLO UNIVERSITY

KOMOBOLCHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER

ENGINEERING

ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING

PROJECT PROPOSAL

Performance analysis of MIMO-OFDM system

channel estimation in the presence of inter-carrier
interference (ICI)

Name ID
1.Getaye Fiseha 1485/11
2.Betemengist Degu 1166/11
3.Hamdi Mohammed 1535/11
Advisor: Mr. Shmels G.

Submission Date:27/05/2015 E.C

Executive summary

Nowadays, the Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)-Orthogonal Frequency Division

Multiplexing (OFDM) is an important method used in wireless communications, especially in
5G cellular communications. As in a wireless network, the input signals pass through a
channel, and the input signal undergoes phase shift, attenuation, and interference. So, the
password from the user side and the received signals are not the same. Thus, an effective
channel estimator is essential to make cellular communication better.
In this project, two topics will have special attention: Performance enhancement and MIMO-
OFDM channel estimation and Modeling. We will also investigate the effect of ICI and its
mitigation techniques, improve spectral efficiency, best performing pattern of BER Vs SNR,
simulate and show the result using MATLAB software.

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Table of contents

Contents Page
Executive summary.....................................................................................................................i

Table of contents........................................................................................................................ii

List of tables..............................................................................................................................iv

1. INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................1

1.1 Background......................................................................................................................1

1.1.1 MIMO Channel Model............................................................................................1

1.2 Statement of problem......................................................................................................3

1.3 Objectives.............................................................................................................................3

1.3.1 General Objectives.......................................................................................................3

1.3.2 Specific Objectives.......................................................................................................3

1.4 Scope of the project.........................................................................................................4

1.5 Significant of project.......................................................................................................4

1.6 Limitation........................................................................................................................4

2. LITERATURE REVIEW.......................................................................................................4

3. METHODOLOGY.................................................................................................................6

3.1 Overview.........................................................................................................................6

3.1.1 MIMO-OFDM Channel estimation (Simulation)....................................................6

3.1.2 Performance comparison of MIMO-OFDM model.................................................6

3.2 General block diagram....................................................................................................7

3.3 Material requirement.......................................................................................................7

3.3.1 Software component................................................................................................7

4. TIME FRAME FOR THE PROJECT....................................................................................8

5.REFERENCES........................................................................................................................9

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List of figures

Figure 1 Block diagram of SISO channel configuration............................................................2

Figure 2 Block diagram of MIMO (2x2) spatial diversity.........................................................2
Figure 3 block diagram of MIMO (2x2) spatial multiplexing...................................................2
Figure 4 methodology flow chart...............................................................................................7

List of tables

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Table 1:Literature review table..................................................................................................4
Table 2: Work plan table............................................................................................................8

Abbreviations and Acronyms

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MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output

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MIMO-OFDM Multiple Input Multiple Output- Orthogonal Frequency Division
Multiplexing
OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
5G Fifth Generation
MSK Magnitude Shift Keying
PSK Phase Shift Keying
ICI Inter-Carrier Interference
MATLAB Matrix laboratory
SISO Single Input Single Output
Tx Transmitter
Rx Receiver
SIMO Sing Input Multiple Output
m Transmit antenna
n Receive antenna
G Gain
MC-MIMO Multi-Carrier-Multiple Input Multiple Output
SC-MIMO Single-Carrier-Multiple Input Multiple Output
BS Base Station
SNR Signal to Noise Ratio
K
BER Bit Error Rate
RLS Recursive Least Squares
MMSE Minimum Mean Square Error
LS Least Square
APA Adaptive Pilot Allocation
AM Adaptive Modulation
PCM Pulse Code Modulation
Vs Versus
3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
3GPP2 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

MIMO is an advanced technology, used for cellular communications, satellite applications

and broadcast media for high data rate service [1]. MIMO is Pronoun of My-Moe as a set of
remarked circuits had multiple-input multiple-output ports, used for signal process techniques
that were developed to support the performance of wireless communication systems. The first
commercial MIMO system with multiple access in orthogonal or combination MIMO-OFDM
was issued in 2001 [2]. The first OFDM system is created during the 2nd world war. United
States military employed high-frequency systems like, KATHRYN, KINEPEX and ANDFT.
The complete adaptation of MIMO and OFDM modulation techniques because of better the
transmission systems. The definitive MIMO-OFDM transmission scheme is the current and
future cellular communication method [3].
MIMO and OFDM technology play in wireless communication system is highly
significant[4]. On the receive antenna, the microwave signals exploiting the independent of
multiple paths of the radio links between multiple transmit antennas [5]. Using Fast Fourier
Transform and Inverse Fast Fourier Transform implement high quality, throughput
approximations substantially for higher-order systems that are less cost and require less time
to design [6].
OFDM working principle offered to bandwidth into low passband parallel to the given
channels known as sub-carriers or information/symbol is transmitted channels at a minimum
rate. The orthogonally between carriers’ frequency could destruct once the signal passes
through the time-varying channel. Channel estimation is done using, MSK, PSK modulations
and various other modulation techniques for data transmission in presences of ICI. The
simulation of the Genetic multiplexing method is done by using MATLAB software.
1.1.1 MIMO Channel Model

The term channel is media or medium of b/n transmit and receive antenna. Two categories of
single-carrier MIMO and multi-carrier MIMO are combined to explain that we’re employed
in cellular communication.
Single Input Single Output (SISO): this shows old-style pattern for radio and television
broadcast and early first-generation cellular communication.

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 TX SISO Rx

Figure 1 Block diagram of SISO channel configuration

Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO): Methods comprises a single antenna at the transmit
side M TX , multiple N RX antennas at the receiver side, and y(t) is the receive vector.
Multiple Input Single Output (MISO): Multiple Antenna system contains at the
transmitter, single Antenna system at receiver. Each element in the vector being the complex
gain from one M TX to the N RX [10]. In transmission and receiver instrumentality uses multiple
antennas to take advantage of multipath propagation.
G (m, n)
G (n, m)
G (m, n)
Transmitt
M transmit antenna er Receiver

N receive antenna G (n, m)

Figure 2 Block diagram of MIMO (2x2) spatial diversity

G (n, m)
Transmitt
er Receiver

G (n, m)

Figure 3 block diagram of MIMO (2x2) spatial multiplexing

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MC-MIMO: multiple streams of data is simultaneously allocated to different users, using
the same frequency band and it relies on achieving high throughput. Multilayer transmission,
the quantity of receive antennas should be equal to or more than the quantity of transmit an-
tennas. The goal of the MIMO supported multilayer transmission scheme depends on achiev-
ing higher data rates in a very given information measure.
SC-MIMO: in this case data being transmitted from a single user to another individual user.
Cellular systems users are transmitting each single antenna to a base station (BS) and then
base stations that signals process from individual and specific cellular systems. Sum of sys-
tem Throughput vs SNR for several values of M t , N r , and k. Genetic Algorithm performance
relative to the existing system is better for M t = 2 and N r = 2.

1.2 Statement of problem

In wireless communication systems, adaptive modulation (AM) and pulse code modulation
(PCM) techniques had some problems like low data rates, high peak power, and subcarrier
interference. Each problem improvement needs of reliable and fast data rate in future
communication system. So, these problems with the existing technology are overcome by
recently the multiple antenna systems (MIMO-OFDM) provides considerable attention.
In addition, MIMO system has special resource, high capacity and improved throughput are
possible without additional bandwidth and power. genetic algorithm methods used Blind
pilot channel estimation. In this project work, specific techniques selected the best model of
MIMO-OFDM channel estimating system using Genetic search algorithm. Via
implementation of MATLAB to improve performance with throughput, in the presence of
ICI.

1.3 Objectives

1.3.1 General Objectives

A Major Objective of the Study: Performance analysis of MIMO-OFDM channel Estimation

in the presence of inter-carrier interferences (ICI) by using magnitude modulation (MSK),
phase modulation (PSK) techniques for data communication.

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1.3.2 Specific Objectives.

 Enhancing the performance of 2x2 MIMO channel system using Genetic multiplexing
and different modulation technique with ICI.
 Get the best performing pattern of BER vs SNR in single-carrier and multi-carrier
MIMO.
 To improve throughput of the system.

1.4 Scope of the project

MIMO-OFDM Channel estimation is implemented by using MATLAB simulation.

2x2MIMO channel estimation is done using different modulation techniques for data
communication in presences of ICI. it doesn’t implement the hardware to show the result.

1.5 Significant of project

Multiple Input-Multiple Output (MIMO) Channel system was more complicate, and difficult
operation in MIMO-OFDM. Multiple antennas allied in the transmit channel and the receive
channel in wireless communication systems will be wanting to well enhance system
efficiency for influencing the special behavior of the cellular communication. The system is
used:
 Address the subject of MIMO-OFDM channel estimation systems with the principle
of Genetic algorithm program.
 Reducing the complexity, improving performance, high SNR, and minimum Bit Error
Rate while not a rise of the bandwidth spectrum.
 Improve the spectral efficiency, and improve the performance of system

1.6 Limitation

Limitation of this system designing MIMO-OFDM channel estimation with Genetic search
algorithm, work was lack of reliable data, lack of time, and MATLAB simulation software
works single data system.

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2. LITERATURE REVIEW

The performance of MIMO-OFDM systems for channel estimation with inter-carrier interfer-
ence (ICI) has been studied for decades from different perspectives. This subtopic aims to
cover some of the literature closely related to MIMO-OFDM and their performance with be-
haviour of the channel.

Table 1:Literature review table

Ref. Year Focus of previous works Limitation of Features of our

previous works study

[7] 2019 -study comb type and SIP
channel estimation
techniques.
-they get better performance
in terms of BER.
[8] 2015 -They proposed RLS
technique for channel
estimation in transmit
diversity.
[9] 2022 -analysing the recently used
algorithms concerning
channel estimation and the
equalization process for
MIMO-OFDM systems.
-They did not investigate -we will study
effect of ICI. effect of ICI and its
-They did not compare mitigation
performance of these techniques.
techniques against other
channel estimation
techniques.
- The technique has -we can now focus
increased system on the reduction of
performance, but it has complexity.
complex system
architecture.
- The part on -we will increase
implementation is more low level of ICI
limited to research testbeds mitigation and the
that apply traditional limited
channel estimation performance.
algorithms.
- The most deployed
channel estimation
algorithms are complex and
have a lower level of
mitigation of ICI.
– The equalization

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 algorithms are quite limited
in terms of performance.
[10] 2013 -deals with various -They achieve high gain -we will study
estimators like SNR, MMSE and directivity in wireless complexity
and least square (LS) error. communication. However, minimization and
they did not modify various ICI cancelation.
algorithms to remove
complexity and mean
square error.
[11] 2015 -analysis and comparison of -include channel estimation -channel estimation
different pilot-aided channel using a combination of schemes for a
estimation algorithms have block type and comb type combination of
been performed. pilots. Also, ICI is not spatial
considered in this project multiplexing and
work. spatial diversity
systems may be
developed.
-we will consider
ICI.
[12] 2018 -They investigate the -Internal power -we will try to
performance of massive consumption is not study internal
MIMO systems under reduced. power
different scenarios. consumption
-Adaptive Pilot Allocation optimization and
(APA) algorithm proposed to reduce the radiated
mitigate the effect of pilot energy.
contamination and improve
the performance of multi-cell
massive MIMO system.

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3. METHODOLOGY

3.1 Overview

In our work, there was different related literature on MIMO-OFDM, 3GPP, 3GPP2
standardization documents, previous researcher’s studies, different literature in electrical and
computer engineering article, IEEE journals and google scholars had been used as source of
data. Based on this review of related works and considering the state of problems in the
methodology of the study was designed. Performance analyses of MIMO-OFDM channel
estimation in the presence of ICI cellular channel communication pass several phases or
steps.
3.1.1 MIMO-OFDM Channel estimation (Simulation)

This phase includes a pre-planning information collection and all technological assumptions
to
establish the most effective channel configuration. This is achieved through.
a) Selection or study of MIMO-OFDM channel estimation tools (MATLAB)
b) Study of MIMO and OFDM estimating parameters
c) Identifying multi-channel implementing algorithm.
3.1.2 Performance comparison of MIMO-OFDM model

Studying the channel model based on the data set collected data. The estimating model en-
sures optimal allocation of subcarriers for users’ (in terms of multiple antennas, channel
transceivers, and throughput) and guarantees targeted service quality. The main activities in-
clude.

 Analysis of channel estimation and Inter-Carrier Interference.

 Throughput and the enhancement of performance for the system with SNR, BER.
 To Study Eigenvalue, singular value decomposition, and Genetic optimization.

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3.2 General block diagram

start

Study MIMO-OFDM channel system

Identifying MIMO-OFDM model and requirement

Identifying Algorithm and working principle

NO

Is it sufficient??

YES
Collecting data & tool
NO

Acceptance

YES
Estimation MIMO-OFDM channels with different modulation

Simulation

end

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 Figure 4 methodology flow chart

3.3 Material requirement

3.3.1 Software component

3.3.2 Hardware component

4. TIME FRAME FOR THE PROJECT

Table 2: Work plan table

Tasks Week 1 Week 3 Week 5 Week 6 Final week

Literature review

Requirement analysis

System design

Simulation of the system

Hardware implementation

Analysis based on simulation

result
Documentation/project report

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5.REFERENCES

[1] G. Fodor, C. Koutsimanis, A. Rácz, N. Reider, A. Simonsson, and W. Müller,

“Intercell interference coordination in OFDMA networks and in the 3GPP long term
evolution system,” J. Commun., vol. 4, no. 7, pp. 445–453, 2009, doi: 10.4304/jcm.4.7.445-
453.
[2] A. J. Tenenbaum and R. S. Adve, “Linear processing and sum throughput in the
multiuser MIMO downlink,” IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun., vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 2652–2661,
2009, doi: 10.1109/TWC.2009.080708.
[3] H. Boche and M. Schubert, “Optimal Multi-User Interference Balancing Using
Transmit Beamforming,” Wirel. Pers. Commun., vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 305–324, 2019, doi:
10.1023/A:1025684624987.
[4] L. N. Tran and E. K. Hong, “Multiuser diversity for successive zero-forcing dirty
paper coding: Greedy scheduling algorithms and asymptotic performance analysis,” IEEE
Trans. Signal Process., vol. 58, no. 6, pp. 3411–3416, 2010, doi:
10.1109/TSP.2010.2043977.
[5] R. O. Adeogun, P. D. Teal, and P. A. Dmochowski, “Extrapolation of MIMO Mobile-
to-Mobile Wireless Channels Using Parametric-Model-Based Prediction,” IEEE Trans. Veh.
Technol., vol. 64, no. 10, pp. 4487–4498, 2015, doi: 10.1109/TVT.2014.2366757.
[6] D. Saravanan, D. Joseph, and S. Vaithyasubramanian, Effective utilization of image
information using data mining technique, vol. 172. 2019. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-32644-
9_22.
[7] C. Biener and M. Eling, “T He P Erformance of M Icroinsurance P Rograms :,” 2019.
[8] D. Sharma and C. Engineering, “Transmit Diversity Case In MIMO-OFDM,” vol. 4,
no. 4, 2015.
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[9] H. Harkat, P. Monteiro, A. Gameiro, F. Guiomar, and H. Farhana Thariq Ahmed, “A
Survey on MIMO-OFDM Systems: Review of Recent Trends,” Signals, vol. 3, no. 2, pp.
359–395, 2022, doi: 10.3390/signals3020023.
[10] M. Arora, “Survey of MIMO OFDM System under Different Estimators: A Review,”
pp. 16–19, 2013.
[11] I. A. Mohammed, “Analysis and Performance Evaluation of SISO and MIMO OFDM
Channel Estimation Techniques Using Pilot Symbols,” 2015.
[12] M. H. M. Alkhaled, “Performance Enhancement of Massive Mimo Systems Under
Channel Correlation and Pilot Contamination,” 2018.

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